CN108575509B - Method for improving planting survival rate of bamboo willows in saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Method for improving planting survival rate of bamboo willows in saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108575509B CN108575509B CN201810419767.6A CN201810419767A CN108575509B CN 108575509 B CN108575509 B CN 108575509B CN 201810419767 A CN201810419767 A CN 201810419767A CN 108575509 B CN108575509 B CN 108575509B
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the planting survival rate of bamboo willows in saline-alkali soil, and belongs to the field of forestry cultivation science. In severe saline-alkali soil where bamboo willows are not easy to be cut and survive, bamboo willow spikes are firstly cut in seedling-raising protection barrels to raise seedlings under facility conditions, and after the seedlings are successfully raised, the seedlings are transplanted into the saline-alkali soil together with the seedling-raising protection barrels, so that the planting survival rate is improved. The method can obviously improve the planting survival rate of the bamboo willow in the saline-alkali soil, promote the rapid growth and development of individuals and increase the annual growth amount. The method has the advantages of strong operability, good repeatability, high efficiency and simplicity, and has extremely important significance for large-scale ecological construction by adopting the bamboo willows in the saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to a method for remarkably improving the planting survival rate of bamboo willows by adopting certain technical measures in saline-alkali soil, belongs to the field of forestry cultivation science, and is specially used for remarkably improving the transplanting survival rate in the process of constructing bamboo willow forests in heavy areas of the saline-alkali soil on a large scale.
Background
The bamboo willow is plant of Salicaceae (Salicaceae) Salix. The arbor has good fast-growing property, can be felled in 2-3 years in a rotation mode, has the cellulose content of 68.47 percent, the length of 0.88-1.26 mm, is uniformly distributed, has the pulping rate of chemical pulp of 52 percent, has high whiteness and is easy to bleach, reduces the bleaching and pollution treatment costs, is a preferred forest material for producing chemical pulp to replace cotton linters and imported wood pulp, and is a high-quality raw material for manufacturing composite wood boards. The bamboo willow is an ideal tree species for industrial raw material forests, medium and small-diameter timber cultivation, street trees, tree planting on four sides, landscaping and farmland protection forests, and is also an important tree species for ecological restoration of desert, gobi and abandoned lands.
The bamboo willow is a land which is fertile in soil, and the land with the soil organic matter content of 2-10% grows rapidly. The bamboo willow grows at the highest speed in sandy loam with the soil porosity of 50% and good air permeability and water retention, and the sandy soil and clay are inferior. The existing bamboo willow large-scale planting mode is generally that direct cutting planting is adopted or cutting is firstly carried out on a seedbed and then transplanting is carried out. The cutting length is less than or equal to 30 cm, the surface is only 1-2 cm when cutting is carried out, and the survival rate is high. But when the bamboo willows are subjected to cuttage in saline-alkali soil, the cuttage is difficult to grow roots and sprout due to the saline-alkali weight of the implementation land, the survival rate is low, and even the survival rate is zero; in the place with the thickness of the saline-alkali layer of 80-120 cm, the cuttage depth reaches 80 cm, and the cuttage success rate is very low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for remarkably improving the planting survival rate of bamboo willows in the large-scale construction process of bamboo willow forests in saline-alkali soil, and solve the key problem of low cuttage survival rate of the bamboo willows due to heavy saline-alkali soil in the large-scale construction process of the saline-alkali soil.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for improving the plant planting survival rate in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting and preparing bamboo willow spikes: cutting the top opening of the seed spike flat, wherein the distance between the top end and the bud tip is 0.8-1.2 cm, cutting the bottom opening into a horseshoe shape to prevent splitting, and selecting the upper end of a lower cut at the base of one bud; before cuttage, the bamboo willow spikes can be soaked without soaking, or soaked in a water pool for 1-4 days, water is changed every 24 hours, and the bamboo willow spikes are soaked in thiophanate methyl with the concentration of 0.1% for 24 hours in the last day; the specifications of the bamboo willow spikes are selected in two categories: the first type has the length of 70.0-120.0 cm and the stem thickness of 1.0-3.0 cm; the second type has a length of 30.0-50.0 cm and a stem thickness of 1.0-4.0 cm;
(2) cuttage of bamboo willow seed spikes: putting the bamboo willow seed ears into a seedling growing protection cylinder (not putting upside down), and simultaneously filling a nutrient medium, wherein the depth of the seed ears put into the seedling growing protection cylinder is 0-10.0 cm from the bottom of the cylinder; wherein the length of the branch of the first type of ear exposed out of the surface of the nutrient medium in the seedling culture protection cylinder is 20.0-100.0 cm, and the length of the branch of the second type of ear exposed out of the surface of the nutrient medium in the seedling culture protection cylinder is 1.0-30.0 cm, so that at least one bud is exposed out of the nutrient medium;
wherein the nutrient medium comprises desert sand, vermiculite, perlite, decomposed cattle and sheep manure, and preferably also comprises a growth regulator;
wherein, the seedling protection tube specification is: the height is 30.0-50.0 cm, the inner diameter is 6.0-12.0 cm, the wall thickness is 0.1-0.5 cm, and the cylinder wall and the cylinder bottom are provided with small holes for water to enter and exit and roots to stretch into soil;
(3) preparing a seed ear and seedling protection barrel: a nutrient medium is loaded in the protective cylinder, preferably containing desert sand, vermiculite, perlite and decomposed cattle and sheep manure, and preferably further containing a growth regulator;
(4) culturing under facility conditions: arranging seedling raising protection cylinders filled with bamboo willow spikes and nutrient media into a square matrix, padding a water-leakage-proof film or geotextile on the lower portion of the square matrix, and building the film or geotextile with soil around the square matrix to form a pool with a certain height; irrigating the nutrient medium in the seedling protection cylinder for 2-3 times every day to thoroughly remove water, and injecting a proper amount of water into the enclosure pool;
(5) transplanting: transplanting the cutting into soil when the cutting takes root and sprouts in a protective cylinder and the tender branches grow to 5.0-10.0 cm;
wherein the plant is selected from bamboo willow, red willow, caragana microphylla, Calligonum mongolicum and poplar, preferably bamboo willow.
Preferably, the seedling protection tube is made of separable or degradable material.
Preferably, in the step (4), the air in the facility is kept warm and moist, the temperature is kept between 20 and 30 ℃, the humidity is kept to be more than 50 percent, and the facility is prevented from being exposed to the sun; the humidity of the nutrient medium is kept above 50%, and the topdressing and the foliar fertilizer application are preferably carried out, wherein the topdressing mainly comprises nitrogen fertilizer, the foliar fertilizer mainly comprises spraying monopotassium phosphate and urea or biological fertilizer, and the pest control is further preferably carried out.
Preferably, the transplanting is spring and autumn transplanting, and 150-1500 plants are transplanted per mu.
Preferably, the transplanting method comprises the steps of transporting seedlings bred by the first type of ears to a transplanting ground together with a seedling protection cylinder, carrying out transplanting by using a handheld hole drilling machine to drill planting pits or digging planting ditches by a soil digging machine, wherein the pits or ditches are 70.0-100.0 cm deep, the diameter of the pits is larger than 10.0 cm, carrying out transplanting by using a ③ seedling protection cylinder with a seedling protection cylinder, the transplanting planting depth is 70.0-100.0 cm, the bottom of the seedling protection cylinder is kept at a position 70.0-100.0 cm below the ground surface, backfilling and compacting soil, exposing a main stem or branch to the ground surface by 1.0-30.0 cm, and carrying out tender branches with the length of not less than 5.0cm on the main stem, wherein 1-2 tender branches with the length of not less than 5.0cm are transported to the transplanting ground together by using ① seedling protection cylinders bred by using a handheld hole drilling machine to dig pits or digging soil digging machine, the pits or ditches with the diameter of not less than 10.0 cm, carrying out compacting seedlings, carrying out the seedling protection cylinder with the seedling protection depth of not less than 20.0 cm, carrying out transplanting on the seedling protection cylinder, carrying out transplanting soil, and forming a seedling protection cylinder with the transplanting soil with the transplanting depth of not less than 1-20 cm, and the transplanting soil, and forming a seedling protection cylinder with the transplanting soil with the transplanting depth of the transplanting soil for transplanting.
Wherein saline-alkali soil is selected in the transplanting land, the thickness of the saline-alkali soil layer is 30.0-120.0 cm, the salinity is more than 6.0 per thousand, and the pH value is more than or equal to 7.0; can also be applied to other places which are not easy to be cut into survival.
Optionally, the shoots are trimmed or wiped off before transplanting, i.e. the best 1-2 shoots are selected and retained, and the other shoots are trimmed or wiped off from the base.
Preferably, in step (1), the top is 1.0 cm from the bud tip.
Preferably, in the step (1), the bamboo willow spikes are soaked in a water pool for 1-3 days.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
under the facility condition, firstly cutting bamboo willow spikes in a seedling protection cylinder for seedling cultivation, and transplanting the seedlings into the saline-alkali soil with the cylinder after the seedling cultivation is successful, wherein the method has the beneficial effects that: (1) because the salt and alkali resistance of the bamboo willows at the seedling stage is the worst, but the salt tolerance is gradually enhanced along with the increase of the seedling age, the salt tolerance of the bamboo willows can be enhanced through cuttage and delayed transplantation; (2) the root system of the bamboo willow seedling in the protective cylinder can be developed by cutting seedling firstly, and under the condition that the saline-alkali layer of the saline-alkali soil is not thick, the bamboo willow seedling is directly transplanted to a proper depth by adopting the seedling protective cylinder with the seedling, so that the root of the seedling can quickly extend into the soil layer with low salinity and alkalinity, the key problem that the root can not grow and survive due to the saline-alkali toxicity of direct cutting is avoided, and the planting survival rate is improved; (3) meanwhile, the seedling protection cylinder can also be used as a local salt and alkali removal measure to prevent the invasion of salt and alkali and form a small saline-alkali free area (an area in the seedling protection cylinder) at the root; (4) fertilizers, drought tolerance agents, salt and alkali resistance agents and the like can be added into the nutrient medium of the seedling protection cylinder, so that the planting survival rate is further improved; (5) the saline-alkali soil improvement method with high cost such as soil replacement, large application of soil conditioner and the like is avoided, and the cost is effectively reduced; (6) after the second type of seed ears are transplanted, the seedling protection cylinder can also play roles of preventing high-temperature stress of the surface layer of the ground, preventing wind and sand, preventing small animals from gnawing and the like on the seedlings, and the survival rate and the growth quantity are improved; (6) can realize annual transplanting planting of the bamboo willows. The planting method provided by the invention comprehensively and effectively improves the planting survival rate of the bamboo willows in the saline-alkali soil, becomes an effective way for treating the saline-alkali soil by planting the bamboo willows and realizing industrialization of the saline-alkali soil, and is an optimal scheme for treating the saline-alkali soil by planting the bamboo willows and realizing industrialization of the saline-alkali soil in the future.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a bamboo willow seedling planted in a seedling protection tube by skewering in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a method for transplanting seedlings of a first type of ears with a seedling protection tube;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second type of ear seedlings with a seedling protection tube for transplanting together.
In the figure, 1-protective cylinder for seedling 2-protective cylinder for seedling 3-saline-alkali free or low saline-alkali soil 4-saline-alkali layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
(1) place of implementation
The method comprises the steps of selecting saline-alkali soil near Kurler city in Xinjiang, wherein the alkalinity of salt of the saline-alkali soil is 7.0-12.0 thousandths, sulfate radicals, chloride ions, sodium ions and the like are taken as main materials, the pH value is more than or equal to 8.0, and the thickness of the saline-alkali soil is about 80.0 cm on average.
(2) Scale of implementation
Adopting a seedling protection tube to cut and cultivate 15000 tubes of bamboo willow seedlings (see figure 1).
(3) Time of execution
Month 3 of 2017.
(4) Method of implementation
Selection of the seed ears and the seedling protection barrels: the method comprises the following steps of (1) uniformly growing selected bamboo willow spikes of 80.0-85.0 cm (first type spikes), enabling stems to be about 1.5 cm thick, enabling top openings to be cut flat, enabling top ends to be about 1.0 cm away from bud tips, enabling bottom openings to be cut into horseshoe shapes, preventing splitting, and enabling the upper ends of lower cuts to be located at the base parts of buds; the specification of the seedling protection cylinder is as follows: the height is 30.0 cm, the inner diameter is 8.0 cm, and the thickness of the cylinder wall is 2.0 mm.
Before cuttage, soaking the bamboo willow spikes in a water pool for 3 days, changing water every 24 hours, and soaking the bamboo willow spikes in 0.1% thiophanate methyl for 24 hours in the last day; the protective cylinder is filled with nutrient media, and the nutrient media comprise: desert sand, vermiculite, perlite, decomposed cattle and sheep manure, rooting agent and the like.
And (3) putting the bamboo willow spikes into a seedling raising protection barrel (paying attention to not to be placed upside down), filling nutrient media, and paying attention to make the spikes be positioned at the center of the barrel as much as possible and filling the nutrient media as much as possible. The seed ears are placed in a seedling raising protection cylinder with the depth of about 0-2.0 cm from the bottom, and 1-2 plants/cylinder are obtained.
Under the facility condition, the seedling raising protection cylinders filled with the bamboo willow spikes and the nutrient medium are arranged into a plurality of square matrixes according to the quantity of 1000 seedlings, a water-leakage-proof film or geotextile is padded on the lower portion of each square matrix, and the film or geotextile is stacked by soil around the square matrixes to form a pool with a certain height. The nutrient medium in the seedling protection cylinder is watered thoroughly 2 times a day, and a certain amount of water is also injected into the pond.
The management key points are as follows: air heat preservation and moisture preservation, the temperature in the facility is kept at about 25 ℃, and the humidity is kept at 50.0-70.0%; the humidity of the nutrient medium is kept at about 60%, and urea is applied for 1 time.
When the cutting shoots take roots and germinate in the protective cylinder and the tender branches grow to 3.0-5.0 cm, selecting the best tender branch on the upper part of each plant, and cutting off other tender branches from the base part.
And when the tender branches grow to 5.0-8.0 cm, transporting the seed ears together with the seedling culture protection cylinders to a transplanting field.
Adopting a pit drilling machine to drill planting pits, wherein the pits are all 80.0 cm deep; transplanting with seedling protection cylinder (see fig. 2), wherein the transplanting depth is 80.0 cm, the bottom of the seedling protection cylinder is 80.0 cm below the ground surface, backfilling and compacting; the main stem is exposed out of the ground surface by 2.0-5.0 cm, and 1-2 twigs with the length of more than or equal to 5cm are arranged on the main stem. 500 plants are planted per mu.
Immediately watering for 2 times after transplanting, and completing the transplanting work.
(5) Effects of the implementation
The bamboo willow seedlings transplanted by the technical planting method are tested for more than 1 year, and more than 95% of transplanted seedlings survive through investigation statistics in 2018 and 4 months.
Example two:
(1) place of implementation
The method comprises the steps of selecting saline-alkali soil near Kurler city in Xinjiang, wherein the alkalinity of salt of the saline-alkali soil is 7.0-9.0 thousandths, sulfate radicals, chloride ions, sodium ions and the like are taken as main materials, the pH value is not less than 7.0, and the thickness of the saline-alkali soil is about 30.0 cm on average.
(2) Scale of implementation
10000 bamboo willow seedlings are cut and cultivated by adopting a seedling protection cylinder (see figure 1).
(3) Time of execution
Month 3 of 2017.
(4) Method of implementation
Selection of the seed ears and the seedling protection barrels: the method comprises the following steps of (1) uniformly growing selected bamboo willow spikes 30.0-35.0 cm (second type of spikes), enabling stems to be about 1.5 cm thick, enabling top openings to be cut flat, enabling top ends to be about 1.0 cm away from bud tips, enabling bottom openings to be cut into horseshoe shapes, preventing splitting, and enabling the upper ends of lower cuts to be located at the base parts of buds; the specification of the seedling protection cylinder is as follows: the height is 30.0 cm, the inner diameter is 8.0 cm, and the thickness of the cylinder wall is 2.0 mm.
Before cuttage, soaking the bamboo willow spikes in a water pool for 3 days, changing water every 24 hours, and soaking the bamboo willow spikes in 0.1% thiophanate methyl for 24 hours in the last day; the protective cylinder is filled with nutrient media, and the nutrient media comprise: desert sand, vermiculite, perlite, decomposed cattle and sheep manure, rooting agent and the like.
And (3) putting the bamboo willow spikes into a seedling raising protection barrel (paying attention to not to be placed upside down), filling nutrient media, and paying attention to make the spikes be positioned at the center of the barrel as much as possible and filling the nutrient media as much as possible. The seed ears are placed in a seedling raising protection cylinder with the depth of about 0-2.0 cm from the bottom, and 1-2 plants/cylinder are obtained.
Under the facility condition, the seedling raising protection cylinders filled with the bamboo willow spikes and the nutrient medium are arranged into a plurality of square matrixes according to the quantity of 1000 seedlings, a water-leakage-proof film or geotextile is padded on the lower portion of each square matrix, and the film or geotextile is stacked by soil around the square matrixes to form a pool with a certain height. The nutrient medium in the seedling protection cylinder is watered thoroughly 2 times a day, and a certain amount of water is also injected into the pond.
The management key points are as follows: air heat preservation and moisture preservation, the temperature in the facility is kept at about 25 ℃, and the humidity is kept at 50.0-70.0%; the humidity of the nutrient medium is kept at about 60%, and urea is applied for 1 time.
When the cutting shoots take roots and germinate in the protective cylinder and the tender branches grow to 3.0-5.0 cm, selecting the best tender branch on the upper part of each plant, and cutting off other tender branches from the base part.
And when the tender branches grow to 5.0-8.0 cm, transporting the seed ears together with the seedling culture protection cylinders to a transplanting field.
Adopting a pit drilling machine to drill planting pits, wherein the pits are 25.0 cm deep; transplanting with seedling protection cylinders (see figure 3), wherein the transplanting depth is 25.0 cm, the seedling protection cylinders are exposed out of soil about 5.0cm, soil is backfilled and the soil around the protection cylinders is compacted, 1-2 twigs with the length of more than or equal to 5.0cm are arranged on main stems, and the seedling protection cylinders can protect the stem base parts of the transplanted seedlings for 1-3 years. 500 plants are planted per mu.
Immediately watering for 2 times after transplanting, and completing the transplanting work.
(5) Effects of the implementation
The bamboo willow seedlings transplanted by the technical planting method are tested for more than 1 year, and more than 93% of transplanted seedlings survive through investigation statistics in the early 4 months of 2018.
The above results illustrate that: under the facility condition, firstly cutting bamboo willow spikes in a seedling protection cylinder for seedling cultivation, and transplanting the seedlings into the saline-alkali soil with the cylinder after the seedling cultivation is successful, wherein the method has the beneficial effects that: (1) because the salt and alkali resistance of the bamboo willows at the seedling stage is the worst, but the salt tolerance is gradually enhanced along with the increase of the seedling age, the salt tolerance of the bamboo willows can be enhanced through cuttage and delayed transplantation; (2) the root system of the bamboo willow seedling in the protective cylinder can be developed by cutting seedling firstly, and under the condition that the saline-alkali layer of the saline-alkali soil is not thick, the bamboo willow seedling is directly transplanted to a proper depth by adopting the seedling protective cylinder with the seedling, so that the root of the seedling can quickly extend into the soil layer with low salinity and alkalinity, the key problem that the root can not grow and survive due to the saline-alkali toxicity of direct cutting is avoided, and the planting survival rate is improved; (3) meanwhile, the seedling protection cylinder can also be used as a local salt and alkali removal measure to prevent the invasion of salt and alkali and form a small saline-alkali free area (an area in the seedling protection cylinder) at the root; (4) fertilizers, drought tolerance agents, salt and alkali resistance agents and the like can be added into the nutrient medium of the seedling protection cylinder, so that the planting survival rate is further improved; (5) the saline-alkali soil improvement method with high cost such as soil replacement, large application of soil conditioner and the like is avoided, and the cost is effectively reduced; (6) after the second type of seed ears are transplanted, the seedling protection cylinder can also play roles of preventing high-temperature stress of the surface layer of the ground, preventing wind and sand, preventing small animals from gnawing and the like on the seedlings, and the survival rate and the growth quantity are improved; (7) can realize annual transplanting planting of the bamboo willows. The planting method provided by the invention comprehensively and effectively improves the planting survival rate of the bamboo willows in the saline-alkali soil, becomes an effective way for treating the saline-alkali soil by planting the bamboo willows and realizing industrialization of the saline-alkali soil, and is an optimal scheme for treating the saline-alkali soil by planting the bamboo willows and realizing industrialization of the saline-alkali soil in the future.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present patent, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present patent.
Claims (8)
1. A method for improving the planting survival rate of bamboo willows in saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting and preparing bamboo willow spikes: cutting the top opening of the seed spike flat, wherein the distance between the top end and the bud tip is 0.8-1.2 cm, cutting the bottom opening into a horseshoe shape to prevent splitting, and selecting the upper end of a lower cut at the base of one bud; before cuttage, the bamboo willow spikes are not soaked, or the bamboo willow spikes are soaked in a water pool for 1-4 days, water is changed every 24 hours, and the bamboo willow spikes are soaked in thiophanate methyl with the concentration of 0.1% for 24 hours in the last day; the specifications of the bamboo willow spikes are selected in two categories: the first type has the length of 70.0-120.0 cm and the stem thickness of 1.0-3.0 cm; the second type has a length of 30.0-50.0 cm and a stem thickness of 1.0-4.0 cm;
(2) cuttage of bamboo willow seed spikes: putting the bamboo willow seed ears into a seedling protection cylinder, and simultaneously filling a nutrient medium, wherein the depth of the seed ears put into the seedling protection cylinder is 0-10.0 cm from the bottom of the cylinder; wherein the length of the branch of the first type of ear exposed out of the surface of the nutrient medium in the seedling culture protection cylinder is 20.0-100.0 cm, and the length of the branch of the second type of ear exposed out of the surface of the nutrient medium in the seedling culture protection cylinder is 1.0-30.0 cm, so that at least one bud tip is exposed out of the nutrient medium;
wherein the nutrient medium comprises desert sand, vermiculite, perlite, decomposed cattle and sheep manure and also comprises a growth regulator;
wherein, the seedling protection tube specification is: the height is 30.0-50.0 cm, the inner diameter is 6.0-12.0 cm, the wall thickness is 0.1-0.5 cm, and the cylinder wall and the cylinder bottom are provided with small holes for water to enter and exit and roots to stretch into soil;
(3) preparing a seed ear and seedling protection barrel: a nutrient medium is loaded in the protective cylinder, and the nutrient medium contains desert sand, vermiculite, perlite, decomposed cattle and sheep manure and a growth regulator;
(4) culturing under facility conditions: arranging seedling raising protection cylinders filled with bamboo willow spikes and nutrient media into a square matrix, padding a water-leakage-proof film or geotextile on the lower portion of the square matrix, and building the film or geotextile with soil around the square matrix to form a pool with a certain height; irrigating the nutrient medium in the seedling protection cylinder for 2-3 times every day to thoroughly remove water, and injecting a proper amount of water into the enclosure pool;
(5) transplanting, namely, after cutting shoots and sprouting in a protective cylinder, transplanting the cutting shoots into soil when the shoots grow to 5.0-10.0 cm, wherein for the first type of cutting shoots, ① transplanting seedlings bred by the first type of cutting shoots and the protective cylinder for seedling growing are transported to a transplanting field together, ②, digging planting pits with a hand-held hole drilling machine or digging planting pits with a soil digging machine, the pits or the pits are 70.0-100.0 cm deep, the pit diameter is more than 10.0 cm, transplanting is carried out with a seedling growing protective cylinder with ③ transplanting planting depth of 70.0-100.0 cm, the bottom of the seedling growing protective cylinder is kept at 70.0-100.0 cm below the ground surface, backfilling and compacting, 1.0-30.0 cm of main stem or branch is exposed out of the ground surface, 1-2 shoots with the length of more than or equal to 5.0cm are planted on the main stem, and the transplanting seedlings are transplanted with the seedling growing pits with the seedling growing protective cylinder for seedling growing, ① transplanting seedlings with the second type of seedling growing shoots and the seedling growing cylinders with the pits with the depth of more than 0.0-0 cm, and transplanting seedlings are transported to the soil digging pits with the seedling growing protective cylinder for seedling growing trees, the transplanting seedlings with the transplanting depth of 360-20 cm of the transplanting soil digging pits and the transplanting soil digging pit depth of the seedling growing protective cylinder for transplanting seedlings, wherein 3620 transplanting seedlings, the transplanting seedlings is more than 20-20 cm, the transplanting seedlings with the transplanting soil digging pits with the transplanting depth of the transplanting soil digging pit depth of.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the seedling protection tube is made of a detachable or degradable material.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the air in the facility is kept warm and moist, the temperature is kept between 20 and 30 ℃, the humidity is kept to be more than 50 percent, and the facility is protected from exposure to the sun; the humidity of the nutrient medium is kept above 50%, and topdressing and foliar fertilizer application are carried out, wherein the topdressing mainly comprises nitrogen fertilizer, and the foliar fertilizer mainly comprises spraying monopotassium phosphate and urea or biological fertilizer, so that pest control is further carried out.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transplanting is spring and autumn transplanting, and 150-1500 plants are planted per mu of transplanting.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the saline-alkali soil is selected in the transplanting field, the thickness of the saline-alkali soil is 30.0-120.0 cm, the salinity is more than 6.0 per mill, and the pH value is more than or equal to 7.0.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the shoots are trimmed or wiped off prior to transplantation, the top best 1-2 shoots are selected and the other shoots are trimmed or wiped off from the base.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the apical end is 1.0 cm from the shoot apex.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the bamboo willow spikes are soaked in a water pool for 1-3 days.
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| CN110521504B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Method for planting pasture in coastal saline-alkali slope land |
| CN111316827B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-12-21 | 新疆中泰纺织集团有限公司 | Bamboo willow planting method |
| CN111296159A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-19 | 新疆中泰纺织集团有限公司 | Method for planting bamboo willows in desert |
| CN111937661A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-17 | 神华国能集团有限公司 | Vegetation planting method suitable for arid saline-alkali soil coal mine area |
| CN112449978A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-09 | 湖南科技大学 | Propagation method of salt-tolerant Actinidia valvata Dunn seedlings |
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