CN108566203A - A kind of collecting method and device - Google Patents
A kind of collecting method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of collecting method and devices, wherein data acquisition device includes the signal receiving module for receiving acquisition signal, and further includes：Low-pass filtering module, for carrying out low-pass filtering operation to acquisition signal, to obtain filtering signal；Signal amplification module, for being amplified operation to filtering signal, to obtain amplified signal；Analog-to-digital conversion module, for amplified signal to be carried out analog-to-digital conversion operation, to obtain initial samples digital signal；Signal sampling module, for carrying out optimum signal-noise ratio signal screening operation to initial samples digital signal, to obtain final sampled digital signal；And output module, for exporting final sampled digital signal.By the invention it is possible to meet the data acquisition demand of the engineerings such as explosion, seismic monitoring dynamic test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering dynamic testing fields, and in particular, to a kind of collecting method and device.
Background technology
Currently, Dynamic Data Acquiring card be engineering dynamic test important equipment, voltage resolution, range, dynamic range,
Sample frequency is four Key Performance Indicators of Dynamic Data Acquiring card.Voltage resolution is higher, range is bigger, dynamic range more
Greatly, it can be arranged that sample frequency is bigger, then the performance of Dynamic Data Acquiring card is better.Currently, the electricity of Dynamic Data Acquiring card is improved
Press the method for resolution ratio, range, dynamic range performance mainly by improving A/D (analogue to digital, analog/digital turn
Changing) translation bit of chip is realized, but seniority top digit A/D chips can cause its sample frequency to drop due to the increase of conversion numerical digit
It is low.For example, the highest A/D chips of digit are 28 at present, sample frequency only up to reach 100Hz, cannot be satisfied big absolutely
The acquisition of partial dynamic signal, thus seldom used.
The existing higher Dynamic Data Acquiring card of performance is the Dynamic Data Acquiring card designed based on 24 A/D chips,
The voltage resolution of input signal can reach 0.000005 volt, range can reach 5 volts, dynamic range can reach
120dB, sample frequency can reach 5000Hz.
However, in engineering dynamic signal testing, it is frequently encountered that need to acquire range may be more than 5 volts or even up to tens
Signal of volt, such as explosion, macroseism, impact vibration etc. can also encounter and need to acquire very faint signal, such as seismic monitoring
Micro- signals that shake such as earth tremor monitoring, rock rupture and the faulted belt activity in field.It is existing based on the design of 24 A/D chips
The range of Dynamic Data Acquiring card, voltage resolution, dynamic range also fail to fully meet the dynamic acquisition of these signals.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of collecting method and device, with solve it is above-mentioned refer at least one ask
Topic.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of data acquisition device, which includes for receiving acquisition letter
Number signal receiving module, which further includes：Low-pass filtering module, for carrying out low-pass filtering operation to acquisition signal, with
Obtain filtering signal；Signal amplification module, for being amplified operation to filtering signal, to obtain amplified signal；Analog-to-digital conversion
Module, for amplified signal to be carried out analog-to-digital conversion operation, to obtain initial samples digital signal；Signal sampling module, is used for
Optimum signal-noise ratio signal screening operation is carried out to initial samples digital signal, to obtain final sampled digital signal；And output
Module, for exporting final sampled digital signal.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of collecting method is additionally provided, this method includes：Receive acquisition letter
Number and to acquisition signal carry out low-pass filtering operation, to obtain filtering signal；Operation is amplified to filtering signal, to be put
Big signal；Amplified signal is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion operation, to obtain initial samples digital signal；To initial samples digital signal into
Row optimum signal-noise ratio signal screening operates, to obtain final sampled digital signal；And the final sampled digital signal of output.
The technical solution provided through the invention can improve the voltage resolution, range, dynamic model of Dynamic Data Acquiring
These three Key Performance Indicators are enclosed, so as to meet the needs of engineerings such as explosion, impact vibration, seismic monitoring dynamic test.
Description of the drawings
By referring to the drawings to the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the above and other purposes of the present invention, feature and
Advantage will be apparent from, in the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of data acquisition device according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the preferred structure block diagram of data acquisition device according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of signal sampling module 105 according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the concrete structure block diagram of data acquisition device according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of collecting method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Below based on embodiment, present invention is described, but the present invention is not restricted to these embodiments.
The Key Performance Indicators such as voltage resolution, the range of Dynamic Data Acquiring card due to existing superior performance are still
The demand that the dynamic test of the engineerings such as explosion, impact vibration, seismic monitoring can not be fully met, is based on this, the embodiment of the present invention carries
For a kind of data acquisition device, the device is while keeping high sample frequency, additionally it is possible to improve voltage resolution, range, move
These three Key Performance Indicators of state range are tested so as to meet the engineerings such as above-mentioned explosion, impact vibration, seismic monitoring dynamic
Demand.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of data acquisition device according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the device 1 includes：
Signal receiving module 101, low-pass filtering module 102, signal amplification module 103, analog-to-digital conversion module 104, signal sampling module
105 and output module 106, wherein：
Signal receiving module 101 is for receiving acquisition signal；
Low-pass filtering module 102 is used to carry out low-pass filtering operation to acquisition signal, to obtain filtering signal；
Signal amplification module 103 to filtering signal for being amplified operation, to obtain amplified signal；
Analog-to-digital conversion module 104 is used to amplified signal carrying out analog-to-digital conversion operation, to obtain initial samples digital signal；
Signal sampling module 105 is used to carry out optimum signal-noise ratio signal screening operation to initial samples digital signal, with
To final sampled digital signal；And
Output module 106, for exporting final sampled digital signal.
Operation is amplified to filtered acquisition signal by signal amplification module 103, analog-to-digital conversion module 104 is to putting
Signal after big carries out analog-to-digital conversion, carries out best noise to the digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion by signal sampling module again later
Operated than signal screening, to obtain final sampled digital signal, compared with the prior art in designed based on 24 A/D chips
Dynamic Data Acquiring card, the data acquisition device in the embodiment of the present invention can improve voltage resolution, range, dynamic range
These three Key Performance Indicators, so as to meet the needs of engineerings such as explosion, impact vibration, seismic monitoring dynamic test.
In practical operation, put as shown in Fig. 2, the data acquisition device in the embodiment of the present invention may include N number of signal
Big module 103 and N number of analog-to-digital conversion module 104, wherein the amplification coefficient of each signal amplification module is different, and N is more than 1
Integer.
Above-mentioned signal sampling module 105 specifically includes useful signal shown in Fig. 3 screening implementation sub-module 1051 and best
Signal-to-noise ratio screens implementation sub-module 1052, wherein：
Useful signal screens implementation sub-module 1051 and is used to carry out effectively initial samples digital signal according to predetermined threshold value
Signal screening operates, to obtain useful signal；Specifically, useful signal screening implementation sub-module 1051 believes initial samples number
Number digital quantity sequence in data of each absolute value except predetermined threshold value be set as 0, absolute value is default
Data within threshold value are constant；
Optimum signal-noise ratio screens implementation sub-module 1052 and is used to carry out optimum signal-noise ratio to useful signal according to amplification coefficient
Screening operation, to obtain final sampled digital signal；Specifically, the often row maximum value in the digital quantity sequence of useful signal is obtained
Data；Then often divide operations will be carried out with corresponding amplification coefficient by row maximum value data, to obtain final sampled digital signal
Digital quantity sequence.
In practical operation, data acquisition device may include several above-mentioned structures shown in FIG. 1, that is to say, that number
It may include plurality of passages according to harvester, acquire different signals respectively.For example, as shown in figure 4, the data acquisition device packet
3 channels are included, acquire 3 road signals respectively, every group of harvester includes 3 signal amplification modules and 3 analog-to-digital conversion modules.This
In analog-to-digital conversion module 24 A/D chips may be used, and combine several resistance and capacitance.
This is described in detail below in conjunction with data acquisition device shown in Fig. 4 in embodiment for a better understanding of the present invention
Inventive embodiments.As shown in figure 4, the data acquisition device includes：
A1：1st channel input signal filter module, for carrying out preliminary low-pass filtering, the mould to the 1st channel input signal
Block can be a passive low ventilating filter, can be made of a large bulk capacitance.
B1：1st tunnel in the 1st channel samples pre-amplifying module, for the 1st channel to be amplified and improved to input signal
Input impedance, which can be 1 amplification, 1000 times of amplifying circuit, can be by the mating several resistance of an amplification chip
It constitutes.
B2：2nd tunnel in the 1st channel samples pre-amplifying module, for the 1st channel to be amplified and improved to input signal
Input impedance, which can be 1 amplification, 10 times of amplifying circuit, can be by the mating several resistance structures of an amplification chip
At.
B3：3rd tunnel in the 1st channel samples pre-amplifying module, for the 1st channel to be amplified and improved to input signal
Input impedance, which can be 1 amplification, 0.1 times of amplifying circuit, can be by the mating several resistance of an amplification chip
It constitutes.
C1：The 1st road sampling module in the 1st channel, for passing through A1 module filtereds and B1 modules to the 1st channel input signal
Amplified signal is sampled, it is made to be converted to numerical sequence signal, which can be made of 24 A/D chips.
C2：The 2nd road sampling module in the 1st channel, for passing through A1 module filtereds and B2 modules to the 1st channel input signal
Amplified signal is sampled, it is made to be converted to numerical sequence signal, which can be made of 24 A/D chips.
C3：The 3rd road sampling module in the 1st channel, for passing through A1 module filtereds and B3 modules to the 1st channel input signal
Amplified signal is sampled, it is made to be converted to numerical sequence signal, which can also be made of 24 A/D chips.
In practical operation, the function and circuit of these three sampling modules of C1, C2, C3 can be identical, can use 1
Several mating resistance of ADS1278IPAP chips and capacitance are constituted.The 24 of 4 autonomous workings of ADS1278IPAP integrated chips
The encapsulation such as anti alias filter of position A/D chips, signal, may be implemented the A/D high-speed synchronous sampling of 24, most 4 tunnels.
A2：2nd channel input signal filter module, for carrying out preliminary low-pass filtering to the 2nd channel input signal, with A1
Similarly, which can also be a passive low ventilating filter to module, can be made of a large bulk capacitance.
B4：1st tunnel in the 2nd channel samples pre-amplifying module, for the 2nd channel to be amplified and improved to input signal
Input impedance, similarly with B1 modules, which can be 1 amplification, 1000 times of amplifying circuit, can be put by one
The mating several resistance of large chip are constituted.
B5：2nd tunnel in the 2nd channel samples pre-amplifying module, for the 2nd channel to be amplified and improved to input signal
Input impedance, similarly with B2 modules, which can be 1 amplification, 10 times of amplifying circuit, can be by an amplification core
The mating several resistance of piece are constituted.
B6：3rd tunnel in the 2nd channel samples pre-amplifying module, for the 2nd channel to be amplified and improved to input signal
Input impedance, similarly with B3 modules, which can be 1 amplification, 0.1 times of amplifying circuit, can be by an amplification core
The mating several resistance of piece are constituted.
C4：The 1st road sampling module in the 2nd channel, for passing through A2 module filtereds and B4 modules to the 2nd channel input signal
Amplified signal is sampled, it is made to be converted to numerical sequence signal, which can be made of 24 A/D chips.
C5：The 2nd road sampling module in the 2nd channel, for passing through A2 module filtereds and B5 modules to the 2nd channel input signal
Amplified signal is sampled, it is made to be converted to numerical sequence signal, which can be made of 24 A/D chips.
C6：The 3rd road sampling module in the 2nd channel, for passing through A2 module filtereds and B6 modules to the 2nd channel input signal
Amplified signal is sampled, it is made to be converted to numerical sequence signal, which can be made of 24 A/D chips.
In practical operation, the function and circuit of these three sampling modules of C4, C5, C6 can be identical, can use 1
Several mating resistance of ADS1278IPAP chips and capacitance are constituted.The 24 of 4 autonomous workings of ADS1278IPAP integrated chips
The encapsulation such as anti alias filter of position A/D chips, signal, realize the A/D high-speed synchronous sampling of 24, most 4 tunnels.
A3：3rd channel input signal filter module, for carrying out preliminary low-pass filtering to the 3rd channel input signal, with A1
Similarly with A2 modules, A3 modules can be a passive low ventilating filter, can be made of a large bulk capacitance.
In practical operation, the function and circuit of these three modules of A1, A2, A3 can be identical, can by 1 50V,
The courage capacitance composition passive low ventilating filter of 2uF, 0.1% precision.
B7：1st tunnel in the 3rd channel samples pre-amplifying module, for the 3rd channel to be amplified and improved to input signal
Input impedance, similarly with B1 modules, which can be 1 amplification, 1000 times of amplifying circuit, can be amplified by one
The mating several resistance of chip are constituted.
In practical operation, the function and circuit of these three sampling pre-amplifying modules of B1, B4, B7 can be identical, all may be used
It is smart with Chip-R, 2 1G ohms 0.1% for being encapsulated by mating 2 1M ohms, 0.1% precision 0603 of 1 OP07D amplification chip
The Chip-R of 0603 encapsulation of degree constitutes 1 amplification, 1000 times of pre-amplification circuits that can reach 1M ohm with input impedance.
B8：2nd tunnel in the 3rd channel samples pre-amplifying module, for the 3rd channel to be amplified and improved to input signal
Input impedance, similarly with B2 modules, which can be 1 amplification, 10 times of amplifying circuit, can be by an amplification core
The mating several resistance of piece are constituted.
In practical operation, the function and circuit of these three sampling pre-amplifying modules of B2, B5, B8 can also be identical, all
Can by Chip-R that mating 2 1M ohms, 0.1% precision 0603 of 1 OP07D amplification chip encapsulates, 2 10M ohm
The Chip-R of 0.1% precision 0603 encapsulation constitutes 1 10 times of amplification and can reach 1M ohm of pre-amplification circuits with input impedance.
B9：3rd tunnel in the 3rd channel samples pre-amplifying module, for the 3rd channel to be amplified and improved to input signal
Input impedance, similarly with B3 modules, which can be 1 amplification, 0.1 times of amplifying circuit, can be by an amplification core
The mating several resistance of piece are constituted.
In practical operation, the function and circuit of these three sampling pre-amplifying modules of B3, B6, B9 can also be identical, all
Can by Chip-R that mating 2 1M ohms, 0.1% precision 0603 of 1 OP07D amplification chip encapsulates, 2 100K ohm
The Chip-R of 0.1% precision 0603 encapsulation constitutes 1 0.1 times of amplification and can reach 1M ohm of preposition amplifications electricity with input impedance
Road.
C7：The 1st road sampling module in the 3rd channel, for passing through A3 module filtereds and B7 modules to the 3rd channel input signal
Amplified signal is sampled, it is made to be converted to numerical sequence signal, which can be made of 24 A/D chips.
C8：The 2nd road sampling module in the 3rd channel, for passing through A3 module filtereds and B8 modules to the 3rd channel input signal
Amplified signal is sampled, it is made to be converted to numerical sequence signal, which can be made of 24 A/D chips.
C9：The 3rd road sampling module in the 3rd channel, for passing through A3 module filtereds and B9 modules to the 3rd channel input signal
Amplified signal is sampled, it is made to be converted to numerical sequence signal, which can be made of 24 A/D chips.
In practical operation, the function and circuit of these three sampling modules of C7, C8, C9 can be identical, can use 1
Several mating resistance of ADS1278IPAP chips and capacitance are constituted.The 24 of 4 autonomous workings of ADS1278IPAP integrated chips
The encapsulation such as anti alias filter of position A/D chips, signal, realize the A/D high-speed synchronous sampling of 24, most 4 tunnels.
T：The Logic control module of each sampling module, for controlling C1 to the working condition of C9 modules, which can be by 1
The mating scheduled peripheral resistance of a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller, programmable logic controller (PLC)) chip and
Capacitance is constituted.In practical operation, T module can be using the mating several peripheral resistance of 1 LPC2378FBD144 chip and electricity
Hold the Digital Logic control circuit constituted.
D：Memory module, it is initial to the transformed numerical sequence signal of C9 modules and data acquisition device for caching C1
Parameter value, the module can be made of the mating peripheral resistance of 1 FLASH cache chip and capacitance.In practical operation, D-module
The 1M data caching circuits that can be made of CY7C1019DV33 chips, mating periphery capacitance, resistance.
F：Control module is mainly used for controlling the working condition of T module, D-module, E modules.Specifically, for reading D moulds
The data of block storage judge and sieve to the optimum signal-noise ratio of the numerical sequence signal after the three tunnel amplified signal samplings in each channel
Choosing, and E modules are sent result to, and for receiving data and processing from E modules.F modules can be by an ARM core
Piece and mating peripheral resistance are constituted with capacitance.In practical operation, F modules can be by 1 MT48LC32M16A2TG-75 core
The mating peripheral resistance of piece, 1 SD2505API clock chip and capacitance are constituted.
E：Communication module for receiving the data from F modules and transfer data to upper layer host, and receives upper layer
The operational order that host is sent, the E modules can be by a network communication chip, RJ45 interfaces and mating peripheral resistance and electricity
Hold and constitutes.In practical operation, E modules can by 1 DP83848I Ethernet PHY chip and HR911105A type RJ45 network interfaces,
Mating periphery capacitance, resistance are constituted.
V1：Voltage stabilizing module, is filtered for the 12V power supplies to data acquisition device and steady pressure treatment, protection are electric
The impact to each chip in device is fluctuated in source, which can be by linear DC (Direct Current, a direct current) voltage stabilizing mould
Block and mating peripheral resistance and capacitance are constituted.For example, V1 modules can by the mating peripheral resistance of LM2596S linear voltage stabilization modules and
Capacitance is constituted.
V2：Voltage reduction module, for being depressured to 5V to V1 module output voltages, to C1 to C9 module for power supply, which can be with
It is made of 12 turns of 5V, the mating peripheral resistance of 12 turns of 3.3V linear voltage decreasing modules and capacitance.In practical operation, V2 moulds
Block can be by 1 LM1085IT-ADJ, 1 LP3873ES-5, the mating periphery electricity of 1 LP3873ES-3.3 linear voltage decreasing module
The three-level reduction voltage circuit that resistance and capacitance are constituted.
V3：DC-DC (DC to DC) conversion module is given for being converted to positive and negative 12V voltages to V1 module output voltages
To B9 module for power supply, which can be become a full member the mating peripheral resistance of linear DC-DC module and capacitance structure of negative 12V B1 by 1 12V
At.In practical operation, V3 modules can be made of the mating peripheral capacitance of 1 VRA1212S-3W module and resistance.
The optimum signal-noise ratio that F control modules described in detail below execute judges and screening operation, for convenience, below
By taking the 1st channel as an example, the optimum signal-noise ratio of three railway digital sequence signals after the 1st channel signal sampling of description F control modules pair
Signal judges and the technical solution of screening.
In the 1st channel, the sample frequency that C1 to C3 modules is arranged is consistent, it is assumed that the period of sampling is Δ t, enables the 1st to lead to
The signal that input signal X (t) is input to three road sampling modules after the preposition amplification in three tunnels in road is respectively：
Assuming that the digital quantity sequence after the sampling of C1, C2, C3 sampling module is respectively Y1,Y2,Y3, then
Specifically optimum signal-noise ratio signal judges and screening step is as follows：
1st step：Useful signal screening is carried out, the threshold range MAX1 (maximum value) and MIN1 that useful signal is arranged are (minimum
Value), then the value to absolute value in matrix more than MAX1 or less than MIN1 is substituted with 0.When specific operation, MAX1 could be provided as
4.99, MIN1 could be provided as 0.000005.
2nd step：Optimum signal-noise ratio screening is carried out, the maximum value data of each row of data is extracted in the matrix that the 1st step obtains,
The maximum value of each row is if it is positioned at the 1st row, then divided by the amplification factor of B1 modules 1000, if it is positioned at the 2nd row, then divided by
The amplification factor 10 of B2 modules, if it is the 3rd row, then divided by the amplification factor of B3 modules 0.1.
The final sampling Serial No. Y ' in the 1st channel is obtained after above two step：
The final sampling Serial No. in the 2nd, 3 channels can be obtained in the same way.
Operation is amplified to filtered signal by above-mentioned sampling pre-amplifying module, sampling module is to amplified
Signal carries out analog-to-digital conversion, carries out optimum signal-noise ratio signal screening to the digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion by control module again later
Operation, to obtain finally sampling Serial No., compared with the prior art in Dynamic Data Acquiring card, in the embodiment of the present invention
Data acquisition device can improve three voltage resolution, range, dynamic range Key Performance Indicators, it is quick-fried so as to meet
The demand of the engineerings such as broken, impact vibration, seismic monitoring dynamic test.
Based on similar inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of collecting method, can be applied to above-mentioned
Data acquisition device.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the collecting method, as shown in figure 5, this method includes：
Step 501, it receives acquisition signal and low-pass filtering operation is carried out to acquisition signal, to obtain filtering signal；
Step 502, operation is amplified to filtering signal, to obtain amplified signal；
Step 503, amplified signal is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion operation, to obtain initial samples digital signal；
Step 504, optimum signal-noise ratio signal screening operation is carried out to initial samples digital signal, to obtain final hits
Word signal；And
Step 505, final sampled digital signal is exported.
By being amplified operation to filtered signal, and analog-to-digital conversion is carried out to amplified signal, it is right again later
Digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion carries out optimum signal-noise ratio signal screening operation and is compared to obtain final sampled digital signal
Data acquisition side in the Dynamic Data Acquiring card in the prior art based on the design of 24 A/D chips, the embodiment of the present invention
Case can improve three voltage resolution, range, dynamic range Key Performance Indicators, so as to meet explosion, impact vibration,
The demand of the engineerings such as seismic monitoring dynamic test.
In specific implementation process, the number of executions of amplifieroperation and analog-to-digital conversion operation can be respectively n times, wherein
The amplification coefficient of each amplifieroperation is different, and N is the integer more than 1.
Above-mentioned steps 504 carry out the operation of optimum signal-noise ratio signal screening to initial samples digital signal：
(1) useful signal screening operation is carried out to initial samples digital signal according to predetermined threshold value, to obtain useful signal；
Specifically, data of each absolute value in the digital quantity sequence of initial samples digital signal except predetermined threshold value are set
It is set to 0, data of the absolute value within predetermined threshold value are constant；
(2) optimum signal-noise ratio screening operation is carried out to useful signal according to amplification coefficient, to obtain finally sampling number letter
Number；Specifically, obtain the often row maximum value data in the digital quantity sequence of useful signal, and will often row maximum value data with it is right
The amplification coefficient answered carries out divide operations, to obtain the digital quantity sequence of final sampled digital signal.
Since the principle that this method solves the problems, such as is similar to data acquisition device, the implementation of this method may refer to count
According to the implementation of harvester, overlaps will not be repeated.
Data acquisition plan provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by being amplified, analog-to-digital conversion, most preferably believing to acquisition signal
It makes an uproar than operations such as signal screenings, the multinomial key index performance of dynamic acquisition card can be improved, voltage signal differentiates rate theory
On can improve 1000 times, can reach 0.000000005 volt；Maximum range can theoretically improve 10 times, can reach 50 volts；It is dynamic
State range can theoretically improve 80dB, can reach 200dB.Therefore, data acquisition plan provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be with
Applied to the dynamic acquisition of the random signal of Larger Dynamic range in engineering, it is difficult to especially suitable for test signal variation range
The occasion of prediction, such as explosion, macroseism occasion can also be applied to the acquisition of the micro-vibration signals such as structure pulsation, earth tremor.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
For, the present invention can have various modifications and changes.It is all within spirit and principles of the present invention made by any modification, equivalent
Replace, improve etc., it should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of data acquisition device, described device includes the signal receiving module for receiving acquisition signal, which is characterized in that
Described device further includes：
Low-pass filtering module, for carrying out low-pass filtering operation to the acquisition signal, to obtain filtering signal；
Signal amplification module, for being amplified operation to the filtering signal, to obtain amplified signal；
Analog-to-digital conversion module, for the amplified signal to be carried out analog-to-digital conversion operation, to obtain initial samples digital signal；
Signal sampling module, for carrying out optimum signal-noise ratio signal screening operation to the initial samples digital signal, to obtain
Final sampled digital signal；And
Output module, for exporting the final sampled digital signal.
2. data acquisition device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described device includes N number of signal amplification
Module and N number of analog-to-digital conversion module, wherein the amplification coefficient of each signal amplification module is different, and N is the integer more than 1.
3. data acquisition device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the signal sampling module includes：
Useful signal screens implementation sub-module, for carrying out useful signal to the initial samples digital signal according to predetermined threshold value
Screening operation, to obtain useful signal；
Optimum signal-noise ratio screens implementation sub-module, for carrying out optimum signal-noise ratio screening to the useful signal according to amplification coefficient
Operation, to obtain the final sampled digital signal.
4. data acquisition device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
The useful signal screening implementation sub-module carries out the useful signal screening operation in the following way：
By data of the absolute value in the digital quantity sequence of the initial samples digital signal except the predetermined threshold value
It is set as 0；
The optimum signal-noise ratio screening implementation sub-module carries out the optimum signal-noise ratio screening operation in the following way：
Obtain the often row maximum value data in the digital quantity sequence of the useful signal；
To divide operations often be carried out with corresponding amplification coefficient by row maximum value data, to obtain the final sampled digital signal
Digital quantity sequence.
5. data acquisition device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described device further includes：
Logic control module, the working condition for controlling N number of analog-to-digital conversion module.
6. data acquisition device according to any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the analog-to-digital conversion module
Including 24 A/D chips.
7. a kind of collecting method, which is characterized in that the method includes：
It receives acquisition signal and low-pass filtering operation is carried out to the acquisition signal, to obtain filtering signal；
Operation is amplified to the filtering signal, to obtain amplified signal；
The amplified signal is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion operation, to obtain initial samples digital signal；
Optimum signal-noise ratio signal screening operation is carried out to the initial samples digital signal, to obtain final sampled digital signal；
And
Export the final sampled digital signal.
8. collecting method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the amplifieroperation and analog-to-digital conversion behaviour
The number of executions of work is respectively n times, wherein the amplification coefficient of each amplifieroperation is different, and N is the integer more than 1.
9. collecting method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that carried out most to the initial samples digital signal
Good signal-noise ratio signal screening operation includes：
Useful signal screening operation is carried out to the initial samples digital signal according to predetermined threshold value, to obtain useful signal；
Optimum signal-noise ratio screening operation is carried out to the useful signal according to amplification coefficient, to obtain the final sampling number letter
Number.
10. collecting method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that
The useful signal screening operation is carried out in the following way：
By data of the absolute value in the digital quantity sequence of the initial samples digital signal except the predetermined threshold value
It is set as 0；
The optimum signal-noise ratio screening operation is carried out in the following way：
Obtain the often row maximum value data in the digital quantity sequence of the useful signal；
To divide operations often be carried out with corresponding amplification coefficient by row maximum value data, to obtain the final sampled digital signal
Digital quantity sequence.
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