CN108565084B - Novel series gap composite insulation metal oxide lightning arrester - Google Patents
Novel series gap composite insulation metal oxide lightning arrester Download PDFInfo
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- CN108565084B CN108565084B CN201810609381.1A CN201810609381A CN108565084B CN 108565084 B CN108565084 B CN 108565084B CN 201810609381 A CN201810609381 A CN 201810609381A CN 108565084 B CN108565084 B CN 108565084B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
- H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors; Arresters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel series gap composite insulation metal oxide lightning arrester which comprises a hollow insulation pipe (2), an umbrella group sleeve (3) coated on the outer side wall of the hollow insulation pipe, a first metal end plate (4) and a second metal end plate (5) which are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow insulation pipe, a pneumatic cylinder (6) axially arranged in the hollow insulation pipe from top to bottom, a discharge gap structure (7) and zinc oxide resistor sheets (8) which are arranged in a stacked mode, wherein gaps (9) are formed between the outer side walls of the pneumatic cylinder and the zinc oxide resistor sheets and the inner side walls of the hollow insulation pipe. The invention adopts the novel series gap composite insulating metal oxide arrester, so that in normal operation, the operation voltage and the lightning stroke overvoltage allowed by the electrical equipment can not be applied to the zinc oxide resistor sheet, the phenomena of electric aging and thermal destruction caused by long-term electrification of the zinc oxide resistor sheet are avoided, and meanwhile, the follow current arc phenomenon between the series gaps after the overvoltage disappears can be prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of overvoltage protection of power transmission and transformation equipment of a power system, in particular to a novel series gap composite insulation metal oxide arrester.
Background
Lightning arresters are used to protect electrical equipment in an electrical power system from lightning overvoltage or from internal overvoltage damage caused by operation of the equipment, and are important protection equipment in relation to safe and stable operation of the electrical power system. With the increase of voltage class, the problems of lightning overvoltage and operation overvoltage become more and more prominent, and the improvement of the operation performance of the lightning arrester is particularly important.
The prior gapless metal oxide arrester is generally in structure that a plurality of resistance sheets are overlapped between two metal electrodes, and no intermediate gap exists. When the voltage is normal, the surge current is grounded through the resistor disc, and the voltage drop of the resistor disc is maintained within a certain range due to the nonlinear characteristic of the surge current, so that the overvoltage amplitude on the electrical equipment connected with the lightning arrester in parallel is limited, and the electrical equipment is protected. However, with the increase of the operation time, the metal oxide arrester with the structure gradually has degradation and aging phenomena under the action of power frequency or direct current voltage which runs for a long time, intermittent lightning stroke overvoltage and operation overvoltage, so that the resistive current is increased, the active power is increased, the long-term thermal effect is obviously increased, the gas pressure and the temperature in the arrester are gradually increased, and the thermal damage of the arrester is caused when the temperature exceeds a certain limit value for a long time.
The traditional series gap lightning arrester keeps an insulating state during normal operation due to the series gap, so that long-term electrified operation of the zinc oxide resistor disc is avoided. When lightning overvoltage or operation overvoltage exceeding the allowable system appears, the series gap is electrically broken down to form a discharge arc, the impact current is grounded through the zinc oxide resistor disc, and the voltage limiting characteristic of the zinc oxide resistor disc acts, so that the electrical equipment connected in parallel with the lightning arrester is protected. Although the duration of the overvoltage phenomenon is short, in the process, since the operation voltage always acts on the series gaps, after the overvoltage disappears, the discharge arc between the series gaps cannot be extinguished, so that a follow current arc phenomenon is formed, and the series gaps cannot be restored to an insulating state. At this time, the discharge arc is continuously burned, so that the internal temperature and air pressure of the lightning arrester are rapidly increased in a short time until explosion occurs, and the safe and stable operation of the power system is seriously affected.
Therefore, it is needed to develop a novel series gap composite insulation metal oxide arrester to avoid the problem that the conventional gapless metal oxide arrester is easy to cause electrical aging of a resistor sheet and further cause thermal damage, and simultaneously solve the problem of follow current arc of the arrester adopting the series gap after the overvoltage disappears.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a novel series gap composite insulating metal oxide arrester, so that the problems that a traditional gapless metal oxide arrester is easy to cause electrical aging of a resistor sheet and further cause thermal damage are avoided, meanwhile, the follow current arc problem of the traditional series gap arrester after overvoltage disappears can be solved, and the service life and the performance reliability of the metal oxide arrester are improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a novel serial gap composite insulation metal oxide arrester, this arrester includes hollow insulating tube, cladding umbrella crowd cover on hollow insulating tube lateral wall, set up respectively in first metal end plate and the second metal end plate at both ends about hollow insulating tube, top-down axial set up in the pneumatic cylinder in the hollow insulating tube, discharge gap structure and at least two zinc oxide resistance card that range upon range of setting, form the clearance between pneumatic cylinder and zinc oxide resistance card lateral wall all and the hollow insulating tube inside wall, the pneumatic cylinder upper end is connected with first metal end plate, zinc oxide resistance card lower extreme is located on the second metal end plate.
Preferably, the discharge gap structure comprises a first discharge electrode and a second discharge electrode which are axially and separately arranged along the hollow insulating tube, a serial gap of a lightning arrester is formed between the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode, the first discharge electrode is matched with the pneumatic cylinder, the first discharge electrode is a piston rod piece of the pneumatic cylinder, and one end part of the second discharge electrode is arranged at the upper end of the zinc oxide resistor disc.
Preferably, the pneumatic cylinder, the discharge gap structure and the zinc oxide resistor sheet are coaxially arranged with the hollow insulating tube.
Preferably, the gap is filled with a gas insulating medium.
Preferably, the pneumatic cylinder is filled with an insulating gas.
Preferably, the materials of the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode are high-temperature resistant alloy materials.
Preferably, the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode have a geometrically symmetric electrode structure.
Preferably, the hollow insulating tube is a hollow cylindrical tube, and the hollow insulating tube is made of a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the hollow insulating tube is also provided with a high-temperature resistant coating.
Based on the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:
1. the novel series gap composite insulation metal oxide arrester is adopted, the first metal end plate, the pneumatic cylinder, the discharge gap structure, the zinc oxide resistor disc and the second metal end plate which are arranged in a stacked manner can form a series structure, so that in the normal operation process, the operation voltage and the lightning stroke overvoltage allowed by the electrical equipment can not be applied to the zinc oxide resistor disc, the phenomena of electric aging and thermal damage caused by long-term electrification of the zinc oxide resistor disc are avoided, the service life and the performance reliability of the metal oxide arrester can be improved, and the safe and stable operation of an electric power system is ensured to a certain extent.
2. When overvoltage occurs, a discharge arc is generated between the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode, the series structure forms a conductive path, the nonlinear characteristic of the zinc oxide resistor disc is exerted, the overvoltage amplitude is limited, one end of the first discharge electrode is connected with the pneumatic cylinder and performs a piston motion in the pneumatic cylinder, one end of the second discharge electrode is arranged at the upper end of the zinc oxide resistor disc, partial high air pressure caused by the discharge arc between the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode pushes the first discharge electrode to move upwards, the gap distance of a series gap between the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode is increased, rapid arc extinction of the discharge arc is facilitated, and a follow current arc phenomenon after the overvoltage disappears is avoided.
3. The gas insulating medium is filled in the gap, so that the electric insulation strength of the internal space of the lightning arrester is enhanced, the gas insulating medium has good arc extinguishing performance, when a discharge arc is generated between the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode, the discharge arc can be extinguished through the gas insulating medium, meanwhile, the heat conduction and diffusion can be accelerated by utilizing the fluidity of the gas insulating medium, and the local temperature rise caused by the discharge arc is restrained.
4. According to the invention, the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode are made of high-temperature resistant alloy materials, so that the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode have excellent arc burning resistance, and the service lives of the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode are ensured.
5. In the invention, the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode both adopt geometrically symmetrical electrode structures, so that the discharge gap structure can obtain stable arc discharge performance.
6. The hollow insulating tube is made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials, has the advantages of light weight and high strength, is also provided with a high-temperature resistant coating on the inner side wall, can resist the heat damage of the hollow insulating tube caused by the high temperature of discharge arc, and plays a role in protecting the hollow insulating tube.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the novel series gap composite insulation metal oxide arrester of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first discharge electrode and a second discharge electrode of example 1 of the novel series gap composite insulated metal oxide arrester of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the combination of the hollow insulating tube of the present invention with a high temperature resistant coating.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first discharge electrode and a second discharge electrode of example 2 of the novel tandem gap composite insulation metal oxide arrester of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a first discharge electrode and a second discharge electrode of example 3 of the novel tandem gap composite insulation metal oxide arrester of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the lightning arrester comprises a lightning arrester body, a hollow insulating tube, an umbrella group sleeve, a first metal end plate, a second metal end plate, a pneumatic cylinder, a series gap, a zinc oxide resistor sheet, a gap, a first discharge electrode, a second discharge electrode, a high-temperature resistant coating, a gas insulating medium and insulating gas.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the novel series gap composite insulation metal oxide lightning arrester 1 comprises a hollow insulation tube 2, an umbrella group sleeve 3 coated on the outer side wall of the hollow insulation tube 2, a first metal end plate 4 and a second metal end plate 5 respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow insulation tube 2, a pneumatic cylinder 6 axially arranged in the hollow insulation tube 2 from top to bottom, a discharge gap structure and at least two zinc oxide resistor pieces 8 which are arranged in a stacked mode, gaps 9 are formed between the outer side walls of the pneumatic cylinder 6 and the zinc oxide resistor pieces 8 and the inner side wall of the hollow insulation tube 2, the upper end of the pneumatic cylinder 6 is connected with the first metal end plate 4, and the lower end of the zinc oxide resistor pieces 8 are arranged on the second metal end plate 5.
The discharge gap structure comprises a first discharge electrode 10 and a second discharge electrode 11 which are axially and separately arranged along the hollow insulating tube 2, a series gap 7 of a lightning arrester is formed between the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11, the first discharge electrode 10 is matched with the pneumatic cylinder 6, the first discharge electrode 10 is a piston rod piece of the pneumatic cylinder 6, the first discharge electrode 10 plays a role of the piston rod piece in the pneumatic cylinder 6 and can do piston movement in the pneumatic cylinder 6, and one end part of the second discharge electrode 11 is arranged at the upper end of the zinc oxide resistor disc 8.
The lightning arrester 1 is connected with the electrical equipment in parallel, the first metal end plate 4 and the second metal end plate 5 are respectively and electrically connected with high potential and ground potential, and a discharge gap structure is arranged, so that lightning overvoltage and operation overvoltage allowed by normal operation voltage and the electrical equipment cannot be applied to the zinc oxide resistor 8, and the phenomena of electrical aging and thermal damage caused by long-term electrification of the zinc oxide resistor 8 are avoided. When lightning overvoltage or operation overvoltage which exceeds the electric equipment allows occurs, the discharge gap structure is electrically broken down, a discharge arc is generated between the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11, so that the first metal end plate 4, the pneumatic cylinder 6, the discharge gap structure, the zinc oxide resistor sheets 8 and the second metal end plate 5 which are arranged in a stacked manner form a series structure, the series structure forms a conductive path, impact current goes into the ground through the zinc oxide resistor sheets 8, the nonlinear characteristic of the zinc oxide resistor sheets 8 is exerted, the overall voltage of the conductive path is limited, the overvoltage amplitude on the electric equipment which is connected in parallel with the lightning arrester 1 is limited, and the electric equipment is effectively protected.
The pneumatic cylinder 6, the discharge gap structure and the zinc oxide resistor disc 8 are coaxially arranged with the hollow insulating tube 2. The pneumatic cylinder 6 can be made of aluminum, copper or stainless steel, so that good electrical conductivity can be ensured. The gap 9 is filled with a gas insulating medium 13, the gas insulating medium 13 can adopt sulfur hexafluoride gas or nitrogen gas or a mixture of the sulfur hexafluoride gas and the nitrogen gas, so that the electrical insulation strength of the internal space of the lightning arrester 1 is enhanced, the gas insulating medium 13 has good arc extinguishing performance, when a discharge arc is generated between the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11, the discharge arc can be extinguished through the gas insulating medium 13, and meanwhile, the heat conduction and diffusion can be accelerated by utilizing the fluidity of the gas insulating medium 13, and the local temperature rise caused by the discharge arc is restrained.
The air cylinder 6 is filled with insulating gas 14, the insulating gas 14 is air or sulfur hexafluoride gas, and the ratio of the initial air pressure after the air cylinder 6 is filled with the insulating gas 14 to the air pressure after the gap 9 is filled with the gas insulating medium 13 is 1:1. when a lightning strike overvoltage or an operation overvoltage exceeding that allowed by the electric device occurs, and thus a discharge arc is generated between the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11, the high temperature caused by the discharge arc locally increases the air pressure in the area of the series gap 7 and creates an air pressure difference with the insulating gas in the air cylinder 6. Because one end of the first discharge electrode 10 doubles as the piston of the pneumatic cylinder 6, the first discharge electrode 10 moves upwards under the action of the air pressure difference, so that the gap distance of the series gap between the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11 becomes large, the rapid arc extinction of the discharge arc is facilitated, and the phenomenon of afterflow arc after the over-voltage disappears is avoided. When the discharge arc is extinguished, the temperature and the air pressure in the area of the series gap 7 are restored to the normal state, at the moment, the air pressure in the air pressure cylinder 6 is higher than the external air pressure, the first discharge electrode 10 moves downwards under the action of the air pressure difference, and the first discharge electrode 10 returns to the initial position under the limit action of the opening at the lower end of the air pressure cylinder 6, so that the discharge gap structure is restored to the initial insulation state.
The first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11 are geometrically symmetric electrode structures, and the geometrically symmetric electrode structures can enable the discharge gap structures to obtain stable discharge arcs. More specifically, as shown in fig. 1-2, the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11 are of a pair of spherical electrode structures with symmetrical structures, each of the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11 comprises an end circular plate, a middle cylindrical support rod and a head spherical electrode, each of the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11 is of an integrated structure formed by the end circular plate and the head spherical electrode through the middle cylindrical support rod, wherein the end circular plate of the first discharge electrode 10 also serves as a piston of the pneumatic cylinder 8, and the end circular plate of the second discharge electrode 11 is arranged with the upper end of the zinc oxide resistor disc 8. The lower end opening diameter of the pneumatic cylinder 6 is smaller than the end circular plate diameter of the first discharge electrode 10 to limit the descending position of the first discharge electrode 10.
The materials of the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11 are high temperature resistant alloy materials, which can be copper tungsten alloy, copper chromium alloy or tungsten carbide silver alloy, so that the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11 have excellent arc burning resistance, and the service lives of the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11 are ensured.
The hollow insulating tube 2 is a hollow cylindrical tube, the hollow insulating tube 2 is made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, and is formed by winding or pultrusion of electric insulating fibers and a resin matrix, and has the advantages of light weight and high strength. The electrically insulating fiber may be a glass fiber, an aramid fiber, or a polyester fiber, and the resin matrix may be an epoxy resin, a phenolic resin, or a vinyl resin.
The umbrella group cover 3 is the prior art, and this umbrella group cover 3 can strengthen the external insulation performance of arrester 1 through the outside wall that the shaping of silicone rubber vulcanization and cladding are in hollow insulating tube 2, and above-mentioned silicone rubber can be high temperature vulcanized silicone rubber or room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber or liquid silicone rubber.
As shown in fig. 3, the inner side wall of the hollow insulating tube 2 may further be provided with a high temperature resistant coating 12, and the high temperature resistant coating 12 is used to resist the heat damage of the hollow insulating tube 2 caused by the high temperature of the discharge arc, so as to protect the hollow insulating tube 2. The material used for the high temperature resistant coating 12 can be polytetrafluoroethylene or silicon carbide or polyimide.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11 have a pair of rod-shaped electrode structures having symmetrical structures, and the rest corresponds to embodiment 1.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 5, the first discharge electrode 10 and the second discharge electrode 11 have a pair of parallel disk electrode structures having symmetrical structures, and the remainder corresponds to example 1.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory of the invention, and is not meant to limit the advantages that can be achieved, and any simple modifications in structure, and/or any one or more of the advantages that may be realized in some embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the present application.
Claims (5)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810609381.1A CN108565084B (en) | 2018-06-13 | 2018-06-13 | Novel series gap composite insulation metal oxide lightning arrester |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810609381.1A CN108565084B (en) | 2018-06-13 | 2018-06-13 | Novel series gap composite insulation metal oxide lightning arrester |
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| CN108565084A CN108565084A (en) | 2018-09-21 |
| CN108565084B true CN108565084B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109887693A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-14 | 泰州学院 | A variable series gap composite insulated metal oxide arrester |
| CN110085378B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2025-10-21 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A composite insulator device with built-in varistor unit |
| CN113517101B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2022-06-07 | 西安交通大学 | Lightning arrester |
| CN120015448B (en) * | 2025-04-21 | 2025-07-15 | 武汉科技大学 | A method for optimizing residual voltage of metal oxide arrester with series gap |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004158225A (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-06-03 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Lightning insulator device |
| CN2796038Y (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-07-12 | 上海东南电力科技发展有限公司 | Pillar type serial gap metal oxide lightning arrester |
| CN106158181A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-11-23 | 国网江苏省电力公司镇江供电公司 | Metal oxide arrester |
| CN206225098U (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-06-06 | 唐恩(厦门)电气有限公司 | A kind of series gap metal oxide arrester |
| CN208240428U (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-14 | 泰州学院 | A Novel Series Gap Composite Insulated Metal Oxide Surge Arrester |
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2018
- 2018-06-13 CN CN201810609381.1A patent/CN108565084B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004158225A (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-06-03 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Lightning insulator device |
| CN2796038Y (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-07-12 | 上海东南电力科技发展有限公司 | Pillar type serial gap metal oxide lightning arrester |
| CN106158181A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-11-23 | 国网江苏省电力公司镇江供电公司 | Metal oxide arrester |
| CN206225098U (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-06-06 | 唐恩(厦门)电气有限公司 | A kind of series gap metal oxide arrester |
| CN208240428U (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-14 | 泰州学院 | A Novel Series Gap Composite Insulated Metal Oxide Surge Arrester |
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Effective date of registration: 20250124 Address after: No. 28, Xiangliankou Village, Pangjiazuo Town, Gaoyang County, Baoding City, Hebei Province, China 071500 Patentee after: Baoding Shuangqiang Electrical Equipment Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: No. 93, Ji Chuan Road, Hailing District, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: TAIZHOU University Country or region before: China |