CN108531083B - Preparation method of silica aerogel reflective insulation exterior wall coating - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional coatings, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a silica aerogel reflection heat insulation exterior wall coating. Compared with the traditional reflective heat-insulating coating, the reflective heat-insulating coating prepared by the formula material and the method has the advantages of excellent reflective heat-insulating property, low production cost and environmental protection.
Description
The application is a divisional application of a Chinese invention patent with the patent application number of 201710368264.6 (application date: 2017, 05 and 23, and the patent name: a silica aerogel reflective heat-insulation exterior wall coating and a preparation method thereof).
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional coatings, and particularly relates to a silicon aerogel reflective heat-insulation exterior wall coating for industrial and architectural energy conservation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, industry and building energy conservation attract extensive attention at home and abroad, and the energy-saving coating is developed rapidly. The traditional reflective heat-insulating coating for the building outer wall or the industrial light-component storage tank mostly takes glass beads, hollow glass beads and hollow ceramic beads as effective components so as to achieve the purpose of reflective heat insulation. However, due to the existence of the micro-beads, the coating has the following defects: 1. due to the shielding effect of other components in the coating, the reflection and heat insulation effects of the micro-beads are influenced; 2. because the density of the micro-beads is low, the phenomena of viscosity increase and micro-beads floating up easily occur in the storage process of the coating, and the product is not easy to store and construct; 3. the micro-beads are hard materials, are easy to damage and have unstable heat insulation rate; 4. in order to avoid bead damage, the production and construction process can not be completely carried out according to the traditional architectural coating process, the process efficiency is low, and the difficulty is high; 5. the paint film of the reflective heat-insulating paint is thicker, the surface of the coating is rough, the decoration is poor, and the cost is higher than that of the common paint; 6. the compactness of the paint film is poor, so that the water resistance of the paint film is poor and the stain resistance is poor.
In order to overcome the defects of the micro-bead reflective heat-insulating coating, the existing reflective heat-insulating coating is added with aerogel powder. However, due to the existence of aerogel powder, the coating has the following defects: 1. the aerogel powder is prepared by adopting a supercritical drying process at high temperature and high pressure, the production conditions are harsh, the process is complex, the risk is high, the investment on production devices is large, the preparation efficiency is low, and the preparation raw material mainly adopts high-price silanol, so that the production cost is high; 2. the aerogel powder has the characteristic of light weight, is not easy to disperse in the coating, and is easy to gather at the upper part of the coating to generate a layering phenomenon, so that an island effect is generated, and the heat insulation performance of the coating is influenced; 3. the aerogel powder is prepared at high temperature and high pressure, the porous structure of the three-dimensional space is kept free of filler, the porous structure has a very strong siphon effect, organic matters in the raw materials for preparing the coating are easily adsorbed, and then the pores are blocked, so that the heat-insulating property of the aerogel powder is lost.
Chinese patent with publication number CN102719129A discloses a preparation method of silica aerogel water-based heat insulation coating, and dried SiO is subjected to heat insulation2Aerogel microspheres are added into the water-based paint to prepare the composite heat-insulating paint, because of SiO2The drying of the aerogel microspheres requires the use of supercritical CO2Drying, complex preparation process, high requirement on equipment and greatly improved cost; in addition, the main focus of the patent is on heat insulation, the reflection performance of the material is not researched and analyzed, and the reflection performance of the material needs to be improved.
The Chinese patent with publication number CN104497688A discloses an aerogel thermal insulation coating and a preparation method thereof, and the dry film thickness of the coating prepared by the method is thicker under the condition that the dry film thickness is 5mm, so that the use cost is high; in addition, the main focus of the patent is on heat insulation, the reflection performance of the material is not researched and analyzed, and the reflection performance of the material needs to be improved.
Due to the disadvantages of the above materials, the application of reflective thermal insulation coatings in industry and construction is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a silica aerogel reflective heat-insulation exterior wall coating and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the technical defects in the prior art and aiming at reducing the production cost of the coating and improving the reflective and heat-insulation properties of the coating.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the silica aerogel reflective heat-insulation exterior wall coating comprises water A, a mixed material A and a mixed material B, wherein the water A: mixing materials A: and (1-3) mixing material B: (1-3): (1-3);
the mixed material A comprises rutile titanium dioxide, a silicon aerogel precursor and pigment and filler, and the rutile titanium dioxide is measured according to the weight ratio: silicon aerogel precursor: and (1-3) pigment filler: (1-3): (1-3);
the mixed material B comprises, by weight, 1-12 parts of a flatting agent, 1-20 parts of a dispersing agent, 1-10 parts of a preservative, 1-10 parts of an antifoaming agent, 10-50 parts of a styrene-acrylic emulsion, 5-40 parts of an elastic emulsion, 5-40 parts of an organic silicon modified acrylic emulsion, a film forming aid, a thickening agent and a pH regulator, wherein the pH value is 7-8.5; the mixed material B is an adhesive;
the film-forming auxiliary agent is added in a weight part which is 0.1-12% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion;
the weight part of the thickener is 0.5-5% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion;
the weight part of the pH regulator is 0.5-5% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion.
Preferably, the particle size D of the rutile titanium dioxide50≤500nm。
Preferably, the pigment and filler is one or more of zinc oxide, barium sulfate, talcum powder, diatomite and heavy calcium powder.
Preferably, the solid contents of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organic silicon modified acrylic emulsion are all more than or equal to 60 percent, and the viscosities are all more than or equal to 1000 cps.
Preferably, the leveling agent is a polyether siloxane leveling agent, the effective component of the defoaming agent is hydrophobic silicon dioxide, and the film-forming auxiliary agent is one, two or three of trimethylpentanediol, monoisobutyrate and alcohol ester 12.
Preferably, the dispersant is an anionic dispersant, and the thickener is one or two of hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxymethyl cellulose.
Specifically, the preparation method of the silicon aerogel precursor comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of a mixed solution of a silicon source and a solvent
Putting sodium silicate with the mole number of 3.0-4.0 into a reaction kettle, adding water B with the mass of 1-3 times that of the sodium silicate for dilution, stirring the reaction kettle at the speed of 80-200 r/min for 30min, and filtering the solution through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a sodium silicate solution;
the aqueous solution of sodium silicate is commonly called water glass, which is composed of alkali metal and silicon dioxide in different proportions and has the chemical formula R2O·nSiO2In the formula, R2O is an alkali metal oxide, n is the ratio of the number of moles of silica to the number of moles of alkali metal oxide, called the number of moles of water glass, most commonly sodium silicate waterglass Na2O·nSiO2；
(2) Sol gel
Taking acid A, adding metal salt A and rare earth acid salt A into the acid A, uniformly mixing, and adding into the sodium silicate solution obtained in the step (1) in a spraying manner; rapidly stirring the materials in the reaction kettle at the speed of 1200-2000 r/min while spraying, controlling the pH value of the sodium silicate solution to be 1.5-3.0, and controlling the average pore diameter to be 15-30 nanometers to obtain sol, wherein the time of the step is 60-120 min;
preferably, the acid A is sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid or nitric acid, and is adjusted to be 6-15 mol/L by using water C;
preferably, the metal salt A is zirconium A acid salt or aluminum A acid salt;
preferably, the rare earth A acid salt is cerium A acid salt, yttrium A acid salt or lanthanum A acid salt;
the metal salt A and the rare earth A acid salt are liable to absorb moisture and cause inaccurate metering, so that in order to accurately quantify the amounts to be added, the metal salt A and the rare earth A acid salt are added in a molar ratio of 100: 1-6; in the step (2), the mole ratio of the oxide of the metal salt A to the silicon oxide in the sodium silicate is 2-5: 100, respectively; for example, the metal salt A is aluminum sulfate, and calculated by oxides thereof, namely, the molar ratio of the aluminum oxide to the silicon oxide in the sodium silicate is 2-5: 100.
(3) gel
Taking sodium hydroxide or ammonia water, adding water D to dilute until the pH value is 10-11.5, and adding the sodium hydroxide or ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a spraying manner; rapidly stirring the materials in the reaction kettle at the speed of 1200-2000 r/min while spraying, stopping spraying when the pH value of the materials in the reaction kettle is 4.5-5.5, and obtaining gel, wherein the time of the step is 80-180 min;
(4) aging of
Continuously stirring the mixture in the reaction kettle at a speed of 20-50 r/min for 3-10 hours, aging the material in the reaction kettle, and controlling the temperature of the material in the reaction kettle to be 35-50 ℃; in the prior art, the aging is generally carried out in a standing mode, the time is consumed for 3-5 days, and the gel is not stirred, because the aging process is generally considered to be required to be carried out in the prior art, and the structural growth of the aerogel can be facilitated by standing;
(5) solvent replacement
Continuously stirring in the reaction kettle for 60-180 min, and simultaneously adding a displacement solvent with the same volume as the aged material in the reaction kettle in the step (4) to displace the residual water; in the prior art, the structure of the stirring tank is damaged, the stirring tank cannot be used for stirring during replacement, and standing treatment is adopted, so that the consumed time is long; according to the preparation method provided by the invention, the solvent is stirred for 60-180 min during replacement, the replacement period can be greatly shortened, and the microstructure is not damaged;
preferably, the replacement solvent is one or a mixture of methanol, acetone, n-hexane or heptane.
(6) Surface modification
Continuously stirring in the reaction kettle, and continuously adding the coupling agent with the same volume as the aged material in the reaction kettle in the step (4); stirring for 60-180 min to obtain a silicon aerogel precursor coated with a displacement solvent and a coupling agent;
the coupling agent added in the surface modification in the step (6) replaces water in the aerogel micropores, and the coupling agent is filled in the aerogel micropores, so that the stability of the micropore structure can be improved, and the average of the pore size is improved; in addition, the hydrophobic and hydrophilic functions of the aerogel can be adjusted by adding different coupling agents for surface modification.
Preferably, in the step (6), the coupling agent is one or more of hexamethyldisilazane, bis (trimethylsilyl) acetamide, methoxytrimethylsilane, dimethoxydimethylsilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane and methyltrimethoxysilane;
preferably, the stirring in the step (5) or the step (6) is performed in a reaction kettle;
preferably, the agitation is achieved by providing rapid forward agitation (high shear disk) in the center of the reactor and baffles around the center of the reactor.
Preferably, the water A, the water B, the water C and the water D are deionized water.
A preparation method of a silica aerogel reflective insulation exterior wall coating comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the rutile type titanium dioxide: silicon aerogel precursor: the weight ratio of the pigment to the filler is (1-3): (1-3): (1-3) mixing rutile titanium dioxide, a silicon aerogel precursor and pigment and filler, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material A, wherein the stirring speed is 20-500 r/min, and the stirring time is 5-30 min;
(2) the weight ratio of the water A to the mixed material A is (1-3): (1-3) mixing the water A and the mixed material A, and then uniformly stirring at the stirring speed of 50-550 r/min for 10-50 min;
(3) mixing and uniformly stirring 1-12 parts by weight of a leveling agent, 1-20 parts by weight of a dispersing agent, 1-10 parts by weight of a preservative, 1-10 parts by weight of a defoaming agent, 10-50 parts by weight of a styrene-acrylic emulsion, 5-40 parts by weight of an elastic emulsion, 5-40 parts by weight of an organic silicon modified acrylic emulsion, a film-forming assistant, a thickening agent and a pH regulator to obtain a mixed material B, wherein the pH value of the mixed material B is 7-8.5; the film-forming auxiliary agent is added in a weight part of 0.1-12% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion, the thickening agent is added in a weight part of 0.5-5% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion, and the pH regulator is added in a weight part of 0.5-5% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion; the stirring speed is 150-850 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-50 min;
(4) water A in the mixture obtained according to the step (2): mixing the mixture A in the mixture obtained in the step (2): the weight ratio of the mixed material B is (1-3): (1-3): (1-3) mixing the mixed material B with the mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly stirring at the stirring speed of 150-850 r/min for 20-70 min;
(5) sanding the mixture obtained in the step (4) by a sanding machine to obtain the silica aerogel reflective heat-insulation exterior wall coating; the rotational speed of the sand mill is 200-3000 r/min, and the time of the sand mill is 5-30 min.
In the step (5), the diameter of the zircon sand in the sand mill is 0.8-1.5 mm.
The silica aerogel precursor is a light porous amorphous inorganic nano material with a controllable structure, has a continuous three-dimensional network structure, has the porosity of more than 80 percent, the average pore diameter of about 20nm, the specific surface area of more than 500 square meters per gram and the density of less than 70kg/m3The thermal conductivity coefficient is less than 0.020W/(m.K) at normal temperature and normal pressure, compared with that of static airThe thermal conductivity is 0.022W/(m.K), and the material is an unavailable solid material with low cost, industrialization and low thermal conductivity.
Working principle of the invention
Silica aerogel, also known as blue smoke, has the following properties: (1) infinite porous walls are distributed in the silicon aerogel, which is equivalent to infinite heat insulation baffles, so that light and heat can be reflected, and further radiation heat transfer is greatly reduced; in addition, the refractive index of titanium in the rutile titanium dioxide to light is close to l, the ratio of annihilation coefficients to infrared light and visible light is more than 100, and the silicon aerogel and the titanium are combined to block the infrared light part, so that the rutile titanium dioxide is an ideal reflective heat-insulating material;
(3) because the silica aerogel exists in nearly infinite nanopores, heat can be transferred in the solid along the pore walls, the nearly infinite pore walls form an infinite heat conduction path, the heat conductivity coefficient is very low, and the heat conduction can be obviously reduced; in addition, because the inner diameter of the air holes in the silicon aerogel is mostly in the nanometer level, air can not flow freely in the nanometer holes and is relatively adsorbed on the wall of the air holes, and the material is in a state similar to vacuum, thereby effectively reducing the convection heat transfer.
Based on the characteristics of the silica aerogel, the silica aerogel and rutile type titanium dioxide are combined with raw materials of the reflective heat-insulating coating for industrial and building energy conservation, so that the heat-insulating property of the reflective heat-insulating coating for industrial and building energy conservation can be enhanced, the solar light reflectance can be effectively improved, and the reflective heat-insulating property of the reflective heat-insulating coating can be improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the silicon aerogel precursor is prepared at normal temperature and normal pressure, a drying treatment step is not carried out, the preparation process is simple and stable, the safety is high, the process is reduced from 300h to 30h in the traditional preparation method, the investment of a production device with the same energy production capacity is only 1/20 in the traditional method, the price of raw materials is more than 10 times lower than that of a traditional silicon source, the product cost is only 1/10 in the traditional method, and the production cost is obviously reduced;
2. the aerogel in the invention adopts a precursor form, the specific gravity of the aerogel precursor is greater than that of the aerogel powder, the aerogel precursor is easy to disperse in the coating and is not easy to generate a layering phenomenon, an islanding effect is overcome, and the heat-insulating property of the coating is improved;
3. the silicon aerogel precursor prepared by the method contains the solvent, the solvent occupies a porous three-dimensional space in the silicon aerogel precursor, the binder or other organic substances in the raw materials for preparing the coating cannot intrude into the pores to occupy the three-dimensional space, and the solvent contained in the silicon aerogel precursor naturally volatilizes in the drying process of the coating, so that the porous three-dimensional structure can still be kept in the aerogel after the natural volatilization of the solvent, and the failure caused by the blockage of the pores is overcome, so that the heat-insulating property is stronger;
4. according to the invention, the silicon aerogel precursor and the rutile titanium dioxide are innovatively used in the reflective insulation coating, the nanopore structure of the reflective insulation coating cannot collapse, reduce or change in the forming process of the reflective insulation coating, and the reflective insulation performance of the coating is greatly improved due to the addition of the silicon aerogel precursor and the rutile titanium dioxide;
5. the titanium dioxide in the invention is in a rutile type, and the rutile type titanium dioxide has a good reflection function on infrared light with the most obvious thermal effect in a full spectrum, so that heat conduction is greatly blocked;
6. the titanium in the coating exists in the form of nano rutile titanium dioxide, and the coating has excellent infrared reflection capability;
7. the conventional reflective thermal insulation coating has the following problems: the sunlight reflectance is less than 80%, and the total sunlight reflectance is lower; the heat insulation temperature difference is less than 10 ℃, and the heat insulation performance is poor;
the reflective heat-insulation coating can achieve a good reflective heat-insulation effect under the condition that the thickness of a paint film is small, the solar light reflectance of the coating can reach 90% -92% through detection, the hemispherical emissivity reaches 90% -93%, the heat-insulation temperature difference is larger than 10 ℃, and the heat-insulation performance is very good;
8. the reflective heat-insulating coating for the building, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the formed coating has good weather resistance and stain resistance, and a paint film is compact;
9. the solar light reflectance and the hemispherical reflectance of the reflective heat-insulating coating are not obviously reduced due to the increase of the service time, and the reflective heat-insulating property is durable;
10. the product of the invention is water-based paint, does not contain benzene, ether, formaldehyde and other volatile organic solvents, is pollution-free, and accords with the modern environmental protection concept;
11. deionized water is used as water in the preparation process, so that the production cost is further reduced;
12. the traditional reflective heat-insulating coating takes glass beads and ceramic beads as effective components, and basically has no reflective function although having a certain heat-insulating function; the reflection effect of the aerogel multilayer heat insulation baffle plate has a reflection effect on a full spectrum, and in addition, the air holes in the aerogel are in a nanometer level, so that the aerogel has an infinite path effect and has a better heat insulation effect than glass beads and ceramic beads;
13. in the preparation method of the silicon aerogel precursor, the metal salt A and the rare earth A acid salt are added in the gelling process, so that the effects of toughening and improving the heat resistance of the silicon aerogel can be achieved; the aging and solvent replacement steps are carried out under the stirring state, so that the reaction efficiency is greatly improved, the process time is shortened, and the method is suitable for industrialization;
14. compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the silicon aerogel precursor has the following advantages:
(1) in recent years, some related reports and patent documents about preparation of silica aerogel at normal temperature and normal pressure exist in the prior art, but most of the reports and patent documents stay in a laboratory preparation stage, the process is long, and the process implementation range is too narrow, so that large-scale industrial production and application are difficult to realize; the invention provides a preparation method under normal temperature and normal pressure, which changes the relative static process in the prior art, applies stirring in the key process, accelerates the realization of the hydrolysis, polycondensation and modification of aerogel, realizes the process of synthesizing aerogel precursor within 30h, provides a method for industrially preparing rare earth toughening silicon aerogel in batches, and provides the premise for the mass production and use of aerogel;
(2) one of the reasons for hindering the development of the aerogel in the prior art is that the aerogel has a net-shaped structure, but the structure has thin and fragile edges, low compressive strength and easy collapse under pressure, so that the performance is unstable; according to the invention, rare earth A acid salt and metal salt A are added, so that the toughness of the material is improved, and the strength of the silica aerogel is improved;
(3) the silica aerogel prepared by the prior art has low use temperature, is generally stable when used below 500 ℃, and can cause the internal structure change of the silica aerogel above 500 ℃ to reduce the heat conductivity coefficient; the rare earth A acid salt and the metal salt A are added, so that the temperature resistance of the material is improved, and the heat resistance temperature of the silica aerogel is increased.
In conclusion, compared with the traditional reflective insulation coating, the reflective insulation coating prepared by adopting the formula material and the method has the advantages of excellent reflective insulation performance and obviously reduced production cost.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
examples 1 to 8
1. The formula of the silica aerogel reflective heat-insulation exterior wall coating comprises water A, a mixed material A and a mixed material B, wherein the water A is as follows by weight: mixing materials A: and (1-3) mixing material B: (1-3): (1-3);
the mixed material A comprises rutile titanium dioxide, a silicon aerogel precursor and pigment and filler, and the rutile titanium dioxide is calculated according to the weight ratio: silicon aerogel precursor: and (1-3) pigment filler: (1-3): (1-3);
the mixed material B comprises, by weight, 1-12 parts of a flatting agent, 1-20 parts of a dispersing agent, 1-10 parts of a preservative, 1-10 parts of a defoaming agent, 10-50 parts of a styrene-acrylic emulsion, 5-40 parts of an elastic emulsion, 5-40 parts of an organic silicon modified acrylic emulsion, a film forming aid, a thickening agent and a pH regulator, wherein the pH value is 7-8.5;
the added weight parts of the film-forming auxiliary agent are 0.1-12% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion;
the weight part of the added thickener is 0.5-5% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion;
the added weight parts of the pH regulator are 0.5-5% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion; the specific amounts of the components used in examples 1-8 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 detailed tables of the amounts of the components of examples 1-8
The water A is deionized water;
particle diameter D of rutile titanium dioxide50Less than or equal to 500nm, and the concrete details are shown in Table 2;
TABLE 2 particle size of rutile titanium dioxide in examples 1 to 8
The pigment and filler is one or more of zinc oxide, barium sulfate, talcum powder, diatomite and heavy calcium powder; the specific components and the use amounts of the pigments and fillers in the examples 1-8 are shown in Table 3;
TABLE 3 detailed composition and amount of pigment and filler in examples 1-8
The leveling agent is polyether siloxane leveling agent;
the effective component of the defoaming agent is hydrophobic silicon dioxide;
the dispersant is anionic dispersant;
the solid contents of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organic silicon modified acrylic emulsion are all more than or equal to 60 percent, the viscosities are all more than or equal to 1000cps, and the specific parameters in the embodiments 1-8 are detailed in a table 4;
TABLE 4 detailed tables of styrene-acrylic emulsion, elastic emulsion, and silicone-modified acrylic emulsion in examples 1 to 8
The film forming auxiliary agent is one or two or three of trimethylpentane diol, monoisobutyrate and alcohol ester 12, the thickening agent is one or two of hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxymethyl cellulose, and specific parameters in examples 1-8 are detailed in Table 5.
TABLE 5 detailed tables of the film-forming assistant and thickener in examples 1 to 8
2. The preparation method of the silica aerogel reflective heat-insulation exterior wall coating comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the dosage in the formula;
(2) mixing rutile titanium dioxide, a silicon aerogel precursor and pigment and filler, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material A, wherein the stirring speed is 20-500 r/min, and the stirring time is 5-30 min;
(3) mixing water A and the mixed material A, and then uniformly stirring at the stirring speed of 50-550 r/min for 10-50 min;
(4) mixing a flatting agent, a dispersing agent, a preservative, a defoaming agent, a styrene-acrylic emulsion, an elastic emulsion, an organic silicon modified acrylic emulsion, a film-forming assistant and a thickening agent, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH value to 7-8.5 by using a pH regulator to obtain a mixed material B; the stirring speed is 150-850 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-50 min;
(5) water A in the mixture obtained in the step (3): mixing the mixture A in the mixture obtained in the step (3): the weight ratio of the mixed material B is (1-3): (1-3): (1-3) mixing the mixed material B with the mixture obtained in the step (3) and then uniformly stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 150-850 r/min, and the stirring time is 20-70 min;
(6) sanding the mixture obtained in the step (5) by a sanding machine to obtain the silica aerogel reflective heat-insulation exterior wall coating; the diameter of zircon sand in the sand mill is 0.8-1.5 mm, the sand milling rotating speed is 200-3000 r/min, and the sand milling time is 5-30 min; the variable parameters and specific numerical values of each embodiment in the preparation method of the silica aerogel reflective insulation exterior wall coating are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 concrete parameters adopted in each step of the preparation method of the silicon aerogel reflective heat insulation exterior wall coating in examples 1-8
3. The preparation method of the silica aerogel precursor used in the silica aerogel reflective heat insulation exterior wall coating comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparation of a mixed solution of a silicon source and a solvent
Putting 3.0-4.0 mol of water glass into a reaction kettle, adding water B with the mass 1-3 times that of the water glass for dilution, stirring the reaction kettle at the speed of 80-200 r/min for 30min, and filtering the solution through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a water glass solution;
(2) sol gel
Taking acid A, adding metal salt A and rare earth acid salt A into the acid A, uniformly mixing, and adding into the water glass solution obtained in the step (1) in a spraying manner; rapidly stirring the materials in the reaction kettle at the speed of 1200-2000 r/min while spraying, controlling the pH value to 1.5-3.0, stopping spraying, and controlling the spraying time to be 60-120 min to obtain sol;
the acid A is sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid or nitric acid, and the concentration of the acid A is adjusted to be 6-15 mol/L by using water C;
the A metal salt is A acid zirconium salt or A acid aluminum salt, and the rare earth A acid salt is A acid cerium salt, A acid yttrium salt or A acid lanthanum salt;
the molar ratio of the metal salt A to the rare earth A acid salt is 100: 1-6;
the molar ratio of the oxide of the metal salt A to the silicon oxide in the water glass solution is 2-5: 100, respectively;
(3) gel
Taking sodium hydroxide or ammonia water, adding water D to dilute until the pH value is 10-11.5, and adding the diluted solution into the sol obtained in the reaction kettle in the step (2) in a spraying manner; rapidly stirring the materials in the reaction kettle at the speed of 1200-2000 r/min while spraying, and when the pH value of the materials in the reaction kettle is 4.5-5.5, spraying for 80-180 min to obtain gel;
(4) aging of
Continuously stirring the mixture in the reaction kettle at a speed of 20-50 r/min for 3-10 hours, aging the material in the reaction kettle, and controlling the temperature of the material in the reaction kettle to be 35-50 ℃;
(5) solvent replacement
Adding a displacement solvent with the same volume as the aged material in the reaction kettle in the step (4) while stirring in the reaction kettle to displace the residual water, and stirring for 60-180 min;
the replacement solvent is one or a mixture of methanol, acetone, n-hexane or heptane;
(6) surface modification
Continuously stirring in the reaction kettle, continuously adding the coupling agent with the same volume as the aged material in the reaction kettle in the step (4), stirring for 60-180 min, and performing surface modification to obtain a silicon aerogel precursor coated with a displacement solvent and the coupling agent;
the stirring in the step (5) or the step (6) is to provide rapid forward stirring in the center of the reaction kettle, and baffle plates are provided at the periphery of the center of the reaction kettle;
the coupling agent is one or a mixture of more of hexamethyldisilazane, bis (trimethylsilyl) acetamide, methoxytrimethylsilane, dimethoxydimethylsilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane and methyltrimethoxysilane; water B, water C and water D are deionized water; the variable parameters and specific values for each example of the process for the preparation of the silicon aerogel precursor are shown in table 7.
TABLE 7 concrete parameters adopted in the steps (1) to (6) of the preparation methods of silicon aerogel precursors in examples 1 to 8
Second, performance detection
The product is white viscous liquid, and is detected according to GB/T9755-2014 synthetic resin emulsion exterior wall paint, and specific detection results are shown in tables 8 and 9.
TABLE 8 results of tests on the products of examples 1 to 8 according to GB/T9755 to 2014 synthetic resin emulsion exterior wall paint
| Inspection item | Standard requirements | Examples 1 to 8 |
| State in the vessel | No hard block, and uniform state after stirring | No hard block, and uniform state after stirring |
| Workability | Brush coating two times without obstacle | Brush coating two times without obstacle |
| Stability at Low temperature | No deterioration | No deterioration |
| Appearance of coating film | Is normal | Is normal |
| Drying time (watch dry) | ≤2h | 15-30min |
| Resistance to brushing (2000 times) | The paint film is not damaged | The paint film is not damaged |
| Alkali resistance (48h) | No abnormality | No abnormality |
| Water resistance (96h) | No abnormality | No abnormality |
| Coating temperature resistance (3 cycles) | No abnormality | No abnormality |
| Resistance to artificial weather aging | No bubbling, no peeling and no crack after 250 hours | No bubbling, no peeling and no crack after 250 hours |
Table 9 results of tests on products in examples 1 to 8 according to GB/T9755 to 2014 synthetic resin emulsion exterior wall paint
As can be seen from the data in Table 8, the drying time of the present invention is only 15-30min, the drying time is very short, and the drying speed is very fast.
As can be seen from the data in Table 9, the solar light reflectance and the hemispherical emissivity of the existing reflective heat-insulating coating are both below 80% under the condition that the thickness of a paint film is more than 0.3mm, and the heat-insulating temperature difference is less than 10 ℃; according to the reflective heat-insulation coating disclosed by the invention, under the condition that the thickness of a paint film is 0.2mm, the solar reflectance of the coating can reach 90% -92%, the hemispherical emissivity reaches 90% -93%, the heat insulation temperature difference is more than 10 ℃, and the reflective heat insulation effect is very good.
The reflective heat-insulating coating provided by the invention adopts the doping technology of the silica aerogel precursor and rutile type nano titanium dioxide, the coating has a smaller heat conductivity coefficient, the heat conduction of the sun to a building or an industrial light component storage tank can be effectively reduced, and the reflective heat-insulating coating not only shields infrared rays through reflection of sunlight with the traditional reflective heat-insulating coating, but also effectively solves the problem of high temperature brought to the building or the industrial light component storage tank by the unique effect of infinite path, zero convection and infinite heat-shielding plate of the silica aerogel precursor.
The application method of the product in the invention is the same as that of the traditional coating.
Although the 8 embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a silica aerogel reflective heat insulation exterior wall coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the rutile type titanium dioxide: silicon aerogel precursor: the weight ratio of the pigment to the filler is (1-3): (1-3): (1-3) mixing rutile titanium dioxide, a silicon aerogel precursor and pigment and filler, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material A;
(2) the weight ratio of the water A to the mixed material A is (1-3): (1-3) mixing water A and the mixed material A, and then uniformly stirring;
(3) mixing and uniformly stirring 1-12 parts by weight of a leveling agent, 1-20 parts by weight of a dispersing agent, 1-10 parts by weight of a preservative, 1-10 parts by weight of a defoaming agent, 10-50 parts by weight of a styrene-acrylic emulsion, 5-40 parts by weight of an elastic emulsion, 5-40 parts by weight of an organic silicon modified acrylic emulsion, a film-forming assistant, a thickening agent and a pH regulator to obtain a mixed material B, wherein the pH value of the mixed material B is 7-8.5; the film-forming auxiliary agent is added in a weight part of 0.1-12% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion, the thickening agent is added in a weight part of 0.5-5% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion, and the pH regulator is added in a weight part of 0.5-5% of the sum of the weight parts of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organosilicon modified acrylic emulsion;
(4) water A in the mixture obtained according to the step (2): mixing the mixture A in the mixture obtained in the step (2): the weight ratio of the mixed material B is (1-3): (1-3): (1-3) mixing the mixed material B with the mixture obtained in the step (2) and then uniformly stirring;
(5) sanding the mixture obtained in the step (4) by a sanding machine to obtain the silica aerogel reflective heat-insulation exterior wall coating;
the preparation method of the silicon aerogel precursor comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of a mixed solution of a silicon source and a solvent
Putting sodium silicate with the mole number of 3.0-4.0 into a reaction kettle, adding water B with the mass of 1-3 times that of the sodium silicate for dilution, stirring the reaction kettle at the speed of 80-200 r/min for 30min, and filtering the solution through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a sodium silicate solution;
(2) sol gel
Taking acid A, adding metal salt A and rare earth acid salt A into the acid A, uniformly mixing, and adding into the sodium silicate solution obtained in the step (1) in a spraying manner; rapidly stirring the materials in the reaction kettle at the speed of 1200-2000 r/min while spraying, and controlling the pH value of the sodium silicate solution to be 1.5-3.0 to obtain sol;
(3) gel
Taking sodium hydroxide or ammonia water, adding water D to dilute until the pH value is 10-11.5, and adding the sodium hydroxide or ammonia water into a reaction kettle in a spraying manner; rapidly stirring the materials in the reaction kettle at the speed of 1200-2000 r/min while spraying, and stopping spraying when the pH value of the materials in the reaction kettle is 4.5-5.5 to obtain gel;
(4) aging of
Continuously stirring the mixture in the reaction kettle at a speed of 20-50 r/min for 3-10 hours, aging the material in the reaction kettle, and controlling the temperature of the material in the reaction kettle to be 35-50 ℃;
(5) solvent replacement
Continuously stirring in the reaction kettle for 60-180 min, and simultaneously adding a displacement solvent with the same volume as the aged material in the reaction kettle in the step (4) to displace the residual water;
(6) surface modification
Continuously stirring in the reaction kettle, and continuously adding the coupling agent with the same volume as the aged material in the reaction kettle in the step (4); stirring for 60-180 min to obtain the rare earth toughened silica aerogel precursor coated with the replacement solvent and the coupling agent.
2. The preparation method of the silica aerogel reflective insulation exterior wall coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle size D50 of the rutile type titanium dioxide is less than or equal to 500 nm.
3. The preparation method of the silica aerogel reflective insulation exterior wall coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pigment and filler is one or more of zinc oxide, barium sulfate, talcum powder, diatomite and heavy calcium powder.
4. The preparation method of the silica aerogel reflective insulation exterior wall coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solid contents of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the elastic emulsion and the organic silicon modified acrylic emulsion are all more than or equal to 60 percent, and the viscosities are all more than or equal to 1000 cps.
5. The preparation method of the silica aerogel reflective insulation exterior wall coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the leveling agent is a polyether siloxane leveling agent; the effective component of the defoaming agent is hydrophobic silicon dioxide, and the film-forming auxiliary agent is one, two or three of trimethylpentanediol, monoisobutyrate and alcohol ester 12.
6. The preparation method of the silica aerogel reflective insulation exterior wall coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dispersant is an anionic dispersant, and the thickener is one or two of hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxymethyl cellulose.
7. The preparation method of the silica aerogel reflection heat insulation exterior wall coating according to claim 1, wherein the acid A is sulfuric acid B, hydrochloric acid B, oxalic acid B or nitric acid B, and is adjusted to 6-15 mol/L by water B.
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| CN108276840A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-13 | 合肥广民建材有限公司 | A kind of sun-proof Alfalfa Extract exterior coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN111434735B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-10-08 | 上海三银涂料科技股份有限公司 | Water-based acid rain-proof building coating |
| CN109809416B (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-07-03 | 江苏群鑫粉体科技股份有限公司 | Barium sulfate-barium silicate-silicon dioxide aerogel multilayer composite heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110819184A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-02-21 | 湖南安图丽新材料科技有限公司 | Waterproof heat-preservation reflective heat-insulation multifunctional water-based paint and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN111218184A (en) * | 2020-03-28 | 2020-06-02 | 格兰天净(北京)科技有限公司 | Long-acting reflective heat-insulating coating |
| CN112410956B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2023-09-15 | 浙江汇隆新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of color-spun high-F flat polyester filaments |
| CN113583531A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-02 | 广东涂百年新型材料有限公司 | Reflective heat-insulation real stone paint material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113604121B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2022-11-25 | 天津朗华科技发展有限公司 | Super-hydrophobic coating and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114058252B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-10-11 | 福建龙兴九源科技股份有限公司 | Water-based wood coating and preparation method thereof |
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