CN108527716B - Waste cable PVC recycling system and recycling method - Google Patents
Waste cable PVC recycling system and recycling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108527716B CN108527716B CN201810254371.0A CN201810254371A CN108527716B CN 108527716 B CN108527716 B CN 108527716B CN 201810254371 A CN201810254371 A CN 201810254371A CN 108527716 B CN108527716 B CN 108527716B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
- B29B2017/0015—Washing, rinsing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to a waste cable PVC recycling system and a recycling method, wherein the recycling system comprises a cleaning pool, a dehydrator, a crushing separator, a melting tank and a granulating extruder which are sequentially arranged; the recovery and regeneration method comprises the following steps: a. cleaning; b. dehydrating; c. crushing and separating; d. melting and removing impurities; e. and (4) regenerating. The invention has simple structure and ingenious design, and realizes the integrated automation of the processes of drying, crushing and impurity removal of materials; the method has the advantages of simple process, easy operation, no need of additional heating in the melting and impurity removing process, low energy consumption, capability of removing more than 90% of heavy impurities in the waste cable material, labor saving and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material recovery, in particular to a waste cable PVC recovery and regeneration system and a recovery and regeneration method.
Background
In the process of recovering and regenerating PVC from waste cable materials, the cable materials need to be crushed and then subjected to hot melting regeneration. Because the waste cable materials are generally adhered with a lot of light impurities such as silt, labels and the like and are doped with light plastics, the waste cable materials are usually required to be cleaned and separated so as to improve the quality of the recycled plastics. After cleaning, the water content in the plastic increases, which is disadvantageous for subsequent material fragmentation and impurity separation. Moreover, the existing crushing and separating device has low crushing efficiency, poor separating effect, time and labor waste, complex operation and high labor intensity.
Besides light impurities, the waste cable material also contains impurities such as copper wires, iron wires, aluminum wires, stone particles, sand grains and the like, so that the impurity separation is needed in the regeneration process. At present, the PVC hot melting regeneration mainly adopts a special heater to melt PVC into a fluid shape, and then filtration and impurity removal are carried out, the mode has the disadvantages of complex equipment and process, high heating temperature and high energy consumption, and partial PVC is easy to separate and release harmful gas at higher temperature, thereby polluting the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a waste cable PVC recycling system, which solves the problems of complex structure, high heating temperature and high energy consumption of the existing equipment, and a special heater needs to be configured.
The invention also aims to provide a method for recycling the waste cable PVC, which solves the problems of complex process, high labor intensity and high environmental pollution of the existing method.
One of the objects of the invention is achieved by: a waste cable PVC recycling system comprises a cleaning pool, a dehydrator, a crushing separator, a melting tank and a granulating extruder which are sequentially arranged; the cleaning pool is used for cleaning materials, the dehydrator is used for dehydrating and drying the cleaned materials, the crushing separator is used for crushing, separating and removing impurities from the materials, the melting tank is used for melting and removing impurities from the materials, and the granulating extruder is used for granulating and regenerating the materials;
the dehydrator comprises a cylindrical barrel, a material lifting spiral arranged in the barrel along the axial direction, a cylindrical filter screen sleeved outside the material lifting spiral and a material lifting motor for driving the material lifting spiral, wherein a water collecting cavity is formed between the filter screen and the barrel, a water outlet is formed in the bottom end of the side wall of the barrel, a feeding pipe is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the barrel, a discharging pipe is arranged on the side wall of the top of the barrel, the discharging pipe and the feeding pipe are both communicated with an inner cavity of the filter screen, a feeding hopper is arranged at the position of the feeding pipe, a feeding spiral is arranged in the feeding hopper, one end of the feeding spiral is connected with the feeding motor, and the other end of the feeding spiral extends into the feeding pipe;
the crushing separator comprises a base, a hammering separating mechanism and a crushing motor, wherein the hammering separating mechanism and the crushing motor are arranged on the base; the hammering separating mechanism comprises a hammering separating box, a feeding guide nozzle obliquely arranged at the top of the hammering separating box, a discharge hopper arranged at the bottom of the hammering separating box and a feeding pipeline arranged below the discharge hopper, wherein the feeding guide nozzle is connected with a discharge pipe of the dehydrator, exhaust pipes are respectively arranged at two sides of the hammering separating box, the bottom of the discharge hopper is communicated with the feeding pipeline, one end of the feeding pipeline is connected with an air blower, and the other end of the feeding pipeline is connected with the melting tank; the exhaust pipe is connected with the dust removal device,
the bottom of the melting tank is provided with a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism comprises a central rotating shaft arranged along the axial direction, and a lower-layer stirring blade, a middle-layer stirring blade and an upper-layer stirring rod which are sequentially arranged on the central rotating shaft, wherein the blade surface of the lower-layer stirring blade is parallel to and in contact with the bottom surface of the melting tank, the lower-layer stirring blade is used for generating heat through friction with the bottom surface of the melting tank so as to heat materials, and the blade surface of the middle-layer stirring blade is obliquely arranged; the top end of the melting tank is provided with a feed port, and the feed port is connected with a feed pipeline of the crushing separator; the bottom end of the side wall of the melting tank is provided with a discharge hole, and a movable door plate for opening and closing the discharge hole is arranged at the discharge hole.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following steps: a waste cable PVC recycling method comprises the following steps:
a. cleaning: primarily crushing the waste cable, and then putting the crushed waste cable material into a cleaning pool for cleaning;
b. and (3) dehydrating: feeding the cleaned crushed waste cable material into a dehydrator for dehydration; the dehydrator comprises a cylindrical barrel, a material lifting spiral arranged in the barrel along the axial direction, a cylindrical filter screen sleeved outside the material lifting spiral and a material lifting motor for driving the material lifting spiral, wherein a water collecting cavity is formed between the filter screen and the barrel, a water outlet is formed in the bottom end of the side wall of the barrel, a feeding pipe is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the barrel, a discharging pipe is arranged on the side wall of the top of the barrel, the discharging pipe and the feeding pipe are both communicated with an inner cavity of the filter screen, a feeding hopper is arranged at the position of the feeding pipe, a feeding spiral is arranged in the feeding hopper, one end of the feeding spiral is connected with the feeding motor, and the other end of the feeding spiral extends into the feeding pipe;
c. crushing and separating: discharging the dehydrated waste cable crushed materials from a discharge pipe at the top of a barrel of the dehydrator, and further crushing the waste cable crushed materials into small-size particles in a crushing separator; the crushing separator comprises a base, a hammering separating mechanism and a crushing motor, wherein the hammering separating mechanism and the crushing motor are arranged on the base; the hammering separating mechanism comprises a hammering separating box, a feeding guide nozzle obliquely arranged at the top of the hammering separating box, a discharge hopper arranged at the bottom of the hammering separating box and a feeding pipeline arranged below the discharge hopper, wherein the feeding guide nozzle is connected with a discharge pipe of the dehydrator, exhaust pipes are respectively arranged at two sides of the hammering separating box, the bottom of the discharge hopper is communicated with the feeding pipeline, one end of the feeding pipeline is connected with an air blower, and the other end of the feeding pipeline is connected with a feeding hole of the melting tank; the exhaust pipe is connected with the dust removal device, and light impurities in the broken waste cable materials are blown into the dust removal device for centralized treatment;
d. melting and impurity removal: the crushed waste cable materials subjected to crushing and separation enter a melting tank through a feeding pipeline to be melted and purified, a stirring mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the melting tank and comprises a central rotating shaft arranged along the axial direction, and a lower layer stirring blade, a middle layer stirring blade and an upper layer stirring rod which are sequentially arranged on the central rotating shaft, wherein the blade surface of the lower layer stirring blade is parallel to and in contact with the bottom surface of the melting tank, the lower layer stirring blade is used for generating heat through friction with the bottom surface of the melting tank to heat the materials, and the blade surface of the middle layer stirring blade is obliquely arranged; a feeding hole is formed in the top end of the melting tank, a discharging hole is formed in the bottom end of the side wall of the melting tank, and a movable door plate for opening and closing the discharging hole is arranged at the discharging hole;
after the waste cable crushed materials enter the melting tank, starting a stirring mechanism to enable the lower stirring blades to generate heat through friction with the bottom surface of the melting tank, so that the waste cable crushed materials are heated; when the temperature is heated to 130-200 ℃, PVC in the waste cable crushing material is melted and adhered to form blocks, and other impurity components except PVC are attached to the surfaces of the PVC melting blocks or clamped between the PVC melting blocks; then adding water into the melting tank, and dispersing the PVC melting blocks into small blocks at the moment of adding water, so that impurity components originally attached to the surfaces of the PVC melting blocks or clamped among the PVC melting blocks fall off; then opening the movable door plate, discharging impurity components in the melting tank along with water flow, and then discharging and recycling the PVC melting block from a discharge port;
e. regeneration: and crushing the recovered PVC molten block, and then granulating by using a granulating extruder to finally obtain a PVC finished product material.
In the step b, a feeding barrel is arranged between the feeding guide nozzle and the discharging pipe of the dehydrator and comprises an inverted cone-shaped shell, an exhaust pipe and a feeding pipe, the exhaust pipe and the feeding pipe are arranged at the top of the shell, the bottom end of the shell is communicated with the top end of the feeding guide nozzle, and the feeding pipe is communicated with the discharging pipe.
In the step c, the inner cavity of the hammering separating box is divided into three parts, wherein the middle part is a hammering chamber, the two sides are air chambers, and the air chambers are communicated with the exhaust pipe; a transmission main shaft is transversely arranged in the hammering separating box and connected with the crushing motor, a hammering frame is arranged on the transmission main shaft positioned in the hammering chamber, and blades are arranged on the transmission main shaft positioned in the air chamber.
In the step c, the hammering frame comprises a plurality of supporting plates which are parallel to each other and sleeved on the transmission main shaft, a plurality of connecting rods connected between two adjacent supporting plates and a plurality of hammering pieces installed on the connecting rods, penetrating holes for penetrating and connecting with the connecting rods are formed in two ends of each hammering piece respectively, a positioning block is arranged between two adjacent hammering pieces, and the positioning block is sleeved on the connecting rods.
In the step c, a feed opening is formed in the bottom of the hammering separating box, a screen is connected to the feed opening in a sealing mode, and the discharge hopper is located below the screen.
In the step c, a reducing section is arranged on the feeding pipeline and is positioned between the air blower and the discharge hopper.
In the step d, the extending direction of the middle-layer stirring blade is perpendicular to the extending direction of the lower-layer stirring blade, the middle-layer stirring blade is used for increasing the stirring amplitude, the extending direction of the upper-layer stirring rod deviates from the extending direction of the middle-layer stirring blade, and the upper-layer stirring rod is used for accelerating the scattering of the PVC melting block.
In the step d, the upper end of the movable door plate is hinged to the side wall of the melting tank, a discharge hopper is arranged at the discharge port, a connecting cross rod is arranged on the discharge hopper, a top door screw rod used for controlling the movable door plate to open and close is screwed on the connecting cross rod, and a hand wheel is arranged at the tail end of the top door screw rod; and e, rotating the hand wheel to enable the top door screw to move outwards, so that a narrow opening is opened at the lower end of the movable door plate, discharging impurity components in the melting tank from the narrow opening along with water flow, then continuing to rotate the hand wheel to enable the top door screw to be completely separated from the movable door plate, and discharging and recycling PVC melting blocks in the melting tank from a discharge hole.
In the step d, the melting tank is arranged on a bottom frame, and a stirring motor for driving the stirring mechanism is arranged on the bottom frame.
The invention has simple structure and ingenious design, realizes the integrated automation of the processes of drying, crushing and impurity removal (crushing, separating, impurity removal and melting impurity removal) of materials, has good operation stability, long service life, low cost, practicability, safety and convenient popularization.
The method has the advantages that the process is simple, the operation is easy, the materials are crushed and separated after being cleaned, dehydrated and dried, the problems of low separation efficiency and poor separation effect of light impurities caused by adhesion of the light impurities such as paper scraps and the like on the surfaces of the materials due to the fact that the materials are wet are solved, the crushing and separating efficiency is greatly improved, and the recycled cable materials are few in light impurities and good in quality. The melting and impurity removing process does not need additional heating, has low energy consumption, can remove more than 90 percent of heavy impurities (copper wires, iron wires, aluminum wires, stone particles, sand particles and the like) in the waste cable material, saves labor and is more environment-friendly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the feed cartridge and hammer separation mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the hammering separating box.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the stirring mechanism.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the stirring mechanism.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a base, 2, a feeding cylinder, 3, an exhaust pipe, 4, a feeding pipe, 5, a hammering separating box, 6, a feeding guide nozzle, 7, a discharging hopper, 8, a feeding pipeline, 9, a shell, 10, a transmission main shaft, 11, an air chamber, 12, an exhaust pipe, 13, a screen mesh, 14, a supporting plate, 15, a connecting rod, 16, a hammering sheet, 17, a through hole, 18, a blower, 19, a reducing section, 20, a melting tank, 21, a cylinder body, 22, a lifting screw, 23, a filter screen, 24, a lifting motor, 25, a feeding hopper, 26, a feeding screw, 27, a feeding motor, 28, a pipe, 29, a discharging pipe, 30, an underframe, 31, a central rotating shaft, 32, a lower stirring blade, 33, a middle stirring blade, 34, an upper stirring rod, 35, a movable door plate, 36, a discharging hopper, 37, a connecting cross rod, 38, a top door screw, 39 and a hand wheel.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the recycling and regenerating system of the present invention includes a cleaning tank, a dehydrator, a crushing and separating machine, a melting tank 20, and a granulating extruder, which are sequentially provided. The cleaning pool is used for cleaning materials, the dehydrator is used for dehydrating and drying the cleaned materials, the crushing separator is used for crushing, separating and purifying the materials, the melting tank 20 is used for melting and purifying the materials, and the granulating extruder is used for granulating and regenerating the materials.
The dehydrator comprises a cylindrical barrel 21, a material lifting spiral 22, a filter screen 23 and a material lifting motor 24, and is used for dehydrating and drying the crushed materials of the waste cables so as to be beneficial to subsequent further crushing and separation. The filter screen 23 is cylindrical and axially penetrates through the cylinder body 21, the material lifting spiral 22 penetrates through the inner cavity of the filter screen 23, and the central axes of the cylinder body 21, the filter screen 23 and the material lifting spiral 22 are collinear. The top edge of the filter screen 23 is connected to the top surface of the barrel 21, the bottom edge is connected to the bottom surface of the barrel 21, a water collecting cavity is formed between the filter screen 23 and the barrel 21, a water outlet is arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the barrel 21, and the water outlet is communicated with the water collecting cavity. A feed pipe 28 is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the cylinder body 21, a discharge pipe 29 is arranged on the side wall of the top of the cylinder body 21, and the feed pipe 28 and the discharge pipe 29 are both communicated with the inner cavity of the filter screen 23. The feeding pipe 28 of the cylinder 21 is provided with a feeding hopper 25, the top of the feeding hopper 25 is open, the feeding pipe 28 is communicated with the inside of the feeding hopper 25, a feeding screw 26 is horizontally arranged in the feeding hopper 25, one end of the feeding screw 26 is connected with a feeding motor 27, and the other end of the feeding screw extends into the feeding pipe 28 so as to feed the material into the cylinder 21. The lifting motor 24 is arranged at the top of the barrel 21 and is connected with the rotating shaft of the lifting screw 22 through a belt.
During operation, start reinforced spiral 26 and carry material spiral 22, add the broken material of old and useless cable in to the loading hopper 25, reinforced spiral 26 rotates and with material propelling movement to filter screen 23's material chamber, it rotates to carry material spiral 22, promote the material, the material is at the high-speed centrifugation rotation in the promotion process, moisture in the material passes filter screen 23 under the centrifugal force effect and gets into the water-collecting cavity between filter screen 23 and the barrel 21, and arrange outward through the outlet, the material after the dehydration then discharges through discharging pipe 29 at barrel 21 top.
The crushing separator comprises a machine base 1, a feeding barrel 2, a hammering separating mechanism, a crushing motor and the like. The base 1 is formed by connecting a plurality of frame rods, is fixed on the ground and is used for supporting other parts so as to ensure the stability of the whole device.
The feeding cylinder 2 is arranged above the hammering separating mechanism and comprises an inverted conical shell, an exhaust pipe 3 is vertically arranged at the top of the shell, the central axis of the exhaust pipe 3 and the central axis of the shell are collinear, an inlet pipe 4 is arranged on the side wall of the top of the shell, and the inlet pipe 4 is tangent to the side wall of the shell, so that materials enter the shell and fall down spirally along the side wall of the shell. The inlet pipe 4 is connected with the discharging pipe 29 of the dehydrator, and the bottom end of the shell is connected with the top end of the hammering separating mechanism. The dehydrated material enters the shell through the feeding pipe 4 and falls into the hammering separating mechanism along the wall surface in a spiral manner, upward airflow is formed in the process that the crushed material falls in the shell in a spiral manner, and part of light impurities mixed in the crushed material rise under the action of the airflow and are discharged through the exhaust pipe 3.
Hammering separating mechanism sets up the front end at frame 1, including hammering separator box 5, put feeding guide mouth 6 at 5 tops of hammering separator box, set up the blow-off hopper 7 in 5 bottoms of hammering separator box and set up the conveying pipeline 8 in blow-off hopper 7 below to one side. The top end of the feeding guide nozzle 6 is communicated with the bottom end of the shell of the feeding barrel 2, and the bottom end of the feeding guide nozzle 6 is tangent to the cylindrical wall surface of the hammering separating box 5, as shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the hammering separating box 5 includes a horizontal cylindrical housing 9, a driving spindle 10 transversely penetrating through the housing 9, and a hammering frame and a plurality of blades disposed on the driving spindle 10. Exhaust pipes 12 are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell 9, a feed opening is arranged at the bottom of the shell 9, and a screen 13 is sealed at the feed opening. The inner cavity of the shell 9 is divided into three parts, wherein the middle part is a hammering chamber, the two sides are air chambers 11, and the air chambers 11 are communicated with exhaust pipes 12 on the corresponding sides.
One end of a transmission main shaft 10 is connected with a crushing motor, a hammering frame is arranged on the transmission main shaft 10 positioned in a hammering chamber, and blades are arranged on the transmission main shaft 10 positioned in an air chamber 11. The hammering frame comprises a plurality of parallel supporting plates 14 sleeved on the transmission main shaft 10, a plurality of connecting rods 15 connected between the two supporting plates 14 and a plurality of hammering pieces 16 arranged on the connecting rods 15. The support plates 14 are welded on the transmission main shaft 10, and the central connecting line of each support plate 14 is superposed with the central axis of the transmission main shaft 10. The end part of the connecting rod 15 is welded on the side edge of the supporting plate 14 and is parallel to the central axis of the transmission main shaft 10; the number of the connecting rods 15 is preferably 4, and four connecting rods 15 drive the main shaft 10 for one circle. The hammering piece 16 is a rectangular piece body, the two ends of the piece body are respectively provided with a through hole 17 which is used for penetrating and connecting with the connecting rod 15, the diameter of the through hole 17 is slightly larger than that of the connecting rod 15, the diameter difference between the two is kept at 1-2 mm, so that the hammering piece 16 can just penetrate the connecting rod 15, and meanwhile, the hammering piece 16 can be ensured to rotate relative to the connecting rod 15. The diameter difference between the two is not too large so as to ensure that the hammering piece 16 can rotate along with the connecting rod 15, and avoid the phenomena of idle rotation of the connecting rod 15 and non-rotation of the hammering piece 16. Be provided with the locating piece between two adjacent hammering pieces 16, the locating piece cover is established on connecting rod 15 for separate two adjacent hammering pieces 16, in order to guarantee that adjacent hammering piece 16 does not influence each other at the rotation in-process.
The during operation, start broken motor, transmission main shaft 10 rotates to drive blade and hammering piece 16 of hammering frame rotatory together, the rotation process of hammering piece 16 is the crushing process to the material promptly, through a lot of hammering, the material is smashed into the less granule of size gradually, simultaneously, light debris such as wastepaper of adhesion on the material are broken and break away from the material, rotate the air current effect that forms down through exhaust pipe 12 and discharge under the blade, the granule then passes screen cloth 13 and falls into in row hopper 7.
As shown in fig. 1, the discharge hopper 7 is located below the discharge opening, and a discharge opening is provided at the bottom end of the discharge hopper 7. The feeding pipeline 8 is horizontally arranged below the discharge hopper 7, the discharge port of the discharge hopper 7 is communicated with the feeding pipeline 8, one end of the feeding pipeline 8 is provided with an air blower 18, and the other end of the feeding pipeline 8 is connected with a melting tank 20. A reducing section 19 is arranged on the feeding pipeline 8, and the reducing section 19 is positioned between the discharge hopper 7 and the blower 18. The blower 18 is started, a feeding airflow is formed in the feeding pipeline 8, and the feeding airflow is accelerated by the reducing section 19 and blows the material discharged from the discharge hopper 7 into the material receiving device.
The exhaust pipe 3 and the exhaust pipe 12 are respectively connected with a dust removal device (not shown in the figure), and the air after dust removal is emptied, so that light impurities are intercepted and centralized.
The melting tank 20 is arranged on the bottom frame 30 and is cylindrical, a top cover with a feeding port is arranged at the top end of the melting tank 20, the feeding port is connected with a feeding pipeline 8 of the crushing and separating machine, a stirring mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the melting tank 20, and the stirring mechanism comprises a central rotating shaft 31 arranged along the axial direction, and a lower-layer stirring blade 32, a middle-layer stirring blade 33 and an upper-layer stirring rod 34 which are sequentially arranged on the central rotating shaft 31. Lower floor's stirring leaf 32 and middle level stirring leaf 33 are rectangular form metal sheet, and the blade surface of lower floor's stirring leaf 32 is parallel and contact with the bottom surface of melting jar 20, and lower floor's stirring leaf 32 is used for with the bottom surface frictional heating of melting jar 20 in order to heat the material, and the blade surface slope of middle level stirring leaf 33 sets up for the increase range of stirring, and upper puddler 34 is the metal rod structure, is used for accelerating breaking up of PVC melting piece. The extending direction of the middle stirring blade 33 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the lower stirring blade 32, and the extending direction of the upper stirring rod 34 is deviated from the extending direction of the middle stirring blade 33 to enhance the stirring effect. A stirring motor is arranged on the bottom frame 30, an output shaft of the stirring motor is provided with a driving wheel, the driving wheel is connected with a driven wheel through a belt, and a central rotating shaft 31 penetrates out of the bottom of the melting tank 20 and then is fixedly connected with the center of the driven wheel.
The bottom end of the side wall of the melting tank 20 is provided with a discharge hole, the discharge hole is provided with a movable door panel 35, the upper end of the movable door panel 35 is hinged on the side wall of the melting tank 20, the discharge hole is provided with a discharge hopper 36, two side walls of the discharge hopper 36 are respectively and fixedly connected with connecting inclined rods, a connecting cross rod 37 is arranged between the connecting inclined rods, the middle part of the connecting cross rod 37 is provided with a threaded sleeve, a top door screw 38 is arranged in the threaded sleeve in a penetrating manner, the tail end of the top door screw 38 is provided with a hand wheel 39, the top door screw 38 can be enabled to support the movable door panel 35 through controlling the hand wheel 39, and therefore the opening and closing of.
The invention also provides a method for recycling the waste cable PVC by applying the recycling system, which comprises the following steps:
a. cleaning: primarily crushing the waste cable, and then putting the crushed waste cable material into a cleaning pool for cleaning;
b. and (3) dehydrating: feeding the cleaned crushed waste cable material into a dehydrator for dehydration, wherein the structure and the operation principle of the dehydrator are as described above;
c. crushing and separating: discharging the dehydrated waste cable crushed materials from a discharge pipe at the top of a barrel of the dehydrator, and further crushing the waste cable crushed materials into small-size particles in a crushing separator; the structure and the working principle of the crushing separator are as described above, and in the crushing and separating process, light impurities in the crushed waste cable materials are blown into the dust removal device for centralized treatment;
d. melting and impurity removal: the crushed waste cable materials subjected to crushing and separation enter the melting tank 20 through the feeding pipeline to be melted and purified, before the materials enter, a top door screw 38 is ensured to tightly push the movable door plate 35, after the crushed waste cable materials enter the melting tank 20, the stirring mechanism is started, so that the lower stirring blades 32 and the bottom surface of the melting tank 20 are subjected to friction heating, and the crushed waste cable materials are heated; when the waste cable is heated to 130-200 ℃, usually 150-180 ℃ (depending on the type of cable material to be melted), PVC in the waste cable crushed material is melted and adhered into blocks, and other impurity components (copper wires, iron wires, aluminum wires, stone grains, sand grains and the like) except PVC are attached to the surface of the PVC melted blocks or clamped between the PVC melted blocks; adding water into the melting tank 20, and dispersing the PVC melting blocks into small blocks at the moment of adding water, so that impurity components originally attached to the surfaces of the PVC melting blocks or clamped between the PVC melting blocks fall off; then, the hand wheel is rotated to enable the top door screw rod 38 to move outwards, so that a narrow opening is opened at the lower end of the movable door plate 35, the impurity components in the melting tank 20 are discharged from the narrow opening along with water flow, then, the hand wheel 39 is continuously rotated to enable the top door screw rod 38 to be completely separated from the movable door plate 35, and the PVC melting block in the melting tank is discharged from a discharge hole and recovered;
e. regeneration: and crushing the recovered PVC molten block, and then granulating by using a granulating extruder to finally obtain a PVC finished product material.
The waste cable broken materials are heated by utilizing frictional heat, so that PVC in the waste cable broken materials is melted and adhered into blocks, the melting is not melted into a fluid shape, the required temperature is relatively low, the energy consumption is low, more than 90% of impurities in the waste cable materials can be removed, and the recycled and regenerated PVC finished materials can be used as raw materials for manufacturing rubber shoes.
Claims (7)
1. A waste cable PVC recycling system is characterized by comprising a cleaning pool, a dehydrator, a crushing separator, a melting tank and a granulating extruder which are sequentially arranged; the cleaning pool is used for cleaning materials, the dehydrator is used for dehydrating and drying the cleaned materials, the crushing separator is used for crushing, separating and removing impurities from the materials, the melting tank is used for melting and removing impurities from the materials, and the granulating extruder is used for granulating and regenerating the materials;
the dehydrator comprises a cylindrical barrel, a material lifting spiral arranged in the barrel along the axial direction, a cylindrical filter screen sleeved outside the material lifting spiral and a material lifting motor for driving the material lifting spiral, wherein a water collecting cavity is formed between the filter screen and the barrel, a water outlet is formed in the bottom end of the side wall of the barrel, a feeding pipe is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the barrel, a discharging pipe is arranged on the side wall of the top of the barrel, the discharging pipe and the feeding pipe are both communicated with an inner cavity of the filter screen, a feeding hopper is arranged at the position of the feeding pipe, a feeding spiral is arranged in the feeding hopper, one end of the feeding spiral is connected with the feeding motor, and the other end of the feeding spiral extends into the feeding pipe;
the crushing separator comprises a base, a hammering separating mechanism and a crushing motor, wherein the hammering separating mechanism and the crushing motor are arranged on the base; the hammering separating mechanism comprises a hammering separating box, a feeding guide nozzle obliquely arranged at the top of the hammering separating box, a discharge hopper arranged at the bottom of the hammering separating box and a feeding pipeline arranged below the discharge hopper, wherein the feeding guide nozzle is connected with a discharge pipe of the dehydrator, exhaust pipes are respectively arranged at two sides of the hammering separating box, the bottom of the discharge hopper is communicated with the feeding pipeline, one end of the feeding pipeline is connected with an air blower, and the other end of the feeding pipeline is connected with the melting tank; the exhaust pipe is connected with the dust removal device; the inner cavity of the hammering separating box is divided into three parts, wherein the middle part is a hammering chamber, the two sides are air chambers, and the air chambers are communicated with the exhaust pipe; a transmission main shaft is transversely arranged in the hammering separating box, the transmission main shaft is connected with the crushing motor, a hammering frame is arranged on the transmission main shaft positioned in a hammering chamber, and blades are arranged on the transmission main shaft positioned in an air chamber; the hammering frame comprises a plurality of parallel supporting plates sleeved on the transmission main shaft, a plurality of connecting rods connected between two adjacent supporting plates and a plurality of hammering pieces arranged on the connecting rods, wherein two ends of each hammering piece are respectively provided with a through hole for penetrating and connecting with the connecting rod, a positioning block is arranged between two adjacent hammering pieces, and the positioning block is sleeved on the connecting rod;
the bottom of the melting tank is provided with a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism comprises a central rotating shaft arranged along the axial direction, and a lower-layer stirring blade, a middle-layer stirring blade and an upper-layer stirring rod which are sequentially arranged on the central rotating shaft, wherein the blade surface of the lower-layer stirring blade is parallel to and in contact with the bottom surface of the melting tank, the lower-layer stirring blade is used for generating heat through friction with the bottom surface of the melting tank so as to heat materials, and the blade surface of the middle-layer stirring blade is obliquely arranged; the extension direction of the middle-layer stirring blade is vertical to that of the lower-layer stirring blade, the middle-layer stirring blade is used for increasing the stirring amplitude, the extension direction of the upper-layer stirring rod deviates from that of the middle-layer stirring blade, and the upper-layer stirring rod is used for accelerating the scattering of the PVC molten block; the top end of the melting tank is provided with a feed port, and the feed port is connected with a feed pipeline of the crushing separator; the bottom end of the side wall of the melting tank is provided with a discharge hole, and a movable door plate for opening and closing the discharge hole is arranged at the discharge hole.
2. A waste cable PVC recycling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. cleaning: primarily crushing the waste cable, and then putting the crushed waste cable material into a cleaning pool for cleaning;
b. and (3) dehydrating: feeding the cleaned crushed waste cable material into a dehydrator for dehydration; the dehydrator comprises a cylindrical barrel, a material lifting spiral arranged in the barrel along the axial direction, a cylindrical filter screen sleeved outside the material lifting spiral and a material lifting motor for driving the material lifting spiral, wherein a water collecting cavity is formed between the filter screen and the barrel, a water outlet is formed in the bottom end of the side wall of the barrel, a feeding pipe is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the barrel, a discharging pipe is arranged on the side wall of the top of the barrel, the discharging pipe and the feeding pipe are both communicated with an inner cavity of the filter screen, a feeding hopper is arranged at the position of the feeding pipe, a feeding spiral is arranged in the feeding hopper, one end of the feeding spiral is connected with the feeding motor, and the other end of the feeding spiral extends into the feeding pipe;
c. crushing and separating: discharging the dehydrated waste cable crushed materials from a discharge pipe at the top of a barrel of the dehydrator, and further crushing the waste cable crushed materials into small-size particles in a crushing separator; the crushing separator comprises a base, a hammering separating mechanism and a crushing motor, wherein the hammering separating mechanism and the crushing motor are arranged on the base; the hammering separating mechanism comprises a hammering separating box, a feeding guide nozzle obliquely arranged at the top of the hammering separating box, a discharge hopper arranged at the bottom of the hammering separating box and a feeding pipeline arranged below the discharge hopper, wherein the feeding guide nozzle is connected with a discharge pipe of the dehydrator, exhaust pipes are respectively arranged at two sides of the hammering separating box, the bottom of the discharge hopper is communicated with the feeding pipeline, one end of the feeding pipeline is connected with an air blower, and the other end of the feeding pipeline is connected with the melting tank; the exhaust pipe is connected with the dust removal device, and light impurities in the broken waste cable materials are blown into the dust removal device for centralized treatment; the inner cavity of the hammering separating box is divided into three parts, wherein the middle part is a hammering chamber, the two sides are air chambers, and the air chambers are communicated with the exhaust pipe; a transmission main shaft is transversely arranged in the hammering separating box, the transmission main shaft is connected with the crushing motor, a hammering frame is arranged on the transmission main shaft positioned in a hammering chamber, and blades are arranged on the transmission main shaft positioned in an air chamber; the hammering frame comprises a plurality of parallel supporting plates sleeved on the transmission main shaft, a plurality of connecting rods connected between two adjacent supporting plates and a plurality of hammering pieces arranged on the connecting rods, wherein two ends of each hammering piece are respectively provided with a through hole for penetrating and connecting with the connecting rod, a positioning block is arranged between two adjacent hammering pieces, and the positioning block is sleeved on the connecting rod;
d. melting and impurity removal: the crushed waste cable materials subjected to crushing and separation enter a melting tank through a feeding pipeline to be melted and purified, a stirring mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the melting tank and comprises a central rotating shaft arranged along the axial direction, and a lower layer stirring blade, a middle layer stirring blade and an upper layer stirring rod which are sequentially arranged on the central rotating shaft, wherein the blade surface of the lower layer stirring blade is parallel to and in contact with the bottom surface of the melting tank, the lower layer stirring blade is used for generating heat through friction with the bottom surface of the melting tank to heat the materials, and the blade surface of the middle layer stirring blade is obliquely arranged; the extension direction of the middle-layer stirring blade is vertical to that of the lower-layer stirring blade, the middle-layer stirring blade is used for increasing the stirring amplitude, the extension direction of the upper-layer stirring rod deviates from that of the middle-layer stirring blade, and the upper-layer stirring rod is used for accelerating the scattering of the PVC molten block; a feeding hole is formed in the top end of the melting tank, a discharging hole is formed in the bottom end of the side wall of the melting tank, and a movable door plate for opening and closing the discharging hole is arranged at the discharging hole;
after the waste cable crushed materials enter the melting tank, starting a stirring mechanism to enable the lower stirring blades to generate heat through friction with the bottom surface of the melting tank, so that the waste cable crushed materials are heated; when the temperature is heated to 130-200 ℃, PVC in the waste cable crushing material is melted and adhered to form blocks, and other impurity components except PVC are attached to the surfaces of the PVC melting blocks or clamped between the PVC melting blocks; then adding water into the melting tank, and dispersing the PVC melting blocks into small blocks at the moment of adding water, so that impurity components originally attached to the surfaces of the PVC melting blocks or clamped among the PVC melting blocks fall off; then opening the movable door plate, discharging impurity components in the melting tank along with water flow, and then discharging and recycling the PVC melting block from a discharge port;
e. regeneration: and crushing the recovered PVC molten block, and then granulating by using a granulating extruder to finally obtain a PVC finished product material.
3. The waste cable PVC recycling method according to claim 2, wherein in the step b, a feeding cylinder is arranged between the feeding guide nozzle and the discharging pipe of the dehydrator, the feeding cylinder comprises an inverted cone-shaped shell, an exhaust pipe arranged on the top of the shell and a feeding pipe, the bottom end of the shell is communicated with the top end of the feeding guide nozzle, and the feeding pipe is communicated with the discharging pipe.
4. The waste cable PVC recycling method according to claim 2, wherein in step c, a feed opening is opened at the bottom of the hammering separating box, a screen is sealed at the feed opening, and the discharge hopper is positioned below the screen.
5. The waste cable PVC recycling method according to claim 2, wherein in step c, a reducing section is arranged on the feeding pipeline, and the reducing section is positioned between the blower and the discharge hopper.
6. The waste cable PVC recycling method according to claim 2, wherein in step d, the upper end of the movable door plate is hinged to the side wall of the melting tank, a discharge hopper is arranged at the discharge port, a connecting cross rod is arranged on the discharge hopper, a top door screw rod for controlling the movable door plate to open and close is screwed on the connecting cross rod, and a hand wheel is arranged at the tail end of the top door screw rod; and e, rotating the hand wheel to enable the top door screw to move outwards, so that a narrow opening is opened at the lower end of the movable door plate, discharging impurity components in the melting tank from the narrow opening along with water flow, then continuing to rotate the hand wheel to enable the top door screw to be completely separated from the movable door plate, and discharging and recycling PVC melting blocks in the melting tank from a discharge hole.
7. The waste cable PVC recycling method according to claim 2, wherein in step d, the melting tank is arranged on a bottom frame, and a stirring motor for driving the stirring mechanism is arranged on the bottom frame.
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| CN112757521A (en) * | 2019-11-02 | 2021-05-07 | 复兴消防科技有限公司 | Granulation exit tube integration production facility |
| GB201919236D0 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-02-05 | Toothbrush Club Ltd | A method for recycling consumable items |
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| GB2492942A (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2013-01-23 | Buhler Sortex Ltd | Processing system and method |
| CN203765831U (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-08-13 | 衢州市瑞龙塑胶制品有限公司 | Waste film recovering and twisting device |
| CN204019798U (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-12-17 | 新疆华爱康塑业科技发展有限公司 | PE tubing reclaimed materials regeneration application system |
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Address after: 073000 Nanxuan Village, Dingzhou City, Baoding City, Hebei Province Applicant after: Hebei Nanyuan Plastic Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 073000 Nanxuan Village, Dingzhou City, Baoding City, Hebei Province Applicant before: Dingzhou Nan Yuan Plastic Co., Ltd. |
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