CN108524797A - 一种治疗猪瘟菌液的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种治疗猪瘟菌液的制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,涉及兽药技术领域,以重量份计,是由以下份数原料制成:丹皮1‑3份、生石膏1‑3份、甘草3‑5份、连翘3‑5份、鲜竹叶5‑7份、生地2‑4份、黄芩3‑5份、桔梗3‑5份、赤芍3‑5份、枸杞根4‑6份、鲜青蒿5‑7份、柴胡2‑4份。本发明还公开了上述菌液的制备方法及其应用,采用本发明制备的一种治疗猪瘟的菌液有清热解毒、消炎平喘、凉血泻火、止咳止痛的功效,对由猪瘟病毒引起的精神不振、食欲不佳、发热、咳嗽、结膜炎等症状均有较好的治疗效果,同时本发明配方简单、原料来源广泛、提高免疫力、增强抗药性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及兽药技术领域,具体涉及的是一种治疗猪瘟的菌液的制备方法及其应用
背景技术
猪瘟俗称“烂肠瘟”,又称猪霍乱,是由黄病毒科猪瘟病毒属的猪瘟病毒引起的一种急性、发热、接触性传染传染病。具有高度传染性和致死性。是威胁养猪业的主要传染病之一,其特征是:急性,呈败血性变化、实质器官出血、坏死和梗死;慢性,呈纤维素性坏死性肠炎,后期常有副伤寒及巴氏杆菌病继发。本病1885年首先在美国发现,以后传播到世界各大洲。中国大部分省都有发生。1903年美国兽医学家德希尼兹和多赛特鉴定本病的病原是披盖病毒科的瘟病毒属中的猪瘟病毒。一年四季都可发生,以春夏多雨季节为多。病猪是主要传染源,病猪排泄物和分泌物,病死猪和脏器及尸体、急宰病猪的血、肉、内脏、废水、废料污染的饲料,饮水都可散播病毒,猪瘟的传播主要通过直接接触,或经消化道、鼻腔粘膜和破裂的皮肤感染。此外,患病和弱毒株感染的母猪也可以经胎盘垂直感染胎儿,产生弱仔猪、死胎、木乃伊胎等。
当前,猪瘟仍是世界养猪业的一大威胁,防治猪瘟最有效的方法就是接种猪瘟疫苗,中国猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗在防治猪瘟中曾起到决定性作用,但近几年来出现免疫效果不理想,应用组织培养弱毒苗也发生免疫失败,疫苗保护效力下降的现象也比较普遍,这不仅给养猪业造成了严重的经济损失,而且也给猪瘟防治政策的制定带来的一定的困难。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供了一种治疗猪瘟的菌液的制备方法及其应用,所述菌液直接加入猪饲料或猪的饮用水中使用,能够有效治疗猪瘟,具有疗程短、无毒副作用的特点。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,以重量份计,由以下份数原料制成:丹皮1-3份、生石膏1-3份、甘草3-5份、连翘3-5份、鲜竹叶5-7份、生地2-4份、黄芩3-5份、桔梗3-5份、赤芍3-5份、枸杞根4-6份、鲜青蒿5-7份、柴胡2-4份。
本发明还公开了一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,以重量份计,由以下份数原料制成:丹皮1份、生石膏1份、甘草3份、连翘3份、鲜竹叶5份、生地2份、黄芩3份、桔梗3份、赤芍3份、枸杞根4份、鲜青蒿5份、柴胡2份。
本发明还公开了一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,以重量份计,由以下份数原料制成:丹皮3份、生石膏3份、甘草5份、连翘5份、鲜竹叶7份、生地4份、黄芩5份、桔梗5份、赤芍5份、枸杞根6份、鲜青蒿7份、柴胡4份。
本发明还公开了一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,以重量份计,由以下份数原料制成:丹皮2份、生石膏2份、甘草4份、连翘4份、鲜竹叶6份、生地3份、黄芩4份、桔梗4份、赤芍4份、枸杞根5份、鲜青蒿6份、柴胡3份。
作为上述方案的进一步优化,所述菌液的制备方法如下:
(11)制液:丹皮、生石膏、甘草、连翘、鲜竹叶、生地、黄芩、桔梗、赤芍、枸杞根、鲜青蒿、柴胡按照重量份数称取,粉碎过筛后混合均匀加水浸泡40-60分钟,水量与原料总重量之比为6:1,加热至沸腾并保持微沸1-1.2小时,过滤后制得原液。
(12)提取:在步骤(12)获取的原液中加入适量的乙醇,搅拌均匀后加热到70-85℃,加热1-2小时后过滤收集滤液,再次向过滤剩余物中加入少量的乙醇继续上述操作1-2次,收集的滤液即为菌液的提取液。
(13)蒸馏:将步骤(12)收集的提取液放入蒸馏器中进行蒸馏,80-90℃水浴加热蒸馏1小时,用接收瓶收集蒸出的馏液。
(14)发酵:在培养发酵皿中加入少量的酵母菌,灭菌完成后将步骤(13)制得的蒸馏液加至培养发酵皿中并放在温度为20-30℃、湿度在60%-75%的密封条件下,发酵8-10天后得到发酵液即为本发明的菌液。
作为上述方案的进一步优化,所述乙醇的体积分数为60%-75%。
作为上述方案的进一步优化,所述培养发酵皿的灭菌条件为115-120℃灭菌30分钟。
本发明还公开了一种治疗猪瘟的菌液在预防和治疗猪瘟病的应用。
本发明还公开了一种治疗猪瘟的菌液的使用方法:将所述菌液按比例直接加入猪饲料或猪的饮用水中搅拌混合均匀,在猪有精神不振、食欲不佳、发热、咳嗽等猪瘟症状时开始使用,每天2-3次。
本发明一种治疗猪瘟的菌液具有以下有益效果:
1.本发明一种治疗猪瘟的菌液主要成分均为常见的中草药,来源广泛,不含有任何抗生素、化学激素等,无残留、无毒副作用,安全性高、绿色环保。
3.本发明一种治疗猪瘟的菌液中多种中草药成分共同作用,具有凉血泻火、清热解毒、消炎平喘的功效,用于治疗猪瘟病,有较好的疗效,同时对猪在发病期有提高免疫力、增强抗药性的作用。
3.本发明对急性和慢性猪瘟均有较好的疗效,痊愈率88%,无效率3%,有效率为97%。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。实施例中涉及的组分原料若无特殊说明,均为市面上能够购买的常用商品。
实施例1
一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,以重量份计,由以下份数原料制成:丹皮1份、生石膏1份、甘草3份、连翘3份、鲜竹叶5份、生地2份、黄芩3份、桔梗3份、赤芍3份、枸杞根4份、鲜青蒿5份、柴胡2份。
本实施例1一种治疗猪瘟的菌液的制备方法如下:
(11)制液:丹皮、生石膏、甘草、连翘、鲜竹叶、生地、黄芩、桔梗、赤芍、枸杞根、鲜青蒿、柴胡按照重量份数称取,粉碎过筛后混合均匀加水浸泡50分钟,水量与原料总重量之比为6:1,加热至沸腾并保持微沸1.2小时,过滤后制得原液。
(12)提取:在步骤(12)获取的原液中加入适量的乙醇,搅拌均匀后加热到85℃,加热1-2小时后过滤收集滤液,再次向过滤剩余物中加入少量的乙醇继续上述操作2次,收集的滤液即为菌液的提取液。
(13)蒸馏:将步骤(12)收集的提取液放入蒸馏器中进行蒸馏,90℃水浴加热蒸馏1小时,用接收瓶收集蒸出的馏液。
(14)发酵:在培养发酵皿中加入少量的酵母菌,灭菌完成后将步骤(13)制得的蒸馏液加至培养发酵皿中并放在温度为30℃、湿度在70%的密封条件下,发酵10天后得到发酵液即为本发明的菌液。
本发明一种治疗猪瘟的菌液选用的中草药的功效如下:
丹皮,又名牡丹皮,为毛茛科植物牡丹干燥根皮。味苦、辛,性微寒,有清热凉血、活血散瘀、退蒸的功效,用于血热吐衄、发斑、阴虚内热、无汗骨蒸、经闭痛经、跌打损伤、疮疡肿痛、肠痈腹痛;
生石膏即天然二水石膏,味辛、甘,性微寒,主治中风发热,有解肌发汗、除口干舌焦、头疼牙痛等功能;
甘草别名:国老、甜草、乌拉尔甘草、甜根子,是一种补益中草药。味甘而特殊,性平,气微,有清热解毒、祛痰止咳、脘腹的功效,还有抗炎、抗过敏的作用,甘草含有的主要化学成分甘草黄酮、甘草浸膏及甘草次酸有明显的镇咳作用,祛痰作用也较显著;
连翘味苦,性凉,无毒,有清热解毒、散结消肿的功能,用于治温热、丹毒、斑疹、痈疡肿毒、瘰疬、小便淋闭;
鲜竹叶味甘、淡,性寒,具有清热除烦、生津、利尿的功效,主治热病烦渴、小儿惊痫、咳逆吐衄、小便短赤、口糜舌疮;
生地别名生地黄、野地黄、山烟根等,用药部分为玄参科植物地黄的的新鲜或干燥块根。生地和熟地都属于地黄,只不过是一生一熟而已,不过药性、功能不一样。生地黄味甘,性寒,功能为清热凉血、滋阴补肾、生津止渴,常用于热病舌绛烦渴、阴虚内热、骨蒸劳热、内热消渴、吐血、衄血、发斑发疹;
黄芩别名山茶根、土山茶根,其味苦,性寒,有清热燥湿、泻火解毒、止血、安胎等功效。主治温热病、上呼吸道感染、肺热咳嗽、湿热黄胆、肺炎、痢疾、咳血、目赤、胎动不安、高血压、痈肿疥疮等症。黄岑的临床抗菌性比黄连好,而且不产生抗药性;
桔梗,别名包袱花、铃铛花、僧帽花,是多年生草本植物,单凭名称,有人会误以为桔梗乃桔子的梗,但实际上与桔子或柑橘属没有直接关系。其味辛、性平,有宣肺、利咽、祛痰、排脓的功效。主治咳嗽痰多、胸闷不畅、咽痛、音哑、肺痈吐脓、疮疡脓成不溃;
赤芍为毛莨科植物赤芍或川赤芍的干燥根。味苦、性微寒,有清热凉血、活血祛瘀的功效,用于热人营血、温毒发斑,吐血衄血、目赤肿痛肝郁胁痛、经闭痛经、隐瘕腹痛、跌扑损伤、痈肿疮疡;
枸杞根又称为“地骨皮”,是茄科,枸杞属植物的根,味甘、性寒。有凉血止血、清热退蒸、清泻肺热、清热滋阴、清热解毒的功效。用于治虚劳潮热盗汗、肺热咳嗽、吐血、衄血、血淋、消渴、痈肿、恶疮;
鲜青蒿味苦、辛,性寒,有清透虚热、凉血除蒸、解暑、截疟的功效。用于暑邪发热、阴虚发热、夜热早凉、骨蒸劳热、疟疾寒热、湿热黄疸。
柴胡别名地熏、山菜、菇草、柴草,药用部分为伞形科植物柴胡或狭叶柴胡的干燥根,是常用解表药,其味苦,性微寒,有和表解里、疏肝升阳的功效,用于感冒发热、寒热往来、疟疾、肝郁气滞、胸胁胀痛、脱肛、子宫脱垂、月经不调。
本实施例1一种治疗猪瘟的菌液的使用方法:将所述菌液按比例直接加入猪饲料或猪的饮用水中搅拌混合均匀,在猪有精神不振、食欲不佳、发热、咳嗽的猪瘟症状时开始使用,每天2-3次。
实施例2
一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,以重量份计,由以下份数原料制成:丹皮3份、生石膏3份、甘草5份、连翘5份、鲜竹叶7份、生地4份、黄芩5份、桔梗5份、赤芍5份、枸杞根6份、鲜青蒿7份、柴胡4份。
本实施例2一种治疗猪瘟的菌液的制备方法和使用方法与实施例1的制备方法和使用方法一样。
实施例3
一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,以重量份计,由以下份数原料制成:丹皮2份、生石膏2份、甘草4份、连翘4份、鲜竹叶6份、生地3份、黄芩4份、桔梗4份、赤芍4份、枸杞根5份、鲜青蒿6份、柴胡3份。
本实施例3一种治疗猪瘟的菌液的制备方法和使用方法与实施例1的制备方法和使用方法一样。
实验:
山东省莒县某养殖场有患有猪瘟的病猪260头,其中,患急性猪瘟142头,患慢性猪瘟118头,将本实施例3制备的菌液按比例直接加入猪的饮用水中搅拌混合均匀饲喂,连续用本菌液3-4天,病猪的患病症状减轻,用5-7天,患慢性猪瘟的病猪基本治愈,患急性猪瘟的病猪症状明显改善,继续用1周,病猪能够恢复。
临床统计表:
| 患病特征 | 治疗总数 | 痊愈数 | 有效数 | 无效数 | 有效率 |
| 急性 | 142 | 126 | 10 | 6 | 97.15% |
| 慢性 | 118 | 109 | 7 | 2 | 97.42% |
| 总和 | 260 | 235 | 17 | 8 | 97.28% |
其中疗效评定标准如下:
痊愈:使用本发明后患病症状完全消失,恢复到患病前的状态;
有效:使用本发明后患病症状明显有所改善;
无效:使用本发明后患病症状无明显改善;
有效率:(痊愈数+有效数)/治疗总数。
由上表可以看出,本发明对急性和慢性猪瘟均有较好的疗效,其中142头患急性猪瘟的病猪中有126头痊愈,10头有效,6头无效,有效率为97.15%;118头患急性猪瘟的病猪中有109头痊愈,7头有效,2头无效,有效率为97.42%,综合有效率为97.28%。
具体案例:
案例1
2015年3月16日,山东省莒县某养殖场饲养的猪出现食欲较少、精神沉郁、体温升高、便秘或腹泻交替出现、口腔黏膜上伪膜明显、出现溃疡、生长迟缓等症状,经诊断为慢性猪瘟,将本实施例3制备的菌液按比例直接加入猪的饮用水中搅拌混合均匀使用,每天早、中、晚各一次。使用3-4天后病猪的体温开始下降,腹泻或便秘的情况减轻,继续使用3天后病猪的症状有明显改善,基本痊愈。
案例2
2015年7月9日,山东省莒县某养殖场饲养的猪患急性猪瘟,症状表现为呆滞、呈弓背、体温升高明显并且怕冷、眼部分泌物增多,伴有结膜炎导致流泪、先便秘后腹泻,偶尔带血带脓、全身皮肤出现出血点甚至血斑、发绀明显,将本实施例3制备的菌液按比例直接加入猪的饮用水中搅拌混合均匀使用,每天早、中、晚各一次。使用3天后病猪的症状没有太大变化,继续使用6天后病猪食欲增加,体温开始下降,腹泻的情况有所好转,病猪的病情较严重,连续使用2周病猪的身体状况恢复正常。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同组分的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (9)
1.一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,其特征在于,以重量份计,由以下份数原料制成:丹皮1-3份、生石膏1-3份、甘草3-5份、连翘3-5份、鲜竹叶5-7份、生地2-4份、黄芩3-5份、桔梗3-5份、赤芍3-5份、枸杞根4-6份、鲜青蒿5-7份、柴胡2-4份。
2.一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,其特征在于,以重量份计,由以下份数原料制成:丹皮1份、生石膏1份、甘草3份、连翘3份、鲜竹叶5份、生地2份、黄芩3份、桔梗3份、赤芍3份、枸杞根4份、鲜青蒿5份、柴胡2份。
3.一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,其特征在于,以重量份计,由以下份数原料制成:丹皮3份、生石膏3份、甘草5份、连翘5份、鲜竹叶7份、生地4份、黄芩5份、桔梗5份、赤芍5份、枸杞根6份、鲜青蒿7份、柴胡4份。
4.一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,其特征在于,以重量份计,由以下份数原料制成:丹皮2份、生石膏2份、甘草4份、连翘4份、鲜竹叶6份、生地3份、黄芩4份、桔梗4份、赤芍4份、枸杞根5份、鲜青蒿6份、柴胡3份。
5.基于权利要求1-4任一项所述的一种治疗猪瘟的菌液,其特征在于,所述菌液的制备方法如下:
(11)制液:丹皮、生石膏、甘草、连翘、鲜竹叶、生地、黄芩、桔梗、赤芍、枸杞根、鲜青蒿、柴胡按照重量份数称取,粉碎过筛后混合均匀加水浸泡40-60分钟,水量与原料总重量之比为6:1,加热至沸腾并保持微沸1-1.2小时,过滤后制得原液;
(12)提取:在步骤(12)获取的原液中加入适量的乙醇,搅拌均匀后加热到70-85℃,加热1-2小时后过滤收集滤液,再次向过滤剩余物中加入少量的乙醇继续上述操作1-2次,收集的滤液即为菌液的提取液;
(13)蒸馏:将步骤(12)收集的提取液放入蒸馏器中进行蒸馏,80-90℃水浴加热蒸馏1小时,用接收瓶收集蒸出的馏液;
(14)发酵:在培养发酵皿中加入少量的酵母菌,灭菌完成后将步骤(13)制得的蒸馏液加至培养发酵皿中并放在温度为20-30℃、湿度在60%-75%的密封条件下,发酵8-10天后得到发酵液即为本发明的菌液。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种治疗猪瘟的菌液的制备方法,其特征在于,所述乙醇的体积分数为60%-75%。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种治疗猪瘟的菌液的制备方法,其特征在于,所述培养发酵皿的灭菌条件为115-120℃灭菌30分钟。
8.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的一种治疗猪瘟的菌液在预防和治疗猪瘟病的应用。
9.基于权利要求1-4任一项所述的一种治疗猪瘟的菌液的使用方法,其特征在于:将所述菌液按比例直接加入猪饲料或猪的饮用水中搅拌混合均匀,在猪有精神不振、食欲不佳、发热、咳嗽的猪瘟症状时开始使用,每天2-3次。
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