CN108522199A - A kind of ecological circulation type breeding method to purify water with water plant water lily - Google Patents

A kind of ecological circulation type breeding method to purify water with water plant water lily Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108522199A
CN108522199A CN201810626806.XA CN201810626806A CN108522199A CN 108522199 A CN108522199 A CN 108522199A CN 201810626806 A CN201810626806 A CN 201810626806A CN 108522199 A CN108522199 A CN 108522199A
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parts
water
breeding method
lily
rich
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马晓红
周涛
薛刚
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Jiangsu Dong Zhu View Limited-Liability Co
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Jiangsu Dong Zhu View Limited-Liability Co
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/60Flowers; Ornamental plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12Granules or flakes

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of ecological circulation type breeding method to purify water with water plant water lily, and the breeding method includes the following steps:1) selection of land;2) seedling is chosen;3) it plants;4) it applies fertilizer;5) field management.The breeding method uses special selenium-rich diseases prevention composite fertilizer, and at being grouped as rationally, fertilizer efficiency is long, quick, nutrition of the water lily in Seedling Stage can be effectively increased, it is ensured that seedling grows up healthy and sound, and seedling immunity can be improved, diseases prevention, disease resistance are strong, and breeding method is reasonable, cultivate at low cost.

Description

A kind of ecological circulation type breeding method to purify water with water plant water lily
Technical field
The invention belongs to water plant Cultivating techniques fields, and in particular, to one kind purifies water with water plant water lily Ecological circulation type breeding method.
Background technology
Can growing plants in water, be referred to as water plant.Water plant is outstanding swimmer or scuba diver. Leaf is soft and transparent, and some is formed as Filamentous, such as hornwort.Filiform leaves can greatly increase the contact area with water, make leaf Son can obtain seldom getable illumination in water to the maximum extent, absorb the carbon dioxide for dissolving seldom in water, ensure photosynthetic The progress of effect.
According to the life style of water plant, it is generally classified as following a few major class:Emergent aquactic plant, floatingleaved plant, heavy water Plant and fluitante and hygrophyte.
Water lily(Scientific name:Nymphaea L.), perennial aquatic and herbaceous;Root-like stock is plump.Petiole is cylindrical, elongated.Leaf is ellipse Circle, floating life, full edge, phyllopodium was heart-shaped, and leaf surface is dark green, and the back side is dark violet in the water surface.Two type of leaf:Swimming, leaf is round or oval, base Portion has sinus, heart-shaped or flechette-type, and normal nothing goes out waterleaf;Submerged leaf film matter is fragile.Flower Dan Sheng, floats on or endures out the water surface;Calyx four Piece, green;Usual eight of petal.Fruit obovate is about 3 centimetres.Big shape, beauty are spent, the water surface is floated on or be higher by, is bloomed daytime Night is closed;Sepal is closely from life;Petal white, blue, yellow or pink, at more wheels, lubrication groove crossfades into stamen sometimes;Connective With or without adjunct;Carpel is cyclic annular, adhesion and is partly submerged in meat cup-shaped holder, and partly heals with it in lower part, top Style is extended into, column cap falls to give birth at recessed column cap disk, ovule, hangs down raw in ovary inner wall.Berry spongioplasm, it is irregular to crack, Underwater is ripe;Seed is hard, is wrapped up for colloid, there is meat cup-shaped aril, and embryo is small, has a small amount of endosperm and enriches outer embryo Breast.
The flower of water lily is made of organs such as sepal, petal, Pistil And Stamen, style, carpel, anthocaulus.Flower Dan Sheng is two Property.4 ~ 5 pieces of its sepal, in green or aubergine or green middle band stain, shape has lanceolar, narrow oval or square round.Flower Flower bud is in long peach-shaped, peach-shaped;Petal usually has oval, width egg shape, square circle, oblong, obovate, wide lanceolar etc., and valve end is slightly Point, or it is slightly blunt.Pattern has red, pink, blue, purple, white etc..Petal has single-lobe, more valves, polyphyll.Thus the size of petal, shape, Color is different because of kind.Gorgeous flower state is constituted from this.Upper to all position of ovary, stamen wraps above carpel before the flowers are in blossom, Then flare up sickle shaped after maturation;Sepal, petal, stamen are helically arranged in the top of holder and ovary wall.Carpel is then cyclic Shape arrangement is embedded within holder and is in symphysis state, and top style detaches, column cap is Filamentous, centered on emulsus protrusion, is in Funnel-form secrets out of column cap object when ripe, and column cap object mainly contains glucose, fructose and amino acid, to attract insect pollination.
Cultivation for water lily, the current country are primarily present following patent document:
The Chinese patent of Publication No. CN106171400A discloses a kind of cultural method of white fairy maiden water lily, including introduces a collection choosing Take, the preparation of cultivation tray, plantation, water level control, fertilizing management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.This method is in white fairy maiden water lily The rational application of fertilizer during cultivation controls water level and using plant insecticide to endangering the aphid of water lily according to the growing state of water lily It is prevented with water lily water snout moth's larva, to the management that water lily is standardized, is cultivated using this method dialogue fairy maiden water lily, in vain The survival rate of fairy maiden water lily is high, plant is flouring, and growing way is good, and pest and disease damage is few, applies fertilizer and rationally control fertilization time by specific aim, Bai Xianzi water lilys bloom more in duration of flowering, do not occur that branches and leaves are excessively flouring and few phenomenon of blooming, can be cultivated using this method Good white fairy maiden water lily potted landscape or flower are obtained, the requirement in market is met.However, the method for transplanting that the patent is provided, is For the cultural method of white fairy maiden water lily, and use fertilizer for custom fertilizer, fertilizer efficiency unobvious.
Invention content
It is above-mentioned to solve the problems, such as, it purifies water with water plant water lily the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Ecological circulation type breeding method, the breeding method use special selenium-rich diseases prevention composite fertilizer, and at being grouped as rationally, fertilizer efficiency is long, It is quick, nutrition of the water lily in Seedling Stage can be effectively increased, it is ensured that and seedling grows up healthy and sound, and seedling immunity can be improved, diseases prevention, Disease resistance is strong, and breeding method is reasonable, cultivates at low cost.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme is that:
A kind of ecological circulation type breeding method to purify water with water plant water lily, the breeding method include the following steps:
1) selection of land
Early April selection ventilation, illumination is good and has the low-lying field of the thick fertile soil of 45 ~ 55cm or the shallow pool, soil layer surface by Down toward upper stack paving sand bed and chad layer;
2) seedling is chosen
Water lily stem tuber is taken, root mass is cut off, cuts off long stem tuber, cuts off old leaf piece and bud, soaking disinfection, before cold-resistant water lily cuts The stem section for holding 5 ~ 8cm, obtains seedling;
3) it plants
Ditching is spaced when plantation on low-lying field or the shallow pool, the depth of ditch is 15 ~ 20cm, and the width of ditch is 10 ~ 20cm, bud and stone Gravel bed is equal, and after kind planting ditch is held successfully, in seedling merging ditch, bud-end is buried or kept flat with 5 ~ 10 ° of angle, covers sand bed successively Covering stem tuber to whole with chad layer is advisable, and 0.5 ~ 1cm of sand layer thickness, chad 1 ~ 2cm of layer thickness are filled to 20 ~ 30cm of the depth of water;
4) it applies fertilizer
After plantation in water lily seedling growth course, every 4 ~ 5 weeks carry out top dressing it is primary, top dressing use the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of selenium-rich, every plant Seedling imposes 40 ~ 50 grams/times;
5) field management
Late April increases the depth of water to 60 ~ 70cm, removes weeds in time, anti-to eliminate aphis and water lily water snout moth's larva, pays attention to cutting residual leaf residual Flower removes sick leaf in time.
Further, the processing that carries out disinfection in 15 ~ 20 minutes is impregnated using the carbendazim of 0.5wt% in step 1), then used The hypochlorite disinfectant of 10wt% 10 ~ 20 minutes.
Further, water temperature is 20 ~ 30 DEG C in step 2).
Further, the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of the selenium-rich includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:Urea:40 ~ 50 parts, amino acid: 10 ~ 20 parts, sodium lignin sulfonate:10 ~ 15 parts, rich sodium selenate:5 ~ 10 parts, ammonium polyphosphate:5 ~ 10 parts, EDTA chelated zincs:1~5 Part, EDTA chelated coppers:1 ~ 5 part, ribavirin:1 ~ 5 part, triazolone:1 ~ 5 part, ferrous sulfate:5 ~ 10 parts, zinc sulfate:5~10 Part, antioxidant:1 ~ 5 part, complexing agent:1 ~ 5 part, deionized water:80 ~ 90 parts.
Further, the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of the selenium-rich includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:Urea:45 ~ 50 parts, amino acid: 15 ~ 20 parts, sodium lignin sulfonate:10 ~ 13 parts, rich sodium selenate:5 ~ 8 parts, ammonium polyphosphate:6 ~ 10 parts, EDTA chelated zincs:1 ~ 3 part, EDTA chelated coppers:2 ~ 5 parts, ribavirin:1 ~ 4 part, triazolone:3 ~ 5 parts, ferrous sulfate:5 ~ 7 parts, zinc sulfate:7 ~ 10 parts, Antioxidant:1 ~ 3 part, complexing agent:2 ~ 5 parts, deionized water:85 ~ 90 parts.
Further, the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of the selenium-rich includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:Urea:45 parts, amino acid:15 Part, sodium lignin sulfonate:13 parts, rich sodium selenate:7 parts, ammonium polyphosphate:8 parts, EDTA chelated zincs:2 parts, EDTA chelated coppers:3 parts, Ribavirin:3 parts, triazolone:4 parts, ferrous sulfate:6 parts, zinc sulfate:7 parts, antioxidant:2 parts, complexing agent:3 parts, go from Sub- water:85 parts.
Further, the complexing agent is carboxymethyl chitosan.
Further, the antioxidant is alkylphenyl naphthyl amine, alkyl diphenylamine or alkylated phenol.
Further, the preparation method of the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of the selenium-rich includes the following steps:Urine is weighed respectively according to proportioning Element, amino acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, rich sodium selenate, ammonium polyphosphate, EDTA chelated zincs, EDTA chelated coppers and 40 ~ 50 parts of deionizations Blender is added in water, under 2000 ~ 3000 revs/min of rotating speed, stirs 20 ~ 40min, adds ribavirin, triazolone, sulphur Sour ferrous iron, zinc sulfate, antioxidant, complexing agent and remaining deionized water, under 3000 ~ 4000 revs/min of rotating speed stirring 10 ~ 15min is uniformly mixed, and shear granulation is dried at a temperature of 100 ~ 120 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, that screening grain size is 2 ~ 4mm Grain is to get the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of the selenium-rich.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The breeding method uses special selenium-rich diseases prevention composite fertilizer, and at being grouped as rationally, fertilizer efficiency is long, quick, can effectively increase Add water lily in the nutrition of Seedling Stage, it is ensured that seedling grows up healthy and sound, and seedling immunity can be improved, and diseases prevention, disease resistance are strong, cultivates Method is reasonable, cultivates at low cost.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of ecological circulation type breeding method to purify water with water plant water lily provided by the present invention, the cultivation Method includes the following steps:
1) selection of land
Early April selection ventilation, illumination is good and has the low-lying field of the thick fertile soil of 45 ~ 55cm or the shallow pool, soil layer surface by Down toward upper stack paving sand bed and chad layer;
2) seedling is chosen
Water lily stem tuber is taken, root mass is cut off, cuts off long stem tuber, cuts off old leaf piece and bud, soaking disinfection, before cold-resistant water lily cuts The stem section for holding 5 ~ 8cm, obtains seedling;
3) it plants
Ditching is spaced when plantation on low-lying field or the shallow pool, the depth of ditch is 15 ~ 20cm, and the width of ditch is 10 ~ 20cm, bud and stone Gravel bed is equal, and after kind planting ditch is held successfully, in seedling merging ditch, bud-end is buried or kept flat with 5 ~ 10 ° of angle, covers sand bed successively Covering stem tuber to whole with chad layer is advisable, and 0.5 ~ 1cm of sand layer thickness, chad 1 ~ 2cm of layer thickness are filled to 20 ~ 30cm of the depth of water;
4) it applies fertilizer
After plantation in water lily seedling growth course, every 4 ~ 5 weeks carry out top dressing it is primary, top dressing use the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of selenium-rich, every plant Seedling imposes 40 ~ 50 grams/times;
5) field management
Late April increases the depth of water to 60 ~ 70cm, removes weeds in time, anti-to eliminate aphis and water lily water snout moth's larva, pays attention to cutting residual leaf residual Flower removes sick leaf in time.
Further, the processing that carries out disinfection in 15 ~ 20 minutes is impregnated using the carbendazim of 0.5wt% in step 1), then used The hypochlorite disinfectant of 10wt% 10 ~ 20 minutes.
Further, water temperature is 20 ~ 30 DEG C in step 2).
Further, the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of the selenium-rich includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:Urea:40 ~ 50 parts, amino acid: 10 ~ 20 parts, sodium lignin sulfonate:10 ~ 15 parts, rich sodium selenate:5 ~ 10 parts, ammonium polyphosphate:5 ~ 10 parts, EDTA chelated zincs:1~5 Part, EDTA chelated coppers:1 ~ 5 part, ribavirin:1 ~ 5 part, triazolone:1 ~ 5 part, ferrous sulfate:5 ~ 10 parts, zinc sulfate:5~10 Part, antioxidant:1 ~ 5 part, complexing agent:1 ~ 5 part, deionized water:80 ~ 90 parts.
Further, the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of the selenium-rich includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:Urea:45 ~ 50 parts, amino acid: 15 ~ 20 parts, sodium lignin sulfonate:10 ~ 13 parts, rich sodium selenate:5 ~ 8 parts, ammonium polyphosphate:6 ~ 10 parts, EDTA chelated zincs:1 ~ 3 part, EDTA chelated coppers:2 ~ 5 parts, ribavirin:1 ~ 4 part, triazolone:3 ~ 5 parts, ferrous sulfate:5 ~ 7 parts, zinc sulfate:7 ~ 10 parts, Antioxidant:1 ~ 3 part, complexing agent:2 ~ 5 parts, deionized water:85 ~ 90 parts.
Further, the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of the selenium-rich includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:Urea:45 parts, amino acid:15 Part, sodium lignin sulfonate:13 parts, rich sodium selenate:7 parts, ammonium polyphosphate:8 parts, EDTA chelated zincs:2 parts, EDTA chelated coppers:3 parts, Ribavirin:3 parts, triazolone:4 parts, ferrous sulfate:6 parts, zinc sulfate:7 parts, antioxidant:2 parts, complexing agent:3 parts, go from Sub- water:85 parts.
Further, the complexing agent is carboxymethyl chitosan.
Further, the antioxidant is alkylphenyl naphthyl amine, alkyl diphenylamine or alkylated phenol.
Further, the preparation method of the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of the selenium-rich includes the following steps:Urine is weighed respectively according to proportioning Element, amino acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, rich sodium selenate, ammonium polyphosphate, EDTA chelated zincs, EDTA chelated coppers and 40 ~ 50 parts of deionizations Blender is added in water, under 2000 ~ 3000 revs/min of rotating speed, stirs 20 ~ 40min, adds ribavirin, triazolone, sulphur Sour ferrous iron, zinc sulfate, antioxidant, complexing agent and remaining deionized water, under 3000 ~ 4000 revs/min of rotating speed stirring 10 ~ 15min is uniformly mixed, and shear granulation is dried at a temperature of 100 ~ 120 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, that screening grain size is 2 ~ 4mm Grain is to get the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of the selenium-rich.
It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although with reference to compared with Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, it can be to the technology of invention Scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the range of technical solution of the present invention, should all cover the power in the present invention In sharp claimed range.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of ecological circulation type breeding method to purify water with water plant water lily, which is characterized in that the breeding method Include the following steps:
1) selection of land
Early April selection ventilation, illumination is good and has the low-lying field of the thick fertile soil of 45 ~ 55cm or the shallow pool, soil layer surface by Down toward upper stack paving sand bed and chad layer;
2) seedling is chosen
Water lily stem tuber is taken, root mass is cut off, cuts off long stem tuber, cuts off old leaf piece and bud, soaking disinfection, before cold-resistant water lily cuts The stem section for holding 5 ~ 8cm, obtains seedling;
3) it plants
Ditching is spaced when plantation on low-lying field or the shallow pool, the depth of ditch is 15 ~ 20cm, and the width of ditch is 10 ~ 20cm, bud and stone Gravel bed is equal, and after kind planting ditch is held successfully, in seedling merging ditch, bud-end is buried or kept flat with 5 ~ 10 ° of angle, covers sand bed successively Covering stem tuber to whole with chad layer is advisable, and 0.5 ~ 1cm of sand layer thickness, chad 1 ~ 2cm of layer thickness are filled to 20 ~ 30cm of the depth of water;
4) it applies fertilizer
After plantation in water lily seedling growth course, every 4 ~ 5 weeks carry out top dressing it is primary, top dressing use the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of selenium-rich, every plant Seedling imposes 40 ~ 50 grams/times;
5) field management
Late April increases the depth of water to 60 ~ 70cm, removes weeds in time, anti-to eliminate aphis and water lily water snout moth's larva, pays attention to cutting residual leaf residual Flower removes sick leaf in time.
2. the ecological circulation type breeding method according to claim 1 to purify water with water plant water lily, feature exist In the middle carbendazim using 0.5wt% of step 1) impregnates the processing that carries out disinfection in 15 ~ 20 minutes, then is disappeared with the sodium hypochlorite of 10wt% Poison 10 ~ 20 minutes.
3. the ecological circulation type breeding method according to claim 1 to purify water with water plant water lily, feature exist In water temperature is 20 ~ 30 DEG C in step 2).
4. the ecological circulation type breeding method according to claim 1 to purify water with water plant water lily, feature exist In the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of selenium-rich includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:Urea:40 ~ 50 parts, amino acid:10 ~ 20 parts, lignin Sodium sulfonate:10 ~ 15 parts, rich sodium selenate:5 ~ 10 parts, ammonium polyphosphate:5 ~ 10 parts, EDTA chelated zincs:1 ~ 5 part, EDTA chelated coppers:1~ 5 parts, ribavirin:1 ~ 5 part, triazolone:1 ~ 5 part, ferrous sulfate:5 ~ 10 parts, zinc sulfate:5 ~ 10 parts, antioxidant:1 ~ 5 part, Complexing agent:1 ~ 5 part, deionized water:80 ~ 90 parts.
5. the ecological circulation type breeding method to purify water with water plant water lily stated according to claim 4, which is characterized in that The disease-resistant composite fertilizer of selenium-rich includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:Urea:45 ~ 50 parts, amino acid:15 ~ 20 parts, lignin sulfonic acid Sodium:10 ~ 13 parts, rich sodium selenate:5 ~ 8 parts, ammonium polyphosphate:6 ~ 10 parts, EDTA chelated zincs:1 ~ 3 part, EDTA chelated coppers:2 ~ 5 parts, Ribavirin:1 ~ 4 part, triazolone:3 ~ 5 parts, ferrous sulfate:5 ~ 7 parts, zinc sulfate:7 ~ 10 parts, antioxidant:1 ~ 3 part, complexing Agent:2 ~ 5 parts, deionized water:85 ~ 90 parts.
6. the ecological circulation type breeding method according to claim 4 to purify water with water plant water lily, feature exist In the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of selenium-rich includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:Urea:45 parts, amino acid:15 parts, sodium lignin sulfonate: 13 parts, rich sodium selenate:7 parts, ammonium polyphosphate:8 parts, EDTA chelated zincs:2 parts, EDTA chelated coppers:3 parts, ribavirin:3 parts, Triazolone:4 parts, ferrous sulfate:6 parts, zinc sulfate:7 parts, antioxidant:2 parts, complexing agent:3 parts, deionized water:85 parts.
7. the ecological circulation type breeding method according to claim 4 to purify water with water plant water lily, feature exist In the complexing agent is carboxymethyl chitosan.
8. the ecological circulation type breeding method according to claim 4 to purify water with water plant water lily, feature exist In the antioxidant is alkylphenyl naphthyl amine, alkyl diphenylamine or alkylated phenol.
9. the ecological circulation type cultivation side to purify water with water plant water lily according to any one of claim 4 ~ 8 Method, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the disease-resistant composite fertilizer of selenium-rich includes the following steps:According to proportioning weigh respectively urea, Amino acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, rich sodium selenate, ammonium polyphosphate, EDTA chelated zincs, EDTA chelated coppers and 40 ~ 50 parts of deionized waters Blender is added, under 2000 ~ 3000 revs/min of rotating speed, stirs 20 ~ 40min, adds ribavirin, triazolone, sulfuric acid Ferrous iron, zinc sulfate, antioxidant, complexing agent and remaining deionized water, stir 10 ~ 15min under 3000 ~ 4000 revs/min of rotating speed, Be uniformly mixed, shear granulation is dried at a temperature of 100 ~ 120 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, screening grain size be 2 ~ 4mm particle to get The disease-resistant composite fertilizer of selenium-rich.
CN201810626806.XA 2018-06-19 2018-06-19 A kind of ecological circulation type breeding method to purify water with water plant water lily Pending CN108522199A (en)

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CN109258376A (en) * 2018-11-17 2019-01-25 安徽阜阳金丰生态农业有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of water lily
CN113349009A (en) * 2021-05-29 2021-09-07 西双版纳宝翠香莲生物科技有限公司 Planting method of tropical water lily
CN113348987A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-09-07 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 Efficient germination method for water lily seeds

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