CN108507198A - A kind of photo-thermal power generation high-temp solid hold over system - Google Patents
A kind of photo-thermal power generation high-temp solid hold over system Download PDFInfo
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
本发明提供一种光热发电高温固体蓄热系统，包括取热、蓄热和用热三个子系统，系统通过多面定日镜将太阳光聚焦到塔式太阳能集热器上，循环空气与集热器内的高温吸热板进行辐射对流加热获得高温，高温空气一路进入高温固体蓄热器使蓄热温度高达900℃，另一路高温空气可直接进入空气热用户或进入蒸汽锅炉产生过热蒸汽，过热蒸汽进入汽轮机组做功发电后再供低压蒸汽热用户，实现热电联产。本系统能连续稳定安全可靠地提供高温热源，使用热子系统能够全天候运行，同时能满足多种不同要求的热用户，能源利用效率大大的提高，减少了常规能源的使用,有效减少了环境污染，经济社会效益良好。
The invention provides a high-temperature solid heat storage system for photothermal power generation, which includes three subsystems of heat extraction, heat storage and heat utilization. The high-temperature heat-absorbing plate in the heater is heated by radiation and convection to obtain high temperature. One way of high-temperature air enters the high-temperature solid heat accumulator to make the heat storage temperature as high as 900°C. The other high-temperature air can directly enter the air heat user or enter the steam boiler to generate superheated steam. The superheated steam enters the steam turbine unit to generate power and then is supplied to the low-pressure steam heat user to realize cogeneration of heat and power. The system can continuously, stably, safely and reliably provide high-temperature heat sources, and the thermal subsystem can run around the clock. At the same time, it can meet a variety of heat users with different requirements. The energy utilization efficiency is greatly improved, the use of conventional energy is reduced, and environmental pollution is effectively reduced. , good economic and social benefits.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及能量存储技术领域，尤其是涉及一种光热发电高温固体蓄热系统。The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a high-temperature solid heat storage system for photothermal power generation.
背景技术Background technique
目前太阳能光热利用最成功的例子就是太阳能热水器。由于太阳能热水器的各项技术要求和热水的温度较低(一般在40～90℃)，且主要用于生活用热水，推广量大，目前得到了最为广泛的应用。但是，由于普通太阳能热水器的水温较低，限制了在工业上的推广应用。At present, the most successful example of solar thermal utilization is solar water heaters. Due to the various technical requirements of solar water heaters and the low temperature of hot water (generally 40-90°C), and it is mainly used for domestic hot water, it has been widely promoted and is currently the most widely used. However, due to the low water temperature of ordinary solar water heaters, the industrial application is limited.
近几年来，中高温太阳能光热利用技术得到国内研究机构和相关企业的极大关注，主要集中在大型光热发电技术的研究方面，光热发电技术中最关键技术是聚光方式，目前有三种聚光方式：蝶式、槽式和塔式，其中以槽式和塔式太阳能光热发电研究最多，国家自然科学基金、科技部、国家发改委、省科技厅列项支持了大量的基础研究和产品的开发研究。In recent years, medium and high temperature solar thermal utilization technology has received great attention from domestic research institutions and related enterprises, mainly focusing on the research of large-scale solar thermal power generation technology. The most critical technology in solar thermal power generation technology is the concentrating method. Concentration methods: butterfly type, trough type and tower type, among which trough type and tower type solar thermal power generation are the most researched, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Provincial Department of Science and Technology have listed a large number of basic research projects and product development research.
太阳能随天气、季节、昼夜有很大的变化，因此要连续、稳定可靠地进行太阳能光热利用，另一个核心问题就是储热技术。Solar energy varies greatly with the weather, seasons, and day and night. Therefore, in order to continuously, stably and reliably utilize solar energy, another core issue is heat storage technology.
对于大型太阳能光热发电项目、必须采用高温储热技术，也就是采用熔盐为储热介质，熔盐具有温度高、压力低特点，既可以是储热介质又是热媒介质，熔盐储热是目前太阳能进行高温发电必须需攻克的核心技术之一，但是熔盐的凝固点很高，采用熔盐储热技术难度较大，需要克服诸多难题，进行试验研究投入也很大，必须较大的财力支撑。For large-scale solar thermal power generation projects, high-temperature heat storage technology must be adopted, that is, molten salt is used as the heat storage medium. Heat is one of the core technologies that must be overcome for high-temperature power generation by solar energy at present. However, the freezing point of molten salt is very high, and it is difficult to use molten salt heat storage technology. Many problems need to be overcome, and the investment in experimental research is also large. financial support.
对于中小型太阳能光热利用项目，只有提高蓄热的温度，提供更高温度的热能，才能应用到各种工业用热过程(干燥、加热、反应、印染、蒸煮等)或进行光热发电或其它使用范围(采暖、通风、制冷、空调)。本发明设计了一种光热发电高温固体蓄热系统，利用固体高温蓄热来提高太阳能利用温度，能连续稳定提供高温热源。For small and medium-sized solar thermal utilization projects, only by increasing the heat storage temperature and providing higher temperature heat energy can it be applied to various industrial heat processes (drying, heating, reaction, printing and dyeing, cooking, etc.) or for solar thermal power generation or Other areas of use (heating, ventilation, refrigeration, air conditioning). The present invention designs a high-temperature solid heat storage system for photothermal power generation, which uses solid high-temperature heat storage to increase the temperature of solar energy utilization, and can continuously and stably provide high-temperature heat sources.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是：为了克服现有技术中蓄热温度低的问题，提供一种光热发电高温固体蓄热系统，利用高温固体蓄热材料提高蓄热器蓄热温度，保证全天候热用户用水、用汽和发电系统的运行，进一步提高了太阳能的利用效率。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the problem of low heat storage temperature in the prior art, provide a high-temperature solid heat storage system for photothermal power generation, use high-temperature solid heat storage materials to increase the heat storage temperature of the heat accumulator, and ensure all-weather The operation of heat users' water, steam and power generation systems further improves the utilization efficiency of solar energy.
本发明解决其技术问题所要采用的技术方案是：一种光热发电高温固体蓄热系统，包括取热系统、蓄热系统和用热系统三个子系统，系统采用空气作为热媒介质，蓄热器采用耐高温固体颗粒为蓄热体，各子系统通过保温管道连接在一起，热媒在循环风机的驱动下、通过控制阀来改变流向，在不同的管道内循环流动完成取热、蓄热和用热三个过程。取热系统由多个定日镜、塔式太阳能集热器、集热器进风管、集热器出风管、循环风机、风机出口管、风机进口管、回风总管、送风总管、再循环管组成；蓄热系统由多个高温固体蓄热器、蓄热进风总管、蓄热进风分管、蓄热出风分管、蓄热出风总管、蓄热出风再热管、蓄热出风供热管组成，用热系统由直接空气热用户和热电联产系组成，热电联产系统由锅炉进风管、锅炉、锅炉出风管、汽轮机、发电机、冷凝器、泵、回热器、蒸汽热用户组成。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a high-temperature solid heat storage system for photothermal power generation, including three subsystems: a heat extraction system, a heat storage system, and a heat utilization system. The system uses air as the heat medium, and heat storage The heat storage device adopts high-temperature-resistant solid particles as the heat storage body, and the subsystems are connected together through thermal insulation pipes. Driven by the circulating fan, the heat medium changes the flow direction through the control valve, and circulates in different pipes to complete heat extraction and heat storage. And three processes with heat. The heat extraction system consists of multiple heliostats, tower solar collectors, collector air inlet pipes, collector air outlet pipes, circulation fans, fan outlet pipes, fan inlet pipes, return air main pipes, air supply main pipes, Composed of recirculation pipes; heat storage system consists of multiple high-temperature solid heat accumulators, heat storage air inlet main pipe, heat storage air inlet branch pipe, heat storage air outlet branch pipe, heat storage air outlet main pipe, heat storage air outlet reheat pipe, heat storage The heat supply system consists of direct air heat users and combined heat and power system. The combined heat and power system consists of boiler inlet pipe, boiler, boiler outlet pipe, steam turbine, generator, condenser, pump, return Heater, steam heat users.
循环风机的风机进口管与回风总管连通，风机出口管与集热器进风管连通，集热器进风管与集热器前端两侧的进口布风管连通，集热器出风管与送风总管连通，再循环管一端与风机出风管连通，另一端与送风总管连通；蓄热进风总管一端与送风总管连通，另一端与蓄热器进风管连通，蓄热出风总管一端与蓄热器出风管连通，另一端与蓄热出风再热管和蓄热出风供热管连通；空气热用户进风口管分别与送风总管和蓄热出风供热管连通，空气热用户出风口管与回风总管连通，锅炉过热器进口分别与送风总管和蓄热出风供热管连通，锅炉出风管与回风总管连通；The fan inlet pipe of the circulating fan is connected with the return air main pipe, the fan outlet pipe is connected with the collector air pipe, the collector air pipe is connected with the inlet distribution pipe on both sides of the front end of the heat collector, and the collector outlet pipe is It is connected with the air supply main pipe, one end of the recirculation pipe is connected with the fan outlet pipe, and the other end is connected with the air supply main pipe; one end of the heat storage air inlet main pipe is connected with the air supply main pipe, and the other end is connected with the heat accumulator air inlet pipe. One end of the air outlet main pipe is connected with the air outlet pipe of the regenerator, and the other end is connected with the heat storage outlet air reheat pipe and the heat storage outlet air heating pipe; the air heat user air inlet pipe is connected with the air supply main pipe and the heat storage outlet air heat supply pipe respectively The pipes are connected, the air outlet pipe of the air heating user is connected with the return air main pipe, the inlet of the boiler superheater is connected with the air supply main pipe and the heat storage outlet air heat supply pipe respectively, and the boiler air outlet pipe is connected with the return air main pipe;
多个能跟踪太阳的定日镜将太阳光反射到塔式集热器上，所述塔式太阳能集热器由多块耐高温多孔介质弧形吸热板构成，所述塔式太阳能集热器外部设有保温层，所述塔式太阳能集热器前面设有循环热风汇流罩，后面设有热风汇流通道。A plurality of heliostats that can track the sun reflect sunlight to the tower heat collector. An insulation layer is provided on the outside of the solar collector, a circulating hot air confluence cover is provided in front of the tower solar collector, and a hot air confluence channel is provided in the back.
进一步，高温固体蓄热子系统由多个所述高温固体蓄热器有并联运行，高温固体蓄热器用于热能的存储，所述高温固体蓄热器内部的填充有高温固体蓄热体，所述高温固体蓄热体为不规则的耐高温固体颗粒，如陶瓷球-高铝体，所述高温固体蓄热器外部依次设有耐火材料层、耐热钢结构层、保温层和保温反射层；所述高温固体蓄热器的前端设有分流栅板，后端设有汇流栅板。进入高温蓄热系统的热媒介质与不规则高温固体蓄热体以对流换热的方式进行热交换，多个高温固体蓄热器逐个按顺序进行加热。Further, the high-temperature solid heat storage sub-system consists of multiple high-temperature solid heat accumulators running in parallel. The high-temperature solid heat accumulators are used to store heat energy, and the high-temperature solid heat accumulators are filled with high-temperature solid heat accumulators. The high-temperature solid regenerator is an irregular high-temperature-resistant solid particle, such as a ceramic ball-high-aluminum body, and the high-temperature solid regenerator is provided with a refractory material layer, a heat-resistant steel structure layer, an insulation layer, and an insulation reflection layer in sequence. ; The front end of the high-temperature solid heat accumulator is provided with a diversion grid, and the rear end is provided with a confluence grid. The heat medium entering the high-temperature heat storage system exchanges heat with the irregular high-temperature solid heat storage body in the form of convective heat exchange, and multiple high-temperature solid heat storage devices are heated one by one in sequence.
所述蓄热系统还包括设置在高温固体蓄热器前后的蓄热器进风阀、蓄热器进出阀，以及设置在总管路上的蓄热器再热阀和蓄热器送热阀，可以有效的控制高温固体蓄热器的充放热；所述蓄热器进风阀设置在所述固体蓄热器进口端的蓄热进风分管上，所述蓄热器进出阀设置在所述固体蓄热器出口端的蓄热出风分管上；所述蓄热器再热阀设置在所述蓄热出风再热管上，所述蓄热器送热阀设置在所述蓄热出风供热管上。The heat storage system also includes heat accumulator air inlet valves, heat accumulator inlet and outlet valves arranged before and after the high-temperature solid heat accumulator, and heat accumulator reheat valves and heat accumulator heat delivery valves arranged on the main pipeline, which can Effectively control the charge and discharge of high-temperature solid heat accumulator; the air inlet valve of the heat accumulator is set on the heat storage air inlet pipe of the inlet end of the solid heat accumulator, and the air inlet and outlet valve of the heat accumulator is set on the solid heat accumulator On the heat storage air outlet branch pipe at the outlet end of the heat storage; pipe on.
进一步，所述热电联产系统由锅炉、汽轮机、发电机、冷凝器、给水泵、回热器和蒸汽热用户组成；锅炉饱和蒸汽出口管分别与过热器进口管和蒸汽热用户连通，过热器出口管分别与汽轮机进口管和蒸汽热用户连通，汽轮机抽汽管分别与蒸汽热用户和回热器进口连通，汽轮机排汽管与冷凝器进口连通，冷凝器的出口与给水泵的进口连通，给水泵的出口与回热器的进口连通，回热器的出口与锅炉的进水管连通。Further, the combined heat and power system is composed of a boiler, a steam turbine, a generator, a condenser, a feed water pump, a regenerator and a steam heat user; the saturated steam outlet pipe of the boiler is respectively connected with the superheater inlet pipe and the steam heat user, The outlet pipe is respectively connected with the steam turbine inlet pipe and the steam heat user, the steam turbine extraction pipe is respectively connected with the steam heat user and the regenerator inlet, the steam turbine exhaust pipe is connected with the condenser inlet, and the condenser outlet is connected with the feed water pump inlet, The outlet of the feed water pump is connected with the inlet of the regenerator, and the outlet of the regenerator is connected with the water inlet pipe of the boiler.
保温管道包括塔式太阳能集热器连接固体蓄热器的管道、连接热用户的管道、连接锅炉的管道，固体蓄热器连接空气热用户、连接锅炉的管道，锅炉连接汽轮机、发电机、冷凝器、给水泵、回热器和蒸汽热用户的管道。Insulation pipes include pipes connecting tower solar collectors to solid heat accumulators, pipes connecting heat users, pipes connecting boilers, solid heat accumulators connecting pipes to air heat users, pipes connecting boilers, boilers connecting steam turbines, generators, condensing Pipelines for boilers, feed water pumps, recuperators and steam heat users.
所述控制阀控制从塔式太阳能集热器集热的热空气进入系统；所述控制阀控制热媒介质由总管道直接进入热用户；所述控制阀控制热媒介质由总管道直接进入锅炉与锅炉水换热；所述热媒介质经过控制阀、风机、控制阀进入太阳能集热器；所述高温固体蓄热器放热热用户为经过换热的高温热媒介质经过控制阀供给热用户，换热后的低温热媒介经过风机和控制阀重新进入高温固体蓄热器换热；所述高温固体蓄热器放热锅炉为经过换热的高温热媒介质经过控制阀与锅炉炉水换热，换热后的低温热媒介质经过风机和控制阀重新进入高温固体蓄热器换热。The control valve controls the hot air collected from the tower solar collector to enter the system; the control valve controls the heat medium to directly enter the heat user from the main pipeline; the control valve controls the heat medium to directly enter the boiler from the main pipeline Exchange heat with boiler water; the heat medium enters the solar collector through the control valve, fan, and control valve; the high-temperature solid heat accumulator releases heat for the user to supply heat to the high-temperature heat medium that has undergone heat exchange through the control valve The user, after heat exchange, the low-temperature heat medium re-enters the high-temperature solid heat accumulator for heat exchange through the fan and the control valve; Heat exchange, the low-temperature heat medium after heat exchange re-enters the high-temperature solid heat accumulator through the fan and the control valve for heat exchange.
具体的所述热电联产子系统为当锅炉内的水升到较高的温度时，一路用来供给蒸汽热用户，另一路作用于汽轮机；作用于汽轮机的高温蒸汽一部分经过抽汽用于蒸汽热用户，一部分用于发电机发电，冷却的低温热媒介质经过冷凝器、给水泵和回热器重新进入锅炉。Specifically, the cogeneration sub-system is that when the water in the boiler rises to a higher temperature, one path is used to supply steam heat users, and the other path acts on the steam turbine; part of the high-temperature steam acting on the steam turbine is used for steam extraction Heat users, part of which is used for generator power generation, and the cooled low-temperature heat medium re-enters the boiler through the condenser, feed water pump and regenerator.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)高温固体蓄热子系统与热电联产子系统相结合，解决了太阳能的不稳定性。高温固体蓄热器温度可高达900℃以上，提高了有效储存空间内更高的能量密度；(1) The high-temperature solid heat storage subsystem is combined with the cogeneration subsystem to solve the instability of solar energy. The temperature of the high-temperature solid heat accumulator can be as high as 900°C, which improves the energy density in the effective storage space;
(2)由于采用高温固体蓄热子系统，使得热电联产子系统连续稳定运行，获得更高的过热蒸汽温度，使汽轮发电机组的发电效率更高；(2) Due to the high-temperature solid thermal storage subsystem, the cogeneration subsystem operates continuously and stably, obtaining higher superheated steam temperature, and making the power generation efficiency of the turbogenerator higher;
(3)本发明选用热空气为热媒介质，避免了液态金属或熔盐的不稳定性、输送条件困难、运行安全和成本太高等。同时择优选取了不规则耐高温固体颗粒为蓄热体(陶瓷球-高铝球Al2O3·SiO2)作为蓄热器内的蓄热材料，具有耐高温、来源广、价格低、稳定性好，整体蓄热器的总投资较低。(3) The present invention uses hot air as the heat medium, avoiding the instability of liquid metal or molten salt, difficult transportation conditions, safe operation and high cost. At the same time, irregular high-temperature-resistant solid particles were selected as the heat storage body (ceramic ball-high aluminum ball Al2O3 SiO2) as the heat storage material in the heat accumulator, which has high temperature resistance, wide source, low price, and good stability. The total investment of heat accumulator is lower.
(4)本发明可实现了多功能高效利用太阳能，太阳能不仅能够直接供给热空气用户，而且高温空气进入锅炉产生过热蒸汽，过热蒸汽进入汽轮机组做功发电后的低压蒸汽再供低压蒸汽热用户，实现热电联产。高温固体蓄热子系统的使用，使得热能供给能够更加连续、持久，减少了其他能源对整个系统的能量补充，使得太阳能利用更加合理、经济。(4) The present invention can realize multifunctional and high-efficiency utilization of solar energy. Solar energy can not only directly supply hot air users, but also high-temperature air enters the boiler to generate superheated steam, and the low-pressure steam after the superheated steam enters the steam turbine unit for power generation is then supplied to low-pressure steam heat users. Realize cogeneration of heat and power. The use of high-temperature solid heat storage subsystems enables more continuous and lasting heat energy supply, reduces the energy supplement of other energy sources to the whole system, and makes the use of solar energy more reasonable and economical.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
图1是本发明的一种光热发电高温固体蓄热系统示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-temperature solid heat storage system for photothermal power generation of the present invention;
图2是本发明的塔式太阳能集热器示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tower solar collector of the present invention;
图3是本发明的高温固体蓄热器示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature solid heat accumulator of the present invention;
图4是本发明的蒸汽锅炉的示意图；Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of steam boiler of the present invention;
图中：1.取热系统，11.定日镜，12.塔式太阳能集热器，121.吸热板，122.进口布风管，123.汇流罩，124.热风汇流通道；13.集热器进风管，14.集热器出风管，15.循环风机，16.风机出口管，17.风机进口管，18.回风总管，19.送风总管，110.再循环管，141.集热器进风阀，142.集热器出风阀，143.循环风阀；In the figure: 1. Heat extraction system, 11. Heliostat, 12. Tower solar collector, 121. Heat absorbing plate, 122. Imported air distribution pipe, 123. Confluence cover, 124. Hot air confluence channel; 13. Collector air inlet pipe, 14. Collector air outlet pipe, 15. Circulation fan, 16. Fan outlet pipe, 17. Fan inlet pipe, 18. Return air main pipe, 19. Air supply main pipe, 110. Recirculation pipe , 141. collector air valve, 142. collector outlet valve, 143. circulation air valve;
2.蓄热系统，21.固体蓄热器，211.高温固体蓄热体，212.耐火材料层，213.耐热钢结构层，214.保温层，215.保温反射层，216.分流栅板，217.汇流栅板；22.蓄热进风总管，23.蓄热进风分管，24.蓄热出风分管，25.蓄热出风总管，26.蓄热出风再热管，27.蓄热出风供热管；241.1#蓄热器进风阀，242.1#蓄热器出风阀，243.2#蓄热器进风阀，244.2#蓄热器出风阀，245.3#蓄热器进风阀，246.3#蓄热器出风阀，247.蓄热器再热阀，248.蓄热器送热阀；2. Heat storage system, 21. Solid heat accumulator, 211. High-temperature solid heat storage body, 212. Refractory material layer, 213. Heat-resistant steel structure layer, 214. Insulation layer, 215. Insulation reflection layer, 216. Diverter grid Plate, 217. Convergence grid; 22. Heat storage air inlet main pipe, 23. Heat storage air inlet branch pipe, 24. Heat storage air outlet branch pipe, 25. Heat storage air outlet main pipe, 26. Heat storage air outlet reheat pipe, 27 .Heat supply pipe for heat storage outlet air; 241.1# heat accumulator air inlet valve, 242.1# heat accumulator air outlet valve, 243.2# heat accumulator air inlet valve, 244.2# heat accumulator air outlet valve, 245.3# heat accumulator Air inlet valve, 246.3# heat accumulator air outlet valve, 247. heat accumulator reheat valve, 248. heat accumulator heat delivery valve;
3.用热系统，31.空气热用户，32.空气热用户进风管，33.空气热用户出风管，34.锅炉进风管，35.锅炉，36.锅炉出风管，37.汽轮机，38.发电机，39.冷凝器，310.给水泵，311.回热器，312.蒸汽热用户；351.过热器，352.蒸发换热管，353.饱和蒸汽出口管，354.锅炉出风箱，355.排污管，356.进水管；341.空气热用户进风阀、342.锅炉过热器进风阀。3. Heat system, 31. Air heat user, 32. Air heat user inlet pipe, 33. Air heat user outlet pipe, 34. Boiler air inlet pipe, 35. Boiler, 36. Boiler outlet pipe, 37. Steam turbine, 38. Generator, 39. Condenser, 310. Feed water pump, 311. Regenerator, 312. Steam heat user; 351. Superheater, 352. Evaporation heat exchange tube, 353. Saturated steam outlet pipe, 354. Boiler air outlet box, 355. Sewage pipe, 356. Water inlet pipe; 341. Air heating user inlet valve, 342. Boiler superheater inlet valve.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
现在结合附图对本发明作详细的说明。此图为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。The present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with accompanying drawing now. This figure is a simplified schematic diagram only illustrating the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so it only shows the components relevant to the present invention.
如图1所示，本发明的一种光热发电高温固体蓄热系统，包括取热系统1、蓄热系统2和用热系统3三个子系统，As shown in Figure 1, a high-temperature solid heat storage system for photothermal power generation according to the present invention includes three subsystems: a heat extraction system 1, a heat storage system 2, and a heat utilization system 3.
所述取热系统1包括多个定日镜11、塔式太阳能集热器12、集热器进风管13、集热器出风管14、循环风机15、风机出口管16、风机进口管17、回风总管18、送风总管19和再循环管110，所述定日镜11反射太阳光至塔式太阳能集热器12上，所述塔式太阳能集热器12的进风口依次经过集热器进风管13和风机出口管16连接至循环风机15的出风口，所述循环风机15的进风口依次连接风机进口管17和回风总管18，所述塔式太阳能集热器12的出风口经集热器出风管14连接至送风总管19，所述再循环管110一端连接至送风总管19，另一端经风机出口管16连接至循环风机15的出风口；集热器进风管13上设置集热器进风阀141，集热器出风管14上设置集热器出风阀142，再循环管110设置循环风阀143，分别用于控制集热器进风管13、集热器出风管14和再循环管110的通断。The heat extraction system 1 includes a plurality of heliostats 11, a tower solar collector 12, a heat collector air inlet pipe 13, a heat collector air outlet pipe 14, a circulating fan 15, a fan outlet pipe 16, and a fan inlet pipe 17. Return air main pipe 18, air supply main pipe 19 and recirculation pipe 110, the heliostat 11 reflects sunlight to the tower solar collector 12, and the air inlet of the tower solar collector 12 passes through in turn The heat collector air inlet pipe 13 and the fan outlet pipe 16 are connected to the air outlet of the circulating fan 15, and the air inlet of the circulating fan 15 is connected to the fan inlet pipe 17 and the return air main pipe 18 in turn, and the tower solar collector 12 The air outlet of the air outlet is connected to the air supply main pipe 19 through the heat collector air outlet pipe 14, and one end of the recirculation pipe 110 is connected to the air supply main pipe 19, and the other end is connected to the air outlet of the circulating fan 15 through the fan outlet pipe 16; The collector air inlet valve 141 is set on the air inlet pipe 13 of the collector, the collector air outlet valve 142 is arranged on the collector air outlet pipe 14, and the recirculation air valve 143 is arranged on the recirculation pipe 110, which are respectively used to control the collector air intake. Air pipe 13, heat collector air outlet pipe 14 and recirculation pipe 110 on-off.
所述塔式太阳能集热器12包括设置在前端的多块耐高温多孔结构弧形吸热板121，所述弧形吸热板121两侧设有进口布风管122，所述弧形吸热板121后端设有汇流罩123和热风汇流通道124，所述进口布风管122与集热器进风管13连通，所述热风汇流通道124与所述集热器出风管14连通。The tower solar heat collector 12 includes a plurality of arc-shaped heat-absorbing plates 121 with high-temperature-resistant porous structure arranged at the front end, and inlet air distribution pipes 122 are arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped heat-absorbing plates 121, and the arc-shaped absorbing plates 121 The rear end of the heat plate 121 is provided with a confluence cover 123 and a hot air confluence channel 124, the inlet air distribution pipe 122 communicates with the heat collector air inlet pipe 13, and the hot air confluence channel 124 communicates with the heat collector air outlet pipe 14 .
所述蓄热系统2包括多个并联运行的高温固体蓄热器21、蓄热进风总管22、蓄热进风分管23、蓄热出风分管24、蓄热出风总管25、蓄热出风再热管26和蓄热出风供热管27，所述固体蓄热器21的进口通过蓄热进风分管23连接至蓄热进风总管22，所述蓄热进风总管22连接至送风总管19，所述固体蓄热器21的出口通过蓄热出风分管24汇流至蓄热出风总管25，所述蓄热出风总管25分别连接至蓄热出风再热管26和蓄热出风供热管27；The heat storage system 2 includes a plurality of high-temperature solid heat accumulators 21 running in parallel, a heat storage air inlet main pipe 22, a heat storage air inlet branch pipe 23, a heat storage air outlet branch pipe 24, a heat storage air outlet main pipe 25, and a heat storage outlet pipe. Wind reheating pipe 26 and heat storage outlet air heat supply pipe 27, the inlet of the solid heat accumulator 21 is connected to the heat storage air inlet main pipe 22 through the heat storage air inlet branch pipe 23, and the heat storage air inlet main pipe 22 is connected to the delivery The air main pipe 19, the outlet of the solid heat accumulator 21 converges to the heat storage air outlet main pipe 25 through the heat storage air outlet branch pipe 24, and the heat storage air outlet main pipe 25 is respectively connected to the heat storage air outlet reheat pipe 26 and the heat storage Outlet heat supply pipe 27;
所述高温固体蓄热器21内部填充有高温固体蓄热体211；所述高温固体蓄热器21外部依次设有耐火材料层212、耐热钢结构层213、保温层214和保温反射层215；所述高温固体蓄热器21的前端设有分流栅板216，后端设有汇流栅板217。The interior of the high-temperature solid heat accumulator 21 is filled with a high-temperature solid heat accumulator 211; the exterior of the high-temperature solid heat accumulator 21 is sequentially provided with a refractory material layer 212, a heat-resistant steel structure layer 213, an insulation layer 214, and an insulation reflection layer 215. ; The front end of the high-temperature solid heat accumulator 21 is provided with a diversion grid 216, and the rear end is provided with a confluence grid 217.
所述高温固体蓄热体211为不规则的耐高温固体颗粒，如陶瓷球-高铝体。The high-temperature solid regenerator 211 is an irregular high-temperature-resistant solid particle, such as a ceramic ball-high alumina body.
所述蓄热系统2还包括蓄热器进风阀、蓄热器进出阀、蓄热器再热阀247和蓄热器送热阀248，所述蓄热器进风阀设置在所述固体蓄热器21进口端的蓄热进风分管23上，所述蓄热器进出阀设置在所述固体蓄热器21出口端的蓄热出风分管24上；所述蓄热器再热阀247设置在所述蓄热出风再热管26上，所述蓄热器送热阀248设置在所述蓄热出风供热管27上。The heat storage system 2 also includes a heat accumulator inlet valve, a heat accumulator inlet and outlet valve, a heat accumulator reheat valve 247 and a heat accumulator heat delivery valve 248, and the heat accumulator air inlet valve is set on the solid On the heat storage air inlet pipe 23 at the inlet end of the heat accumulator 21, the heat accumulator inlet and outlet valve is set on the heat storage air outlet pipe 24 at the outlet end of the solid heat accumulator 21; the heat accumulator reheat valve 247 is set On the heat storage outlet air reheat pipe 26 , the heat accumulator heat delivery valve 248 is arranged on the heat storage outlet air heat supply pipe 27 .
所述用热系统3包括空气热用户31和热电联产系统，所述空气热用户31一进口通过空气热用户进风管32与送风总管19连通，另一进口通过空气热用户进风管32与蓄热出风供热管27连通，所述空气热用户31的出口通过空气热用户出风管33连接至回风总管18；所述热电联产系统包括锅炉进风管34、锅炉35、锅炉出风管36、汽轮机37、发电机38、冷凝器39、给水泵310、回热器311和蒸汽热用户312，所述送风总管19和蓄热出风供热管27均经过锅炉进风管34与锅炉35连通，所述锅炉35的风出口通过锅炉出风管36与所述回风总管18连通；所述锅炉35包括锅炉过热器351、饱和蒸汽出口管353和进水管356，所述饱和蒸汽出口管353分别与过热器351进口管和蒸汽热用户312连通，过热器351出口管分别与汽轮机37进口管和蒸汽热用户312连通，汽轮机37抽汽管分别与蒸汽热用户312和回热器311进口连通，汽轮机37排汽管与冷凝器39进口连通，冷凝器39的出口与给水泵310的进口连通，给水泵310的出口与回热器311的进口连通，回热器311的出口与进水管356连通。The heat utilization system 3 includes an air heat user 31 and a combined heat and power system. One inlet of the air heat user 31 communicates with the main air supply pipe 19 through the air heat user air inlet pipe 32, and the other inlet passes through the air heat user air inlet pipe. 32 communicates with the heat storage outlet air heat supply pipe 27, and the outlet of the air heat user 31 is connected to the return air main pipe 18 through the air heat user outlet pipe 33; the cogeneration system includes a boiler air inlet pipe 34, a boiler 35 , boiler outlet pipe 36, steam turbine 37, generator 38, condenser 39, feed water pump 310, regenerator 311 and steam heat user 312, the air supply main pipe 19 and heat storage outlet air heat supply pipe 27 all pass through the boiler The air inlet pipe 34 communicates with the boiler 35, and the air outlet of the boiler 35 communicates with the return air main pipe 18 through the boiler air outlet pipe 36; the boiler 35 includes a boiler superheater 351, a saturated steam outlet pipe 353 and a water inlet pipe 356 , the saturated steam outlet pipe 353 communicates with the inlet pipe of the superheater 351 and the steam heat user 312 respectively; 312 is connected to the inlet of regenerator 311, the exhaust pipe of steam turbine 37 is connected to the inlet of condenser 39, the outlet of condenser 39 is connected to the inlet of feed water pump 310, the outlet of feed water pump 310 is connected to the inlet of regenerator 311, and the heat recovery The outlet of device 311 communicates with water inlet pipe 356 .
所述锅炉35还包括蒸发换热管352、锅炉出风箱354和排污管355，所述蒸发换热管352设置在所述锅炉35内部用于热交换，所述锅炉出风箱354设置在所述锅炉35的出风口上，所述排污管355设置在所述锅炉35的底部用于排除锅炉35内的污物。The boiler 35 also includes an evaporation heat exchange tube 352, a boiler air outlet box 354 and a sewage discharge pipe 355. The evaporation heat exchange tube 352 is arranged inside the boiler 35 for heat exchange, and the boiler air outlet box 354 is arranged in the On the air outlet of the boiler 35 , the blowdown pipe 355 is arranged at the bottom of the boiler 35 for removing the dirt in the boiler 35 .
该系统的工艺流程：Process flow of the system:
本系统由取热系统1、蓄热系统2和用热系统3三个子系统组成，运行方式分为有太阳光时的取热、蓄热和用热过程和无太阳光时的蓄热器放热和用热过程。This system is composed of three subsystems: heat extraction system 1, heat storage system 2 and heat utilization system 3. heat and process with heat.
第一种运行方式：The first way to run:
取热系统1的取热过程：太阳光直接照射到多面定日镜11上，经定日镜11反射集中到塔式太阳能集热器12上的具有多孔结构的耐热高温的弧形吸热板121上，使弧形吸热板121升温达到1500℃以上；循环风机15从回风总管18吸入低温空气，经加压的低温空气送到塔式太阳能集热器12前面两侧的进口布风管122，经进口布风管122上的喷孔喷出后被吸入多孔结构的弧形吸热板121，空气首先被高密度的太阳光辐射加热后，再与弧形吸热板121进行辐射对流加热到较高的温度后完成取热过程，高温空气经汇流罩123汇总到塔式太阳能集热器12的热风汇流通道124，再经送风总管19输送到固体蓄热器21、空气热用户31和热电联产系统。The heat extraction process of the heat extraction system 1: sunlight directly irradiates on the multi-faceted heliostat 11, and after being reflected by the heliostat 11, it is concentrated on the tower solar collector 12, which has a porous structure and is heat-resistant and high-temperature arc-shaped heat absorber on the plate 121, so that the temperature of the arc-shaped heat-absorbing plate 121 reaches above 1500°C; the circulation fan 15 sucks low-temperature air from the return air main pipe 18, and the pressurized low-temperature air is sent to the inlet cloth on both sides of the front of the tower solar collector 12 The air duct 122 is sucked into the arc-shaped heat-absorbing plate 121 with a porous structure after being ejected from the nozzle holes on the inlet-distributing air duct 122. Radiation and convection heating to a higher temperature completes the heat extraction process, and the high-temperature air is gathered into the hot air confluence channel 124 of the tower solar collector 12 through the confluence cover 123, and then transported to the solid heat accumulator 21, air Heat users 31 and CHP system.
第二个子系统是高温固体蓄热系统2，此系统由多个高温固体蓄热器21并联运行，有两种运行方式，蓄热过程和放热过程。高温固体蓄热器21用于热能的存储，高温固体蓄热器21内部装有不规则耐高温固体蓄热体211，用热媒介质和高温固体蓄热体211对流换热的方式加热高温固体蓄热器21，多个高温固体蓄热器21逐个按顺序进行充能。此部分收集的热量是为了解决太阳能的间歇性和不稳定性，不仅可以直接输送给空气热用户31直接使用(可用于干燥、家庭取暖、工业取热和一般用户热水洗澡等)，也可以对锅炉35内的水加热，换热后低温热媒介质通过循环风机15回到集热系统继续加热，继而再回到锅炉35内与炉内的水换热，形成循环。锅炉35内的水升到较高的温度进入热电联产子系统，使之用于汽轮机37发电系统和满足蒸汽热用户312的需求。此部分储存的能量可在一天内任意情况下情况下使用。The second subsystem is the high-temperature solid heat storage system 2, which is operated in parallel by multiple high-temperature solid heat storage devices 21, and has two operation modes, heat storage process and heat release process. The high-temperature solid regenerator 21 is used to store heat energy. The high-temperature solid regenerator 21 is equipped with an irregular high-temperature resistant solid regenerator 211, and the high-temperature solid is heated by means of convective heat exchange between the heat medium and the high-temperature solid regenerator 211. The heat accumulator 21, a plurality of high-temperature solid heat accumulators 21 are charged in sequence one by one. The heat collected in this part is to solve the intermittency and instability of solar energy. It can not only be directly delivered to air heat users 31 for direct use (it can be used for drying, household heating, industrial heating, and general users for hot water bathing, etc.), it can also be used The water in the boiler 35 is heated, and after heat exchange, the low-temperature heat medium returns to the heat collection system through the circulating fan 15 to continue heating, and then returns to the boiler 35 to exchange heat with the water in the furnace to form a cycle. The water in the boiler 35 rises to a higher temperature and enters the cogeneration subsystem, so that it can be used in the power generation system of the steam turbine 37 and satisfy the demand of the steam heat user 312 . The energy stored in this part can be used at any time during the day.
蓄热器蓄热的具体过程为：以三个并联的固体蓄热器21为例进行说明，分别为1#蓄热器、2#蓄热器和3#蓄热器。白天太阳能充足，高温固体蓄热系统进行蓄热过程，经蓄热进风总管22来的高温空气首先对1#蓄热器蓄热，此时1#蓄热器进风阀241和1#蓄热器出风阀242处于开启状态，而2#蓄热器进风阀243、2#蓄热器出风阀244、3#蓄热器进风阀245和3#蓄热器出风阀246处于关闭状态，高温空气与固体蓄热器21内高温固体蓄热体211进行对流换热，高温固体蓄热体211的温度升高，自身的温度不断降低，经换热降温的热空气流出固体蓄热器21，经再蓄热出风再热管26回流到回风总管18进行下一个循环；当进出空气的温度相差不多时表明蓄热过程结束，关闭1#蓄热器的1#蓄热器进风阀241和1#蓄热器出风阀242，开启2#蓄热器的进出口阀门2#蓄热器进风阀243和2#蓄热器出风阀244，对2#蓄热器进行蓄热，直到2#蓄热器进出口的温度相差不多时表明蓄热过程结束，开启3#蓄热器进风阀245和3#蓄热器出风阀246进出阀，在对3#蓄热器进行蓄热，这样依次逐个完成蓄热器的蓄热过程。The specific process of heat storage in the heat accumulator is as follows: three parallel solid heat accumulators 21 are used as an example for illustration, which are respectively 1# heat accumulator, 2# heat accumulator and 3# heat accumulator. During the day, when the solar energy is sufficient, the high-temperature solid heat storage system carries out the heat storage process, and the high-temperature air from the heat storage air inlet main pipe 22 first stores heat in the 1# heat accumulator. Heater air outlet valve 242 is open, while 2# heat accumulator air inlet valve 243, 2# heat accumulator air outlet valve 244, 3# heat accumulator air inlet valve 245 and 3# heat accumulator air outlet valve 246 In the closed state, the high-temperature air and the high-temperature solid regenerator 211 in the solid regenerator 21 perform convective heat exchange. The temperature of the high-temperature solid regenerator 211 rises, and its own temperature continues to decrease. The heat accumulator 21 returns to the return air main pipe 18 through the heat storage and heat pipe 26 for the next cycle; when the temperature of the air entering and exiting is almost the same, it indicates that the heat storage process is over, and the 1# heat storage of the 1# heat accumulator is closed Air inlet valve 241 of accumulator and outlet valve 242 of 1# accumulator, open the inlet and outlet valve of accumulator 2#, inlet valve 243 of accumulator 2# and outlet valve 244 of accumulator 2#, The heat storage is carried out until the temperature of the inlet and outlet of the 2# heat accumulator is almost the same, indicating that the heat storage process is over. The 3# heat accumulator is used for heat storage, so that the heat storage process of the heat accumulators is completed one by one.
用热系统的工作过程：The working process of the heating system:
空气热用户32的用热过程：从送风总管19来的高温空气输送到空气热用户32进口处，再输送各用户(干燥、采暖、通风、加热)，完成工业过程后，部分空气再经过空气热用户出风管33回流到总的回风总管18，再进行下一个循环过程。The heat utilization process of air heating user 32: the high-temperature air from the main air supply pipe 19 is transported to the inlet of air heating user 32, and then transported to each user (drying, heating, ventilation, heating). After completing the industrial process, part of the air passes through The air heat user air outlet pipe 33 returns to the total air return main pipe 18, and then proceeds to the next cycle.
热电联产系统用热过程：从送风总管19来的高温空气输送到锅炉35的过热器351的进口箱，在过热器351内过热饱和蒸汽进入蒸发换热管352逐步降温后，再汇集到锅炉出风箱354，再流到回风总管18。从锅炉35产生的饱和蒸汽从饱和蒸汽出口管353引出，一路直接接入饱和蒸汽热用户312，另一路接入到过热器351进行过热到一定温度后，进入汽轮机37做功发电，再进入冷凝器39冷凝为低温凝结水，凝结水经给水泵310加压后进入回热器311后再进入锅炉35的蒸发换热管352进行循环运行，从汽轮机37抽出的低压蒸汽可以供给蒸汽热用户312的低压蒸汽用户，这样实现热电联产和多压供热。The heat consumption process of cogeneration system: the high-temperature air from the main air supply pipe 19 is transported to the inlet box of the superheater 351 of the boiler 35, and the superheated saturated steam in the superheater 351 enters the evaporating heat exchange tube 352 and gradually cools down, and then gathers to The boiler outlet air box 354 flows to the return air main pipe 18 again. The saturated steam generated from the boiler 35 is led out from the saturated steam outlet pipe 353, one way is directly connected to the saturated steam heat user 312, and the other way is connected to the superheater 351 for superheating to a certain temperature, then enters the steam turbine 37 to generate power, and then enters the condenser 39 is condensed into low-temperature condensed water. The condensed water enters the regenerator 311 after being pressurized by the feed water pump 310, and then enters the evaporative heat exchange tube 352 of the boiler 35 for circulating operation. The low-pressure steam extracted from the steam turbine 37 can be supplied to the steam heat user 312 Low-pressure steam users, so as to realize combined heat and power and multi-pressure heating.
蓄热器放热的过程：既对给热用户直接供热过程，此时集热器进风阀141、集热器出风阀142、2#蓄热器进风阀243、2#蓄热器出风阀244、3#蓄热器进风阀245、3#蓄热器出风阀246、蓄热器再热阀247、空气热用户进风阀341、锅炉过热器进风阀342处于关闭状态，循环风阀143、1#蓄热器进风阀241、1#蓄热器出风阀242、蓄热器送热阀248处于打开状态。循环空气在循环风机15的作用下，从1#蓄热器进口进入，空气与高温固体蓄热体211进行对流换热后温度升高，再从出口流出，再经蓄热出风供热管27分别输送到空气热用户32和锅炉35的过热器351的入口箱，部分空气热用户32的回风再回到总的空气热用户出风管33，送入过热器351的热风经锅炉35降温后在后部锅炉出风箱354回到总的锅炉出风管36；最后回流到回风总管18然后在由循环风机15回送到蓄热器21以此形成一个回路系统；另一个为高温固体蓄热器21通过热媒介质经过锅炉过热器进风阀342和锅炉35内的水换热，换热后的较低温度的热媒介质由循环风机15经由循环风阀143回到高温固体蓄热器21和高温固体蓄热体211换热得到更高的温度，再进入锅炉35内加热水，形成循环系统。换热后的水一部分供给给蒸汽热用户312，另一部分经过过热器351之后用于进入汽轮机37发电。The heat release process of the accumulator: it is the process of directly supplying heat to the heat supply user. At this time, the collector air valve 141, the collector outlet valve 142, the 2# heat accumulator inlet valve 243, and the 2# heat storage Air heater outlet valve 244, 3# heat accumulator air inlet valve 245, 3# heat accumulator air outlet valve 246, heat accumulator reheat valve 247, air heating user air inlet valve 341, boiler superheater air inlet valve 342 are at In the closed state, the circulation air valve 143, the air inlet valve 241 of the 1# heat accumulator, the air outlet valve 242 of the 1# heat accumulator, and the heat delivery valve 248 of the heat accumulator are in the open state. Under the action of the circulating fan 15, the circulating air enters from the inlet of the 1# regenerator, and the temperature of the air and the high-temperature solid regenerator 211 increases after convective heat exchange, and then flows out from the outlet, and then passes through the heat storage and air supply pipe 27 is delivered to the inlet box of the superheater 351 of the air heating user 32 and boiler 35 respectively, and the return air of part of the air heating user 32 returns to the air outlet pipe 33 of the total air heating user, and the hot blast sent into the superheater 351 passes through the boiler 35 After cooling down, the boiler air outlet box 354 at the rear returns to the general boiler outlet pipe 36; finally returns to the return air main pipe 18 and then is returned to the heat accumulator 21 by the circulating fan 15 to form a loop system; the other is a high-temperature solid The heat accumulator 21 exchanges heat with the water in the boiler 35 through the boiler superheater inlet valve 342 through the heat medium, and the heat medium with a lower temperature after heat exchange is returned to the high-temperature solid storage by the circulating fan 15 through the circulating air valve 143. Heater 21 exchanges heat with high-temperature solid regenerator 211 to obtain a higher temperature, and then enters boiler 35 to heat water to form a circulation system. Part of the heat-exchanged water is supplied to the steam heat user 312, and the other part is used to enter the steam turbine 37 to generate electricity after passing through the superheater 351.
空气热用户32子系统是直接把塔式太阳能集热器12聚光所获得热能供给给热用户，剩余的热空气通过循环风机15回馈到塔式太阳能集热器12，从此形成一个循环回路。此部分是在白天太阳光照特别良好的情况下使用。The air heat user 32 subsystem directly supplies the heat energy obtained by the concentrated light of the tower solar collector 12 to the heat user, and the remaining hot air is fed back to the tower solar collector 12 through the circulating fan 15, thus forming a circulation loop. This part is used when the sunlight is particularly good during the day.
太阳能直接供给给热用户的具体过程为：集热器进风阀141、集热器出风阀142和空气热用户进风阀341处于开启状态，其余处于关闭状态，热媒介质经过空气热用户32之后直接由循环风机15带回到塔式太阳能集热器12进行再加热，加热到高温后，继续供给空气热用户32，以此形成一个循环回路。The specific process of directly supplying solar energy to heat users is as follows: the collector air valve 141, the collector outlet valve 142 and the air heating user inlet valve 341 are in the open state, and the rest are in the closed state, and the heat medium passes through the air heat user. 32 is directly brought back to the tower solar collector 12 by the circulating fan 15 for reheating, and after being heated to a high temperature, it continues to supply air to heat the user 32, thus forming a circulation loop.
热电联产子系统是把塔式太阳能集热器12聚光所获得的热能通过热媒介质直接输入锅炉35设备和锅炉35内的水换热，换热后的低温热媒介质由循环风机15经由集热器进风阀141回到塔式太阳能集热器12，在塔式太阳能集热器12内通过聚光装置获得更高的温度，再进入锅炉35内加热水，形成循环系统。换热后的水一部分供给给蒸汽热用户312，另一部分经过过热器351之后用于进入汽轮机37发电。并且可以在汽轮机37内通过抽汽的方式来使一部分过热蒸汽供蒸汽热用户312使用，然后通过冷凝器39和回热器311回到锅炉35，从而形成一个循坏系统。此部分是在白天太阳光照特别良好的情况下使用。The combined heat and power subsystem is to directly input the heat energy obtained by the tower solar collector 12 into the equipment of the boiler 35 and the water in the boiler 35 for heat exchange through the heat medium. Return to the tower solar thermal collector 12 through the collector inlet valve 141, obtain a higher temperature through the concentrating device in the tower solar thermal collector 12, and then enter the boiler 35 to heat water to form a circulation system. Part of the heat-exchanged water is supplied to the steam heat user 312, and the other part is used to enter the steam turbine 37 to generate electricity after passing through the superheater 351. In addition, part of the superheated steam can be supplied to the steam heat user 312 by extracting steam in the steam turbine 37, and then returned to the boiler 35 through the condenser 39 and the regenerator 311, thereby forming a circulation system. This part is used when the sunlight is particularly good during the day.
太阳能直接进入锅炉35加工发电的过程为：集热器出风阀142和锅炉过热器进风阀342处于开启状态，热媒介质由塔式太阳能集热器12经过锅炉35加热水，使水具有更高温温度，换热后的低温热媒介质由循环风机15经由集热器进风阀141回到塔式太阳能集热器12换热得到更高的温度，再进入锅炉35内加热炉水，形成循环系统。The process of solar energy directly entering the boiler 35 for processing and generating electricity is as follows: the collector outlet valve 142 and the boiler superheater inlet valve 342 are in an open state, and the heat medium is heated by the tower solar collector 12 through the boiler 35, so that the water has Higher temperature, the low-temperature heat medium after heat exchange is returned to the tower solar collector 12 by the circulating fan 15 through the collector air valve 141 to exchange heat to obtain a higher temperature, and then enters the boiler 35 to heat the furnace water. form a circulatory system.
以上三个子系统都可以独立运行也可以联合运行，三个子系统的协同运行形成了一个完整的高温固体蓄热系统。The above three subsystems can be operated independently or jointly. The coordinated operation of the three subsystems forms a complete high-temperature solid heat storage system.
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关的工作人员完全可以在不偏离本发明的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。Inspired by the ideal embodiment according to the present invention, through the above description, relevant workers can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
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| CN108507198B (en) | 2019-10-11 |
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