CN108504972A - A kind of suitable aluminium heat treatment process for stabilizing processing - Google Patents
A kind of suitable aluminium heat treatment process for stabilizing processing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108504972A CN108504972A CN201810538358.8A CN201810538358A CN108504972A CN 108504972 A CN108504972 A CN 108504972A CN 201810538358 A CN201810538358 A CN 201810538358A CN 108504972 A CN108504972 A CN 108504972A
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- aluminium
- heat treatment
- treatment process
- electric heating
- heating body
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of suitable aluminium heat treatment process for stabilizing processing, includes the following steps：(1) aluminium bar and mold preheating；(2) it squeezes；(3) dry：The aluminium that step (2) obtains is dried by the way of gradient increased temperature, and control heating rate is：50 DEG C of DEG C 12h -, 50 DEG C of 12h-wind is for 24 hours for 24 hours -30 for room temperature；(4) it quenches：After heat treatment, press quenching is carried out to aluminium using semicontinuous upright quenching furnace；(5) ageing treatment.The aluminium heat treatment process of the present invention can effectively reduce Surface of profile crackle, improve the product stability in aluminium production process, help to improve product quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminium production technology fields more particularly to a kind of suitable aluminium for stabilizing processing to be heat-treated work
Skill.
Background technology
Aluminium heat treatment is an important process and the stringent production process of plant requirements for aluminium product industry.It
Purpose be by modes such as the heating of aluminium, processing, heat preservation, coolings, changing the structure and interior tissue of aluminium, to obtain
Obtain desired performance.Different heat treatment modes will make metal obtain different tissues and performance, so that it is handled different
Condition of heat treatment.
Existing aluminium heat treatment process be easy to cause the quality problems such as face crack, flaw, and in heat treatment process by
Situations such as heat is uneven can also influence the quality of product aluminium.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, a kind of suitable stabilisation processing is provided
Aluminium heat treatment process, can effectively reduce Surface of profile crackle, improve the product stability in aluminium production process, help
In raising product quality.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem：
The present invention provides a kind of suitable aluminium heat treatment process for stabilizing processing, includes the following steps：
(1) aluminium bar and mold preheating：Aluminium bar is preheated to 500 DEG C~510 DEG C, mold is preheated to 470 DEG C~480 DEG C；
(2) it squeezes：Aluminium bar after preheating is fed through to the extrusion cylinder of extruder, extrusion forming is obtained in extruder discharge port
Aluminium, be cooled to room temperature；
(3) dry：The aluminium that step (2) obtains is dried by the way of gradient increased temperature, and control heating rate is：Room
Warm 50 DEG C of DEG C 12h -, 50 DEG C of 12h-wind for 24 hours -30 is for 24 hours；
(4) it quenches：After heat treatment, press quenching is carried out to aluminium using semicontinuous upright quenching furnace, described is semicontinuous
The heating furnace of upright quenching furnace integrally uses well type structured, and stainless steel plate is equipped on the inside of burner hearth and forms interlayer with shell, to be promoted
Heat-insulating property in burner hearth, along the inboard wall of burner hearth be evenly arranged from top to bottom the first electric heating body, the second electric heating body and
Third electric heating body, the heating power of first electric heating body, the second electric heating body and third electric heating body be respectively 81kw,
74kw and 85kw, so that temperature difference is within ± 5 DEG C in burner hearth；
(5) ageing treatment：25~70 DEG C are cooled in 20~60s, then cooled to room temperature, i.e., 10~40 DEG C,
Ageing treatment is carried out after cooling room temperature.
In order to optimize above-mentioned technical solution, the technical measures that the present invention takes further include：
Further, the aluminium heat treatment process first starts dryer group before manufacture, to ensure the production of aluminium
The relative humidity of environment is less than 1%.
Further, first electric heating body, the second electric heating body and third electric heating body are separately connected independently of each other
Temperature control system and security alerting system.
Further, the furnace body of the heating furnace of the semicontinuous upright quenching furnace by shaped steel and stainless steel plate welding and
At.
Further, the mold described in step (1) uses the special die-cushion being adapted with mold shape.
Further, extrusion cylinder is first heated to 440-450 DEG C before extrusion in step (2), the extrusion cylinder after being heated,
Then the aluminium bar after preheating is fed through extrusion cylinder to squeeze, extrusion speed 8-12m/min, squeeze pressure is less than or equal to
280kg/cm 2。
Further, ageing treatment includes natrual ageing and artificial aging in step (5), wherein：
The natrual ageing is：Aluminium is parked into 100~160h in 10~40 DEG C；
The artificial aging is：Aluminium after natrual ageing is machined as required, then to mechanical processing after
Proximate matter carries out artificial aging, and aging temp is 180 ± 5 DEG C, 4~5h of soaking time, and postcooling of coming out of the stove is to 10~40 DEG C.
The present invention is had the following technical effect that compared with prior art using above-mentioned technical proposal：
It is dried by the way of gradient increased temperature by the mutual cooperation of each process, and to the proximate matter of extrusion forming,
Help to reduce proximate matter face crack, improves product quality；It vertical is quenched by using the semicontinuous of different heating power is provided with
Stove carries out press quenching to proximate matter, can improve the temperature uniformity and product stability of quenching, help to further increase
Product quality.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to specific embodiment.Following embodiment is only used
In clearly illustrating technical scheme of the present invention, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of suitable aluminium heat treatment process for stabilizing processing, includes the following steps：
(1) aluminium bar and mold preheating：The average diameter of selected aluminium bar is 150mm, and aluminium bar is preheated to 500 DEG C, and
Aluminium bar temperature difference between the two ends are controlled in 3 DEG C, mold is preheated to 470 DEG C；The aluminium bar contains Si：0.32~0.35%, Mg：0.50~
0.53%, Ti：0.015~0.025%, Fe ＜ 0.18%, Zn ＜ 0.02%；
(2) it squeezes：Aluminium bar after preheating is fed through to the extrusion cylinder of extruder by mold, mold uses and mold shape
Adaptable special die-cushion obtains the aluminium of extrusion forming in extruder discharge port, is cooled to room temperature；The aluminium of extrusion forming is straight
Diameter is 8mm；
(3) dry：The aluminium that step (2) obtains is dried by the way of gradient increased temperature, is adjusted drying box and is controlled
Its heating rate is：50 DEG C of DEG C 12h -, 50 DEG C of 12h-wind is for 24 hours for 24 hours -30 for room temperature, that is, so that aluminium is dried at room temperature for first
For 24 hours, it then adjusts and increasing the temperature in drying box makes aluminium in 30 DEG C of dry 12h, then adjust and increase the temperature in drying box
Degree makes aluminium in 50 DEG C of dry 12h, and the dry the temperature inside the box of finally holding is divulged information while being 50 DEG C, and aluminium is made to continue drying for 24 hours,
Obtain the aluminium of dry completion；The speed of heating has a significant impact to the crackle of extruded rod, bigger in radially upper temperature gradient,
Crackle is more easy tod produce, this is mainly due to when heating, non-uniform temperature in drying box causes the temperature ladder on along its length
Degree is big, radially too fast due to heating up, and liquefies, causes on its surface after causing aluminium material surface water vapor in air supersaturation nearby
The suddenly change on surface layer and interior humidity, while due also to microcosmic upper forming agent can not possibly it is uniform, the variation of humidity causes to receive
The difference of contracting is loose and annular directly split to generate internal structure.The present invention by the way of gradient increased temperature to extrudate into
Row drying, and heating rate is controlled, the uniform volatilization of extrudate moisture can be conducive to, also help the slow of extrusion stress
Release reduces the generation of proximate matter face crack, flaw etc.；
(4) it quenches：After heat treatment, press quenching is carried out to aluminium using semicontinuous upright quenching furnace, described is semicontinuous
The heating furnace of upright quenching furnace integrally uses well type structured, and furnace body is welded by shaped steel and stainless steel plate, is equipped on the inside of burner hearth
Stainless steel plate forms interlayer with shell and is evenly arranged from top to bottom along the inboard wall of burner hearth with promoting the heat-insulating property in burner hearth
There are the first electric heating body, the second electric heating body and third electric heating body, first electric heating body, the second electric heating body and third
The heating power of electric heating body is respectively 81kw, 74kw and 85kw, so that temperature difference is within ± 5 DEG C in burner hearth；First electricity adds
Hot body, the second electric heating body and third electric heating body point 3rd area are around being fixed on inboard wall of burner hearth, and each calandria power is not using
It is evenly arranged, can improve stove silk service life and temperature uniformity, it is uniform with temperature, production efficiency is high, quenching workpiece quality
High feature；(5) ageing treatment：25~70 DEG C are cooled in 20~60s, then cooled to room temperature, i.e., 10~40 DEG C,
Ageing treatment is carried out after cooling room temperature.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, in the aluminium heat treatment process of the present embodiment, first start drying before manufacture
Unit, to ensure that the relative humidity of the production environment of aluminium is less than 1%.Reduce production environment humidity can reduce proximate matter with it is outer
Moist gradient between boundary's environment contributes to the generation for reducing proximate matter crackle.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the first electric heating body of semicontinuous upright quenching furnace, the second electric heating body and
Third electric heating body is separately connected mutually independent temperature control system and security alerting system.Temperature control system selects number
Change temperature acquisition control system, records each area where the first electric heating body, the second electric heating body and third electric heating body in real time
Temperature；Security alerting system includes the acoustic-optic alarms such as under-voltage water, water superpressure, overtemperature, and double of vertical continuous glowing furnace carries out
Complete detection, to improve operation stability, to improve quenching quality.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, extrusion cylinder is first heated to 440-450 DEG C before extrusion in step (2), obtains
Then aluminium bar after preheating is fed through extrusion cylinder and squeezed by the extrusion cylinder after heating, extrusion speed 8-12m/min squeezes pressure
Power is less than or equal to 280kg/cm 2.Present invention reduces the extrusion speeds of proximate matter, and control squeeze pressure, can reduce friction
The generation of heat, to further decrease extruding outlet temperature, aluminium material surface temperature after contributing to reduction to squeeze promotes aluminium material surface
Quality reduces crackle.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, ageing treatment includes natrual ageing and artificial aging in step (5), wherein：
The natrual ageing is：Aluminium is parked into 100~160h in 10~40 DEG C；The artificial aging is：After natrual ageing
Aluminium be machined as required, then to after mechanical processing proximate matter carry out artificial aging, aging temp be 180 ± 5 DEG C,
4~5h of soaking time, postcooling of coming out of the stove is to 10~40 DEG C.The present invention uses the heat treatment process of secondary ageing, will be quenched
Material first carries out the natrual ageing of 100~160h, discharges the stress inside aluminium, increases the proximate matter deformability of material；Into
Row cold deformation and then progress artificial aging, aging temp are 180 ± 5 DEG C, 4~5h of soaking time, and material hardness is
15.3~17HW can make the product aluminium of the present invention have higher mechanical property, help to promote product quality.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but it is only used as example, the present invention is not intended to limit
In particular embodiments described above.To those skilled in the art, it is any to the practicality carry out equivalent modifications and replace
In generation, is also all among scope of the invention.Therefore, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention made by impartial conversion and repair
Change, all should be contained within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of suitable aluminium heat treatment process for stabilizing processing, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) aluminium bar and mold preheating：Aluminium bar is preheated to 500 DEG C~510 DEG C, mold is preheated to 470 DEG C~480 DEG C；
(2) it squeezes：Aluminium bar after preheating is fed through to the extrusion cylinder of extruder, the aluminium of extrusion forming is obtained in extruder discharge port
Material is cooled to room temperature；
(3) dry：The aluminium that step (2) obtains is dried by the way of gradient increased temperature, and control heating rate is：Room temperature
50 DEG C of DEG C 12h -, 50 DEG C of 12h-wind is for 24 hours for 24 hours -30；
(4) it quenches：After heat treatment, press quenching is carried out to aluminium using semicontinuous upright quenching furnace, described is semicontinuous vertical
The heating furnace of glowing furnace integrally uses well type structured, and stainless steel plate is equipped on the inside of burner hearth and forms interlayer with shell, to promote burner hearth
Interior heat-insulating property has been evenly arranged the first electric heating body, the second electric heating body and third from top to bottom along the inboard wall of burner hearth
The heating power of electric heating body, first electric heating body, the second electric heating body and third electric heating body is respectively 81kw, 74kw
And 85kw, so that temperature difference is within ± 5 DEG C in burner hearth；
(5) ageing treatment：25~70 DEG C are cooled in 20~60s, then cooled to room temperature, i.e., it is 10~40 DEG C, cooling
Ageing treatment is carried out after room temperature.
2. aluminium heat treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aluminium heat treatment process is producing
It is preceding first to start dryer group, to ensure that the relative humidity of the production environment of aluminium is less than 1%.
3. aluminium heat treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first electric heating body, the second electricity add
Hot body and third electric heating body are separately connected mutually independent temperature control system and security alerting system.
4. aluminium heat treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mold described in step (1) uses and mould
Has the adaptable special die-cushion of shape.
5. aluminium heat treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the semicontinuous upright quenching furnace adds
The furnace body of hot stove is welded by shaped steel and stainless steel plate.
6. aluminium heat treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that extrusion cylinder is first before extrusion in step (2)
It is heated to 440-450 DEG C, then the aluminium bar after preheating is fed through extrusion cylinder and squeezed, squeezes speed by the extrusion cylinder after being heated
Degree is 8-12m/min, and squeeze pressure is less than or equal to 280kg/cm2。
7. aluminium heat treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that ageing treatment includes nature in step (5)
Timeliness and artificial aging, wherein：
The natrual ageing is：Aluminium is parked into 100~160h in 10~40 DEG C；
The artificial aging is：Aluminium after natrual ageing is machined as required, then to the proximate matter after mechanical processing
Artificial aging is carried out, aging temp is 180 ± 5 DEG C, 4~5h of soaking time, and postcooling of coming out of the stove is to 10~40 DEG C.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN110863161A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-03-06 | 安徽枫慧金属股份有限公司 | Aging treatment process for extrusion casting aluminum alloy |
| CN113319140A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-31 | 衡水和平铝业科技有限公司 | Aluminum profile extrusion forming process |
| CN113618273A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-11-09 | 上海友升铝业股份有限公司 | Welding method for reducing intensity attenuation proportion of welding heat affected zone of automobile welding part |
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| CN113618273A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-11-09 | 上海友升铝业股份有限公司 | Welding method for reducing intensity attenuation proportion of welding heat affected zone of automobile welding part |
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Application publication date: 20180907 |