CN108500189A - A kind of molding die with straight-edge conical cylinder forging and forging process for fuel method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a forming die and a forging method for a tapered cylindrical forging with straight sides. The forming die consists of an upper template (1), positioning pins (2), fastening bolts (3), and an upper backing plate (4). , cone forging (5), special die (6), die fixed support (7), lower backing plate (8), lower template (9), ejector rod (10), top block (11), special Consisting of punch (12); the forming method of the forging is as follows: heating the steel ingot to a certain temperature, and then performing blank forging to obtain a blank. The steel ingot is heated to about 1150°C, and two processes of elongation and upsetting are carried out to process it into a certain size. Return to the furnace to heat the forging at about 1150°C for 1 hour, and then perform drawing and upsetting operations. When the billet is upset to a certain size, then use a fixed-diameter punch to punch and expand it. Return to the furnace to heat the billet to about 1150°C, hold the heat for a specified time, insert the mandrel to carry out the mandrel drawing operation. Extrusion is carried out with the aid of a special die set. The method has fewer forming steps and simple operation, can form conical cylinder forgings of different specifications, and has a wide range of applications.

Description

Forming die and forging method for a straight-sided conical cylinder forging

technical field

The invention relates to a forging method for a tapered cylinder with straight sides and a combination of forming dies, belonging to the field of forging technology and manufacturing.

Background technique

The prior art method of producing tapered cylinder forgings with straight sides is mainly made by free forging, and its main forging process is:

First fire: steel ingot press pliers handle, chamfer, remove water riser;

The second fire: upsetting, drawing, cutting;

The third fire: stretching, rounding, upsetting;

The fourth fire: drawing and rolling, upsetting, punching and reaming;

The fifth fire: the mandrel is drawn to lengthen the finished product, and then the mandrel is drawn to form a stepped blank;

The sixth fire: Carry out horse frame reaming to form the taper of the cylinder;

The seventh fire: Use a special shaping die to shape the straight sides at both ends of the cone, and shape it into the size of the forging drawing.

The traditional process method has the following disadvantages:

1. Too many forging fires, long production cycle, low production efficiency, low material utilization rate, and waste of raw materials;

2. There is no scientific design basis for the forming method of the taper of the cone, and it mainly depends on the production experience forging and forming;

3. The internal quality of the forging is unstable and the mechanical properties are poor.

4. The free forging method can only be used to produce steel types with better forging performance, and it is not suitable for the cone forming of non-ferrous metal materials.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The object of the present invention is to provide a forming die and a forging method for a forging of a tapered cylinder with straight sides. The method has few forming steps and simple operation, and can form conical cylinder forgings of different specifications, not only limited to the forming of steel cones, but also suitable for forming non-ferrous metal cones, and has a wide range of applications. In addition, it can also improve the shortcomings of traditional methods such as many forging fires, low production efficiency, large resource consumption, and unstable mechanical properties of products.

Technical solution: The present invention provides a forming die with a straight-sided conical cylinder forging. seat, lower backing plate, lower formwork, ejector rod, top block, and special punch; wherein, a lower backing plate is set above the lower formwork, a die fixing support is arranged above the lower backing plate, and a die fixing support is set above the lower backing plate. There is a special die in the groove in the seat, a top block is set in the middle of the die fixed support, and a ejector rod is set at the bottom of the top block; The lower part of the plate is equipped with a special punch, in which the upper template, the upper backing plate, and the special punch are positioned and fixed by positioning pins and fastening bolts; when working, the upper part of the top block is in contact with the lower part of the special punch.

in:

The profile shape of the special die and the special punch in contact with the forging is the same as that of the finished forging.

The fixed support of the die adopts a block-jointed structure, which is convenient for flexibly adjusting the gap between the punch and die of different specifications, and forming conical cylinder forgings of different thicknesses;

The ejector rod is located at the lower part of the top block, the ejector rod passes through the fixed support of the die, the lower backing plate, and the lower formwork, and slides and cooperates with the fixed support of the die, the lower backing plate, and the lower formwork. The device, at the end of forming, pushes the forging up to a certain height, which is convenient for the manipulator to take out the forging.

The forging method of the forming die of the tapered cylinder forging with straight sides of the present invention comprises the following steps:

First fire: heating the steel ingot to 1100°C-1200°C, keeping it warm, and then carrying out the blank forging operation of pressing the clamp, chamfering, and removing the water riser;

The second fire: return the steel ingot to the furnace and heat it to 1100°C-1200°C, press heat preservation, carry out upsetting, drawing, and blanking;

The third fire: return to the furnace to heat the blank to 1100°C-1200°C, keep it warm, perform drawing, rounding, and upsetting operations, and then punch and expand to the set size;

The fourth fire: return to the furnace to heat the blank after the third fire reaming to 1100°C-1200°C, keep it warm, insert the mandrel to carry out the mandrel extension operation, so that the length of the billet reaches 78%-82% of the finished product size;

The fifth fire: Return to the furnace to heat the billet after the fourth fire to draw and elongate to 1100°C-1200°C, keep it warm, and then use the above-mentioned forming die with a straight-edged conical cylinder forging to perform extrusion molding.

in,

In the second fire, the amount of cutting material is 10%-25% less than that designed by the traditional forging process.

In the fourth fire, during the mandrel elongation operation, it is only necessary to control the length of the billet after the mandrel elongation is completed to be 70-90% of the length of the finished forging.

The gap between the convex and concave dies is adjustable, and it is used to form small and medium-sized tapered cylindrical forgings with straight edges and a diameter not greater than 2000mm and a thickness not greater than 100mm.

The heat preservation time is 1 hour-5 hours.

This forming method and mold combination can be used for extruding cones made of steel, aluminum alloy and the like.

The working principle of the special die for extrusion forming of tapered cylindrical forgings with straight sides: adjust the position of the die fixing support according to the size and thickness information of the target product, and fix the die matching the finished product in the die support. Then, the punched and reamed blank is put into the die, and finally, the punch is pressed down under the operation of the press. When the punch is in contact with the top block, the forming of the tapered cylinder is completed. With the help of mold-assisted extrusion forming, the production efficiency is high, and the extrusion forming can make the internal stress state of the billet present a three-dimensional compressive stress state, which is beneficial to improve internal defects and improve the mechanical properties of the product.

Beneficial effects: the positive effect of the present invention is that the operation is simple, and conical cylinder forgings of different specifications can be formed, and not only limited to the forming of steel conical cylinders, but also suitable for the forming of non-ferrous metal conical cylinders, with a wide range of applications; With the help of mold-assisted extrusion forming, the production efficiency is high, and the extrusion forming can make the internal stress state of the billet present a three-dimensional compressive stress state, which is beneficial to improve internal defects and improve the mechanical properties of the product. In addition, when this method is also applied, blanking can reduce raw materials by 10-25% compared with traditional methods, saving raw materials; when performing mandrel elongation operation, only need to elongate the blank length to about 70-90% of the finished product size That's it, simplify the operation.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a forging with a straight-sided conical cylinder.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation flow for combined forming of a forging with a straight-sided conical cylinder by means of a special forming die.

Figure 3 is a combination of forming dies for forgings with straight-sided tapered cylinders.

In the figure, there are: upper template 1, positioning pin 2, fastening bolt 3, upper backing plate 4, cone forging 5, special die 6, die fixing support 7, lower backing plate 8, lower template 9, ejector rod 10. Top block 11, special punch 12.

Detailed ways

A forming die with a straight-sided conical cylinder forging of the present invention consists of an upper template 1, a positioning pin 2, a fastening bolt 3, an upper backing plate 4, a cone forging 5, a special die 6, and a die fixing support 7. The lower backing plate 8, the lower template 9, the ejector rod 10, the top block 11, and the special punch 12 are composed; wherein, the lower backing plate 8 is provided above the lower template 9, and the die is fixed above the lower backing plate 8. Support 7, a special die 6 is provided in the groove in the die fixed support 7, a top block 11 is provided at the middle position of the die fixed support 7, and a push rod 10 is provided at the bottom of the top block 11 ; The bottom of the upper template 1 is provided with an upper backing plate 4, and the bottom of the upper backing plate 4 is provided with a special punch 12, wherein the upper template 1, the upper backing plate 4, and the special punch 12 are formed by the positioning pin 2, the fastening bolt 3. Positioning and fixing; during work, the upper part of the top block 11 is in contact with the lower part of the special punch 12. Among them, the contour features of the special die 6 and the special punch 12 in contact with the forging are the same as the outline of the finished forging; Conical cylinder forgings with different thicknesses are formed; the elastic unloading device composed of ejector rod 10 and ejector block 11 can push the forging upwards to a certain height at the end of forming, which is convenient for the manipulator to take out the forging.

The working principle of the special die for extrusion forming of tapered cylindrical forgings with straight sides is to adjust the position of the die fixing support according to the size and thickness information of the target product, and fix the die matching the finished product in the die support. Then, the punched and reamed blank is put into the die, and finally, the punch is pressed down under the operation of the press. When the punch is in contact with the top block, the forming of the tapered cylinder is completed. With the help of die-assisted extrusion forming, the production efficiency is high, and the extrusion forming can make the internal stress state of the blank present a three-dimensional compressive stress state, which is conducive to improving internal defects and improving the mechanical properties of forgings.

The invention provides a forging method for a tapered cylinder forging with straight sides, which has the following steps:

The first fire: heat the steel ingot to about 1150°C, keep it warm according to the specified time, and then carry out blank forging operations such as pressing the clamp, chamfering, removing the water riser;

The second fire: return the steel ingot to the furnace and heat it to about 1150°C, keep it warm for a specified time, and carry out upsetting, drawing and cutting;

The third fire: return to the furnace to heat the billet at about 1150°C, hold the heat for a specified time, perform drawing, rounding, and upsetting operations, and then punch and expand the hole to a certain size.

The fourth fire: return to the furnace to heat the billet to about 1150°C, hold the heat for a specified time, insert the mandrel and carry out the mandrel drawing operation, so that the length of the billet reaches about 80% of the finished product size;

The fifth fire: return to the furnace to heat the billet after the fourth fire to draw and elongate to 1100°C-1200°C, keep it warm, and then use the above-mentioned forming die with a straight-edged conical cylinder forging to carry out extrusion molding.

Claims (8)

1. A molding die with a straight-sided conical cylinder forging, characterized in that the molding die consists of an upper template (1), positioning pins (2), fastening bolts (3), an upper backing plate (4), a cone Cylinder forging (5), special die (6), die fixing support (7), lower backing plate (8), lower template (9), ejector rod (10), top block (11), special punch (12) composition; Wherein, be provided with lower backing plate (8) on the top of lower formwork (9), be provided with die fixed support (7) on the top of lower backing plate (8), be provided with die fixed support (7) ) is provided with a special die (6), a top block (11) is provided at the middle of the die fixed support (7), and a push rod (10) is provided at the bottom of the top block (11). ; The bottom of the upper template (1) is provided with an upper backing plate (4), and the bottom of the upper backing plate (4) is provided with a special punch (12), wherein the upper template (1), the upper backing plate (4), Special punch (12) is positioned and fixed by positioning pin (2) and fastening bolt (3); during work, the top of jack block (11) contacts with the bottom of special punch (12). 2. The forming die with straight-sided conical cylinder forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: the profile shape of the special-purpose die (6) and the special-purpose punch (12) in contact with the forging is the same as that of the finished forging. The profile is the same. 3. The forming die with straight-sided tapered cylinder forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed support (7) of the die adopts a block-jointed structure, which is convenient for flexible adjustment of convex and concave of different specifications The gap between the dies is used to form conical cylinder forgings of different thicknesses. 4. The forming die with straight-sided conical cylinder forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: said ejector rod (10) is located at the lower part of the ejector block (11), and the ejector rod (10) passes through The die fixed support (7), the lower backing plate (8), the lower formwork (9), and the elastic joint composed of the die fixed support (7), the lower backing plate (8), and the lower formwork (9). The unloading device pushes the forging up to a certain height at the end of forming, which is convenient for the manipulator to take out the forging. 5. A forging method adopting the forming die of the tapered cylindrical forging with straight sides as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the forging method comprises the following steps: First fire: heating the steel ingot to 1100°C-1200°C, keeping it warm, and then carrying out the blank forging operation of pressing the clamp, chamfering, and removing the water riser; The second fire: return the steel ingot to the furnace and heat it to 1100°C-1200°C, keep it warm, perform upsetting, drawing, and blanking; The third fire: return to the furnace to heat the blank to 1100°C-1200°C, keep it warm, perform drawing, rounding, and upsetting operations, and then punch and expand to the set size; The fourth fire: return to the furnace to heat the blank after the third fire reaming to 1100°C-1200°C, keep it warm, insert the mandrel to carry out the mandrel extension operation, so that the length of the billet reaches 78%-82% of the finished product size; The fifth fire: return to the furnace to heat the billet after the fourth fire to draw and elongate to 1100°C-1200°C, keep it warm, and then use the above-mentioned forming die with a straight-edged conical cylinder forging to carry out extrusion molding. 6. The forging method according to claim 5, characterized in that in the second fire, the amount of cutting material is 10%-25% less than the amount designed in the traditional forging process. 7. The method for forging a forging according to claim 5, characterized in that in the fourth fire, during the mandrel drawing operation, it is only necessary to control the length of the billet after the mandrel drawing is completed to be 70-70-70% of the length of the finished forging. 90% is enough. 8. The method for forging a forging according to claim 5, characterized in that the time for the heat preservation is 1 hour to 5 hours.