CN108495538B - High-power outdoor heat dissipation rack - Google Patents
High-power outdoor heat dissipation rack Download PDFInfo
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- CN108495538B CN108495538B CN201810538353.5A CN201810538353A CN108495538B CN 108495538 B CN108495538 B CN 108495538B CN 201810538353 A CN201810538353 A CN 201810538353A CN 108495538 B CN108495538 B CN 108495538B
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- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20009—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a gaseous coolant in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20136—Forced ventilation, e.g. by fans
- H05K7/20181—Filters; Louvers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
- H05K5/02—Details
- H05K5/0213—Venting apertures; Constructional details thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20009—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a gaseous coolant in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20136—Forced ventilation, e.g. by fans
- H05K7/20145—Means for directing air flow, e.g. ducts, deflectors, plenum or guides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20536—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for racks or cabinets of standardised dimensions, e.g. electronic racks for aircraft or telecommunication equipment
- H05K7/20554—Forced ventilation of a gaseous coolant
- H05K7/20572—Forced ventilation of a gaseous coolant within cabinets for removing heat from sub-racks, e.g. plenum
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-power outdoor heat dissipation cabinet, which comprises a core heat dissipation area and an isolated heat dissipation area, wherein a fin air channel part of a module radiator is arranged outside the core heat dissipation air channel, and a module and a single plate are arranged in the isolated heat dissipation area; the ceiling adopts lower air inlet and enhances waterproof and dustproof functions, the air duct is ventilated and cooled by positive pressure air blast of the centrifugal fan, and a rectification grid is introduced to solve the problem of uneven flow of axial air blast of the centrifugal fan; the device that the protection level is lower is placed in isolated heat dissipation district, air heat exchanger installs in the rack rear side, set up the wind channel baffle between the air inlet and outlet of inner loop, with the heat dissipation route planning for two "U" shape return circuits, utilize the hot air in the cabinet to pass through the aluminium foil with the external environment difference in temperature of cabinet and transmit the heat to external heat sink, the air-out is gone up down to the complete machine, the fan is put back operating temperature low reliability on the top, the positive pressure in core heat dissipation district is dustproof, key device in the cabinet is not contacted with the environment, the disadvantage of air cooling has been avoided to furthest, low-cost wind channel design has improved outdoor machine environmental adaptation ability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat dissipation of high-power outdoor machines, in particular to a high-power outdoor heat dissipation cabinet.
Background
Along with the increasing growth of the photovoltaic market, the outdoor machine of the high-power photovoltaic inverter is developed, the outdoor machine faces to complex and various external environments, such as special use occasions of salt fog, sand dust, rainwater, condensation and the like, the reliable heat dissipation under high protection conditions is realized by low protection devices such as an inversion power unit, a direct current breaker, a bus capacitor, an alternating current contactor, an alternating current breaker and the like in a cabinet, meanwhile, the power density of the device is continuously increased, the loss of a power module and a reactor is more than 90%, the heat dissipation design of the power module has the difference of air draft and air blast, the air draft mode has great influence on the service life of a fan, the problem of temperature uniformity of the inversion module needs to be solved, and the problem of high-efficiency temperature uniformity heat dissipation in a more compact space becomes a design key node; the reactor has the characteristics of large loss and non-centralized heating, and low-cost heat dissipation is difficult to realize in the closed cavity.
The forced air cooling heat dissipation of the outdoor unit has larger difference with the conventional indoor cabinet in dust prevention, temperature equalization and water prevention, and generally, the high protection level inevitably brings larger wind resistance, so that the temperature rise of devices with insufficient wind quantity is excessively high, and the reliability of system operation is greatly reduced. Some manufacturers put fans at the bottom of the cabinet body to blow air to the radiator, and the inverter is integrally provided with lower air inlet and upper air outlet, so that external dust is easily brought into the inverter, and the pollution level of the working environment of the inverter is increased; some manufacturers seal the devices substantially in the case, resulting in poor heat dissipation. Besides, the conventional outdoor cabinet heat dissipation design has the following problems:
1. under the condition of parallel connection of multiple heat dissipation air channels, in order to solve the temperature equalization problem of each air channel device, an air draft forced air cooling scheme is adopted in most cases, so that dust accumulation in the internal environment is easily brought, the service life of a fan is shortened due to the increase of the temperature of the working environment, and the problem of local temperature equalization and heat dissipation needs to be solved when a positive pressure system dissipates heat of multiple heat sources;
2. the electromagnetic device has the characteristics of high loss and heat emission and is not concentrated, so that low-cost heat dissipation is difficult to realize in the sealed cavity;
3. by utilizing the high wind pressure characteristic of the centrifugal fan, the problems of uneven air quantity right below the motor are solved by adding the flow guide grid and setting reasonable air duct size;
4. in order to solve the problem that the sensitivity reliability of part of devices to dust is not high, the air duct of the heat dissipation area is divided, the main heat generation source heat dissipation channel and the outside air are directly subjected to air cooling for heat dissipation, and the air heat exchanger is utilized to place the dust sensitive devices in an independent closed cavity for indirect air cooling.
In summary, how to start from the heat dissipation characteristics and the dustproof characteristics of the devices, and reasonably design respective heat dissipation air channels on the premise of meeting the waterproof, dustproof and salt mist prevention requirements of outdoor units, so that the improvement of the heat dissipation temperature uniformity and the system heat dissipation efficiency of key devices is a technical problem to be solved urgently by the people in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-power outdoor heat dissipation cabinet, which can effectively improve the dustproof, waterproof and salt fog prevention capabilities of the cabinet and effectively solve the problem of uneven temperature of key devices under the positive pressure ventilation and heat dissipation conditions.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
The high-power outdoor heat dissipation cabinet comprises two independent heat dissipation cavities, a core heat dissipation area I and an isolation heat dissipation area II, wherein the core heat dissipation area I and the isolation heat dissipation area II are isolated through a power module air channel partition plate 3-1 and a reactor air channel partition plate 3-2, and air flow paths in the two heat dissipation areas are mutually independent and do not influence each other;
the core heat dissipation area I is positioned at the middle part of the cabinet and is used for strengthening a convection heat dissipation area and is in air contact with the outside, and comprises a ceiling air inlet structure I-1, an inverter module radiator air channel I-2 and a reactor air channel I-3; the lower part of the ceiling air inlet structure I-1 is a section of vertical air duct structure, the upper end of the vertical air duct is provided with a centrifugal fan 1-3, the centrifugal fan 1-3 adopts an axial air outlet mode of upper air inlet and lower air outlet, a rectification grid 1-4 is arranged at the position of the air outlet duct which is close to the lower part of the centrifugal fan 1-3, a power module radiator 1-5 is arranged right below the rectification grid 1-4, the radiator fins are in the vertical direction, only the fin parts of the radiator are positioned in a core radiating area I, the power modules 1-11 are positioned in an isolated radiating area II, a reactor 1-6 is arranged right below the power module radiator 1-5, and the reactor 1-6 is arranged on a cabinet base;
the isolated heat dissipation area II is arranged in a closed cavity, and heat carried by the internal air is conducted to an external heat sink through an aluminum film of the air heat exchange device by utilizing the air temperature difference of the internal cavity and the external cavity, so that an isolated heat dissipation function of dust sensitive devices is realized; the isolated heat dissipation area II comprises a front cavity and a rear cavity of the cabinet, an upper left return air area 5-1 and an upper right return air area 5-3 on two sides of an air duct of the rectification grid 1-4, a middle return air area 5-5 of a power module of a non-fin air duct part of an area where the power module radiator 1-5 is positioned, and a lower left return air area 5-2 and a lower right return air area 5-4 of a ventilation air duct part of the front cavity and the rear cavity on two sides of the reactor 1-6; the isolated heat dissipation area is completely isolated from the external atmospheric environment, an air heat exchanger 2-1 is installed on a rear door plate of the cabinet, an air outlet and an air return opening are formed in the cabinet where the air heat exchanger 2-1 is located, the air outlet is located in the middle of a rear cavity of the isolated heat dissipation area, the air return opening is located in the upper space of the isolated heat dissipation area, a U-shaped air duct front partition plate 2-3 is arranged between an inner circulation air outlet and the air return opening of the air heat exchanger 2-1, an alternating current filter capacitor 2-2 is installed above the U-shaped air duct front partition plate 2-3, an alternating current contactor 2-4 and an alternating current breaker 2-5 are placed below the U-shaped air duct front partition plate, a direct current breaker 2-6 is placed below the front cavity of the isolated heat dissipation area, a busbar capacitor 2-7 is placed in the close front of the power module radiator 1-5, and a deflector 2-8 is installed between the front side of the busbar capacitor 2-7 and a cabinet door.
The core heat dissipation area I only has the fin part of the power module radiator to be in contact with the outside atmosphere, and the module, the control veneer and the like which are connected to the radiator are all in the isolated heat dissipation area, so that the low-cost high-protection heat dissipation function of the power module is realized.
The centrifugal fan 1-3 is placed below the ceiling air inlet structure I-1 of the core heat dissipation area I in an axial air outlet mode, the distance between the air outlet end face and the air inlet of the power module radiator 1-5 is the diameter of one impeller of the rectification grid, and the rectification grid 1-4 is added in the axial air outlet air duct of the centrifugal fan to eliminate a local air flow blind area on the leeward side of the centrifugal fan motor, so that the influence of insufficient air quantity of the power module radiator in the area right below the centrifugal fan motor is eliminated.
In the aspect of design of the airflow cooling direction of the core heat dissipation area, the centrifugal fan 1-3 is arranged on the top of the cabinet, so that the positive pressure working mode in the ventilation air duct of the cabinet is ensured, and the problem of dust accumulation on the leeward side in the air duct where the reactor 1-6 and the power module radiator 1-5 are positioned is avoided; the periphery of the coil of the reactor 1-6 is provided with a 'back' shaped pore plate 1-7, so that the local convection heat exchange effect of the reactor coil is enhanced; on the other hand, the surface of the reactor 1-6 is subjected to end sealing treatment, so that adverse effects of salt mist and a humid environment on insulation of the reactor coil are reduced to the greatest extent.
The ceiling air inlet structure I-1 is internally provided with a double labyrinth, rainwater is prevented from directly impacting an air inlet vertical face by utilizing a lower air inlet channel, dust-proof cotton or dust-proof net 1-1 is attached to the upper end face of the air inlet, primary filtration is realized on cold air by matching with an air flow from bottom to top air inlet mode, clean, safe and reliable heat dissipation of internal cooling air flow is ensured, and the labyrinth baffle 1-2 is arranged in the ceiling air inlet structure I-1.
The device in the isolated heat dissipation area II belongs to a dust sensitive device, the air heat exchanger 2-1 is installed on the rear panel of the cabinet by adopting an embedded wall, the two cold and hot cycles outside and inside the cabinet are mutually isolated, heat is transferred to an external heat sink through aluminum foils by utilizing the temperature difference between the hot air inside the cabinet and the environment outside the cabinet, the path of a cooling airflow loop is U-shaped, and the cooling airflow loop sequentially passes through the alternating current contactor 2-4, the alternating current circuit breaker 2-5, the direct current circuit breaker 2-6, the direct current bus capacitor 2-7 and the alternating current filter capacitor 2-2, so that the purpose of circularly cooling the device in the cabinet is achieved.
The periphery of the reactor 1-6 is provided with a reverse-shaped pore plate 1-7, the bottom of the reactor 1-6 is provided with an air outlet protection net 1-8, and the front side and the rear side of the base are provided with an air exhaust grid 1-9.
Three blades are arranged on the left and right sides of the rectifying grid 1-4, the blade angle is 45 degrees, the width of a single blade is 90mm, the arrangement interval is 50mm, and the installation height is positioned at the middle height of the distance between the centrifugal fan 1-3 and the air inlet of the power module radiator 1-5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
firstly, the lower air inlet filtering and double labyrinth structure design of the ceiling air inlet structure remarkably improves the rainwater impact resistance of the cabinet, and the structure is more compact and reasonable;
secondly, through means such as adding the rectification bars, optimizing fan air outlet and radiator distance, the innovatively has solved the uneven problem of positive pressure blast cooling a plurality of wind channels flow under the centrifugal fan axial air-out application condition, adopts numerical simulation conclusion to indicate: taking three radiator air-out as an example, the air-out quantity of the middle radiator is lower than the air-out quantity of fans at two sides, which is reduced from 12.6% to 1.4% before optimization, so that the temperature equalization optimization design of a plurality of modules is realized theoretically;
thirdly, compared with the traditional air draft scheme, the fan near the air inlet has the advantages that the working environment temperature is greatly reduced, and the bearing lubrication life is longer; the core power device and the single board driving part are positioned in the closed cavity, and the switch device, the single board device and the capacitor device which are sensitive to dust are positioned in the isolated heat dissipation area of the closed cavity, so that the working environment is independent of the external environment and is not affected by bad influence; after the reactor is subjected to end sealing treatment, the adaptability to moisture and salt fog of the external environment is stronger, and the heat dissipation design is enhanced by adopting a 'back' orifice plate type forced air cooling local throttling, so that the ideal working environment of each device is considered while heat dissipation is carried out, and the service life and reliability of the whole machine are improved; fourth, combining the device temperature resistance characteristic, the optimal device cooling is designed to be smoothly optimized, the utilization efficiency of the air quantity of the fan is higher, the centrifugal fan is used for cooling the core power module and the reactor in sequence to generate heat, and the utilization rate of cooling air flow is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of outdoor machine partition.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation area of an outdoor unit core.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a longitudinal structure of an outdoor cabinet.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a radiator of an outdoor cabinet power module.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat dissipation duct of an inverter module of a core heat dissipation area of an outdoor cabinet.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the heat flow in the longitudinal direction of the core heat dissipation area of the outdoor cabinet.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of lateral heat flow in a core heat dissipation area of an outdoor cabinet.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the longitudinal heat flow in the isolated heat dissipation area of the outdoor cabinet.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of lateral heat flow in an isolated heat dissipation area of an outdoor cabinet.
Fig. 10 is a rectifying gate structure diagram.
In the figure: i core radiating area I-1 ceiling air inlet structure I-2 inverter module radiating air duct I-3 reactor air duct II is separated 1-1 dust-proof cotton or dust screen 1-2 labyrinth baffle 1-3 centrifugal fan 1-4 rectification grid 1-5 power module radiator 1-6 reactor 1-7 ' back ' orifice plate 1-8 air outlet protection grid 1-9 exhaust grid 1-10 ceiling shell 1-11 power module 2-1 air heat exchanger 2-2 alternating current filter capacitor 2-3"U ' air duct front baffle 2-4 alternating current contactor 2-5 alternating current circuit breaker 2-6 direct current circuit breaker 2-7 bus capacitor 2-8 baffle 2-9 front cavity upper baffle 2-10 back cavity upper baffle 3-1 power module air duct baffle 4-1 back air zone 4-2 back air zone 4-3 air zone 4-4 back air zone 5-1 left upper left-2 back air zone 5-3 right upper back air zone 5-4 right middle air zone 5-5 power module
"" indicates that the air flows out in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface;
"means that the air flow flows in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface;
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the invention better understood by the person skilled in the art, the outdoor machine structure and the heat dissipation principle are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
The partition core idea of the outdoor cabinet is as follows, the heating body of the device and the radiating air duct part are isolated, the low-cost high-reliability heat radiation of the power part core semiconductor device is realized by utilizing the partition air duct structure, and on the other hand, the reactor is placed at the rear stage of the core radiating area, so that the airflow cooling efficiency is improved. Based on the structure, the whole cabinet comprises two independent heat dissipation cavities, a core heat dissipation area I is used for enhancing convection heat dissipation, and as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the core heat dissipation area I is in contact with the outside air and comprises a ceiling air inlet structure I-1, an inverter module radiator air channel I-2 and a reactor air channel I-3 from top to bottom; the other part is an isolated heat dissipation area II, the part of devices are arranged in a closed cavity, and the heat carried by the internal air is conducted to an external heat sink through an aluminum film of an air heat exchange device by utilizing the air temperature difference of the internal cavity and the external cavity, so that the isolated heat dissipation function of dust sensitive devices is realized. The core heat dissipation area I adopts high-protection ceiling air intake, the inside of the cabinet keeps a positive pressure running state, the power module radiator 1-5 and the reactor 1-6 are respectively positioned in the inverter module radiator air duct I-2 and the reactor air duct I-3, and are in a dustproof working mode; the isolated heat dissipation area II adopts an air heat exchange principle that heat transfer inside and outside the cabinet does not transfer mass, and the inside and outside air components do not exchange mass, and heat transfer is carried out only through the difference between the air temperature inside and outside the cabinet, so that the dust-proof device in the cabinet can be protected to reliably operate in severe environments such as salt fog, high humidity, rainwater and the like.
As described above, the high-power outdoor heat dissipation cabinet comprises a core heat dissipation area I and an isolation heat dissipation area II, and as shown in FIG. 4, two heat dissipation areas are isolated by utilizing the power module air channel partition plate 3-1 and the reactor air channel partition plate 3-2, and air flow paths in the two heat dissipation areas are mutually independent and do not influence each other. The core heat dissipation area I is positioned at the middle part of the cabinet, the upper part of the core heat dissipation area I is provided with a ceiling air inlet structure I-1, the lower part of the core heat dissipation area I is provided with a section of vertical air duct structure, the upper end of the vertical air duct is provided with a centrifugal fan 1-3, the centrifugal fan 1-3 adopts an axial air outlet mode of upper air inlet and lower air outlet, a rectification grid 1-4 is arranged at the air outlet duct position which is close to the lower part of the centrifugal fan 1-3, the power module radiator 1-5 is arranged under the rectification grid 1-4, the radiator fins of the power module radiator are in the vertical direction, as shown in fig. 5, only the fin parts of the radiator are positioned in the core heat dissipation area I, the power module 1-11 is positioned in the isolated heat dissipation area II, the power module radiator 1-5 is provided with a reactor 1-6 under the power module radiator, the reactor is arranged on the cabinet base, a 'round' shaped pore plate 1-7 is arranged around the reactor 1-6, the bottom of the reactor 1-6 is provided with an air outlet protection net 1-8, and the front and rear sides of the base are provided with air exhaust grids 1-9.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the isolated heat dissipation area ii includes two cavities in front and back of the cabinet, and an upper left return air area 5-1 and an upper right return air area 5-3 on both sides of the air duct of the rectification grid 1-4 shown in fig. 9, a middle return air area 5-5 of the power module of the non-fin air duct portion of the area where the power module radiator is located, and a lower left return air area 5-2 and a lower right return air area 5-4 of the front and back cavity ventilation air duct portion on both sides of the reactor. As shown in FIG. 3, an isolated heat dissipation area inside a cabinet is completely isolated from the external atmospheric environment, an air heat exchanger 2-1 is installed on a wall of a rear door plate of the cabinet, as shown in FIG. 8, an air outlet and an air return opening are arranged inside the cabinet where the air heat exchanger 2-1 is located, the air outlet is located in the middle position of a rear cavity of the isolated heat dissipation area, the air return opening is located in the upper space of the isolated heat dissipation area, a U-shaped air duct front partition plate 2-3 is arranged between the internal circulation air outlet and the air return opening of the air heat exchanger 2-1, an alternating current filter capacitor 2-2 is installed above the U-shaped air duct front partition plate 2-3, an alternating current contactor 2-4 and an alternating current breaker 2-5 are placed below the AC filter capacitor, a direct current breaker 2-6 is placed below the front cavity inside the isolated heat dissipation area where the power module radiator 1-5 is located, and a current guide plate 2-8 is installed between the front side of the bus capacitor 2-7 and the cabinet door.
The core heat dissipation area I comprises a ceiling air inlet structure I-1, an inversion module heat dissipation air channel I-2 and a reactor air channel I-3, as shown in fig. 6, wherein the ceiling air inlet structure I-1 adopts a lower air inlet mode, an air inlet adopts a composite filtering device, the core heat dissipation area I comprises a double steel wire mesh embedded dustproof cotton or dustproof net 1-1 and the like, and the built-in double labyrinth baffle 1-2 has a waterproof function; the distance from the air outlet of the centrifugal fan 1-3 to the air inlet of the upper end face of the power module radiator 1-5 is one-time impeller diameter, and the distance from the air inlet of the centrifugal fan 1-3 to the ceiling is at least 0.5-time impeller diameter; the whole air channel of the core heat dissipation area is I-shaped, the centrifugal fan 1-3 is positioned at the upper part of the vertical air channel right below the ceiling, a rectification grid 4 is arranged above the power module radiator 1-5 below the centrifugal fan 1-3 and is mainly used for equalizing the flow of air of the middle radiator of the area right below a fan motor, a gas flow blind area is formed on the leeward side of the motor in the process of blowing and heat dissipation of the centrifugal fan, the rectification grid 1-4 aims to change the local airflow direction of the airflow originally distributed on the periphery of an impeller through the rectification grid air channel, so that the airflow flow distribution in the three radiator air channels below the fan is regulated, the specific implementation mode needs to carry out CFD simulation optimization by means by virtue of the blade spacing, the blade width, the blade angle, the blade height position and the left and right position of the rectification grid, and finally ensures that the air quantity of the air channel of the three-phase power module radiator is basically consistent, so that the problem of uneven temperature of each phase module is solved, preferably, as shown in a rectification grid outline diagram in fig. 10, the rectification grid is composed of left and right parts, three blades are arranged at the left and right sides, the rectification grid angle is 45 degrees, the single blade width is 90mm, the blade height is 50mm, and the height of the air inlet is positioned at the middle of the power module 1-3; as shown in fig. 5, the air channels of the power module radiator, that is, the inversion module radiating air channels i-2, are generally in equidistant layout, the hydraulic diameter of the centrifugal fan adopting axial air outlet is at least required to cover the edge distances of the front, rear, left and right dimensions of the air channels of the three-phase power module radiator, meanwhile, as shown in fig. 7, the reactors 1-6 are positioned below the power module radiator 1-5, preferably, the coil positions of the reactors 1-6 are required to correspond to the air channels of the three-phase power module radiator one by one, so that the uniform heat dissipation of the three-phase coil of the reactor is ensured; on the other hand, because the width of the reactor is generally smaller than the width of the vertical section air duct, a 'back' shaped pore plate 1-7 is generally added when necessary, so that the air flow throttling and heat dissipation strengthening effect of the reactor air duct I-3 is realized, the air outlet is ensured to be smooth as much as possible, the bottom of the reactor is provided with a steel wire protection net, and the front side and the rear side of the base of the cabinet are both provided with the steel wire protection net with 80% of opening ratio. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the air flow direction of the core heat dissipation area is as follows: cooling air enters the cabinet from the front side and the rear side of the ceiling of the cabinet, sequentially passes through dustproof cotton or dustproof nets 1-1, front and rear labyrinth plates 1-2, enters a centrifugal fan 1-3, and then carries out forced air cooling on a three-phase power module radiator 1-5 and a reactor 1-6 in a positive pressure air blast mode, and air outlet at the bottom of the reactor 1-6 uniformly flows out of the front and the rear sides of the bottom of an I-shaped air duct through a cabinet base.
The inside of the isolated heat dissipation area is a closed cavity and is divided into two device installation areas of a front cavity and a rear cavity, the circulation direction of the internal air flow is shown in figure 9, cooling air flows through a left lower return air area 5-2 and a right lower return air area 5-4 of air channels at two sides of a reactor 1-6, flows into the front cavity from the rear side of the cabinet, flows through a left upper return air area 5-1 and a right upper return air area 5-2 at two sides of the air channels of a rectification grid 1-4 and flows into an internal circulation return air inlet at the upper part of the rear cavity from the front side of the cabinet through a middle return air area 5-5 of a non-fin air channel part of the area where the power module radiator 1-5 is located. As shown in fig. 8, the internal circulation air outlet of the air heat exchanger 2-1 is positioned at the upper parts of the ac contactor 2-4 and the ac breaker 2-5 of the rear cavity, the cold air circulates sequentially through the ac contactor 2-4, the ac breaker 2-5 and the copper bars thereof, and as shown in fig. 9, a lower return air circulation channel is designed at the left and right sides of the reactor 1-6, flows through the dc breaker 2-6 of the front cavity, then flows through the deflector 2-8 to shrink and cool the bus capacitor 2-7, and finally flows through the upper return air channels at the left and right sides of the rectification grid 1-4 to enter the internal circulation air return of the heat exchanger. The internal circulation air duct structure is characterized in that a U-shaped air duct front baffle plate 2-3 is arranged between an air outlet and an air inlet of the internal circulation, a cooling circulation path is ensured to cover all parts needing cooling as much as possible, and in order to ensure a good cooling effect, the internal circulation generally adopts a lower air exhaust and upper air return mode, and the external circulation generally adopts an opposite air flow direction, namely, lower air inlet and upper air exhaust, so that counter-current heat exchange inside and outside a cabinet is realized.
Claims (7)
1. A high-power outdoor heat dissipation rack, its characterized in that: the heat dissipation device comprises two independent heat dissipation cavities, a core heat dissipation area (I) and an isolation heat dissipation area (II), wherein the core heat dissipation area (I) and the isolation heat dissipation area (II) are isolated through a power module air channel partition plate (3-1) and a reactor air channel partition plate (3-2), and air flow paths in the two heat dissipation areas are mutually independent and are not influenced;
the core heat dissipation area (I) is positioned at the middle part of the cabinet and is used for strengthening a convection heat dissipation area and is in air contact with the outside, and comprises a ceiling air inlet structure (I-1), an inverter module radiator air channel (I-2) and a reactor air channel (I-3); the lower part of the ceiling air inlet structure (I-1) is a section of vertical air duct structure, the upper end of the vertical air duct is provided with a centrifugal fan (1-3), the centrifugal fan (1-3) adopts an axial air outlet mode of upper air inlet and lower air outlet, a rectifier grid (1-4) is arranged at the position, close to the air outlet duct, below the centrifugal fan (1-3), of the centrifugal fan, a power module radiator (1-5) is arranged right below the rectifier grid (1-4), fins of the radiator are in a vertical direction, only a fin part of the radiator is positioned in a core radiating area (I), the power modules (1-11) are positioned in an isolated radiating area (II), a reactor (1-6) is arranged right below the power module radiator (1-5), and the reactor (1-6) is arranged on a cabinet base;
the isolated heat dissipation area (II) is arranged in a closed cavity, and heat carried by the internal air is conducted to an external heat sink through an aluminum film of the air heat exchange device by utilizing the air temperature difference of the internal cavity and the external cavity, so that an isolated heat dissipation function of dust sensitive devices is realized; the isolated heat dissipation area (II) comprises a front cavity and a rear cavity of the cabinet, an upper left return air area (5-1) and an upper right return air area (5-3) on two sides of an air channel of the rectification grid (1-4), a middle return air area (5-5) of a power module of a non-fin air channel part of an area where the power module radiator (1-5) is positioned, and a lower left return air area (5-2) and a lower right return air area (5-4) of front cavity ventilation air channel parts and rear cavity ventilation air channel parts on two sides of the reactor (1-6); the isolated heat dissipation area is completely isolated from the external atmospheric environment, an air heat exchanger (2-1) is installed on a rear door plate of the cabinet, an air outlet and an air return opening are formed in the cabinet where the air heat exchanger (2-1) is located, the air outlet is located at the middle position of a rear cavity of the isolated heat dissipation area, the air return opening is located in the upper space of the isolated heat dissipation area, a U-shaped air duct front partition plate (2-3) is arranged between an inner circulation air outlet and the air return opening of the air heat exchanger (2-1), an alternating current filter capacitor (2-2) is installed above the U-shaped air duct front partition plate (2-3), an alternating current contactor (2-4) and an alternating current breaker (2-5) are placed below the alternating current filter capacitor, a direct current breaker (2-6) is placed below the front cavity of the isolated heat dissipation area, a bus capacitor (2-7) is placed in the isolated heat dissipation area which is close to the front of the power module radiator (1-5), and a flow guide plate (2-8) is installed between the front side of the bus capacitor (2-7) and the cabinet door;
in the aspect of the design of the airflow cooling direction of the core heat dissipation area, a centrifugal fan (1-3) is arranged on the top of the cabinet, so that the positive pressure working mode in a ventilation air duct of the cabinet is ensured, and the problem of dust accumulation on the leeward side of the air duct where the reactor (1-6) and the power module radiator (1-5) are positioned is avoided; the periphery of the coil of the reactor (1-6) is provided with a 'back' shaped pore plate (1-7), so that the local convection heat exchange effect of the coil of the reactor is enhanced; and on the other hand, the surface of the reactor (1-6) is subjected to end sealing treatment, so that adverse effects of salt mist and a humid environment on insulation of the reactor coil are reduced to the greatest extent.
2. The high power outdoor heat dissipating cabinet of claim 1, wherein: the power module radiator (1-5) in the core radiating area (I) only has the fin part of the power module radiator contacted with the outside atmosphere, and the module and the control veneer connected to the radiator are all in the isolated radiating area, so that the low-cost high-protection radiating function of the power module is realized.
3. The high power outdoor heat dissipating cabinet of claim 1, wherein: the centrifugal fan (1-3) is arranged below the ceiling air inlet structure (I-1) of the core heat dissipation area (I) in an axial air outlet mode, the distance between the air outlet end face and the air inlet of the power module radiator (1-5) is equal to the diameter of one impeller of the rectification grid, and the rectification grid (1-4) is additionally arranged in the axial air outlet air duct of the centrifugal fan to eliminate local air flow blind areas on the leeward side of the motor of the centrifugal fan so as to eliminate the influence of insufficient air quantity of the power module radiator in the area right below the motor of the centrifugal fan.
4. The high power outdoor heat dissipating cabinet of claim 1, wherein: the ceiling air inlet structure (I-1) is internally provided with a double labyrinth, the lower air inlet channel is utilized to prevent rainwater from directly impacting the air inlet vertical surface, the upper end surface of the air inlet is attached with dustproof cotton or dustproof net (1-1), the primary filtration is realized on cold air by matching with the air flow from bottom to top air inlet mode, the clean, safe and reliable heat dissipation of the internal cooling air flow is ensured, and the labyrinth baffle (1-2) is arranged in the ceiling air inlet structure (I-1).
5. The high power outdoor heat dissipating cabinet of claim 1, wherein: the device in the isolation type heat dissipation area (II) belongs to a dust sensitive device, an air heat exchanger (2-1) is installed on a rear panel of a cabinet by adopting an embedded wall, two cold and hot cycles outside and inside the cabinet are mutually isolated, heat is transferred to an external heat sink through aluminum foils by utilizing the temperature difference between hot air in the cabinet and the environment outside the cabinet, the path of a cooling airflow loop is U-shaped, and the cooling airflow loop sequentially passes through an alternating current contactor (2-4), an alternating current circuit breaker (2-5), a direct current circuit breaker (2-6), a direct current bus capacitor (2-7) and an alternating current filter capacitor (2-2), so that the purpose of circularly cooling the device in the cabinet is achieved.
6. The high power outdoor heat dissipating cabinet of claim 1, wherein: the periphery of the reactor (1-6) is provided with a 'back' -shaped pore plate (1-7), the bottom of the reactor (1-6) is provided with an air outlet protective net (1-8), and the front side and the rear side of the base are provided with exhaust grids (1-9).
7. The high power outdoor heat dissipating cabinet of claim 1, wherein: the three blades are arranged on the left and right sides of the rectifying grid (1-4), the blade angle is 45 degrees, the single blade width is 90mm, the arrangement distance is 50mm, and the installation height is positioned at the middle height of the distance between the centrifugal fan (1-3) and the air inlet of the power module radiator (1-5).
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