CN108479765A - Counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Synthetic method - Google Patents

Counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Synthetic method Download PDF

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CN108479765A
CN108479765A CN201810061582.2A CN201810061582A CN108479765A CN 108479765 A CN108479765 A CN 108479765A CN 201810061582 A CN201810061582 A CN 201810061582A CN 108479765 A CN108479765 A CN 108479765A
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tio
zro
counter opal
opal structure
counter
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李莉
安明泽
王润
黄继玮
田宇
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Qiqihar University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/42—Platinum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/002—Catalysts characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/004—Photocatalysts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/02—Solids
    • B01J35/026—Form of the solid particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
    • B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0201—Impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/16—Reducing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
    • B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
    • B01J37/344—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of counter opal structure Pt/TiO2‑ZrO2The synthetic method of photochemical catalyst belongs to chemical industry technical field.With tetraisopropoxy titanium (TTIP, purity 98%), n-butoxy zirconium（C16H36O4Zr）And three kinds of chemical reagent of chloroplatinic acid, as raw material, using vacuum impregnation technology combination photoreduction met hod synthetic composite material, after being washed repeatedly respectively by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, drying obtains final product counter opal structure Pt/TiO2‑ZrO2Composite photo-catalyst.Its surface topography, microstructure, photocatalytic activity are determined, properties of product improve a lot in terms of the photocatalysis of degradable organic pollutant malachite green and photolysis water hydrogen.Using the synthetic method of vacuum impregnation technology combination photoreduction met hod, have the characteristics that the reaction time is short, generation product is uniform, production process brief and practical, sample and batch production performance are reliable and stable.

Description

Counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Synthetic method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Synthetic method, belong to chemical industry technical field.
Background technology
Global energy consumes and the rapid growth of relevant environment problem has caused people to renewable and clean energy resource Active demand.Hydrogen fuel is a kind of safety, the sustainable energy compatible with environment, and water decomposition is to produce hydrogen fuel very One of promising method.Currently, many semiconductor light-catalysts have been applied in photolysis water hydrogen, but they have respectively again From the shortcomings that limit its application in practice.Currently, TiO2It is the relatively broad semiconductor light-catalyst used, Photocatalysis efficiency is higher, chemical stability is good, and price is also relatively cheap.But its photo-generate electron-hole to easily again combine with And quantum efficiency it is relatively low the defects of, limit TiO to a certain extent2Etc. the practical application of single semiconductor.For this purpose, by TiO2 Etc. single semiconductors coupling, gradually increased to improve the research of composite material photocatalysis efficiency using the synergistic effect between them It is more；TiO2The optical absorption ranges of monomer are less than 400 nm, have lower quantum efficiency；Semi-conducting material and TiO appropriate2 It is compound to further enhance TiO using synergistic effect2Photocatalytic activity.ZrO2Belong to the wider oxide of band gap magnitude, energy band Gap is generally 3-5 eV；Also, ZrO2Surface there is acid and alkalinity simultaneously, therefore there is oxidisability and reproducibility, and And there is good photocatalytic activity.ZrO2It is a kind of typical p-type semiconductor, there are 3 kinds of crystal forms, are at room temperature monocline, With the change transitions tetragonal phase of temperature, tetragonal phase has higher catalytic activity and has obtained extensive research.
In addition, being also concerned to the research of the modification of semiconductor in relation to noble metal, this method is to utilize electronics in system The change of distribution to influence the surface nature of semiconductor, therefore can improve its photocatalytic activity；Related noble metal loading Report includes Ag, Pt, Rh, Pd, Ru, Au, Ir etc., wherein the report in relation to Pt is relatively common；This is because compared to it The modified effect of its noble metal, Pt is best.Therefore, Pt is doped to semiconductor TiO2With ZrO2Composite material is expected to prepare height Active photocatalyst hydrogen manufacturing material.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has synthesized counter opal (IO) using vacuum impregnation technology combination photoreduction met hod and has tied Structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Composite material, on the one hand, electron trap is used as by carried noble metal Pt to inhibit semiconductor TiO2With ZrO2 Photo-generate electron-hole pair it is compound, to effectively capture light induced electron, promote the separation of photo-generate electron-hole pair；Together When, captured light induced electron can preferably participate in photolysis water hydrogen reaction；On the other hand, counter opal structure material institute is special Some pore sizes are single, even aperture distribution and the features such as ordered arrangement, its porosity height, large specific surface area, surface is made to inhale Attached ability is strong, can effectively improve the photocatalytic activity of composite material.It is tested by multi-mode light catalytic activity in research, it is right Synthesized composite material counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Photocatalytic degradation investigated.Meanwhile it further investigating The contrast effect of its photolysis water hydrogen performance and other systems, to obtain the counter opal structure of composite material to light Catalytic performance has the experimental result centainly enhanced.The foundation of the structure is expected that by enhance Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Photocatalysis is lived Property and photolysis water hydrogen ability.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Complex light The synthetic method of catalyst weighs polystyrene (PS) glueballs of 2.0 ± 0.1 g, is impregnated with methanol, stirs mistake after 30 min Filter, waits for its natural drying.According to n:N-butoxy zirconium and tetraisopropoxy titanium are slowly added to locate after mixing by the volume ratio of m The PS balls managed, after stirring 1 ± 0.1 h, the solid mixture Muffle furnace of gained is calcined 8 ± 0.5 h by vacuum filling, with To counter opal structure composite material TiO2-ZrO2.Weigh 1.0 ± 0.1 g counter opal structures TiO2-ZrO2, it is placed in 50 10 min of ultrasound in mL deionized waters, are added the vulcanized sodium of 3.0 g as sacrifice agent in photoreduction device, add 0.15 ± 0.02 mL platinum standard liquids, vacuumize after mixing, and 1 h under the irradiation of 300 W xenon lamps carries out photo-reduction Pt.Then, it spends Ion water washing is washed four times with ethyl alcohol for 5-6 times again, is dried in vacuo, and nanocomposite counter opal structure Pt/ is obtained TiO2-ZrO2。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The counter opal structure Pt/ synthesized using vacuum impregnation technology combination photoreduction met hod TiO2-ZrO2Composite photo-catalyst.The composite material is by TiO2Anatase and ZrO2Tetragonal phase is formed.Counter opal knot Structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Maintain good crystal phase structure.Compared with other materials, composite photo-catalyst is auxiliary in ultraviolet light and microwave Help under light has preferable light degradation effect to organic pollution malachite green.In addition, composite catalyst is in sodium sulfide solution There is higher hydrogen-producing speed, counter opal structure Pt/TiO under irradiation with 300W xenon lamps2-ZrO2The hydrogen output of catalyst is about It is 1.5 times of P25, has fully demonstrated the excellent H2-producing capacity of prepared catalyst.Increase moving for light induced electron simultaneously Shifting approach, it is suppressed that counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Photo-generate electron-hole pair it is compound, so as to improve its photocatalysis live Property.Meanwhile using vacuum impregnation technology combination photoreduction met hod synthetic method, with the reaction time is short, generation product is uniform, life The features such as production process brief and practical, sample and batch production performance are reliable and stable.
Description of the drawings
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is synthesis counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Template (polystyrene used in composite photo-catalyst Glueballs) surface topography map.
Fig. 2 is counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Composite photo-catalyst surface topography map.
Fig. 3 is TiO2、ZrO2、TiO2-ZrO2And counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2The XRD of composite photo-catalyst Figure.
Fig. 4 is TiO2、ZrO2、Pt/TiO2-ZrO2And counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2UV, visible light diffusion Abosrption spectrogram.
Fig. 5 is counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2N2Adsorption-desorption abosrption spectrogram.
Fig. 6 is direct degradation, P25, ZrO2Monomer, TiO2Monomer, TiO2-ZrO2、Pt/TiO2-ZrO2, counter opal structure TiO2-ZrO2And counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Ultraviolet catalytic degrading malachite green reaction rate figure.
Fig. 7 is direct degradation, P25, ZrO2Monomer, TiO2Monomer, TiO2-ZrO2、Pt/TiO2-ZrO2, counter opal structure TiO2-ZrO2And counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Ultraviolet catalytic degrading malachite green kinetic results figure.
Fig. 8 is direct degradation, P25, ZrO2Monomer, TiO2Monomer, TiO2-ZrO2、Pt/TiO2-ZrO2, counter opal structure TiO2-ZrO2And counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Microwave assisted photocatalysis degrading malachite green reaction rate figure.
Fig. 9 is P25, TiO2、ZrO2、Pt/TiO2-ZrO2And counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2In Na2S solution Middle photolysis water hydrogen rate diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Composite photo-catalyst weighs polystyrene (PS) glueballs of 2.0 ± 0.1 g, It is impregnated with methanol, is filtered after stirring 30 min, wait for its natural drying.According to n:The volume ratio of m is by 0.8 ± 0.01 mL purchased from upper Hai Chun and bio tech ltd n-butoxy zirconium (C16H36O4Zr) and 3.2 ± 0.01 mL is taken to be purchased from U.S. New Jersey The tetraisopropoxy titanium (TTIP, purity 98%) of company is slowly added to the PS balls handled well after mixing, stirs 1 ± 0.1 h Afterwards, vacuum is filled, and the solid mixture Muffle furnace of gained is calcined 8 ± 0.5 h, to obtain composite material counter opal structure TiO2-ZrO2.Weigh 1.0 ± 0.1 g counter opal structures TiO2-ZrO2, 10 min of ultrasound in 50 mL deionized waters are placed in, 3.0 g are added in photoreduction device and are purchased from Tianjin recovery fine chemistry industry research institute vulcanized sodium (Na2S it) is used as sacrifice agent, The chloroplatinic acid (platinum standard liquid) that 0.15 mL is purchased from Shanghai Jing Chun biochemical technologies Co., Ltd is added, is vacuumized after mixing, Lower 1 h of 300 W xenon lamps irradiation, carries out photo-reduction Pt.Then, it is washed with deionized 5-6 times and washs four times with ethyl alcohol again, vacuum It is dry, obtain nanocomposite counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2。
Counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2The structure of composite photo-catalyst and performance measurement：
One, surface topography and microstructure
The surface topography of template (polystyrene glueballs) is shown in Fig. 1, counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2The surface shape of sample Looks and Micro-Structure Analysis result are shown in Fig. 2.It can be clearly observed by Fig. 2, sample shows counter opal structure, Pt/TiO2- ZrO2Arranged regular is orderly, and the size of macropore is almost the same.
Two, photocatalysis performance measures
Commercially available P25, ZrO2Monomer, TiO2Monomer, TiO2-ZrO2、Pt/TiO2-ZrO2, counter opal structure TiO2-ZrO2And Counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Photocatalytic activity carried out degradable organic pollutant malachite green and photolysis water hydrogen Photocatalysis experiment.
1, XRD analysis result is shown in Fig. 3, as shown in Figure 3 counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2It is TiO in photochemical catalyst2 Anatase, ZrO2For tetragonal phase.
2, UV-vis DRS abosrption spectrogram is as shown in figure 4, as seen from the figure, counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2 Sample has stronger absorption in ultra-violet (UV) band, compared with other samples, composite material counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2It has occurred Part red shift improves counter opal structure Pt/TiO to a certain extent due to the load of Pt2-ZrO2The light of composite material Catalytic activity.
3, counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2N2Adsorption-desorption is shown in Fig. 5, as seen from the figure, counter opal structure Pt/ TiO2-ZrO2With larger specific surface area.
4, degradable organic pollutant malachite green is shown in that Fig. 6, Fig. 8 are shown, counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Composite wood Material shows highest photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet light and microwave radiation technology light to the degradation of malachite green, far more than commercially available P25.In addition, influence of the different samples to degrading malachite green rate is as shown in Figure 7.According to experimental data, according to formula-ln (C t /C 0 )=kt+bIt is calculated, whereinC t Exist for dyestufftConcentration (the mgL at moment-1),C 0 It is dyestuff initial concentration (mg L-1),kIt is rate constant (min-1),bFor intercept.As seen from Figure 7,-ln(C t /C 0 )With the reaction timetIt is substantially in a linear relationship, This illustrates that the degradation of dyestuff malachite green follows pseudo-first order reaction kinetics.
5, photolysis water hydrogen P25, ZrO2、TiO2、Pt/TiO2-ZrO2And counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2 Na2Hydrogen is produced in S solution, and the results are shown in Figure 9.The result shows that counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Composite material has preferable Hydrogen production potential.

Claims (2)

1. counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Synthetic method, it is characterized in that：Weigh the polystyrene (PS) of 2.0 ± 0.1 g Glueballs is impregnated with methanol, is filtered after stirring 30 min, is waited for its natural drying；According to n:The volume ratio of m purchases 0.8 ± 0.01 mL From Shanghai spring and bio tech ltd n-butoxy zirconium (C16H36O4Zr) and 3.2 ± 0.01 mL is taken to be purchased from U.S. New The tetraisopropoxy titanium (TTIP, purity 98%) of Jersey companies is slowly added to the PS balls handled well, stirring 1.0 after mixing After ± 0.1 h, the solid mixture Muffle furnace of gained is calcined 8 ± 0.5 h, to obtain counter opal structure by vacuum filling TiO2-ZrO2；Weigh 1.0 ± 0.01 g counter opal structures TiO2-ZrO2, it is placed in ultrasound 10 in 50 mL deionized waters 3.0 g are added in photoreduction device and are purchased from Tianjin recovery fine chemistry industry research institute vulcanized sodium (Na by min2S) as sacrifice Agent adds the chloroplatinic acid (platinum standard liquid) that 0.15 ± 0.02 mL is purchased from Shanghai Jing Chun biochemical technologies Co., Ltd, after mixing It vacuumizes, 1 h under the irradiation of 300 W xenon lamps carries out photo-reduction Pt；Then, 5-6 times is washed with deionized to be washed with ethyl alcohol again Four times, vacuum drying obtains nanocomposite counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2。
2. counter opal structure Pt/TiO according to claim 12-ZrO2Composite material, it is characterized in that：Weigh 2.0 g's Polystyrene (PS) glueballs, is impregnated with methanol, is filtered after stirring 30 min, is waited for its natural drying；According to n:The volume ratio of m will just Butoxy zirconium and tetraisopropoxy titanium are slowly added to the PS balls handled well after mixing, after stirring 1 h, vacuum filling, by institute The solid mixture Muffle furnace obtained calcines 8 h, to obtain composite material counter opal structure TiO2-ZrO2；It is anti-to weigh 1.0 g Opal structural TiO2-ZrO2, 10 min of ultrasound in 50 mL deionized waters are placed in, are added 3.0 g's in photoreduction device Vulcanized sodium adds 0.15 mL platinum standard liquids, vacuumizes after mixing as sacrifice agent, 1 h under the irradiation of 300 W xenon lamps, into Row photo-reduction Pt.Then, it is washed with deionized 5-6 times to be washed four times with ethyl alcohol again, be dried in vacuo, obtain nanocomposite Counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2。
CN201810061582.2A 2018-01-23 2018-01-23 Counter opal structure Pt/TiO2-ZrO2Synthetic method Pending CN108479765A (en)

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CN114669291A (en) * 2022-05-06 2022-06-28 南京工业大学 Catalyst particle with inverse protein structure for catalytic oxidation of methane and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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