CN108479099A - 多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法 - Google Patents
多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108479099A CN108479099A CN201810236343.6A CN201810236343A CN108479099A CN 108479099 A CN108479099 A CN 108479099A CN 201810236343 A CN201810236343 A CN 201810236343A CN 108479099 A CN108479099 A CN 108479099A
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- oil
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- refines
- reclaimed
- effect distilling
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- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- 230000003078 antioxidant Effects 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical group 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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/143—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column by two or more of a fractionation, separation or rectification step
- B01D3/146—Multiple effect distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0025—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes
- C10M175/0033—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes using distillation processes; devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0083—Lubricating greases
Abstract
本发明公开了一种多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，属于油品精制技术领域。解决了现有技术精制再生润滑油收率低，污染大的问题，所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，包括以下步骤：将基础油和碱液分别泵入换热器换热后送入管式加热炉加热，将加热后的基础油送入多效蒸馏塔分三线进行分割，塔顶分馏出水和塔顶油，塔底馏出塔底油，侧线馏出精制油。本发明方法可用于精制再生润滑油。
Description
多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，属于油品精制技术领域。
背景技术
[0002] 经过蒸馏和溶剂精制后的润滑油基础油，其质量已基本上达到要求，但一般总会 含少量未分离掉的溶剂、水分以及回收溶剂时加热产生的某些大分子缩合物、胶质和不稳 定化合物，还可能从加工设备中带出一些铁肩之类的机械杂质。为了将这些杂质去掉，进一 步改善润滑油的颜色，提高安定性，降低残炭，传统方法一般采用白土精制。白土精制是利 用活性白土的吸附能力，使各类杂质吸附在活性白土上，然后滤去白土除去所有杂质，工艺 是在油品中加入少量(一般为百分之几）预先烘干的活性白土，边搅拌边加热，使油品与白 土充分混合，杂质即完全吸附在白土上，然后用过滤机过滤，除去白土和机械杂质，即可得 到白土精制后的基础油。
[0003] 润滑油白土精制可改善润滑油基础油的氧化安定性及比色。能够改善油品颜色、 抗氧化安定性、抗乳化性、绝缘性和残碳值。但是吸附在白土内的油无法回收，油品质量一 般，挥发度较高，气味大，酸值高，并且导致大量废白土渣，处理困难，环境污染较大。
发明内容
[0004]本发明的目的在于提供一种多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，提高再生润滑油收 率和油品质量，减少环境污染。
[0005]所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，包括以下步骤：
[0006]将基础油和碱液分别泵入换热器换热后送入管式加热炉加热，将加热后的基础油 送入多效蒸馏塔分三线进行分割，塔顶分镏出水和塔顶油，塔底馏出塔底油，侧线馏出精制 油。
[0007]进一步地讲，所述的侧线包括上侧线和下侧线，两条侧线的馏出成分从塔内由泵 抽出后分为三部分，一部分作为侧线热回流入塔，第二部分经换热器、冷却器冷却后到塔顶 回流，第三部分作为精制油成品进入罐区。
[0008]进一步地讲，在所述多效蒸馏塔中下部通入过热蒸汽对基础油进行汽提。
[0009]进一步地讲，所述的多效蒸馏塔塔顶分馏出的水和塔顶油经塔顶油气冷凝器冷却 后进入塔顶水封罐，在塔顶水封罐中不凝气送入瓦斯罐，塔顶油送入馏出油罐。
[0010]进一步地讲，所述的基础油和碱液分别泵入换热器之前先送入混合器混合。
[0011 ]进一步地讲，所述的碱液加入量占基础油总质量的0. i-〇. 4%。。
[0012]进一步地讲，所述基础油经换热器换热后温度swojtKrc。
[0013]进一步地讲，所述基础油经管式加热炉加热后温度为300-35(rc。
[0014]进一步地讲，所述多效蒸馏塔内压力为—0.096--0. IMPa。
[0015]与现有技术相比本发明的有益效果是：
[0016]传统的白土吸附精制再生润滑油的方法基础油收率在85 %左右，而且会产生大量 不可回收利用的废白土;本发明方法无污染，基础油收率在93 %以上，而且得到的油品的色 度、挥发度、粘度、流动性以及气味都优于传统白土吸附的油品。
附图说明
[0017]图1是多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的工艺流程图；
[0018]其中，1、基础油泵；2、碱液栗；3、原料油-侧线油（m)换热器;4、原料油-侧线油 (II)换热器;5、原料油-塔底油（I)换热器;6、管式加热炉;7、多效蒸馏塔;8、塔顶油气冷凝 器;9、塔顶水封罐；10、塔顶污水泵；11、塔顶馏出油泵；12、精制油冷却器；13、上侧线精油 泵;14、下侧线精油泵;15、塔底油冷却器;16、蒸发塔底泵；
具体实施方式
[0019]下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
[0020] 实施例1
[0021] 所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，包括以下步骤：
[0022]利用基础油杲1和碱液泵2分别将基础油和碱液送入混合器混合，其中碱液加入量 占基础油总质量的0.3%。，然后换热器换热至18(TC后送入管式加热炉6加热至320 °C，将加 热后的基础油送入压力为-0_098MPa的多效蒸馏塔7分三线进行分割；
[0023] —线是塔顶分馏出水和塔顶油，水和塔顶油依次送入塔顶油气冷凝器8和塔顶水 封罐9冷凝，不凝气送至瓦斯罐，水分经塔顶污水泵10抽出送入污水管，塔顶油经塔顶馏出 油栗11抽出送入馏出油罐；
[0024]二线是侧线馏出精制油，所述的侧线包括上侧线和下侧线，两条侧线的馏出成分 分别由上侧线精油泵13和下侧线精油栗14从塔内抽出，抽出后的馏出成分经原料油-侧线 油（III)换热器3或原料油-侧线油（II)换热器4换热和精制油冷却器12冷却后分为三部分， 一部分作为侧线热回流入塔，一部分经到塔顶回流，一部分作为精制油成品进入罐区；
[0025]三线是塔底馏出塔底油，塔底油通过蒸发塔底栗16从塔内抽出，经原料油—塔底油 (I)换热器5和塔底油冷却器15冷却后送入罐区。
[0026]在所述多效蒸馏塔7中下部通入过热蒸汽对基础油进行汽提。
[0027] 实施例2
[0028]所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，包括以下步骤：
[0029]利用基础油泵1和碱液栗2分别将基础油和碱液送入混合器混合，其中碱液加入量 占基础油总质量的0.1%〇，然后换热器换热至16(TC后送入管式加热炉6加热至30CTC，将加 热后的基础油送入压力为-0 • 〇96MPa的多效蒸馈塔7分三线进行分割;具体分割步骤同实施 例1。
[0030] 实施例3
[0031]所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，包括以下步骤：
[0032]利用基础油杲1和碱液泵2分别将基础油和碱液送入混合器混合，其中碱液加入量 占基础油总质量的0.4%。，然后换热器换热至20(TC后送入管式加热炉6加热至35〇。(：，将加 热后的基础油送入压力为-0 • IMPa的多效蒸馏塔7分三线进行分割;具体分割步骤同实施例 1〇
Claims (9)
1. 一种多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤： 将基础油和碱液分别栗入换热器换热后送入管式加热炉(6)加热，将加热后的基础油 送入多效蒸馏塔⑺分三线进行分割，塔顶分馏出水和塔顶油，塔底馏出塔底油，侧线馈出 精制油。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，其特征在于:所述的侧线包 括上侧线和下侧线，两条侧线的馏出成分从塔内由栗抽出后分为三部分，一部分作为侧线 热回流入塔，第二部分经换热器、冷却器冷却后到塔顶回流，第三部分作为精制油成品进入 罐区。
3.根据权利要求2所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，其特征在于:在所述多效蒸 馏塔(7)中下部通入过热蒸汽对基础油进行汽提。
4. 根据权利要求2所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，其特征在于:所述的多效蒸 馏塔(7)塔顶分馏出的水和塔顶油经塔顶油气冷凝器(8)冷却后进入塔顶水封罐(9)，在塔 顶水封罐〇))中不凝气送入瓦斯罐，塔顶油送入馏出油罐。
5. 根据权利要求2所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，其特征在于:所述的基础油 和碱液分别泵入换热器之前先送入混合器混合。
6. 根据权利要求2所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，其特征在于:所述的碱液加 入量占基础油总质量的0.1-0.4%。。
7. 根据权利要求2所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，其特征在于:所述基础油经 换热器换热后温度为160_200°C。
8. 根据权利要求2所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，其特征在于:所述基础油经 管式加热炉⑹加热后温度为300-350°C。
9. 根据权利要求2所述的多效蒸馏精制再生润滑油的方法，其特征在于:所述多效蒸馏 塔⑺内压力为-0• 096—0 _lMPa。
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