CN108466168B - Novel mechanical grinding clamp with adjustable micro grinding thickness - Google Patents

Abstract

The novel mechanical grinding processing clamp comprises a clamp body, a workpiece carrying disc, a driving inclined wedge block, a driven inclined wedge block, a compression spring, an upper dovetail groove block, a lower dovetail groove block, a sheet-shaped workpiece, substitutes, differential heads and an end cover, wherein the substitutes are bonded on the lower end face of the clamp body through paraffin; the middle part of the clamp body is sequentially provided with a driving wedge block mounting groove, a driven wedge block mounting groove, a compression spring mounting groove and a dovetail groove block mounting groove from top to bottom along the vertical direction; the lower dovetail groove block and the upper dovetail groove block are mutually detachably matched and are installed in the dovetail groove installation groove together. The invention provides a novel mechanical grinding clamp with adjustable micro grinding thickness, which can realize accurate adjustment of different micro grinding thicknesses according to different thicknesses of a workpiece to be processed, and can remarkably improve grinding processing efficiency and workpiece processing surface quality by utilizing the design of substitutes and surface fine runners.

Description

A new type of mechanical grinding fixture with adjustable micro-grinding thickness

Technical Field

The present invention belongs to the technical field of plane grinding tooling and fixtures, and more specifically, relates to a novel mechanical grinding tooling and fixture with adjustable micro-grinding thickness, in particular a grinding tooling and fixture capable of obtaining higher surface quality and less damage.

Background technique

The amount of material removed from the surface during plane grinding is micron-level. The amount of material removed during rough grinding is generally about 0.3mm, and the amount of material removed during conventional grinding and fine grinding is generally a few microns to a dozen or tens of microns. During plane grinding, the workpiece to be processed is bonded to the workpiece carrier through paraffin wax, and then the workpiece carrier is installed in the grinding fixture. Usually, the workpieces of the same patch are of the same height, and the thickness of the workpiece removed can only be known after the workpiece is removed from the carrier. It is impossible to adjust and control the grinding removal height of the workpiece, that is, the machining allowance in advance. Generally, it is judged according to machining parameters such as grinding time, grinding pressure, and abrasive particle size. At present, there are related micro-grinding thickness measurement methods and devices to control the removal thickness of the machining process, but they are relatively complicated and the cost is relatively high. For general grinding, we can take the method of removing the workpiece from the fixture for measurement, but sometimes the workpiece cannot be disassembled during the machining process or the disassembly affects the positioning and accuracy of subsequent machining. This direct measurement method is not suitable to achieve the required grinding machining allowance. Therefore, it is necessary to design a set of grinding fixtures that can adjust the micro-grinding height and are suitable for grinding workpieces of different thicknesses.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a new type of mechanical grinding processing fixture with adjustable micro-grinding thickness, which overcomes the disadvantage of failing to adjust and control the grinding removal thickness of the workpiece, i.e., the processing allowance, in advance, and can achieve precise adjustment of different micro-grinding thicknesses according to the different thicknesses of the workpiece being processed. By utilizing the design of substitutes and surface micro-channels, the grinding processing efficiency and the workpiece processing surface quality can be significantly improved.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

A novel mechanical grinding fixture with adjustable micro-grinding thickness, comprising a clamp body, a workpiece carrier, an active inclined wedge block, a driven inclined wedge block, a compression spring, an upper dovetail groove block, a lower dovetail groove block, a sheet workpiece, a substitute, a differential head and an end cover, wherein the workpiece carrier has a stepped groove therein and is invertedly mounted on the lower end of the clamp body and is flush with the bottom surface of the clamp body, and the substitute is bonded to the lower end surface of the clamp body by paraffin wax;

The middle part of the clamp body is processed with an active inclined wedge block mounting groove, a driven inclined wedge block mounting groove, a compression spring mounting groove and a dovetail block mounting groove in sequence from top to bottom along its vertical direction; the lower dovetail block and the upper dovetail block are detachably matched with each other and are installed together in the dovetail block mounting groove, and the sheet workpiece is bonded to the lower dovetail block by paraffin wax, and the clamp body is also provided with a set screw I for fastening the upper dovetail block; the driven inclined wedge block is installed in the driven inclined wedge block mounting groove and its lower end passes through the compression spring mounting groove and is fixedly connected to the upper dovetail block, the compression spring is installed in the compression spring mounting groove and is sleeved outside the driven inclined wedge block; the active The inclined wedge block is installed in the active inclined wedge block installation groove, and the inclined wedge surface of the active inclined wedge block is tightly arranged with the inclined wedge surface of the driven inclined wedge block. One end of the active inclined wedge block is installed on the groove wall of the active inclined wedge block installation groove through a small compression spring. The differential head is installed on the clamp body, and the differential head nut is used as an axial fixation and the set screw II is used for radial fixation. The spherical end of the differential head presses the small compression spring by pressing the other end of the active inclined wedge block. The translation amount of the active inclined wedge block is adjusted by adjusting the differential head, thereby driving the driven inclined wedge block to move up and down; the end cover contacts and presses the upper end surface of the active inclined wedge block, and is fixedly connected to the clamp body by screws.

The width of the wedge surface of the active wedge block is smaller than that of the driven wedge block, the driven wedge block is provided with a cylindrical hole on the periphery of the active wedge block, and the end cover is provided with a circular hole coaxially arranged with the cylindrical hole. Because the width of the wedge surface of the active wedge block is smaller than that of the driven wedge block, the active wedge block will not block the cylindrical hole.

Furthermore, a small compression spring mounting groove II is opened on one side of the active inclined wedge block mounting groove, and a side wall circular hole is opened on the other side; a small compression spring mounting groove I is opened at one end of the active inclined wedge block, one end of the small compression spring is installed in the small compression spring mounting groove II, and the other end of the small compression spring is installed in the small compression spring mounting groove I; the differential head is interference fit in the side wall circular hole.

Furthermore, the driven bevel wedge block includes a driven bevel wedge section and a cylinder, the driven bevel wedge section is installed in the driven bevel wedge block mounting groove, the cylinder passes through the compression spring mounting groove and is fixedly connected to the upper dovetail groove block by a hexagon socket screw, and the compression spring is tightly arranged on the cylinder.

Furthermore, the number of the sheet-like workpieces is five.

Furthermore, the wedge angles of the active wedge block and the driven wedge block are both 5.71°, that is, the ratio of the vertical height to the horizontal length of the wedge surface of the active wedge block is 0.1, and similarly, the ratio of the vertical height to the horizontal length of the wedge surface of the driven wedge block is also 0.1; the roughness values of the wedge surfaces of the active wedge block and the driven wedge block are both less than or equal to 0.4 μm.

Furthermore, the elastic modulus of the material of the substitute is greater than the elastic modulus of the sheet workpiece, and the substitute uses sapphire and alumina ceramics.

Furthermore, fine flow channels are provided on the surface of the substitute, and the fine flow channels are linear micro-flow channels or cross-shaped micro-flow channels.

Furthermore, the accuracy of the micrometer head is 5 μm and the measuring range is 6.5 mm.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: using a differential head to drive an inclined wedge mechanism composed of an active inclined wedge block and a driven inclined wedge block to accurately adjust the micro-grinding thickness of the grinding workpiece, the fine-tuning accuracy is improved from the original 10μm to 0.5μm, and it can meet the grinding requirements of workpieces of different thicknesses. The design of the fine flow channel on the surface of the substitute is conducive to increasing the number of abrasive particles participating in the grinding process at the same time, and it is expected to achieve high-efficiency grinding and plane grinding with low surface damage.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an axonometric view of the lower dovetail groove block of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top view of a single sheet-like workpiece according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an axonometric view of the driven inclined wedge block of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a top view of the end cover of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a top view of a sheet-shaped workpiece and a linear microfluidic channel substitute in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a top view of a sheet-like workpiece and a cross-shaped microfluidic channel substitute in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a new type of mechanical grinding fixture with adjustable micro-grinding thickness includes a small compression spring 1, a driven inclined wedge block 2, a clamp body 3, a compression spring 4, an upper dovetail groove block 5, a lower dovetail groove block 6, a sheet workpiece 7, a substitute 8, a workpiece carrier 9, a differential head 16, an end cover 19 and an active inclined wedge block 21. The middle part of the clamp body 3 and along the vertical direction of the clamp body 3 are sequentially processed with an active inclined wedge block mounting groove 20, a driven inclined wedge block mounting groove 14, a compression spring mounting groove 12 and a dovetail groove mounting groove 11, and a small compression spring mounting groove II 23 is opened on one side of the active inclined wedge block mounting groove 20, and a side wall circular hole 18 is opened on the other side. The substitute 8 is bonded to the lower end plane of the clamp body 3 by paraffin wax. The sheet workpiece 7 has five pieces in total, which are bonded to the lower dovetail groove block 6 by paraffin wax. The upper dovetail groove block 5 cooperates with the lower dovetail groove block 6 and is installed together in the dovetail groove installation groove 11 of the clamp body 3. One side of the upper dovetail groove block 5 is fastened with a set screw Ⅰ10. The workpiece carrier 9 has a stepped groove in it and is mounted upside down on the lower end of the clamp body 3 and is flush with the bottom surface of the clamp body 3. The driven angular wedge block 2 is composed of a driven angular wedge section 24 and a cylinder 25. The driven angular wedge block 2 is installed in the driven angular wedge block installation groove 14. The cylinder passes through the compression spring installation groove 12. The upper dovetail groove block 5 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 25 of the driven angular wedge block 2 by a hexagon socket screw 13, so that the driven angular wedge block 2 and the upper dovetail groove block 5 move up and down together. The compression spring 4 is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder 25 of the driven angular wedge block 2 and is fixedly connected to one side of the compression spring installation groove 12. The wedge block 2 is closely arranged with the compression spring 4, the active inclined wedge block 21 is installed in the active inclined wedge block installation groove 20, and the inclined wedge surface of the active inclined wedge block 21 is closely arranged with the inclined wedge surface of the driven inclined wedge block 2, a small compression spring installation groove Ⅰ22 is opened at one end of the active inclined wedge block 21, the small compression spring 1 is fixedly connected to the small compression spring installation groove Ⅱ23 on the inner wall of the clamp body 3, and the small compression spring installation groove Ⅰ22 on the active inclined wedge block 21 is closely arranged with the small compression spring 1 The differential head 16 is interference fit in the circular hole 18 on the side wall of the clamp body 3, and the differential head nut 15 is used for axial fixation and the set screw II 17 is used for radial fixation. The spherical end of the differential head 16 presses the small compression spring 1 by pressing the other end of the active inclined wedge block 21. The end cover 19 contacts and presses the upper end surface of the active inclined wedge block 21, and is fixedly connected to the clamp body 3 by screws, and the circular hole 27 on the end cover 19 and the cylindrical small hole 26 on the driven inclined wedge block 2 are coaxial.

The number of the sheet workpieces 7 in this example is five, and the number can be adjusted according to the design width of the lower dovetail groove block 6, and the lower dovetail groove block 6 has different design heights to choose from, which can be used for grinding and micro-grinding height adjustment of sheet workpieces 7 with a thickness of 1 to 5 mm at one time;

The wedge angles of the active wedge block 21 and the driven wedge block 2 are both 5.71°, which is less than 11°. While ensuring the self-locking function after the grinding height adjustment is completed, the ratio of the vertical height to the horizontal length of the two wedge blocks is 0.1. In addition, to ensure the smooth movement of the two wedge blocks, the surface roughness value is not higher than 0.4 μm.

The accuracy of the micrometer head 16 is 5 μm, and the range is 6.5 mm. Through the vertical and horizontal proportional relationship of 0.1 of the inclined wedge mechanism, the micro-grinding height adjustment accuracy is increased to 0.5 μm, and the micro-grinding height adjustment range is reduced to 0.65 mm.

The elastic modulus of the material of the substitute 8 is greater than that of the workpiece being ground, generally more than 2 times, and sapphire and alumina ceramics are commonly used. The use of the substitute 8 can effectively reduce the grinding surface roughness and surface damage of the sheet workpiece 7;

In order to improve the efficiency of the grinding process, a micro channel of a certain size is opened on the surface of the substitute 8. This example provides two structures of channels, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, one is a linear micro channel 28, and the other is a cross micro channel 29.

The main working process of the present invention is as follows: when the micro-grinding height of the sheet workpiece 7 is adjusted, the differential head 16 is rotated, and the spherical end of the differential head 16 pushes the active inclined wedge block 21 to move. Through the inclined surface cooperation between the active inclined wedge block 21 and the driven inclined wedge block 2, the driven inclined wedge block 2 is driven to move vertically, thereby driving the upper dovetail groove block 5 and the lower dovetail groove block 6 to move vertically together, thereby adjusting the height of the sheet workpiece 7 bonded to the lower dovetail groove block 6. When the adjusted grinding height reaches the required grinding removal amount, the set screw Ⅰ10 is tightened to tighten the upper dovetail groove block 5 for positioning, and then the plane grinding process is performed. When the processing is completed and the sheet workpiece 7 of different thickness needs to be replaced, loosen the set screw Ⅰ10 and the differential head 16, pass the small cylindrical rod through the round hole 27 on the end cover 19, press the cylindrical small hole 26 on the driven inclined wedge block 2 downward, and under the action of the compression spring 4, push the lower dovetail groove block 6 and the sheet workpiece out of the dovetail groove mounting groove 11 of the clamp body 3, then remove the lower dovetail groove block 6 from the upper dovetail groove block 5, then remove the processed sheet workpiece 7, and finally replace the sheet workpiece 7 of another thickness to carry out the next stage of micro-grinding thickness adjustment.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present invention. Any technical solution that can be implemented on the basis of the above embodiments without creative work is deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a novel mechanical grinding adds clamping apparatus of micro-grinding thickness adjustable which characterized in that: the fixture comprises a fixture body, a workpiece carrying disc, a driving wedge block, a driven wedge block, a compression spring, an upper dovetail groove block, a lower dovetail groove block, a sheet-shaped workpiece, a substitute, a differential head and an end cover, wherein a stepped groove is formed in the workpiece carrying disc, the workpiece carrying disc is reversely buckled and installed on the lower end of the fixture body and is at the same time level with the bottom surface of the fixture body, and the substitute is bonded on the lower end surface of the fixture body through paraffin;

the middle part of the clamp body is sequentially provided with a driving wedge block mounting groove, a driven wedge block mounting groove, a compression spring mounting groove and a dovetail groove block mounting groove from top to bottom along the vertical direction; the lower dovetail groove block and the upper dovetail groove block are mutually detachably matched and are installed in the dovetail groove installation groove together, the sheet-shaped workpiece is adhered to the lower dovetail groove block through paraffin, and the clamp body is also provided with a fastening screw I for fastening the upper dovetail groove block; the driven inclined wedge block is arranged in the driven inclined wedge block mounting groove, the lower end of the driven inclined wedge block passes through the compression spring mounting groove and is fixedly connected with the upper dovetail groove block, and the compression spring is arranged in the compression spring mounting groove and is sleeved outside the driven inclined wedge block; the driving wedge block is arranged in the driving wedge block mounting groove, the wedge surface of the driving wedge block is tightly attached to the wedge surface of the driven wedge block, one end of the driving wedge block is arranged on the groove wall of the driving wedge block mounting groove through a small compression spring, the differential head is arranged on the clamp body and is radially fixed through the differential head nut serving as an axial fixing and fastening screw II, the small compression spring is tightly pressed by the spherical end of the differential head through pushing the other end of the driving wedge block, and the translation amount of the driving wedge block is regulated through regulating the differential head, so that the driven wedge block is driven to move up and down; the end cover is in contact with and tightly presses the upper end face of the driving wedge block, and is fixedly connected with the clamp body through a screw;

the width of the inclined wedge surface of the driving inclined wedge is smaller than that of the inclined wedge surface of the driven inclined wedge, the driven inclined wedge is provided with cylindrical small holes on the periphery of the driving inclined wedge, and the end cover is provided with a circular hole through hole which is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical small holes;

a small compression spring mounting groove II is formed in one side of the driving wedge block mounting groove, a side wall round hole is formed in the other side of the driving wedge block mounting groove, a small compression spring mounting groove I is formed in one end of the driving wedge block, one end of the small compression spring is mounted in the small compression spring mounting groove II, and the other end of the small compression spring is mounted in the small compression spring mounting groove I; the micro head is in interference fit with the side wall round hole;

the driven wedge block comprises a driven wedge block section and a cylinder, the driven wedge block section is arranged in a driven wedge block mounting groove, the cylinder penetrates through a compression spring mounting groove and is fixedly connected with an upper dovetail groove block through an inner hexagon screw, and the compression spring is tightly attached to the cylinder;

the wedge angles of the driving wedge block and the driven wedge block are 5.71 degrees, namely the ratio of the vertical height to the horizontal length of the wedge surface of the driving wedge block is 0.1, and the ratio of the vertical height to the horizontal length of the wedge surface of the driven wedge block is also 0.1; the roughness values of the wedge surface of the driving wedge block and the wedge surface of the driven wedge block are smaller than or equal to 0.4 mu m;

the elastic modulus of the material of the substitute is larger than that of the sheet-shaped workpiece, and the substitute adopts sapphire and alumina ceramics.

2. The novel mechanical grinding clamp with adjustable micro grinding thickness as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the number of the sheet-shaped workpieces is five.

3. A novel mechanical grinding clamp with adjustable micro grinding thickness as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the surface of the substitute is provided with a fine runner, and the fine runner is a straight micro runner or a cross micro runner.

4. The novel mechanical grinding clamp with adjustable micro grinding thickness as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the precision of the differential head is 5 mu m, and the measuring range is 6.5mm.