CN108458619A - A kind of coupled thermomechanics radiator of thermo-electric generation driving cooling fluid - Google Patents
A kind of coupled thermomechanics radiator of thermo-electric generation driving cooling fluid Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及散热器领域，尤其是一种热电耦合散热器。The invention relates to the field of radiators, in particular to a thermoelectric coupling radiator.
背景技术Background technique
工业全球化带来了环境和能源危机，人们开始寻求绿色环保的能源技术。来自生产和生活环节产生的大量余热已经成为一个潜在能量宝库。根据能量贬值原理，能量品质较低的热能无法自发转化为高品质能量，因而余热很难有效地利用而直接释放。传统的散热器需要另外单独供电，只是促进了热量转移，并未对热源产生的余热加以有效的利用。随着半导体及其相关材料技术的深入研究，人们开始关注半导体温差发电技术在余热、废热回收利用的价值。半导体温差发电技术是利用热电转换材料直接将热能转化为电能的发电技术，具有无运动部件、体积小、重量轻、移动方便和可靠性高等特点，是绿色环保的发电方式，已成功应用于国防、航天、医学和科学研究等各个领域。半导体温差发电技术与塞贝克效应、帕尔帖效应和汤姆逊效应这三大热电效应直接相关。基于这三个效应，可以制造出实现热能与电能之间相互转换的温差发电器件如半导体热电片等。Industrial globalization has brought environmental and energy crises, and people are beginning to seek green and environmentally friendly energy technologies. A large amount of waste heat from production and living links has become a potential energy treasure house. According to the principle of energy depreciation, thermal energy with low energy quality cannot be converted into high-quality energy spontaneously, so it is difficult to effectively utilize waste heat and release it directly. The traditional radiator requires separate power supply, which only promotes heat transfer, but does not effectively utilize the waste heat generated by the heat source. With the in-depth research of semiconductor and related material technology, people began to pay attention to the value of semiconductor thermoelectric power generation technology in waste heat and waste heat recovery and utilization. Semiconductor thermoelectric power generation technology is a power generation technology that uses thermoelectric conversion materials to directly convert heat energy into electrical energy. It has the characteristics of no moving parts, small size, light weight, convenient movement and high reliability. It is a green and environmentally friendly power generation method and has been successfully used in national defense. , aerospace, medicine and scientific research and other fields. Semiconductor thermoelectric power generation technology is directly related to the three thermoelectric effects of Seebeck effect, Peltier effect and Thomson effect. Based on these three effects, thermoelectric power generation devices, such as semiconductor thermoelectric chips, can be manufactured to realize mutual conversion between heat energy and electric energy.
中国专利号“201711012974.1”公开了一种温差电制冷器的热管散热器，其优点在于：整机结构稳定性高，散热效果和效率高等工作效果；但是其在工作过程中能量无法智能利用，存在能量的再次流失，温差发电单元感知温差不灵敏。Chinese Patent No. "201711012974.1" discloses a heat pipe radiator of a thermoelectric refrigerator, which has the advantages of high structural stability of the whole machine, high heat dissipation effect and high efficiency; The energy is lost again, and the thermoelectric power generation unit is not sensitive to the temperature difference.
中国专利号“201720552689.8”公开了一种新型散热器，其优点在于：快速散热，无噪音污染等工作效果；但是其在工作过程中6个高速风扇，能量损耗高，散热效率不高。Chinese Patent No. "201720552689.8" discloses a new type of radiator, which has the advantages of fast heat dissipation, no noise pollution and other working effects; but it has 6 high-speed fans during the working process, high energy loss and low heat dissipation efficiency.
中国专利号“201710092562.7”公开了一种水电两用散热器，其优点在于：水电两用，能达到空调的效果，用途广，绿色环保；但是在其工作过程中，空气对流慢，散热效率低。Chinese Patent No. "201710092562.7" discloses a hydroelectric dual-purpose radiator, which has the advantages of: hydroelectric dual-purpose, can achieve the effect of air conditioning, wide application, green and environmental protection; but in its working process, the air convection is slow and the heat dissipation efficiency is low .
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种温差发电驱动冷却流体的热电耦合散热器。In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a thermoelectric coupling heat sink for cooling fluid driven by thermoelectric power generation.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案为：The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem adopts is:
一种温差发电驱动冷却流体的热电耦合散热器，包括冷却流体散热单元，半导体温差发电单元，热源，蓄电池，控制单元和温度传感器，控制单元包括控制器和补偿器，半导体温差发电单元位于冷却流体散热单元与热源之间，半导体温差发电单元通过导线依次串联蓄电池、控制器和温度传感器，温度传感器连接在热源上，并将温度传送到控制单元，控制器的连接温度传感器的一端再分别连接在液泵和散热风扇上。A thermoelectric coupling radiator for cooling fluid driven by thermoelectric power generation, including a cooling fluid cooling unit, a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit, a heat source, a storage battery, a control unit and a temperature sensor, the control unit includes a controller and a compensator, and the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is located in the cooling fluid Between the cooling unit and the heat source, the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is connected in series with the battery, the controller and the temperature sensor through wires, the temperature sensor is connected to the heat source, and transmits the temperature to the control unit, and the end of the controller connected to the temperature sensor is connected to the on the liquid pump and cooling fan.
其中冷却流体散热单元包括液体散热单元和气体散热单元，冷却流体散热单元受控制单元控制，液体散热单元包括散热风扇和散热翅片，气体散热单元包括冷却液降温器、液体冷却器、储液箱和液泵，液体冷却器放置于冷却液降温器下方，液体冷却器与冷却液降温器通过管道相连，散热翅片置于冷却液降温器上方，散热翅片上方为散热风扇，储液箱和冷却液降温器通过管道相连，冷却液降温器内设有管道，管道的一端直接与储液箱相连，管道的另一端进入液体冷却器后，穿过液体冷却器与液泵相连，液泵再与储液箱相连。The cooling fluid cooling unit includes a liquid cooling unit and a gas cooling unit, the cooling fluid cooling unit is controlled by the control unit, the liquid cooling unit includes a cooling fan and cooling fins, and the gas cooling unit includes a cooling liquid cooler, a liquid cooler, and a liquid storage tank And the liquid pump, the liquid cooler is placed under the cooling liquid cooler, the liquid cooler and the cooling liquid cooler are connected through pipes, the cooling fins are placed above the cooling liquid cooling device, the cooling fan is placed above the cooling fins, the liquid storage tank and The coolant desuperheater is connected through pipelines, and there is a pipeline inside the coolant desuperheater. One end of the pipeline is directly connected to the liquid storage tank, and the other end of the pipeline enters the liquid cooler, and then passes through the liquid cooler to connect with the liquid pump. Connected to the reservoir.
散热风扇安装有通风口，散热风扇的几何中心设有旋转轴，且旋转轴与设置在散热风扇外壁上的伺服电机相连；The cooling fan is equipped with a vent, and the geometric center of the cooling fan is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected with a servo motor arranged on the outer wall of the cooling fan;
半导体温差发电单元放置于热源与液体冷却器之间，将半导体温差发电单元的吸热端贴合热源，放热端贴合液体冷却器。半导体温差发电单元将电能储存于蓄电池，蓄电池为冷却流体散热单元和控制单元供电，控制单元通过温度传感器实时监测热源温度，调节散热风扇和液泵转速，并控制蓄电池的电能输出。The semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is placed between the heat source and the liquid cooler, the heat absorbing end of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is attached to the heat source, and the heat release end is attached to the liquid cooler. The semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit stores electric energy in the battery, and the battery supplies power for the cooling fluid cooling unit and the control unit. The control unit monitors the temperature of the heat source in real time through a temperature sensor, adjusts the cooling fan and liquid pump speed, and controls the power output of the battery.
所述冷却液降温器内管道呈S型排布；The pipelines in the coolant cooler are arranged in an S shape;
所述散热翅片材料选取表面颜色为黑色，粗糙度Ra≥25μm的金属。The heat dissipation fin material is selected from metals with black surface color and roughness Ra≥25 μm.
所述半导体温差发电单元通过采用耦合电路进行升压。The semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit boosts the voltage by using a coupling circuit.
所述温度传感器采用DS18B20温度传感器。The temperature sensor adopts DS18B20 temperature sensor.
所述液体冷却器的固体介质中正对管道外壁外侧设置有若干通孔，且通孔直径冷却液通过通孔进行对流换热。The solid medium of the liquid cooler is provided with a number of through holes facing the outside of the outer wall of the pipeline, and the diameter of the through holes is The cooling liquid conducts convective heat exchange through the through holes.
本发明的有益效果在于结构原理简单，利用半导体温差发电将热源产生的热能转换为电能驱动散热装置。为了给散热和控制单元提供平稳的电压，将温差发电产生的电压升压后进行收集存储，以得到平稳的电压输出。采用液相流体与气相流体相结合的散热方式，提高了热交换效率。综合利用半导体温差发电和冷却流体散热，根据热源温度，通过控制器自动调节散热装置的风扇转速和水泵流速，实现高效散热。The beneficial effect of the invention is that the structure principle is simple, and the thermal energy generated by the heat source is converted into electric energy to drive the cooling device by using the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation. In order to provide a stable voltage for the cooling and control unit, the voltage generated by thermoelectric power generation is boosted and then collected and stored to obtain a stable voltage output. The combination of liquid-phase fluid and gas-phase fluid is used for heat dissipation, which improves the heat exchange efficiency. Comprehensive use of semiconductor temperature difference power generation and cooling fluid heat dissipation, according to the temperature of the heat source, the fan speed and water pump flow rate of the heat dissipation device are automatically adjusted through the controller to achieve efficient heat dissipation.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明冷却流体散热单元结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooling fluid cooling unit of the present invention;
图3为本发明冷却液降温器结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the cooling liquid desuperheater of the present invention;
图4为散热风扇上视图；Figure 4 is a top view of the cooling fan;
图5为散热风扇上视图；Figure 5 is a top view of the cooling fan;
图中：1-散热风扇，2-散热翅片，3-冷却液降温器，4-液体冷却器，5-半导体温差发电单元，6-热源，7-蓄电池，8-控制单元，9-温度传感器，10-液泵，11-储液箱，12-S型管。In the figure: 1-cooling fan, 2-radiating fins, 3-coolant cooler, 4-liquid cooler, 5-semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit, 6-heat source, 7-battery, 8-control unit, 9-temperature Sensor, 10-liquid pump, 11-liquid storage tank, 12-S-type pipe.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
一种温差发电驱动冷却流体的热电耦合散热器，包括冷却流体散热单元，半导体温差发电单元，热源，蓄电池，控制单元和温度传感器，控制单元包括控制器和补偿器，半导体温差发电单元位于冷却流体散热单元与热源之间，半导体温差发电单元通过导线依次串联蓄电池、控制器和温度传感器，温度传感器连接在热源上，并将温度传送到控制单元，控制器的连接温度传感器的一端再分别连接在液泵和散热风扇上。A thermoelectric coupling radiator for cooling fluid driven by thermoelectric power generation, including a cooling fluid cooling unit, a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit, a heat source, a storage battery, a control unit and a temperature sensor, the control unit includes a controller and a compensator, and the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is located in the cooling fluid Between the cooling unit and the heat source, the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is connected in series with the battery, the controller and the temperature sensor through wires, the temperature sensor is connected to the heat source, and transmits the temperature to the control unit, and the end of the controller connected to the temperature sensor is connected to the on the liquid pump and cooling fan.
其中冷却流体散热单元包括液体散热单元和气体散热单元，液体散热单元包括散热风扇和散热翅片，气体散热单元包括冷却液降温器、液体冷却器、储液箱和液泵，液体冷却器放置于冷却液降温器下方，液体冷却器与冷却液降温器通过管道相连，散热翅片置于冷却液降温器上方，散热翅片上方为散热风扇，储液箱和冷却液降温器通过管道相连，冷却液降温器内设有管道，管道的一端直接与储液箱相连，管道的另一端进入液体冷却器后，穿过液体冷却器与液泵相连，液泵再与储液箱相连。The cooling fluid cooling unit includes a liquid cooling unit and a gas cooling unit, the liquid cooling unit includes a cooling fan and cooling fins, the gas cooling unit includes a cooling liquid cooler, a liquid cooler, a liquid storage tank and a liquid pump, and the liquid cooler is placed on Below the cooling liquid cooler, the liquid cooler and the cooling liquid cooler are connected through pipes, and the cooling fins are placed above the cooling liquid cooling device. There is a pipeline in the liquid cooler, one end of the pipeline is directly connected to the liquid storage tank, the other end of the pipeline enters the liquid cooler, passes through the liquid cooler and is connected to the liquid pump, and the liquid pump is then connected to the liquid storage tank.
散热风扇安装有通风口，散热风扇的几何中心设有旋转轴，且旋转轴与设置在散热风扇外壁上的伺服电机相连；The cooling fan is equipped with a vent, and the geometric center of the cooling fan is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected with a servo motor arranged on the outer wall of the cooling fan;
所述冷却流体散热单元由液体散热单元和气体散热单元组成，效率受风扇和水泵转速影响；The cooling fluid cooling unit is composed of a liquid cooling unit and a gas cooling unit, and the efficiency is affected by the speed of the fan and the water pump;
所述冷却流体散热单元受控制单元控制；The cooling fluid cooling unit is controlled by a control unit;
所述半导体温差发电单元将电能储存于蓄电池，蓄电池为冷却流体散热单元和控制单元供电，控制单元通过温度传感器实时监测热源温度，，能智能调节散热风扇和液泵转速，并控制蓄电池的电能输出。The semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit stores electric energy in the battery, and the battery supplies power to the cooling fluid cooling unit and the control unit. The control unit monitors the temperature of the heat source in real time through a temperature sensor, intelligently adjusts the speed of the cooling fan and the liquid pump, and controls the power output of the battery. .
所述冷却液降温器内管道呈S型；The pipeline in the cooling liquid cooler is S-shaped;
所述散热翅片材料选取表面颜色为黑色，粗糙度Ra≥25μm的金属。The heat dissipation fin material is selected from metals with black surface color and roughness Ra≥25 μm.
半导体温差发电单元采用夹层结构，即半导体温差发电单元放置于热源与液体冷却器之间，将半导体温差发电单元的吸热端贴合热源，放热端贴合液体冷却器。The semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit adopts a sandwich structure, that is, the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is placed between the heat source and the liquid cooler, and the heat absorption end of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is attached to the heat source, and the heat release end is attached to the liquid cooler.
半导体温差发电单元通过采用耦合电路进行升压。The semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit boosts the voltage by using a coupling circuit.
温度传感器采用DS18B20温度传感器。The temperature sensor adopts DS18B20 temperature sensor.
所述液体冷却器的固体介质中正对管道外壁外侧设置有若干通孔，且通孔直径冷却液通过通孔进行对流换热。In the solid medium of the liquid cooler, several through holes are arranged on the outside of the outer wall of the pipeline, and the diameter of the through holes is The cooling liquid conducts convective heat exchange through the through holes.
如图1-图3所示，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种温差发电驱动冷却流体的热电耦合散热器，包括冷却流体散热单元，冷却流体散热单元由散热风扇、散热翅片、冷却液降温器、液体冷却器、储液箱和液泵组成。液体冷却器与冷却液降温器紧贴放置，并通过管道相连，散热翅片置于冷却液降温器上方，散热风扇置于散热翅片上方。储液箱和冷却液降温器通过管道相连，液泵安置于储液箱上，还包括控制单元，控制单元包括温度检测、控制器、散热驱动和流体散热单元，还包括半导体温差发电单元和蓄电池。半导体温差发电单元位于冷却流体散热单元与热源之间，散热风扇，液泵，蓄电池，控制单元和半导体温差发电单元之间通过导线相连，控制单元和热源之间连接有温度传感器；As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a thermoelectric coupling radiator for thermoelectric power generation to drive cooling fluid, including a cooling fluid cooling unit, the cooling fluid cooling unit consists of a cooling fan, cooling fins, cooling fluid It consists of a cooler, a liquid cooler, a liquid storage tank and a liquid pump. The liquid cooler and the cooling liquid desuperheater are placed close to each other and connected through pipes, the heat dissipation fins are placed above the cooling liquid desuperheater, and the heat dissipation fan is placed above the heat dissipation fins. The liquid storage tank and the coolant cooler are connected through pipelines, and the liquid pump is placed on the liquid storage tank, and also includes a control unit, which includes temperature detection, controller, heat dissipation drive and fluid heat dissipation unit, and also includes a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit and a battery . The semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is located between the cooling fluid cooling unit and the heat source, the cooling fan, the liquid pump, the storage battery, the control unit and the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit are connected by wires, and a temperature sensor is connected between the control unit and the heat source;
所述散热风扇安装有通风口，所述散热风扇本体中心设有旋转轴，且所述旋转轴连接设置在散热风扇外壁上的伺服电机；所述冷却液降温器内装S型散热管道；所述散热单元由液体散热和气体散热组成，效率受风扇和水泵转速影响；所述蓄电池能为散热装置、检测装置和控制器供电。所述散热单元包括液体散热和气体散热，所述液体散热装置位于气体散热装置与半导体温差发电单元之间，所述液体散热装置由冷却降温器、液体冷却器、储液箱和液泵组成，所述气体散热装置由散热风扇和散热翅片组成，所述散热单元受控制单元控制；所述半导体温差发电单元将电能储存于蓄电池；所述蓄电池为冷却流体散热单元和控制单元供电；所述本发明中，控制单元通过温度传感器实时监测热源温度，所述控制单元控制蓄电池电能输出，所述控制单元控制液泵与散热风扇的转速；所述控制单元能实时监测热源温度，能智能调节风扇和水泵转速。The cooling fan is equipped with an air vent, and the center of the cooling fan body is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to a servo motor arranged on the outer wall of the cooling fan; an S-shaped cooling pipe is installed in the cooling liquid cooler; The heat dissipation unit is composed of liquid heat dissipation and gas heat dissipation, and the efficiency is affected by the speed of the fan and the water pump; the storage battery can supply power for the heat dissipation device, the detection device and the controller. The heat dissipation unit includes liquid heat dissipation and gas heat dissipation. The liquid heat dissipation device is located between the gas heat dissipation device and the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit. The liquid heat dissipation device is composed of a cooling desuperheater, a liquid cooler, a liquid storage tank and a liquid pump. The gas heat dissipation device is composed of a heat dissipation fan and heat dissipation fins, and the heat dissipation unit is controlled by a control unit; the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit stores electric energy in a battery; the battery supplies power for the cooling fluid heat dissipation unit and the control unit; In the present invention, the control unit monitors the temperature of the heat source in real time through the temperature sensor, the control unit controls the electric energy output of the battery, the control unit controls the speed of the liquid pump and the cooling fan; the control unit can monitor the temperature of the heat source in real time, and can intelligently adjust the fan and pump speed.
此外，本发明中，冷却液降温器内装有一条S型散热管道。In addition, in the present invention, an S-shaped heat dissipation pipeline is installed in the cooling liquid desuperheater.
本发明的散热器工作时，热源温度较高，冷却流体散热单元温度较低，半导体温差发电单元产生的电压进行升压变换后对蓄电池充电，将蓄电池的输出与散热器的驱动连接，当蓄电池的输出电压没有达到散热器的驱动电压时使用外部供电，当电能收集存储单元充电达到驱动电压时，自动切换供电方式。蓄电池为散热风扇、液泵和控制单元供电，控制单元通温度传感器实时监测热源温度，不断调节散热装置散热；散热装置由液体散热和气体散热结合，其散热效率由散热风扇和水泵的转速影响。当热源温度升高时，提高风扇和水泵转速，加快热源热量传递，降低热源温度；当温度降至预定值时，减小风扇和水泵转速，保持热源温度。实现了利用热源温度发电，动态调节风扇转速和水泵转速，使热源温度处于较低温度，节约能源，又达到了高效地对热源散热的目的。When the radiator of the present invention is in operation, the temperature of the heat source is relatively high, and the temperature of the cooling fluid cooling unit is relatively low. The voltage generated by the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is boosted and transformed to charge the storage battery, and the output of the storage battery is connected to the drive of the radiator. When the storage battery When the output voltage of the radiator does not reach the driving voltage of the radiator, the external power supply is used, and when the charging of the electric energy storage unit reaches the driving voltage, the power supply mode is automatically switched. The battery supplies power for the cooling fan, liquid pump and control unit. The control unit monitors the temperature of the heat source in real time through a temperature sensor, and continuously adjusts the cooling device to dissipate heat. The cooling device is a combination of liquid cooling and gas cooling, and its cooling efficiency is affected by the speed of the cooling fan and water pump. When the temperature of the heat source rises, the speed of the fan and the water pump is increased to speed up the heat transfer of the heat source and reduce the temperature of the heat source; when the temperature drops to a predetermined value, the speed of the fan and the water pump is reduced to maintain the temperature of the heat source. Realize the use of heat source temperature to generate electricity, dynamically adjust the fan speed and water pump speed, keep the heat source temperature at a lower temperature, save energy, and achieve the purpose of efficiently dissipating heat from the heat source.
综上所述，本发明结构原理简单，能够实现快速散热、散热效率高，并且能够实现能量的合理利用。To sum up, the present invention has a simple structure and principle, can realize rapid heat dissipation, high heat dissipation efficiency, and can realize rational utilization of energy.
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