CN108457384B - A kind of three-dimensional isolation/vibration support of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of band - Google Patents

A kind of three-dimensional isolation/vibration support of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of band Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108457384B
CN108457384B CN201810049553.4A CN201810049553A CN108457384B CN 108457384 B CN108457384 B CN 108457384B CN 201810049553 A CN201810049553 A CN 201810049553A CN 108457384 B CN108457384 B CN 108457384B
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compressed spring
plate
vibration
support
spring
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CN108457384A (en
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周颖
陈鹏
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/36Bearings or like supports allowing movement
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • E04H9/022Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising laminated structures of alternating elastomeric and rigid layers

Abstract

The present invention is a kind of three-dimensional isolation/vibration support of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of band, and major part includes upper junction plate, middle makees plate, lower connecting plate, disk spring, compressed spring, pre-compressed spring, lamination lead core rubber support and fluid linking damper.Upper junction plate, middle plate and the lower connecting plate made are made of high strength low-carbon steel, bearing capacity with higher.Upper junction plate and in be mutually twisted as plate, play the role of motion guide.Disk spring, compressed spring, pre-compressed spring, lamination lead core rubber support and fluid linking damper collectively constitute vertical earthquake isolating/vibrating system.Lamination lead core rubber support, pre-compressed spring and fluid linking damper form horizontal direction shock insulation/vibrating system.The invention belongs to a kind of passively adaptivity vibration control means, can be used for being built by influence of ambient vibration, and can have the effect of isolation earthquake motion while isolation environment vibration.

Description

A kind of three-dimensional isolation/vibration support of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of band
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three-dimensional isolation of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of band/vibration supports, belong to building structure shock insulation/vibration neck Domain.
Background technique
Base Isolation Technology is counted as one of most important technological progress in 20th century earthquake engineering field, in world wide Inside have obtained relatively broad application.The basic principle of seismic isolation technology is to obtain water by the way that shock isolating pedestal is arranged in construction bottom The flat lesser Seismic Isolation of Isolation Layer of rigidity reduces the response of superstructure seismic acceleration by filter effect.And by being arranged in Seismic Isolation of Isolation Layer Energy-consuming device absorbs consumption earthquake energy.Modern seismic isolation technology has nearly 60 years history, belongs to a kind of passively vibration control Technology processed.
However, there are deficiencies below for existing traditional architecture shock isolating pedestal at present: first is that vertical seismic action/vibration cannot be isolated Dynamic and horizontal direction micro-vibration.A large amount of earthquake observations and finite element analysis show that Vertical Earthquake Loads can cause structure vertically to be held Press component compression damage.With Urban Rail Transit Development, the ambient vibrations such as subway, the especially vertical component of micro-vibration can be right The residence comfort of people generates more serious influence.Second is that traditional shock isolating pedestal in the horizontal direction there is obtain compared with The contradiction of good isolating affection and control Seismic Isolation of Isolation Layer extreme displacement.Usually, the smaller Seismic Isolation of Isolation Layer of horizontal rigidity is set, can be taken Obtain better isolating affection.But meanwhile too small horizontal rigidity will lead to excessive Seismic Isolation of Isolation Layer displacement, act on flowering structure in big shake Safety be difficult to ensure.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of adaptive stiffness characteristics of band it is three-dimensional every Shake/vibration support to vertical seismic action and environment micro-vibration and horizontally vibration etc. can have good shock insulation/vibration effect.
A kind of three-dimensional isolation/vibration support of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of band proposed by the present invention, including upper junction plate 1, middle work Plate 2, lower connecting plate 3, disk spring 4, compressed spring 5, lamination lead core rubber support 6, pre-compressed spring 7 and fluid linking damper 8, In: lamination lead core rubber support 6 be located at lower connecting plate 3 and in make between plate 2, it is middle to make to be provided with the first groove, compressed spring on plate 2 2 first groove position of plate is made in protruding into 5 one end, and disk spring 4 is placed on outside compressed spring 5, disk spring 4 be placed in make plate 2 Top, 1 bottom of upper junction plate are provided with the second groove, and 5 other end of compressed spring protrudes into 1 second groove of upper junction plate, middle to make plate 2 Two sides have been arranged symmetrically fluid linking damper 8, and the both ends of fluid linking damper 8 pass through spherical hinge 9 respectively and are fixed on 1 bottom of upper junction plate With 3 top of lower connecting plate, pre-compressed spring 7 is placed on outside fluid linking damper 8, and pre-compressed spring 7 can be realized upper junction plate 1 and lower connection Bi-directional horizontal movement between plate 3;It is provided with lead for retractable pencil in the middle part of lamination lead core rubber support 6, can dissipate horizontal movement and perpendicular simultaneously To the energy of movement;Vertical in three-dimensional isolation/vibration support, disk spring 4 and compressed spring 5 are in parallel, when operating, disk spring 4 provide vertical negative stiffness, and compressed spring 5 provides positive rigidity, system can be made vertically to be in zero stiffness after the two superposition;Three Shock insulation/vibration support horizontal direction is tieed up, lamination lead core rubber support 6 and pre-compressed spring 7 are in parallel, three-dimensional isolation/vibration support horizontal direction fortune When dynamic smaller, horizontal negative stiffness can be provided, for system to reduce the horizontal rigidity of system;When three-dimensional isolation/vibration support displacement compared with When big, pre-compressed spring 7 provides positive rigidity, the horizontal direction shock insulation/vibrating system by being pre-designed the decrement of pre-compressed spring 7, So that horizontal direction shock insulation/vibrating system has adaptive stiffness characteristics relevant to horizontal displacement.
In the present invention, fluid linking damper 8 and lead for retractable pencil can be simultaneously the vertical and horizontal direction movement consumption energy of support.
In the present invention, upper junction plate 1 and in make plate 2 and be mutually twisted, realize motion guide design.
In the present invention, in static and motion state, disk spring 4, compressed spring 5 and pre-compressed spring 7 are held support jointly Carry superstructure.
In the present invention, 7 both ends of pre-compressed spring are welded to connect with 9 ends of spherical shape hinge respectively, and pre-compressed spring 7 can tension.
In the present invention, upper junction plate and the middle relative horizontal displacement made between plate and corner are locked, are only capable of generating vertical Displacement, the decoupling for moving support vertical motion and horizontal direction.Realize the purpose of mobile decoupling first is that vertical earthquake isolating/vibration system can be made System and horizontal direction shock insulation/relatively independent work of vibrating system, second is that make support under geological process, on make plate and in make not having between plate There is relative level to displacement and corner, avoids the effect of waving that support is excessive.
It is vertical in support in the present invention, it is carried, is had higher by Hookean spring (compressed spring 5) and disk spring 4 are in parallel Vertical bearing capacity.When support is installed to shock insulation/vibration layer, for disk spring 4 close to flattening, support 6 is in running order.At this point, Disk spring 4 provides vertical negative stiffness, and Hookean spring provides positive rigidity, system can be made vertically to be in zero stiffness after the two superposition State.System in vertical zero stiffness state being capable of efficiently separating building ambient vibration and vertical seismic action.
It is in parallel by lamination lead core rubber support 6 and Hookean spring (pre-compressed spring 7) in support horizontal direction in the present invention.By Precompression in spring exists, and when the movement of support horizontal direction is smaller, horizontal negative stiffness can be provided for system and reduces system Horizontal rigidity is conducive to obtain good shock insulation/vibration effect;When shock insulation/vibration layer displacement is larger, compressed spring provides horizontal just rigid Degree, system stiffness is larger at this time is conducive to control shock insulation/vibration structural limits state bottom offset.
In the present invention, fluid linking damper 8 is arranged vertically, connects upper and lower connecting plate, and can dissipate horizontal movement and perpendicular simultaneously To the energy of movement.
In the present invention, fluid linking damper 8 is placed among pre-compressed spring 7, prevents 7 unstability of pre-compressed spring.
The principle of the present invention are as follows:
The present invention is adaptive by being arranged on the basis of lamination lead rubber laminated bearing (this already belongs to the prior art) Stiffness means solve the deficiency of traditional shock isolating pedestal.Adaptive rigidity refer to system rigidity can with the displacement of system and Variation is generated, a kind of passively non-linear attributes are belonged to.The rigidity adaptive of support specifically refers to smaller when being displaced in the present invention When, support provides smaller rigidity;When being displaced larger, support provides greater stiffness.
It is vertical in support, by disk spring 4 in parallel and Hookean spring (compressed spring 5), obtain with rigidity adaptive Quasi- zero stiffness shock insulation/vibration body system of property.Quasi- zero stiffness system refers to the system in system balancing position stiffness close to zero.Standard zero is just Spend shock insulation/vibrating system be a kind of strong linear Stiffness shock insulation/vibrating system, can well solve normal linear vibrating isolation system every The contradiction of shake/between vibration initial frequency and bearing capacity.Meanwhile quasi- zero stiffness shock insulation/vibration body system be it is a kind of passively it is non-linear every Shake/vibrating system does not need extraneous offer energy, can also obtain lower static rigidity by regulating system parameter appropriate With higher dynamic rate, thus on the basis of guaranteeing bearing capacity have good low frequency shock insulation/vibration performance, for subway etc. Ambient vibration and earthquake motion vertical component have preferable shock insulation/vibration effect.Simultaneously because its provided in big displacement state it is larger Rigidity, therefore displacement that can well under control limit state.
It is obtained adaptive with rigidity in support horizontal direction by lamination lead core rubber support 6 in parallel and pre-compressed spring 7 The shock insulation of answering property/vibration body system.Lamination lead core rubber support 6 provides horizontal direction linear rigidity while vertical pressure-bearing, when shock insulation/ Shake layer displacement it is smaller when, compressed spring 5 provides horizontal negative stiffness for system, at this time system stiffness it is smaller be conducive to obtain it is good Shock insulation/vibration effect;When shock insulation/vibration layer displacement is larger, compressed spring 5 provides horizontal positive rigidity, and system stiffness is larger at this time has Conducive to control shock insulation/vibration structural limits state bottom offset.
In the present invention, disk spring in vertical earthquake isolating/vibrating system, Hookean spring etc. and horizontal direction shock insulation/vibrating system In lamination lead core rubber support and pre-compressed spring etc. size and performance parameter, can be according to Practical Project situation and different Earthquake fortification level and vibration control demand are designed.There are stronger flexibility and future in engineering applications.
The three-dimensional isolation of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of novel belt/vibration support and traditional shock isolating pedestal (such as rubber earthquake isolation support, Friction-pendulum shock-insulation support etc.) it compares, the invention has the advantages that
(1) vertical earthquake isolating/vibrating system has the characteristic of quasi- zero stiffness with adaptive stiffness characteristics and in equilbrium position, The effect of good isolation environment vibration and vertical seismic motion can be played.
(2) horizontal direction shock insulation/vibrating system, has adaptive stiffness characteristics, and energy level of isolation ambient vibration simultaneously provides more Safety under superior horizontal seismic isolation effect and the big shake effect of guarantee.
(3) fluid linking damper and lead for retractable pencil can consume inputting seismic energy.
The three-dimensional isolation of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of novel belt/vibration support and conventional building construction vibration isolation measure (such as thick meat Vibration isolating suspension, vibration isolation ditch etc.) it compares, the invention has the advantages that
(1) three-dimensional ambient vibration can be more effectively isolated in vertical and horizontal direction in the present invention.Specific manifestation are as follows: when System is acted in equilbrium position by micro-vibration, is displaced smaller.Due to adaptive stiffness characteristics, system stiffness at this time is smaller, System frequency is smaller or even close to zero, to have lower vibration isolation initial frequency.It is substantially superior to traditional linear Vibration isolation measure.
(2) present invention has higher safety when meeting with judder effect (such as violent earthquake, vehicular impact etc.). Specific manifestation are as follows: when system compared with strong vibration by acting on, displacement is larger.Due to adaptive stiffness characteristics, system stiffness at this time It is larger, can limiting structure there is over-large displacement.
(3) fluid linking damper and lead for retractable pencil can consume vibration input energy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the sectional view that the present invention is in original state;
Fig. 2 is three-dimensional installation diagram of the invention;
Fig. 3 is installation and shock insulation/vibration layer schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 4 is fluid linking damper organigram;
Fig. 5 is lamination lead core rubber support organigram;
Figure label: 1 upper junction plate makees plate, 3 lower connecting plates, 4 disk springs, 5 compressed springs, 6 lamination lead in 2 Core rubber support, 7 pre-compressed springs, 8 fluid linking dampers, 9 spherical shapes are cut with scissors, built-in fitting on 10,11 lower built-in fittings, and 12 shock insulations/ Shake styletable on layer, styletable under 13 shock insulations/vibration layer, 14 guide rods, 15 pistons, 16 damping holes, 17 resisting mediums, 18 lamination lead Core rubber support upper sealing plate, 19 lead for retractable pencils, sealing plate under 20 lamination lead core rubber supports, 21 rubber layers, 22 steel plate layers, 23 rubbers Compound protective layer.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described for illustrated embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1:
Shown in Fig. 1, the present invention by upper junction plate 1, middle make plate 2, lower connecting plate 3, disk spring 4, compressed spring 5, lamination Lead core rubber support 6,9 composition of pre-compressed spring 7, fluid linking damper 8 and spherical hinge.Lamination lead core rubber support 6 and disk spring 4 It is pressurized with the Cascade System that compressed spring 5 forms;Fluid linking damper 8 is placed among pre-compressed spring 7;Fluid linking damper 8 and pre- 7 upper and lower ends of pressing spring are two-way hinged with upper junction plate 1 and lower connecting plate 3 respectively using spherical hinge.
Upper junction plate 1 is made plate 2 in and is mutually twisted, and can only realize relative vertical motion.
Top shock insulation/vibration structure gravity is conducted by upper junction plate 1, by disk spring 4, compressed spring 5 and precompressed bullet 7 shared of spring, fluid linking damper 8 do not stress when static.Compressed spring 5 and upper junction plate 1 and in make plate 2, pre-compressed spring It is welded to connect with 9 ends of spherical shape hinge, pre-compressed spring can tension.Fluid linking damper 8, which is placed in pre-compressed spring 7, prevents spring unstability, And it is welded to connect with 9 ends of spherical shape hinge.9 are cut with scissors by the combination of pre-compressed spring 7 and fluid linking damper 8 and upper junction plate 1 using spherical shape It is realized with lower connecting plate 3 two-way hinged.It is close by built-in bolt that lamination lead core rubber support 6 makees plate 2 and lower connecting plate 3 in Connection.
Fig. 2 is three-dimensional installation diagram of the invention, illustrates the correlation between each component.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is installed on shock insulation/vibration layer organigram.Upper built-in fitting 10 and lower built-in fitting 11 pass through respectively The mode poured is embedded on shock insulation/vibration layer styletable under styletable 12 and shock insulation/vibration layer.By bearing capacity deformation design, at this time Disk spring 4, which is in, to be flattened near position.Compressed spring 5 and pre-compressed spring 7 are in artesian condition.
Fig. 4 is fluid linking damper construction signal.Guide rod 14 is fastenedly connected with piston 15, and band piston 15 is situated between in viscous damping It is moved in matter 17, plays the role of energy consumption.
Fig. 5 is lamination lead core rubber support organigram.Upper sealing plate 18 and lower sealing plate 20 play support and other components Connection function.Rubber protective layer 23 plays isolation support body (lead for retractable pencil 19, rubber layer 21 and steel plate layer 22) and external environment Effect, enhance support durability.
It is representative instance of the invention above, implementation of the invention is without being limited thereto.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of three-dimensional isolation/vibration support of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of band, including upper junction plate (1), middle make plate (2), lower connection Plate (3), disk spring (4), compressed spring (5), lamination lead core rubber support (6), pre-compressed spring (7) and fluid linking damper (8), It is characterized by: lamination lead core rubber support (6) is located between lower connecting plate (3) He Zhongzuo plate (2), it is middle to make to be provided on plate (2) First groove, compressed spring (5) one end protrude into make (2) first groove position of plate, disk spring (4) is placed on compressed spring (5) Outside, disk spring (4) be placed directly in make above plate (2), upper junction plate (1) bottom is provided with the second groove, compressed spring (5) The other end protrudes into (1) second groove of upper junction plate, and middle plate (2) two sides of making have been arranged symmetrically fluid linking damper (8), viscous damping The both ends of device (8) pass through spherical hinge (9) respectively and are fixed at the top of upper junction plate (1) bottom and lower connecting plate (3), pre-compressed spring (7) it is placed on fluid linking damper (8) outside, pre-compressed spring (7) can be realized two-way between upper junction plate (1) and lower connecting plate (3) Horizontal movement;It is provided with lead for retractable pencil in the middle part of lamination lead core rubber support (6), the energy of can dissipate simultaneously horizontal movement and vertical motion Amount;Vertical in three-dimensional isolation/vibration support, disk spring (4) and compressed spring (5) are in parallel, and when operating, disk spring (4) mentions For vertical negative stiffness, compressed spring (5) provides positive rigidity, system can be made vertically to be in zero stiffness after the two superposition;Three Shock insulation/vibration support horizontal direction is tieed up, lamination lead core rubber support (6) and pre-compressed spring (7) are in parallel, and three-dimensional isolation/vibration support is horizontal To when moving smaller, horizontal negative stiffness can be provided for horizontal direction shock insulation/vibrating system, to reduce the horizontal rigidity of system;Work as three-dimensional When shock insulation/vibration support displacement is larger, pre-compressed spring (7) provides horizontal positive rigidity, and the horizontal direction shock insulation/vibrating system passes through preparatory The decrement of pre-compressed spring (7) is designed, so that horizontal direction shock insulation/vibrating system has adaptive rigidity relevant to horizontal displacement special Property.
2. three-dimensional isolation/vibration support of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of band according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: viscid resistance Buddhist nun's device (8) and lead for retractable pencil can be simultaneously the vertical and horizontal direction movement consumption energy of support.
3. three-dimensional isolation/vibration support of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of band according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: upper connection Plate (1) He Zhongzuo plate (2) is mutually twisted, and realizes motion guide design.
4. three-dimensional isolation/vibration support of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of band according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: precompressed bullet Spring (7) both ends are welded to connect with spherical shape hinge (9) end respectively, and pre-compressed spring (7) can tension.
CN201810049553.4A 2018-01-18 2018-01-18 A kind of three-dimensional isolation/vibration support of the adaptive stiffness characteristics of band Active CN108457384B (en)

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