CN108422145B - Large-scale adjustable frame structure welding fixture - Google Patents

Large-scale adjustable frame structure welding fixture Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108422145B
CN108422145B CN201810355536.3A CN201810355536A CN108422145B CN 108422145 B CN108422145 B CN 108422145B CN 201810355536 A CN201810355536 A CN 201810355536A CN 108422145 B CN108422145 B CN 108422145B
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China
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positioning
guide rail
fixing device
pressing
quick
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CN108422145A (en
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王殿君
刘立恒
赵杰
陈亚
邵湛惟
李欢欢
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Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/0426Fixtures for other work
    • B23K37/0435Clamps
    • B23K37/0443Jigs

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-scale adjustable frame structure welding fixture which comprises a fixture base, a quick-change structure, a fixing unit, a pressing unit, a positioning unit and a workpiece, wherein the base is composed of a square frame and a guide rail, the quick-change structure is composed of a quick-change connector, a connecting plate and reinforcing ribs, the fixing unit is composed of a cross beam fixing unit and a longitudinal beam fixing unit, the pressing unit comprises an air cylinder and a replaceable pressing block, the positioning unit is composed of a positioning plate and a sliding base, and the workpiece comprises a cross beam and a longitudinal beam. This large-scale adjustable frame construction welding jig combines the weldment work station's that uses now welding jig to carry out the innovative design in the structure, uses the upset machine of shifting to realize load 1500 kg. The quick change mechanism can enable different fixtures to be disassembled and assembled on the turnover positioner, so that the fixtures are more convenient to assemble and replace.

Description

Large-scale adjustable frame structure welding fixture
Technical Field
The invention relates to a welding fixture of an automatic robot welding workstation, in particular to a large-scale adjustable frame structure welding fixture.
Background
The welding has wide application in industrial production, is called as a tailor in industrial manufacturing, and is widely applied to industries of automobiles, ship manufacturing, aerospace, petrochemical industry, mechanical manufacturing, energy power and the like. The appearance defects of burrs, slag inclusion and the like and the manufacturing defects of welding looseness, air holes, cracks and the like exist in the conventional welding products, the manufacturing problems are solved, and the basic method is to prevent the misoperation of welding workers in the production process. Due to labor shortages, unstable manual operations, and reduced cost of automated equipment such as welding robots, manufacturing enterprises have considered automated welding workstations and automated production lines as economic options for increasing enterprise profits and competitiveness. The prior art generally adopts this part of manual welding, and its is efficient, and the potential safety hazard is big, and intensity of labour is big.
However, the existing clamp welding workstation has some defects, for example, chinese patent document No. 201510783553.3 discloses a hydraulic clamp of a welding robot workstation, which is simple in structure, safe and reliable, can also realize workpiece turnover, and is convenient and fast to use. But the capacity of adapting to workpieces is limited, the clamping of various workpieces with different sizes cannot be met, and the clamp has limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-scale adjustable frame structure welding clamp.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the large adjustable frame structure welding fixture comprises a fixture base 1, a quick-change structure 2, a fixing unit 3, a pressing unit 4, a positioning unit 5, a workpiece 6 and a positioner 7;
the workpiece 6 comprises an upper cross beam 6-1, a lower cross beam 6-2, a left longitudinal beam 6-3 and a right longitudinal beam 6-4, and the fixed unit 3, the positioning unit 4 and the pressing unit 5 jointly act to fix the workpiece on the fixture body, wherein the freedom degrees of the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 in the vertical direction are realized by pressing the upper cross beam 6-1 and the lower cross beam 6-2, and the freedom degrees of the upper cross beam 6-1 and the lower cross beam 6-2 in the left and right directions are realized by pressing the positioning unit 5;
the fixing unit 3 is composed of an upper fixing device 3-1, a lower fixing device 3-2, a left fixing device 3-3 and a right fixing device 3-4. The upper fixing device 3-1 and the lower fixing device 3-2 are respectively composed of a fixed cross beam 3-1-1, an adjustable spring plunger clamping device 3-1-2, a compression screw 3-1-3 and a sliding head 3-1-4, and the sliding head 3-1-4 is arranged in a guide rail groove 1-5. The left fixing device 3-3 and the right fixing device 3-4 are respectively composed of a fixed longitudinal beam 3-3-1, a sliding groove 3-3-2, an adjustable spring plunger clamping device 3-1-2 and a compression screw 3-1-3, and the sliding groove 3-3-2 is arranged on the guide rail 1-2. The upper fixing device 3-1 and the lower fixing device 3-2 are used for fixing an upper cross beam 6-1 and a lower cross beam 6-2 in the workpiece 6 respectively, so that the upper cross beam 6-1 and the lower cross beam 6-2 slide along with the upper fixing device 3-1 and the lower fixing device 3-2. The left fixing device 3-3 and the right fixing device 3-4 are respectively used for fixing the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 in the workpiece 6, so that the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 slide along with the left fixing device 3-3 and the right fixing device 3-4. The specific fixing mode of the upper cross beam 6-1, the lower cross beam 6-2, the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 on the upper fixing device 3-1, the lower fixing device 3-2, the left fixing device 3-3 and the right fixing device 3-4 is that the upper cross beam, the lower cross beam, the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam are fixed through the adjustable spring plunger clamping device 3-1-2. The adjustable spring plunger clamping device 3-1-2 can be suitable for fixing the upper cross beam 6-1, the lower cross beam 6-2, the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 which are different in shape and size;
the clamp base 1 is composed of a square frame 1-1, guide rails 1-2, connecting beams 1-3 and guide rail supporting beams 1-4, wherein guide rail grooves 1-5 are formed in one side of the square frame 1-1, the guide rails 1-2 are welded to the guide rail supporting beams 1-4 in a welding mode, and the connecting beams 1-3 are welded to the square frame 1-1. The guide rail 1-2 is used for bearing the left fixing unit 3-3, the right fixing unit 3-4, the left positioning device 5-1 and the right positioning device 5-2 to slide on the guide rail, and the guide rail 1-2 is made of cast iron or steel to improve the wear resistance. The lower side convex part 1-5-1 of the guide rail groove 1-5 is used for positioning the fixed beam 3-1-1, the specific positioning method is realized by pressing a compression screw 3-1-3 against the lower side convex part 1-5-1, and a stop block 1-5-2 is arranged in the guide rail groove 1-5 to prevent the upper fixing device 3-1 from falling off caused by the looseness of the compression screw 3-1-3;
the quick-change structure 2 mainly comprises a clamp quick-change connector 2-1, a positioner quick-change connector 2-2 and a connecting bolt 2-3, and can realize quick connection of different clamp bodies and a positioner 7, so that inconvenience caused by replacement of the clamp is greatly reduced. The fixture quick-change connector 2-1 is welded on the outer side of a square frame 1-1 of a fixture base 1, two ends of the fixture quick-change connector are respectively distributed, the quick-change connector 2-2 of the positioner is self-carried by the positioner, and the two quick-change connectors are connected through a connecting bolt 2-3, so that the fixture body is more convenient to replace, and other devices on a workstation can be prevented from being changed when the fixture body is replaced;
the pressing unit 4 comprises an upper right pressing device 4-1, an upper left pressing device 4-2, a left upper pressing device 4-3 and a left lower pressing device 4-4, wherein the four pressing devices are respectively composed of an air cylinder 4-1-1 and a pressing block 4-1-2, and the air cylinder 4-1-1 and the pressing block 4-1-2 can be replaced for adapting to workpieces with different sizes. The upper right pressing device 4-1 and the upper left pressing device 4-2 are connected through bolts and fixed on the connecting beam 1-3, and the distance between the two pressing devices can be installed on the connecting beam 1-3 through punching according to actual conditions. The upper left pressing device 4-3 and the lower left pressing device 4-4 are fixedly connected to the left square frame 1-1 through bolts;
the positioning unit 5 is composed of a left positioning device 5-1 and a right positioning device 5-2, the two positioning devices are identical in structure and composed of a small positioning block 5-1-1, a positioning beam 5-1-2, a large positioning block 5-1-3, a sliding groove 3-1-2 and a compression screw 3-1-3, wherein the sliding groove 3-1-2 is installed on the guide rail 1-2, so that the left positioning device 5-1 and the right positioning device 5-2 slide along with the sliding groove 3-1-2 on the guide rail 1-2, and the left positioning device 5-1 and the right positioning device 5-2 are positioned on the guide rail 1-2 by rotating the compression screw 3-1-3.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the large-scale adjustable frame structure welding clamp provided by the embodiment of the invention can meet the clamping requirements of various different workpieces, is rapid and convenient to clamp, and has strong workpiece adaptability, proper cost and high practical application value. The problems that errors caused by improper manual welding operation are caused, and the existing clamp cannot well adapt to the size of the workpiece are solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram (top view) of a large adjustable frame structure welding fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 and 3 are respectively a schematic structural view (axonometric view) of the clamp base 1 and a partially enlarged view (axonometric view) of the guide rail groove 1-5;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view (axonometric view) of the quick-change structure 2 of the present invention
Fig. 5, 6 and 7 are respectively a schematic structural view (top view) of the fixing unit 3, a schematic structural view (axonometric view) of the upper fixing device 3-1 and a schematic structural view (axonometric view) of the left fixing device 3-3 of the invention;
fig. 8 and 9 are a schematic structural view (top view) of the pressing unit 4 and a schematic structural view (perspective view) of the upper left pressing device 4-1 of the present invention, respectively;
fig. 10 and fig. 11 are respectively a schematic structural view (top view) of the positioning unit 5 and a schematic structural view (axonometric view) of the left positioning unit 5-1 of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view (isometric view) of a workpiece 6 according to the invention;
fig. 13 is an overall structural view (isometric view) of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below. Details which are not described in detail in the embodiments of the invention belong to the prior art which is known to the person skilled in the art.
The preferred embodiment of the welding fixture for large adjustable frame structure of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 to 13:
the fixture comprises a fixture base 1, a quick-change structure 2, a fixing unit 3, a pressing unit 4, a positioning unit 5, a workpiece 6 and a positioner 7;
the workpiece 6 comprises an upper cross beam 6-1, a lower cross beam 6-2, a left longitudinal beam 6-3 and a right longitudinal beam 6-4, and the fixed unit 3, the positioning unit 4 and the pressing unit 5 jointly act to fix the workpiece on the fixture body, wherein the freedom degrees of the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 in the vertical direction are realized by pressing the upper cross beam 6-1 and the lower cross beam 6-2, and the freedom degrees of the upper cross beam 6-1 and the lower cross beam 6-2 in the horizontal direction are realized by pressing the positioning unit 5;
the fixing unit 3 comprises an upper fixing device 3-1, a lower fixing device 3-2, a left fixing device 3-3 and a right fixing device 3-4, the upper fixing device 3-1 and the lower fixing device 3-2 are respectively composed of a fixing cross beam 3-1-1, an adjustable spring plunger clamping device 3-1-2, a compression screw 3-1-3 and a sliding head 3-1-4, and the sliding head 3-1-4 is arranged in a guide rail groove 1-5. The left fixing device 3-3 and the right fixing device 3-4 are composed of a fixed longitudinal beam 3-3-1, a sliding groove 3-3-2, an adjustable spring plunger clamping device 3-1-2 and a compression screw 3-1-3, the sliding groove 3-3-2 is installed on a guide rail 1-2, the upper fixing device 3-1 and the lower fixing device 3-2 are respectively used for fixing an upper cross beam 6-1 and a lower cross beam 6-2 in a workpiece 6, and the upper cross beam 6-1 and the lower cross beam 6-2 can slide along with the upper fixing device 3-1 and the lower fixing device 3-2. The left fixing device 3-3 and the right fixing device 3-4 are respectively used for fixing the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 in the workpiece 6, so that the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 slide along with the left fixing device 3-3 and the right fixing device 3-4. The specific fixing mode of the upper cross beam 6-1, the lower cross beam 6-2, the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 on the upper fixing device 3-1, the lower fixing device 3-2, the left fixing device 3-3 and the right fixing device 3-4 is that the upper cross beam, the lower cross beam, the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam are fixed through the adjustable spring plunger clamping device 3-1-2. The adjustable spring plunger clamping device 3-1-2 can be suitable for fixing the upper cross beam 6-1, the lower cross beam 6-2, the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 which are different in shape and size;
the clamp base 1 comprises a square frame 1-1, guide rails 1-2, connecting beams 1-3 and guide rail supporting beams 1-4, wherein one side of the square frame 1-1 is provided with guide rail grooves 1-5, the guide rails 1-2 are welded on the guide rail supporting beams 1-4 in a welding mode, and the connecting beams 1-3 are welded on the square frame 1-1. The guide rail 1-2 is used for bearing the left fixing unit 3-3, the right fixing unit 3-4, the left positioning device 5-1 and the right positioning device 5-2 to slide on the guide rail, and the guide rail 1-2 is made of cast iron or steel to improve the wear resistance. The lower side convex part 1-5-1 of the guide rail groove 1-5 is used for positioning the fixed beam 3-1-1, the specific positioning method is realized by pressing a compression screw 3-1-3 against the lower side convex part 1-5-1, and a stop block 1-5-2 is arranged in the guide rail groove 1-5 to prevent the upper fixing device 3-1 from falling off caused by the looseness of the compression screw 3-1-3;
the quick-change structure 2 comprises a clamp quick-change connector 2-1, a positioner quick-change connector 2-2 and a connecting bolt 2-3, wherein the clamp quick-change connector 2-1 is fastened with the positioner quick-change connector 2-2 on the overturning positioner 7 through the connecting bolt 2-3;
the pressing unit 4 comprises an upper right pressing device 4-1, an upper left pressing device 4-2, an upper left pressing device 4-3 and a lower left pressing device 4-4, wherein the four pressing devices are respectively composed of an air cylinder 4-1-1 and a pressing block 4-1-2;
the positioning unit 5 comprises a left positioning device 5-1 and a right positioning device 5-2, the two positioning devices are identical in structure and are composed of a small positioning block 5-1-1, a positioning beam 5-1-2, a large positioning block 5-1-3, a sliding groove 3-1-2 and a compression screw 3-1-3, and the sliding groove 3-1-2 is installed on the guide rail 1-2, so that the left positioning device 5-1 and the right positioning device 5-2 slide along with the sliding of the sliding groove 3-1-2 on the guide rail 1-2.
The lower fixing device 3-2, the left fixing device 3-3 and the 3-4 right fixing device 3-4 are fixed through compression screws 3-1-3, and the upper fixing device 3-1 is pushed together through the upper right compression device 4-1 and the upper left compression device 4-2 to enable the upper cross beam 6-1 to be in contact with the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 to achieve compression.
The right positioning device 5-2 is fixed through a compression screw 3-1-3, and the left positioning device 5-1 is pushed by the upper left compression device 4-3 and the lower left compression device 4-4 together to enable the small positioning block 5-1-1 and the large positioning block 5-1-3 to be in contact with the upper cross beam 6-1 and the lower cross beam 6-2 respectively to achieve compression.
The adjustable guide rail type clamping device has the advantages that the clamp body is innovatively designed in an adjustable guide rail mode, the clamping of various different workpieces can be met, the clamping is rapid and convenient, the workpiece adapting capacity is strong, the cost is appropriate, and the practical application value is high. The problems that errors caused by improper manual welding operation are caused, and the existing clamp cannot well adapt to the size of the workpiece are solved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: this novel bed utensil welding jig rotation mechanism adopts the mode that anchor clamps replace artifical fixed bedstead, has solved manual operation's unstability, inefficiency, and the potential safety hazard is big, the big scheduling problem of intensity of labour. The large-scale frame structure welding fixture adopts a pneumatic compression mode, ensures the accurate positioning of workpieces, reduces errors in the welding process of each structure of the workpieces, solves the problem of adapting to workpieces with different sizes by adopting the sliding guide rail type framework, and improves the production efficiency.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 13, the clamp comprises a clamp base 1, a quick-change structure 2, a fixing unit 3, a pressing unit 4, a positioning unit 5, a workpiece 6 and a turnover positioner 7, wherein the clamp base 1 (fig. 2) comprises a square frame 1-1, a guide rail 1-2, a connecting beam 1-3 and a guide rail supporting beam 1-4, the quick-change structure 2 (fig. 4) comprises a clamp quick-change connector 2-1, a turnover positioner quick-change connector 2-2 and a connecting bolt 2-3, the fixing unit 3 (fig. 5) comprises an upper fixing device 3-1, a lower fixing device 3-2, a left fixing device 3-3 and a right fixing device 3-4, the pressing unit 4 (fig. 8) comprises an upper right pressing device 4-1, an upper left pressing device 4-2, an upper left pressing device 4-3 and a lower left pressing device 4-4, the positioning unit 5 (figure 10) is composed of a left positioning device 5-1 and a right positioning device 5-2, and the workpiece 6 (figure 12) is composed of an upper cross beam 6-1, a lower cross beam 6-2, a left longitudinal beam 6-3 and a right longitudinal beam 6-4.
Fig. 2 and 3 are respectively a schematic structural diagram of a clamp base 1 and a partially enlarged view of a guide rail groove 1-5, and mainly comprise a square frame 1-1, a guide rail 1-2, a connecting beam 1-3, a guide rail supporting beam 1-4, a guide rail groove 1-5, an extension structure 1-5-1 and a stop block 1-5-2. One side of each of the two square frames 1-1 is provided with a guide rail groove 1-5, a guide rail support beam 1-4 is welded on the two square frames 1-1, the two square frames 1-1 are welded and connected through a connecting beam 1-3, and a guide rail 1-2 is welded on the guide rail support beam 1-4. The guide rail groove 1-5 comprises a lower side convex part 1-5-1 and a stop block 1-5-2. The whole clamp base 1 adopts a frame form to reserve enough welding space and weight reduction effect for a welding seam of a workpiece.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a quick-change structure 2, which comprises a quick-change connector 2-1 of a clamp, a quick-change connector 2-2 of an overturning positioner and a connecting bolt 2-3, wherein the quick-change connector 2-1 of the clamp is welded on the outer side of a square frame 1-1 in a base 1 of the clamp, and the quick-change connector 2-2 of the overturning positioner is a self-contained device of the overturning positioner.
Fig. 5, 6 and 7 are respectively a schematic structural diagram of a fixing unit 3, a schematic structural diagram of an upper fixing device 3-1 and a schematic structural diagram of a left fixing device 3-3, and mainly comprise an upper fixing device 3-1, a lower fixing device 3-2, a left fixing device 3-3, a right fixing device 3-4, a fixing cross beam 3-1-1, an adjustable spring plunger clamping device 3-1-2, a compression screw 3-1-3, a sliding head 3-1-4, a fixing longitudinal beam 3-3-1 and a sliding chute 3-3-2. Two adjustable spring plunger clamping devices 3-1-2 are arranged on a fixed cross beam 3-1-1 of each fixing device through bolt connection, the distance between the two adjustable spring plunger clamping devices 3-1-2 is determined according to actual conditions, two compression screws 3-1-3 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the fixed cross beam 3-1-1, which are close to sliding heads 3-1-4, and the upper sliding heads 3-1-4 of the fixed cross beam 3-1 in the upper fixing device 3-1 and the lower fixing device 3-2 are assembled into corresponding guide rail grooves 1-5, one above the other. The sliding grooves 3-3-2 in the left fixing device 3-3 and the right fixing device 3-4 are sleeved on the guide rail and can slide on the guide rail. It is emphasized that the above-mentioned compression screws 3-1-3 are all identical and are fixed by tightening the compression screws in order to avoid the fixation unit 3 falling out in the unused state of the clamp. If the number of the left longitudinal beams 6-3 and the right longitudinal beams 6-4 in the workpiece 7 to be welded is large, the number of the left fixing devices 3-3 and the number of the right fixing devices 3-4 can be increased on the guide rail 1-2.
FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are respectively a schematic structural diagram of a pressing unit 4, a schematic structural diagram of an upper left pressing device 4-1, a schematic structural diagram of an upper right pressing device 4-1, an upper left pressing device 4-2, an upper left pressing device 4-3, a left lower pressing device 4-4, and four pressing devices, which are all composed of an air cylinder 4-1-1 and a pressing block 4-1-2, wherein the pressing block 4-1-2 can be replaced according to actual conditions. The upper right pressing device 4-1 and the upper left pressing device 4-2 are fixed on the connecting beam 1-3 through bolt connection, and the installation distance between the two pressing devices is determined according to actual conditions. The upper left pressing device 4-3 and the lower left pressing device 4-4 are fixed on the outer edge of the square frame 1-1 in the clamp base 1 through bolt connection.
Fig. 10 and 11 are respectively a schematic structural diagram of a positioning unit 5 and a schematic structural diagram of a left positioning unit 5-1, and the two positioning units are identical in structure and composed of a small positioning block 5-1-1, a positioning beam 5-1-2, a large positioning block 5-1-3, a sliding groove 3-1-2 and a compression screw 3-1-3. The small positioning block 5-1-1 and the large positioning block 5-1-3 are welded on the positioning beam 5-1-2, and the chute 3-1-2 is welded on the other side of the positioning beam 5-1-2. Two compression screws 3-1-3 are respectively arranged at the right center positions of the two sliding grooves 3-1-2 on the positioning beam 5-1-2. The sliding chute 3-1-2 is sleeved on the guide rail 1-2, so that the left positioning device 5-1 and the right positioning device 5-2 slide along with the sliding chute 3-1-2 sliding on the guide rail 1-2. The compression screws 3-1-3 are screwed down under the working state, so that the left positioning device 5-1 and the right positioning device 5-2 are fixed on the guide rail 1-2 to prevent falling off.
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece 6, which includes an upper cross member 6-1, a lower cross member 6-2, a left longitudinal member 6-3, and a right longitudinal member 6-4. The beams in the workpiece 6 are not limited to be square, and the fixture can meet the welding requirement of the structural frames of beams with various shapes.
The working principle is as follows:
before the adjustable frame structure welding fixture is used, the welding fixture needs to be simply known, the welding fixture needs to be matched with an overturning and overturning positioner for use, the overturning positioner is firstly ensured to be in an unopened state, after no problem is detected, an upper cross beam 6-1, a lower cross beam 6-2, a left longitudinal beam 6-3 and a right longitudinal beam 6-4 are respectively installed on an upper fixing device 3-1, a lower fixing device 3-2, a left fixing device 3-3 and a right fixing device 3-4, and the fixing method is to adjust adjustable spring plunger clamping devices 3-1-2 on the fixing devices to clamp and fix the beams on the fixing devices. The compression screws 3-1-3 on the left fixing device 3-3 and the right fixing device 3-4 are adjusted to fix the left fixing device and the right fixing device at proper positions, the compression screws 3-1-1 on the lower fixing device 3-2 are adjusted, and the lower fixing device 3-2 is moved to enable the lower cross beam 6-2 to be in contact with the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4, so that the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 are positioned. The upper right pressing device 4-1 and the upper left pressing device 4-2 are driven by the air cylinder 4-1-1 to work with the pressing block 4-1-2, and the upper fixing device 3-1 is pushed together to move, so that the upper cross beam 6-1 is in contact with the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4, and the left longitudinal beam 6-3 and the right longitudinal beam 6-4 are pressed. And loosening the compression screws 3-1-3 on the right positioning device 5-2 and moving the right positioning device 5-2 to enable the small positioning block 5-1-1 and the large positioning block 5-1-3 to be respectively contacted with the upper cross beam 6-1 and the lower cross beam 6-2 and tighten the compression screws 3-1-3 to realize positioning. The air cylinder 4-1-1 in the upper left pressing device 4-3 and the lower left pressing device 4-4 drives the pressing block 4-1-2 to work, and the left positioning device 5-1 is pushed to move together, so that the small positioning block 5-1-1 and the large positioning block 5-1-3 in the left positioning device 5-1 are respectively contacted with the upper cross beam 6-1 and the lower cross beam 6-2 to realize pressing. And the whole clamping process is finished, and the work can be started after the checking is carried out and the looseness is avoided. After welding, the adjustable spring plunger clamping devices 3-1-2 on the fixing devices are opened, the workpiece is disassembled by using the lifting machine, the forklift and other carriers, and the workpiece is transported to a specified position, so that the whole processes of clamping, welding and disassembling are completed.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (3)

1. A large adjustable frame structure welding fixture is characterized by comprising a fixture base (1), a quick-change structure (2), a fixing unit (3), a pressing unit (4), a positioning unit (5), a workpiece (6) and a turnover positioner (7);
the workpiece comprises an upper cross beam (6-1), a lower cross beam 6-2, a left longitudinal beam 6-3 and a right longitudinal beam 6-4, and the workpiece is fixed on the fixture body under the combined action of the fixing unit (3), the positioning unit (5) and the pressing unit (4);
the fixing unit (3) comprises an upper fixing device (3-1), a lower fixing device (3-2), a left fixing device (3-3) and a right fixing device (3-4), wherein the upper fixing device (3-1) and the lower fixing device (3-2) are respectively composed of a fixed cross beam (3-1-1), an adjustable spring plunger clamping device (3-1-2), a compression screw (3-1-3) and a sliding head (3-1-4), the sliding head (3-1-4) is arranged in a guide rail groove (1-5), the left fixing device (3-3) and the right fixing device (3-4) are respectively composed of a fixed longitudinal beam (3-3-1), a sliding groove (3-3-2), an adjustable spring plunger clamping device (3-1-2) and a compression screw (3-1-3), the sliding chute (3-3-2) is arranged on the guide rail (1-2);
the clamp base (1) comprises a square frame (1-1), a guide rail (1-2), a connecting beam (1-3) and a guide rail supporting beam (1-4), wherein one side of the square frame (1-1) is provided with a guide rail groove (1-5), the inner structure of the guide rail groove (1-5) comprises an extension structure (1-5-1) and a stop block (1-5-2), the extension structure is used for fixing the positioning of the cross beam (3-1-1) and preventing the loosening of a compression screw (3-1-3) to cause the falling of an upper fixing device (3-1), the guide rail (1-2) is welded on the guide rail supporting beam (1-4) in a welding mode, and the connecting beam (1-3) is welded on the square frame (1-1);
the quick-change structure (2) comprises a clamp quick-change connector (2-1), an overturning positioner quick-change connector (2-2) and a connecting bolt (2-3), the clamp quick-change connector (2-1) is connected with the overturning positioner quick-change connector (2-2) through the connecting bolt (2-3), and quick connection of different clamp bodies and a positioner (7) is realized;
the pressing unit (4) comprises an upper right pressing device (4-1), an upper left pressing device (4-2), an upper left pressing device (4-3) and a left lower pressing device (4-4), wherein the four pressing devices are respectively composed of an air cylinder (4-1-1) and a pressing block (4-1-2), and the air cylinder (4-1-1) and the pressing block (4-1-2) are replaced according to different sizes of workpieces;
the positioning unit (5) comprises a left positioning device (5-1) and a right positioning device (5-2), the two positioning devices are identical in structure and are composed of a small positioning block (5-1-1), a positioning beam (5-1-2), a large positioning block (5-1-3), a sliding groove (3-1-2) and a compression screw (3-1-3), and the sliding groove (3-1-2) is installed on the guide rail (1-2);
the lower fixing device (3-2), the left fixing device (3-3) and the right fixing device (3-4) are fixed through compression screws (3-1-3), and the upper fixing device (3-1) is pushed together through the upper right compression device (4-1) and the upper left compression device (4-2) to enable the upper cross beam (6-1) to be in contact with the left longitudinal beam (6-3) and the right longitudinal beam (6-4) to achieve compression;
the right positioning device (5-2) is fixed through a compression screw (3-1-3), and the left positioning device (5-1) is pushed together through the upper left compression device (4-3) and the lower left compression device (4-4) to enable the small positioning block (5-1-1) and the large positioning block (5-1-3) to be respectively contacted with the upper cross beam (6-1) and the lower cross beam (6-2) to achieve compression.
2. The large adjustable frame structure welding jig according to claim 1, wherein the sliding head (3-1-4) slides in the guide rail groove (1-5), and the sliding groove (3-3-2) slides on the guide rail.
3. The large adjustable frame structure welding fixture according to claim 1, wherein when the number of the left longitudinal beams (6-3) and the number of the right longitudinal beams (6-4) are large, the number of the left fixing devices (3-3) and the number of the right fixing devices (3-4) are added on the guide rails (1-2) to meet the requirement of fixing the longitudinal beams.
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CN109396605B (en) * 2018-11-23 2023-12-26 苏州若晨自动化设备有限公司 Clamp fixing device and arc welding workstation
CN110340603A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-10-18 浙江大学台州研究院 The outline border aligning tool of base plate automatic frame welding machine
CN112917056A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-06-08 陶定红 Welding construction method for steel structure house framework
CN112942703B (en) * 2021-02-04 2022-04-22 广东世纪达建设集团有限公司 Construction method of Zhongting steel structure canopy
CN116038198B (en) * 2023-04-03 2023-06-23 江苏奔宇车身制造有限公司 Welding-based automatic chemical assembly method, assembly mechanism and assembly equipment

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