CN108421413A - A kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas and denitration method for flue gas - Google Patents

A kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas and denitration method for flue gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108421413A
CN108421413A CN201810169237.0A CN201810169237A CN108421413A CN 108421413 A CN108421413 A CN 108421413A CN 201810169237 A CN201810169237 A CN 201810169237A CN 108421413 A CN108421413 A CN 108421413A
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flue gas
catalyst
absorption
entrance
reduction
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CN201810169237.0A
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CN108421413B (en
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杨春振
吴华
赵剑
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国家能源投资集团有限责任公司
中国节能减排有限公司
山东神华山大能源环境有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/202—Hydrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/204—Carbon monoxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/208—Hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/207—Transition metals
    • B01D2255/20738—Iron
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/50—Zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/70—Non-metallic catalysts, additives or dopants
    • B01D2255/702—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas and denitration method for flue gas.The equipment for denitrifying flue gas includes：Flue gas absorbing unit, flue gas absorbing unit includes flue gas adsorption chamber, flue gas adsorption chamber has nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet, catalyst inlet and the outlet of absorption rear catalyst, nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet is located on the side wall of flue gas adsorption chamber, catalyst inlet is located on the roof of flue gas adsorption chamber, and the outlet of absorption rear catalyst is on the bottom wall of flue gas adsorption chamber；Flue gas reduction unit, there is flue gas reduction unit flue gas to restore room, flue gas, which restores room, has also Primordial Qi entrance, absorption rear catalyst entrance, catalyst outlet and nitrogen outlet, also Primordial Qi entrance and nitrogen outlet are arranged on the side wall that flue gas restores room, absorption rear catalyst entrance is arranged on the roof that flue gas restores room, catalyst outlet is arranged on the bottom wall that flue gas restores room, and absorption rear catalyst entrance is connected with the outlet of absorption rear catalyst.The denitrification apparatus can be by NOxIt is reduced to N2Realize industrialization.

Description

A kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas and denitration method for flue gas
Technical field
The present invention relates to fume treatment fields, in particular to a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas and denitration method for flue gas.
Background technology
SCR (selective catalytic reduction) and SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) is the major technique of current industrial denitration. SCR is controlled reaction temperature at 300~400 DEG C using catalytic component based on vanadium；SNCR is due to the addition of not no catalyst, reaction temperature Generally 950~1050 DEG C of degree.Since two methods reducing agent is urea or NH3, certain the escaping of ammonia is caused, is made to environment At secondary pollution.
The problems such as denitration reaction temperature height, the escaping of ammonia, gradually appear other alternative solutions：(1) first with strong oxygen Agent (such as ozone, sodium hypochlorite etc.) is by NOxIt is oxidized to NO2, recycle existing absorbent (such as calcium-base absorbing agent etc.) with NO2The raw available resource of reaction, the program industrially have certain application；(2) utilize other reducing agents (such as CO, H2、CH4Equal reducibility gas)+corresponding catalyst, by NOxIt is reduced to N2, most of program concentrates on laboratory scale, non-shape Industrialized unit on a large scale.
Invention content
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas and denitration method for flue gas, to solve the prior art In by NOxIt is reduced to N2Method of denitration be difficult to realize industrialized problem.
To achieve the goals above, according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas, including：Cigarette Gas absorbing unit, flue gas absorbing unit include flue gas adsorption chamber, and flue gas adsorption chamber has nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet, catalyst Entrance and the outlet of absorption rear catalyst, nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet are located on the side wall of flue gas adsorption chamber, catalyst inlet position In on the roof of flue gas adsorption chamber, the outlet of absorption rear catalyst is on the bottom wall of flue gas adsorption chamber；Flue gas reduction unit, flue gas There is reduction unit flue gas to restore room, flue gas restore room have also Primordial Qi entrance, absorption rear catalyst entrance, catalyst outlet and Nitrogen outlet, also Primordial Qi entrance and nitrogen outlet are arranged on the side wall that flue gas restores room, and absorption rear catalyst entrance setting exists Flue gas restores on the roof of room, and catalyst outlet is arranged on the bottom wall that flue gas restores room, adsorbs rear catalyst entrance and absorption Rear catalyst outlet is connected.
Further, the side wall of above-mentioned flue gas adsorption chamber includes：First flaring wall, the setting of nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet exist The beginning of first flaring wall；First tapered wall is oppositely arranged with the first flaring wall；And first major side wall, it is connected to first gradually Between expanding wall and the first tapered wall.
Further, it is provided in above-mentioned flue gas adsorption chamber：First gas distributor, be fixed at the first flaring wall with The junction of first major side wall；Second gas distributor is fixed at the junction of the first tapered wall and the first major side wall；It inhales Attached area is arranged between first gas distributor and second gas distributor；And optional first deflector, it is arranged nitrogenous At oxide smoke inlet.
Further, above-mentioned equipment for denitrifying flue gas further includes catalyst supply unit, catalyst supply unit and catalyst Entrance is connected, and the first catalyst distributor, the first catalyst distributor and catalyst inlet phase are additionally provided in flue gas adsorption chamber Even and it is arranged in the lower section of catalyst inlet.
Further, the side wall of above-mentioned flue gas reduction room includes：Second flaring wall, also Primordial Qi entrance are arranged in the second flaring The beginning of wall；Second tapered wall is oppositely arranged with the second flaring wall, and nitrogen outlet is arranged in the end of affiliated second tapered wall； And second major side wall, it is connected between the second flaring wall and the second tapered wall.
Further, above-mentioned flue gas reduction interior is provided with：Third gas distributor, be fixed at the second flaring wall with The junction of second major side wall；4th gas distributor is fixed at the junction of the second tapered wall and the second major side wall；Instead Area is answered, is arranged between third gas distributor and the 4th gas distributor；And optional second deflector, setting are restoring Gas inlet.
Further, above-mentioned flue gas reduction interior is additionally provided with the second catalyst distributor, the second catalyst distributor with Rear catalyst entrance is adsorbed to be connected and be arranged below absorption rear catalyst entrance.
Further, above-mentioned equipment for denitrifying flue gas further includes catalyst cleaning unit, catalyst cleaning unit connection setting Between the outlet of absorption rear catalyst and absorption rear catalyst entrance.
Further, above-mentioned catalyst cleaning unit includes：Separator is shaken, connection setting is in the outlet of absorption rear catalyst Between absorption rear catalyst entrance, and separator is shaken with nitrogen-sealed valve.
Further, above-mentioned nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet, catalyst inlet, the outlet of absorption rear catalyst, also Primordial Qi enter Mouth, absorption rear catalyst entrance and catalyst outlet are configured with flow control valve each independently.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of denitration method for flue gas is provided, using catalyst, using any of the above-described kind Equipment for denitrifying flue gas flue gas is adsorbed and is restored successively to realize denitration.
Further, above-mentioned catalyst is low-temperature denitration catalyst, and low-temperature denitration catalyst is activated carbon, ferrum-based catalyst Or molecular sieve catalyst, preferred catalyst are pellet type catalyst of the grain size in 500 μm~10mm, further preferred catalyst exists The rate travel and catalyst of flue gas adsorption chamber restore the rate travel of room each independently in 0.05m/h~0.6m/s in flue gas Between.
Further, in above-mentioned flue gas adsorption chamber, the temperature of Catalyst Adsorption flue gas is 150~350 DEG C, preferably along flue gas The thickness of flow direction catalyst is 1~4m, and it is 0.5~3s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the adsorption zone of flue gas adsorption chamber,；Flue gas is also Former indoor, the temperature of catalyst reduction flue gas is 150~350 DEG C, preferably the thickness along reduction flow of air direction catalyst be 1~ 4m, it is 0.5~3s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the reaction zone of flue gas reduction room,.
Further, above-mentioned also Primordial Qi is H2、CH4Or CO, preferably also the flow resistance of Primordial Qi is 200~1000Pa, flue gas Flow resistance be 200~1000Pa.
It applies the technical scheme of the present invention, is being catalyzed the nitrogen oxide absorbent in flue gas first with flue gas absorbing unit It in agent, is detached with other oxygen etc., then recycles flue gas reduction unit in catalyst action and in the environment of be isolated with oxygen Nitrogen oxides is subjected to reduction and forms nitrogen, the oxygen avoided in flue gas enters reduction process and causes reducing agent first by oxygen Change a large amount of consumption for causing reducing agent and the generation of reaction heat；The application is adsorbed by the way that catalyst inlet is arranged in flue gas simultaneously On the roof of room, catalyst is made to fall under the effect of gravity；Nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet is arranged in flue gas adsorption chamber simultaneously Side wall on, so that air-flow is flowed in the horizontal direction, contact, subtract with the cross-flow of nitrogen-containing oxide flue gas to realize catalyst The gas-flow resistance for having lacked flue gas, ensure that catalyst and nitrogen oxides comes into full contact with the time to realize absorption；And by setting Absorption rear catalyst entrance is set on the roof that flue gas restores room, the catalyst after absorption is made to fall under the effect of gravity, is restored Also Primordial Qi entrance of the gas through side wall enters to be contacted with absorption rear catalyst cross-flow, is reduced the gas-flow resistance of also Primordial Qi, be ensure that The time of contact for the nitrogen oxides that also Primordial Qi and catalyst and catalyst are adsorbed, and then be at relatively low temperature will Nitrogen oxides is fully reduced to nitrogen and provides possibility.Meanwhile in reduction process, nitrogen oxides that catalyst is adsorbed is from urging Parsing participates in reduction in agent, and the nitrogen that reduction reaction is generated also can in time be detached with catalyst, realizes absorption, goes back The purpose that former and separation is continuously carried out at the same time so that reaction heat can come out in time, ensure that the safety of industrial implementation. Moreover, the catalyst after separation returns to the repetition of flue gas absorbing unit after can returning to the recycling of flue gas absorbing unit or regeneration It utilizes.
Description of the drawings
The accompanying drawings which form a part of this application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted improper limitations of the present invention for explaining the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the equipment for denitrifying flue gas structural schematic diagram provided according to an embodiment of the present.
Wherein, above-mentioned attached drawing includes the following drawings label：
10, flue gas absorbing unit；11, the first flaring wall；12, the first tapered wall；13, the first major side wall；14, first gas Distributor；15, second gas distributor；16, adsorption zone；17, the first deflector；18, the first catalyst distributor；
21, separator is shaken；
30, flue gas reduction unit；31, the second flaring wall；32, the second tapered wall；33, the second major side wall；34, third gas Distributor；35, the 4th gas distributor；36, reaction zone；37, the second deflector；38, the second catalyst distributor；
01, nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet；02, catalyst inlet；03, absorption rear catalyst outlet；04, also Primordial Qi enters Mouthful；05, rear catalyst entrance is adsorbed；06, catalyst outlet；07, nitrogen outlet.
Specific implementation mode
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As the application background technology is analyzed, the prior art utilizes CO, H2、CH4As reducing agent in corresponding catalyst By NO in flue gas under effectxAbsorption parses and is reduced to again N2Technology concentrate on laboratory scale, it is difficult to extend to industrialization Using this is because current device cannot achieve being completely exfoliated for NOx absorption and two processes of parsing, flue gas is easy adsorbing Area and parsing area exchange (collaborating) so that CO, H2、CH4Equal reducing agents first react with the oxygen in flue gas, cause largely also The consumption of former agent, a large amount of generations of thermal energy cause cost, energy consumption and safety to be difficult to control, and then are difficult to realize industrialization and answer With.In order to solve this problem, this application provides a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas and denitration method for flue gas.
In a kind of typical embodiment of the application, a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas is provided, as shown in Figure 1, the flue gas Denitrification apparatus includes flue gas absorbing unit 10 and flue gas reduction unit 30, and flue gas absorbing unit 10 includes flue gas adsorption chamber, flue gas Adsorption chamber has nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet 01, catalyst inlet 02 and absorption rear catalyst outlet 03, nitrogen-containing oxide cigarette Gas entrance 01 is located on the side wall of flue gas adsorption chamber, and catalyst inlet 02 is located on the roof of flue gas adsorption chamber, is catalyzed after absorption Agent outlet 03 is located on the bottom wall of flue gas adsorption chamber；There is flue gas to restore room, cigarette for flue gas reduction unit 30, flue gas reduction unit 30 Gas restores room, and there is also Primordial Qi entrance 04, absorption rear catalyst entrance 05, catalyst outlet 06 and nitrogen outlet 07, also Primordial Qi to enter Mouth 04 and nitrogen outlet 07 are arranged on the side wall that flue gas restores room, and absorption rear catalyst entrance 05 is arranged restores room in flue gas On roof, catalyst outlet 06 is arranged on the bottom wall that flue gas restores room, absorption rear catalyst entrance 05 and absorption rear catalyst Outlet 03 is connected.
The equipment for denitrifying flue gas of the application is urging the nitrogen oxide absorbent in flue gas first with flue gas absorbing unit 10 It in agent, is detached with other oxygen etc., then recycles flue gas reduction unit 30 in catalyst action and the ring be isolated with oxygen Nitrogen oxides is subjected to reduction under border and forms nitrogen, the oxygen avoided in flue gas enters reduction process and leads to reducing agent first A large amount of consumption and the generation of reaction heat of reducing agent are caused by oxidation；The application is by being arranged catalyst inlet 02 in cigarette simultaneously On the roof of aspiration alcove, catalyst is made to fall under the effect of gravity；Nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet 01 is arranged in cigarette simultaneously On the side wall of aspiration alcove, air-flow is made to flow in the horizontal direction, to realize the mistake of catalyst and nitrogen-containing oxide flue gas Stream contact, reduces the gas-flow resistance of flue gas, and ensure that catalyst and nitrogen oxides comes into full contact with the time to realize absorption； And rear catalyst entrance 05 is adsorbed on the roof that flue gas restores room by setting, make the catalyst after absorption under the effect of gravity It falls, also also Primordial Qi entrance 04 of the Primordial Qi through side wall enters contacts with absorption rear catalyst cross-flow, reduces the air-flow of also Primordial Qi Resistance ensure that the time of contact for the nitrogen oxides that also Primordial Qi and catalyst and catalyst are adsorbed, and then for relatively Nitrogen oxides is fully reduced to nitrogen at low temperature and provides possibility.Meanwhile in reduction process, what catalyst was adsorbed Nitrogen oxides parses participation reduction from catalyst, and the nitrogen that reduction reaction is generated also can in time be detached with catalyst, Realize the purpose that absorption, reduction and separation are continuously carried out at the same time so that reaction heat can come out in time, ensure that industry The safety of implementation.Moreover, the catalyst after separation returns to cigarette after can returning to the recycling of flue gas absorbing unit or regeneration Gas absorbing unit reuses.
In order to improve the contact area of flue gas and catalyst, preferably as shown in Figure 1, the side wall of above-mentioned flue gas adsorption chamber includes First flaring wall 11, the first tapered wall 12 and the first major side wall 13, the setting of 11 nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet 01 of the first flaring wall At the beginning of the first flaring wall 11；First tapered wall 12 is oppositely arranged with the first flaring wall 11；First major side wall 13 is connected to Between one flaring wall 11 and the first tapered wall 12.Nitrogen-containing oxide flue gas enters by the flaring channel that the first flaring wall 11 is formed In flue gas adsorption chamber so that gas-flow resistance reduction and flow area increase, therefore the contact area with catalyst is increased, ensure With coming into full contact with for catalyst；Remaining gas flows out flue gas by the tapered channels that the first tapered wall 12 is formed after absorption Adsorption chamber so that gas-flow resistance increases flow area and reduces, therefore flue gas is enabled to participate in inhaling there are enough retention times It is attached.
In addition, in order to further enhance the uniformity that gas participates in reaction, preferably as shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned flue gas adsorption chamber Inside it is provided with first gas distributor 14, second gas distributor 15, adsorption zone 16 and optional first deflector 17, the first gas Body distributor 14 is fixed at the junction of the first flaring wall 11 and the first major side wall 13；The fixation of second gas distributor 15 is set It sets in the junction of the first tapered wall 12 and the first major side wall 13；Adsorption zone 16 is arranged in first gas distributor 14 and the second gas Between body distributor 15；First deflector 17 is arranged at nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet 01.Utilize first gas distributor 14 Gas is carried out to nitrogen-containing oxide flue gas to be adsorbed to be uniformly distributed, and improves the uniformity that flue gas is contacted with catalyst；It utilizes Second gas distributor 15 carries out gas distribution to the gas after absorption so that and gas is capable of the discharge of uniform concentration after absorption, Weaken the disorderly degree of air-flow, reduce system airflow resistance.Nitrogen-containing oxide flow of flue gas is improved using the first deflector 17 Stability.
In addition, in order to control the movement speed of catalyst, preferably as shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned equipment for denitrifying flue gas further includes urging Agent supply unit, catalyst supply unit are connected with catalyst inlet 02, and the first catalyst is additionally provided in flue gas adsorption chamber Distributor 18, the first catalyst distributor 18 are connected with catalyst inlet 02 and are arranged in the lower section of catalyst inlet 02.It is urging The first catalyst distributor 18 is arranged in 02 lower section of agent entrance, on the one hand plays certain buffering to the whereabouts of catalyst and then adjusts The movement speed of catalyst has been saved, has on the other hand made catalyst when falling with larger area and more uniform density It is distributed to be contacted with flue gas, and then optimizes adsorption effect.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 1, the side wall of above-mentioned flue gas reduction room includes the second flaring Wall 31, the second tapered wall 32 and the second major side wall 33, also Primordial Qi entrance 04 are arranged at the beginning of the second flaring wall 31；Second is tapered Wall 32 is oppositely arranged with the second flaring wall 31, and nitrogen outlet 07 is arranged in the end of affiliated second tapered wall 32；Second major side wall 33 are connected between the second flaring wall 31 and the second tapered wall 32.Also Primordial Qi by the second flaring wall 31 formed flaring channel into It is indoor to enter flue gas reduction so that gas-flow resistance reduction and flow area increase, therefore increase and the catalyst after absorption flue gas Contact area, ensure that and come into full contact with catalyst；The gas generated after reduction reaction is formed by the second tapered wall 32 Tapered channels flow out flue gas adsorption chamber so that gas-flow resistance increase flow area reduce, therefore enable to also Primordial Qi there are Enough retention times participate in absorption.
In addition, in order to further enhance the uniformity that gas participates in reaction, preferably as shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned flue gas restores room Inside it is provided with third gas distributor 34, the 4th gas distributor 35, reaction zone 36 and optional second deflector 37, third gas Body distributor 34 is fixed at the junction of the second flaring wall 31 and the second major side wall 33；The fixation of 4th gas distributor 35 is set It sets in the junction of the second tapered wall 32 and the second major side wall 33；Reaction zone 36 is arranged in third gas distributor 34 and the 4th gas Between body distributor 35；The setting of second deflector 37 is at also Primordial Qi entrance 04.Primordial Qi is gone back using third gas distributor for 34 pairs It carries out gas to be uniformly distributed, improves the uniformity that also Primordial Qi is contacted with the catalyst for having adsorbed flue gas；Utilize third gas point Cloth device 34 carries out gas distribution to the gas after absorption so that gas is capable of the discharge of uniform concentration after reduction reaction, weakens gas The disorderly degree of stream reduces system airflow resistance.The stability of reduction flow of air is improved using the second deflector 37.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned flue gas reduction interior is additionally provided with the second catalyst distributor 38, the second catalysis Agent distributor 38 is connected with absorption rear catalyst entrance 05 and is arranged below absorption rear catalyst entrance 05.It is catalyzed after absorption The second catalyst distributor 38 is arranged in 05 lower section of agent entrance, on the one hand plays certain be buffered into the whereabouts for adsorbing rear catalyst And have adjusted absorption rear catalyst movement speed, on the other hand so that absorption rear catalyst fall when with larger area with And more uniform Density Distribution come with also Primordial Qi contacted, and then optimize reduction effect.
When due to being adsorbed to flue gas in flue gas absorbing unit 10, dust and flue gas in flue gas can be caused and urged The dust that agent abrasion generates loses on a catalyst, in order to avoid dust causes reduction effect to be deteriorated nitrogen oxides covering, It is preferred that above-mentioned equipment for denitrifying flue gas further includes catalyst cleaning unit, catalyst cleaning unit connection setting is in absorption rear catalyst Between outlet 03 and absorption rear catalyst entrance 05.Purification is carried out to the catalyst after absorption and removes dust therein.
It is preferred that as shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned catalyst cleaning unit includes vibrations separator 21, the vibrations connection of separator 21 is arranged Between absorption rear catalyst outlet 03 and absorption rear catalyst entrance 05, and separator 21 is shaken with nitrogen-sealed valve. Using above-mentioned catalyst cleaning unit, absorption rear catalyst is purified under conditions of nitrogen-sealed, has effectively removed it It middle dust and avoids and introduces the oxygen-containing gas such as air in this process, ensure that the reduction of also Primordial Qi in flue gas reduction room is anti- Answer efficiency.
In addition, in order to control the flow velocity of flue gas, catalyst, also Primordial Qi etc., preferably above-mentioned nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet 01, Catalyst inlet 02, absorption rear catalyst outlet 03, also Primordial Qi entrance 04, absorption rear catalyst entrance 05 and catalyst outlet 06 It is configured with flow control valve each independently.
In another typical embodiment of the application, a kind of denitration method for flue gas is provided, using catalyst, is used Any of the above-described kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas adsorbs flue gas and is restored to realize denitration successively.
The equipment for denitrifying flue gas of the application is urging the nitrogen oxide absorbent in flue gas first with flue gas absorbing unit 10 It in agent, is detached with other oxygen etc., then recycles flue gas reduction unit 30 in catalyst action and the ring be isolated with oxygen Nitrogen oxides is subjected to reduction under border and forms nitrogen, the oxygen avoided in flue gas enters reduction process and leads to reducing agent first A large amount of consumption and the generation of reaction heat of reducing agent are caused by oxidation；The application is by being arranged catalyst inlet 02 in cigarette simultaneously On the roof of aspiration alcove, catalyst is made to fall under the effect of gravity；Nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet 01 is arranged in cigarette simultaneously On the side wall of aspiration alcove, air-flow is made to flow in the horizontal direction, to realize the mistake of catalyst and nitrogen-containing oxide flue gas Stream contact, reduces the gas-flow resistance of flue gas, and ensure that catalyst and nitrogen oxides comes into full contact with the time to realize absorption； And rear catalyst entrance 05 is adsorbed on the roof that flue gas restores room by setting, make the catalyst after absorption under the effect of gravity It falls, also also Primordial Qi entrance 04 of the Primordial Qi through side wall enters contacts with absorption rear catalyst cross-flow, reduces the air-flow of also Primordial Qi Resistance ensure that the time of contact for the nitrogen oxides that also Primordial Qi and catalyst and catalyst are adsorbed, and then can be opposite Nitrogen oxides is fully reduced to nitrogen at lower temperature.Meanwhile in reduction process, nitrogen oxides that catalyst is adsorbed from Parsing participates in reduction in catalyst, and the nitrogen that reduction reaction is generated also can in time be detached with catalyst, realize absorption, The purpose that reduction and separation are continuously carried out at the same time so that reaction heat can come out in time, ensure that the safety of industrial implementation Property.
Catalyst for the application can refer to the catalyst employed in laboratory research in the prior art, in order to drop Low energy consumption, preferably above-mentioned catalyst are that low-temperature denitration catalyst is low-temperature catalyzed to realize, more preferably activated carbon, ferrum-based catalyst Or molecular sieve catalyst.Above-mentioned ferrum-based catalyst is the ferrum-based catalyst with carrier, which can be that activated carbon can also For molecular sieve.Further, in order to improve contact effect of the catalyst with flue gas, preferred catalyst be grain size 500 μm~ The pellet type catalyst of 10mm.In order to optimize the adsorption effect and catalytic effect of catalyst, further preferred catalyst is in flue gas The rate travel of adsorption chamber and catalyst flue gas restore the rate travel of room each independently 0.05m/h~0.6m/s it Between.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the application, in flue gas adsorption chamber, the temperature of Catalyst Adsorption flue gas is 150~ 350 DEG C, using the temperature of control Catalyst Adsorption flue gas, adsorption effect is on the one hand optimized, is on the other hand realized to flue gas Preheating.By experimental verification, when the thickness along flow of flue gas direction catalyst is 1~4m, flue gas passes through flue gas adsorption chamber The assimilation effect of flue gas is even more ideal when the time of adsorption zone is 0.5~3s.
In the application another kind preferred embodiment, flue gas reduction is indoor, and the temperature of catalyst reduction flue gas is 150~ 350 DEG C, the preferably thickness along reduction flow of air direction catalyst is 1~4m, flue gas pass through the reaction zone of flue gas reduction room when Between be 0.5~3s.It is restored under these conditions, not only thermal energy consumption is relatively low, but also can realize ideal reduction effect Fruit.
Preferably, above-mentioned also Primordial Qi is H2、CH4Or CO.And it is preferred that also the flow resistance of Primordial Qi is 200~1000Pa, cigarette The flow resistance of gas is 200~1000Pa.
Below with reference to embodiment and comparative example, the advantageous effect of the application is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
Equipment for denitrifying flue gas shown in FIG. 1 is used to carry out absorption and reduction treatment successively to nitrogen-containing oxide flue gas to realize Denitration generates the required flue gas handled using the chain furnace of one 0.7 steaming ton hour capacity.
The wherein main composition of nitrogen-containing oxide flue gas such as table 1.
Table 1
Ingredient CO NOx O2 CO2
Content 0.084wt% 50ppm 16.83wt% 1.99wt%
Wherein, catalyst is grain size in the granular active carbon of 500 μm~4mm, movement of the catalyst in flue gas adsorption chamber The rate travel that rate and catalyst restore room in flue gas is each independently 0.03m/s.
In flue gas adsorption chamber, the temperature of Catalyst Adsorption flue gas is 250 DEG C, and the thickness along flow of flue gas direction catalyst is 1.5m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the adsorption zone of flue gas adsorption chamber,.
Flue gas reduction is indoor, and the temperature of catalyst reduction flue gas is 250 DEG C, along the thickness of reduction flow of air direction catalyst For 1.5m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the reaction zone of flue gas reduction room,.
Also Primordial Qi is CO.Also the flow resistance of Primordial Qi is 800Pa, and the flow resistance of flue gas is 800Pa.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 76% after reduction.
Embodiment 2
Catalyst be grain size in the granular active carbon of 2mm~10mm, remaining is the same as embodiment 1.Using online flue gas analysis Instrument detects smoke entrance NO in real timexConcentration, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 74% after reduction.
Embodiment 3
Catalyst restores the rate travel of room each independently in the rate travel and catalyst of flue gas adsorption chamber in flue gas For 0.6m/s.The other the same as in Example 1.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 78% after reduction.
Embodiment 4
Catalyst restores the rate travel of room each independently in the rate travel and catalyst of flue gas adsorption chamber in flue gas For 0.05m/h.The other the same as in Example 1.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 75% after reduction.
Embodiment 5
In flue gas adsorption chamber, the temperature of Catalyst Adsorption flue gas is 150 DEG C, and the thickness along flow of flue gas direction catalyst is 1.5m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the adsorption zone of flue gas adsorption chamber,.
Flue gas reduction is indoor, and the temperature of catalyst reduction flue gas is 150 DEG C, along the thickness of reduction flow of air direction catalyst For 1.5m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the reaction zone of flue gas reduction room,.The other the same as in Example 1.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 65% after reduction.
Embodiment 6
In flue gas adsorption chamber, the temperature of Catalyst Adsorption flue gas is 350 DEG C, and the thickness along flow of flue gas direction catalyst is 1.5m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the adsorption zone of flue gas adsorption chamber,.
Flue gas reduction is indoor, and the temperature of catalyst reduction flue gas is 350 DEG C, along the thickness of reduction flow of air direction catalyst For 1.5m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the reaction zone of flue gas reduction room,.The other the same as in Example 1.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 63% after reduction.
Embodiment 7
In flue gas adsorption chamber, the temperature of Catalyst Adsorption flue gas is 250 DEG C, and the thickness along flow of flue gas direction catalyst is 4m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the adsorption zone of flue gas adsorption chamber,.The other the same as in Example 1.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 77% after reduction.
Embodiment 8
In flue gas adsorption chamber, the temperature of Catalyst Adsorption flue gas is 250 DEG C, and the thickness along flow of flue gas direction catalyst is 1.5m, it is 0.5s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the adsorption zone of flue gas adsorption chamber,.The other the same as in Example 1.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 73% after reduction.
Embodiment 9
In flue gas adsorption chamber, the temperature of Catalyst Adsorption flue gas is 250 DEG C, and the thickness along flow of flue gas direction catalyst is 1.5m, it is 3s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the adsorption zone of flue gas adsorption chamber,.The other the same as in Example 1.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 79% after reduction.
Embodiment 10
Flue gas reduction is indoor, and the temperature of catalyst reduction flue gas is 150 DEG C, along the thickness of reduction flow of air direction catalyst For 1m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the reaction zone of flue gas reduction room,.The other the same as in Example 1.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 68% after reduction.
Embodiment 11
In flue gas adsorption chamber, the temperature of Catalyst Adsorption flue gas is 250 DEG C, and the thickness along flow of flue gas direction catalyst is 1.5m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the adsorption zone of flue gas adsorption chamber,.
Flue gas reduction is indoor, and the temperature of catalyst reduction flue gas is 250 DEG C, along the thickness of reduction flow of air direction catalyst For 4m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the reaction zone of flue gas reduction room,.The other the same as in Example 1.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 81% after reduction.
Embodiment 12
In flue gas adsorption chamber, the temperature of Catalyst Adsorption flue gas is 250 DEG C, and the thickness along flow of flue gas direction catalyst is 1.5m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the adsorption zone of flue gas adsorption chamber,.
Flue gas reduction is indoor, and the temperature of catalyst reduction flue gas is 250 DEG C, along the thickness of reduction flow of air direction catalyst For 1.5m, it is 0.5s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the reaction zone of flue gas reduction room,.The other the same as in Example 1.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 67% after reduction.
Embodiment 13
In flue gas adsorption chamber, the temperature of Catalyst Adsorption flue gas is 250 DEG C, and the thickness along flow of flue gas direction catalyst is 1.5m, it is 1s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the adsorption zone of flue gas adsorption chamber,.
Flue gas reduction is indoor, and the temperature of catalyst reduction flue gas is 250 DEG C, along the thickness of reduction flow of air direction catalyst For 1.5m, it is 3s that flue gas, which passes through the time of the reaction zone of flue gas reduction room,.The other the same as in Example 1.
Smoke entrance NOx concentration is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real time, the denitrification rate of flue gas is 82% after reduction.
Embodiment 14
Equipment for denitrifying flue gas shown in FIG. 1 is used to carry out absorption and reduction treatment successively to nitrogen-containing oxide flue gas to realize Denitration.
The wherein main composition of nitrogen-containing oxide flue gas such as table 2.
Table 2
Ingredient CO NOx O2 CO2
Content 0.004wt% 475ppm 15.91wt% 2.81wt%
The other the same as in Example 1 detects smoke entrance NOx concentration, flue gas after reduction in real time using online flue gas analyzer Denitrification rate be 79%.
Embodiment 15
Catalyst is graininess Fe-Ce-ZSM-5 molecular sieve carrier type ferrum-based catalyst of the grain size in 2mm~10mm, remaining With embodiment 1.Smoke entrance NO is detected using online flue gas analyzer in real timexConcentration, the denitrification rate of flue gas is after reduction 78%.
It can be seen from the above description that the above embodiments of the present invention realize following technique effect：
Nitrogen oxide absorbent in flue gas is being catalyzed by the equipment for denitrifying flue gas of the application first with flue gas absorbing unit It in agent, is detached with other oxygen etc., then recycles flue gas reduction unit in catalyst action and in the environment of be isolated with oxygen Nitrogen oxides is subjected to reduction and forms nitrogen, the oxygen avoided in flue gas enters reduction process and causes reducing agent first by oxygen Change a large amount of consumption for causing reducing agent and the generation of reaction heat；The application is adsorbed by the way that catalyst inlet is arranged in flue gas simultaneously On the roof of room, catalyst is made to fall under the effect of gravity；Nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet is arranged in flue gas adsorption chamber simultaneously Side wall on, so that air-flow is flowed in the horizontal direction, contact, subtract with the cross-flow of nitrogen-containing oxide flue gas to realize catalyst The gas-flow resistance for having lacked flue gas, ensure that catalyst and nitrogen oxides comes into full contact with the time to realize absorption；And by setting Absorption rear catalyst entrance is set on the roof that flue gas restores room, the catalyst after absorption is made to fall under the effect of gravity, is restored Also Primordial Qi entrance of the gas through side wall enters to be contacted with absorption rear catalyst cross-flow, is reduced the gas-flow resistance of also Primordial Qi, be ensure that The time of contact for the nitrogen oxides that also Primordial Qi and catalyst and catalyst are adsorbed, and then be at relatively low temperature will Nitrogen oxides is fully reduced to nitrogen and provides possibility.Meanwhile in reduction process, nitrogen oxides that catalyst is adsorbed is from urging Parsing participates in reduction in agent, and the nitrogen that reduction reaction is generated also can in time be detached with catalyst, realizes absorption, goes back The purpose that former and separation is continuously carried out at the same time so that reaction heat can come out in time, ensure that the safety of industrial implementation.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas, which is characterized in that including：
Flue gas absorbing unit (10), the flue gas absorbing unit (10) includes flue gas adsorption chamber, and the flue gas adsorption chamber, which has, to be contained Nitrogen oxide containing gas entrance (01), catalyst inlet (02) and absorption rear catalyst outlet (03), the nitrogen-containing oxide flue gas Entrance (01) is located on the side wall of the flue gas adsorption chamber, and the catalyst inlet (02) is located at the roof of the flue gas adsorption chamber On, the absorption rear catalyst outlet (03) is located on the bottom wall of the flue gas adsorption chamber；
There is flue gas to restore room for flue gas reduction unit (30), the flue gas reduction unit (30), and flue gas reduction room has also Primordial Qi entrance (04), absorption rear catalyst entrance (05), catalyst outlet (06) and nitrogen outlet (07), the also Primordial Qi entrance (04) it is arranged on the side wall that the flue gas restores room with the nitrogen outlet (07), the absorption rear catalyst entrance (05) sets It sets on the roof that the flue gas restores room, the catalyst outlet (06) is arranged on the bottom wall that the flue gas restores room, institute Absorption rear catalyst entrance (05) is stated with absorption rear catalyst outlet (03) to be connected.
2. equipment for denitrifying flue gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the side wall of the flue gas adsorption chamber includes：
First flaring wall (11), the nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet (01) are arranged at the beginning of the first flaring wall (11)；
First tapered wall (12) is oppositely arranged with the first flaring wall (11)；And
First major side wall (13) is connected between the first flaring wall (11) and the first tapered wall (12).
3. equipment for denitrifying flue gas according to claim 2, which is characterized in that be provided in the flue gas adsorption chamber：
First gas distributor (14) is fixed at the connection of the first flaring wall (11) and first major side wall (13) Place；
Second gas distributor (15) is fixed at the connection of first tapered wall (12) and first major side wall (13) Place；
Adsorption zone (16) is arranged between the first gas distributor (14) and the second gas distributor (15)；And
Optional first deflector (17) is arranged at the nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet (01).
4. equipment for denitrifying flue gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the equipment for denitrifying flue gas further includes catalyst Supply unit, the catalyst supply unit are connected with the catalyst inlet (02), are additionally provided in the flue gas adsorption chamber First catalyst distributor (18), first catalyst distributor (18) are connected and are arranged with the catalyst inlet (02) The lower section of the catalyst inlet (02).
5. equipment for denitrifying flue gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the side wall of flue gas reduction room includes：
Second flaring wall (31), the also Primordial Qi entrance (04) are arranged at the beginning of the second flaring wall (31)；
Second tapered wall (32) is oppositely arranged with the second flaring wall (31), and the nitrogen outlet (07) setting is affiliated the The end of two tapered walls (32)；And
Second major side wall (33) is connected between the second flaring wall (31) and the second tapered wall (32).
6. equipment for denitrifying flue gas according to claim 5, which is characterized in that flue gas reduction interior is provided with：
Third gas distributor (34) is fixed at the connection of the second flaring wall (31) and second major side wall (33) Place；
4th gas distributor (35) is fixed at the connection of second tapered wall (32) and second major side wall (33) Place；
Reaction zone (36) is arranged between the third gas distributor (34) and the 4th gas distributor (35)；And
Optional second deflector (37), setting is at the also Primordial Qi entrance (04).
7. equipment for denitrifying flue gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that flue gas reduction interior is additionally provided with second Catalyst distributor (38), second catalyst distributor (38) are connected and are arranged with the absorption rear catalyst entrance (05) Below the absorption rear catalyst entrance (05).
8. equipment for denitrifying flue gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the equipment for denitrifying flue gas further includes catalyst Clean unit, the catalyst cleaning unit connection setting are catalyzed behind absorption rear catalyst outlet (03) and the absorption Between agent entrance (05).
9. equipment for denitrifying flue gas according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the catalyst cleaning unit includes：
Separator (21) is shaken, connection setting is in absorption rear catalyst outlet (03) and the absorption rear catalyst entrance (05) between, and the vibrations separator (21) has nitrogen-sealed valve.
10. equipment for denitrifying flue gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogen-containing oxide smoke inlet (01), It is catalyzed after the catalyst inlet (02), absorption rear catalyst outlet (03), also Primordial Qi entrance (04), the absorption Agent entrance (05) and catalyst outlet (06) are configured with flow control valve each independently.
11. a kind of denitration method for flue gas, which is characterized in that using catalyst, using described in any one of claims 1 to 10 Equipment for denitrifying flue gas adsorbs flue gas and is restored to realize denitration successively.
12. denitration method for flue gas according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the catalyst is catalyzed for low-temperature denitration Agent, the low-temperature denitration catalyst are activated carbon, ferrum-based catalyst or molecular sieve catalyst, and the preferably described catalyst is that grain size exists The pellet type catalyst of 500 μm~10mm, further preferred rate travel and institute of the catalyst in the flue gas adsorption chamber It states catalyst and restores the rate travel of room each independently between 0.05m/h~0.6m/s in the flue gas.
13. denitration method for flue gas according to claim 11, which is characterized in that in the flue gas adsorption chamber, the catalysis Agent adsorb the flue gas temperature be 150~350 DEG C, preferably along the thickness of catalyst described in the flow of flue gas direction be 1~ 4m, it is 0.5~3s that the flue gas, which passes through the time of the adsorption zone of the flue gas adsorption chamber,；The flue gas reduction is indoor, described to urge The temperature that agent restores the flue gas is 150~350 DEG C, and preferably the thickness along catalyst described in the reduction flow of air direction is 1~4m, it is 0.5~3s that the flue gas, which passes through the time of the reaction zone of flue gas reduction room,.
14. denitration method for flue gas according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the also Primordial Qi is H2、CH4Or CO, preferably The flow resistance of the also Primordial Qi is 200~1000Pa, and the flow resistance of the flue gas is 200~1000Pa.
CN201810169237.0A 2018-02-28 2018-02-28 Flue gas denitration device and flue gas denitration method Active CN108421413B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1033508A (en) * 1987-12-15 1989-06-28 包头钢铁公司环境保护研究所 Dry cleaning contains the method and apparatus that mixes the harmful components flue gas
CN201692766U (en) * 2010-03-19 2011-01-05 东南大学 Device for removing hazardous constituents from cement kiln flue gas by utilizing cross-flow moving bed
CN105107379A (en) * 2015-08-20 2015-12-02 山东大学 All-carbon flue gas denitrification system and method
CN106731823A (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-05-31 山东大学 A kind of fan housing formula subregion Benitration reactor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1033508A (en) * 1987-12-15 1989-06-28 包头钢铁公司环境保护研究所 Dry cleaning contains the method and apparatus that mixes the harmful components flue gas
CN201692766U (en) * 2010-03-19 2011-01-05 东南大学 Device for removing hazardous constituents from cement kiln flue gas by utilizing cross-flow moving bed
CN105107379A (en) * 2015-08-20 2015-12-02 山东大学 All-carbon flue gas denitrification system and method
CN106731823A (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-05-31 山东大学 A kind of fan housing formula subregion Benitration reactor

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