CN108418540A - A self-cleaning photovoltaic system and its control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to photovoltaic technology field, disclose a kind of automatic cleaning type photovoltaic system, including photovoltaic module, holder, control device, electric energy saves dress, falling-rising volt circuit, it further include the cleaning device for cleaning photovoltaic module surface, and the rainwater recovery device for recycling rainwater on photovoltaic panel component, this photovoltaic system is coordinated using cleaning device and rainwater recovery device, to carry out irregular cleaning to the collect dust on photovoltaic module surface, to avoid photovoltaic module because dust stops the reception to sunray, it generates electricity to can ensure that entire photovoltaic system always can most preferably obtain solar energy；This bright control method for additionally providing automatic cleaning type photovoltaic system can make photovoltaic system more intelligent in cleaning, reduce unnecessary cleaning action by this control method.

Description

A self-cleaning photovoltaic system and its control method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, in particular to an automatic cleaning photovoltaic system and a control method thereof.

Background technique

At present, with the progress of science and technology, people are using more and more sunlight, and now people's demand for electric energy is increasing. The traditional power generation equipment mainly includes: wind energy, water energy, fire energy and solar energy, etc. Especially for solar power generation equipment nowadays, photovoltaic panels are mainly installed in open spaces, roofs and other places that can receive a lot of sunlight, and photovoltaic panels are used to receive solar energy. However, after a period of use, photovoltaic panels often have a large amount of dust Dust needs to be cleaned, and most of the existing cleaning needs to be carried out manually with cleaning tools, which is not only labor-intensive, but also inefficient. In view of this, the inventor has made a new improvement.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-cleaning photovoltaic system and its control method for the deficiencies of the prior art. The photovoltaic system can automatically clean according to the state of the photovoltaic panels, so as to ensure that the photovoltaic panels can always receive sunlight directly to the greatest extent. , to ensure the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

To achieve the above object, a self-cleaning photovoltaic system of the present invention includes: a photovoltaic module for receiving solar energy; a bracket for installing the photovoltaic module on the bracket; a controller device for at least controlling the photovoltaic module; The storage device is used to store and convert electric energy; the step-down and boost circuit is connected to the controller device and the electric energy storage device, and also includes a cleaning device for cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic module, and rainwater used for recycling rainwater on the photovoltaic panel assembly When the recovery device and the cleaning device are working, the rainwater recovery device cooperates with spraying water on the photovoltaic modules.

Further, the cleaning device includes a first guide rail and a second guide rail respectively arranged on both sides of the photovoltaic module, a first force-bearing frame is arranged above the first guide rail, and a second force-bearing frame is arranged above the second guide rail. The first force frame is connected with a first power wheel that can move along the first guide rail, and the second force frame is connected with a second power wheel that can move along the second guide rail; it also includes a rotary cleaning assembly and a first drive mechanism One end of the rotating cleaning assembly is movably connected to the first force frame through a bearing, the other end of the rotating cleaning assembly is movably connected to the second force frame through a bearing, and the first drive mechanism simultaneously drives the rotating cleaning assembly and First power wheel.

Preferably, the first driving mechanism includes a motor and a primary and secondary gear connected to the output of the motor, and the primary and secondary gears respectively drive the first power wheel and the rotary cleaning assembly.

Preferably, the second force frame is also connected with a second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism has the same structure as the first driving mechanism and is electrically controlled synchronously.

Preferably, the rotary cleaning assembly includes a roller and a central shaft, the central shaft passes through the roller and is fixedly connected with the roller, a number of cleaning contacts are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the roller, and the central shaft is at least One end is provided with a first driven gear, and the first driven gear meshes with the primary and secondary gears.

Further, the rainwater recovery device includes a first filter tank, the first filter tank is provided with a rainwater recovery channel and a water inlet arranged in the rainwater recovery channel, the bottom of the first filter tank is provided with a cleaning valve, and the first The side of the filter tank is provided with a second filter tank, the upper part of the first filter tank is provided with an overflow port communicating with the second filter tank, and a filter assembly is arranged in the second filter tank, and the second filter tank The upper part is provided with a water pipe, and the water pipe is connected with a water storage tank, and the water storage tank is provided with a pumping device.

Preferably, the water inlet is provided with an automatic water inlet mechanism, the automatic water inlet mechanism includes a door body and a sealant arranged around the door body, one end of the door body is hinged to the side of the water inlet, and the rainwater An elastic member for supporting the door body to close the water inlet is arranged below the recovery channel.

Preferably, the water inlet is provided with an automatic water inlet mechanism, the automatic water inlet mechanism includes a circular door body and a sealant arranged on the periphery of the door body, the door body is provided with a hinge shaft, and the hinge shaft An elastic member for closing the water inlet is pierced, and the hinge shaft is hinged to the side of the water inlet.

Further, the photovoltaic module is provided with a sensor for detecting dust coverage, and the sensor is electrically connected with the controller device.

In the photovoltaic system control method described above, when the sensor detects that the dust covered on the surface of the photovoltaic module exceeds a preset thickness, the cleaning device and the rainwater recovery device are activated to clean the surface.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: a self-cleaning photovoltaic system, including a photovoltaic module, a bracket, a controller device, an electric energy storage device, a step-down circuit, a cleaning device for cleaning the surface of a photovoltaic module, and a recycling The rainwater recovery device for rainwater on the photovoltaic panel components. This photovoltaic system uses the cleaning device and the rainwater recovery device to cooperate, so as to clean the accumulated dust on the surface of the photovoltaic components irregularly, so as to avoid the photovoltaic components from blocking the sun’s rays due to dust. In this way, it can ensure that the entire photovoltaic system can always optimally obtain solar energy for power generation; the present invention also provides a control method for an automatic cleaning photovoltaic system, through which the photovoltaic system can be cleaned more intelligently and unnecessary cleaning can be reduced action.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the cleaning device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first end cap of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the cleaning device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the rainwater recovery device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic water inlet mechanism of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the automatic water inlet mechanism of the present invention

Reference signs include:

Photovoltaic module--1, controller device--2, electric energy storage device--3, step-down and boost circuit--4, cleaning device--5, first guide rail--51, second guide rail--52, second guide rail--52, One force frame--53, the second force frame--54, the first power wheel--55, the second power wheel--56, the rotating cleaning assembly--57, the roller--571, the center shaft-- 572, cleaning contacts--573, first driven gear--574, first driving mechanism--58, motor--581, primary and secondary gear--582, second driving mechanism--59, rainwater recovery device-- 6. The first filter pool--61, cleaning valve--611, overflow port--612, ore particles--613, airtight door--614, rainwater recovery channel--62, water inlet--621, the second Filter pool--63, water pipe--631, filter assembly--64, Z-shaped channel--641, water storage tank--65, pumping device--66, water inlet pipe--661, water pump--662, delivery Water pipe--663, automatic water inlet mechanism--67, door body--671, sealant--672, elastic part--673, hinge shaft--674.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings 1 to 7 .

A self-cleaning photovoltaic system of the present invention includes: a photovoltaic module 1 for receiving solar energy; a bracket for installing the photovoltaic module on the bracket; a controller device 2 for at least controlling the photovoltaic module; an electric energy storage device 3. It is used to store and convert electric energy; the step-down and boost circuit 4 is connected to the controller device 2 and the electric energy storage device 3, and also includes a cleaning device 5 for cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic module, and for recovering rainwater on the photovoltaic panel assembly rainwater recovery device 6, when the cleaning device is working, the rainwater recovery device 6 cooperates to spray water on the photovoltaic module 1; The step-down and boost circuit is connected to the electric energy storage device 3. When it rains, the rainwater recovery device 6 is used to recycle and store the rainwater. When the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic module or the oily particles in the atmosphere accumulate more, it will affect the photovoltaic module. The module receives solar light energy. At this time, start the rainwater recovery device to spray rainwater on the surface of the photovoltaic module, and then use the cleaning device to clean the surface of the photovoltaic module, so as to ensure a better light receiving state for the surface treatment of the photovoltaic module.

In this technical solution, the cleaning device 5 includes a first guide rail 51 and a second guide rail 52 respectively arranged on both sides of the photovoltaic module, a first force bearing frame 53 is arranged above the first guide rail 51, and the second guide rail 52 is provided with a second force frame 54, the first force frame 53 is connected with the first power wheel 55 that can move along the first guide rail 51, and the second force frame is connected with the first power wheel 55 that can move along the second guide rail 52. Two power wheels 56; also include a rotary cleaning assembly 57 and a first drive mechanism 58, one end of the rotary cleaning assembly 57 is movably connected with the first force frame 53 through a bearing, and the other end of the rotary cleaning assembly 57 is connected with the bearing through a bearing The second force frame 54 is movably connected, and the first driving mechanism 58 simultaneously drives the rotating cleaning assembly 57 and the first power wheel 55 . When the cleaning device is working, the first driving mechanism 58 is used to synchronously drive the rotating cleaning assembly 57 to clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and at the same time, it can also synchronously drive the entire cleaning device to advance, thereby avoiding the danger of manual work at heights on the roof and reducing The labor intensity of the workers is reduced, and the cleaning speed is fast and the efficiency is high.

Specifically, the first driving mechanism 58 includes a motor 581 and a pinion gear 582 connected to the output of the motor 581 , and the pinion gear 582 drives the first power wheel 55 and the rotary cleaning assembly 57 respectively.

In this technical solution, the second force-bearing frame 54 is also connected with a second driving mechanism 59 , and the second driving mechanism 59 has the same structure as the first driving mechanism 58 and is electrically controlled synchronously. Two driving mechanisms can make the whole cleaning speed faster and the movement more labor-saving.

In this technical solution, the rotary cleaning assembly 57 includes a roller 571 and a central shaft 572, the central shaft 572 passes through the roller 571 and is fixedly connected with the roller 571, and the circumferential surface of the roller 571 is evenly distributed with For several cleaning contacts 573 , at least one end of the central shaft 572 is provided with a first driven gear 574 , and the first driven gear 574 meshes with the primary and secondary gears 582 . When working, the roller 571 is driven by the central shaft 572, and the cleaning contact 573 is a brush or an antistatic cloth strip. The brush or anti-static cloth strip is in contact with the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and when combined with the water spray pipe installed on the photovoltaic panel to spray water, the brush or electrostatic cloth strip cleans the dust accumulated on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel The surface is clean, which can maximize the effect of absorbing light energy.

The rainwater recovery device includes a first filter tank 61, the first filter tank 61 is provided with a rainwater recovery channel 62 and a water inlet 621 arranged in the rainwater recovery channel 62, the bottom of the first filter tank 61 is provided with a cleaning valve 611, The side of the first filter tank 61 is provided with a second filter tank 63, the upper part of the first filter tank 61 is provided with an overflow port 612 communicating with the second filter tank 63, and the second filter tank 63 is provided with There is a filter assembly 64, the top of the second filter tank 63 is provided with a water pipe 631, and the water pipe 631 is connected with a water storage tank 65, and the water storage tank 65 is provided with a pumping device 66; when the recovery device is in use, The rainwater on the photovoltaic panel is collected by the pipeline and passes through the rainwater recovery channel 62, and then enters the first filter tank 61 from the water inlet 621 for filtration and sedimentation. When the water in the water inlet 621 reaches a certain height, it automatically overflows from the overflow port 612 In the second filter tank 63, filter for the second time. After the water in the second filter tank 63 is stored to a certain height, it flows into the water storage tank 65. When cleaning, the water in the water storage tank 65 is extracted by a pump device It can be used in the photovoltaic field.

Apparently, this recovery device uses the first filter pool 61 and the second filter pool 63 to recycle and filter the rainwater from the photovoltaic panel, so as to obtain relatively clean rainwater. When the photovoltaic panel needs to be cleaned, the recovered and filtered rainwater can be directly used The rainwater is used for cleaning, thereby achieving the purpose of saving water resources.

In order to improve the purification effect, the first filter pool 61 is filled with a number of ore particles 613 for purifying rainwater, and the side of the first filter pool 61 is provided with an airtight door 614 . The ore particles 613 can be withdrawn or increased through the airtight door 614, and the airtight door 614 has sealing properties to prevent rainwater from leaking. The ore particles 613 can be magnetic ore, so that the dust in the rainwater can be absorbed. After absorbing to a certain degree, the airtight door 614 can be opened and withdrawn for cleaning.

In order to better realize the first purification of the overflowing water, the height of the filled ore grains 613 reaches the H level, and the height of the overflow port 612 is lower than the H level. In this way, foreign matter floating on the water level can be prevented from directly flowing into the second filter tank 63 from the overflow port 612 .

As this embodiment, the water inlet 621 is provided with an automatic water inlet mechanism 67, the automatic water inlet mechanism 67 includes a door body 671 and a sealant 672 arranged on the periphery of the door body 671, one end of the door body 671 is hinged Next to the water inlet 621 , an elastic member 673 for supporting the door body 671 to close the water inlet 621 is disposed below the rainwater recovery channel 62 . The elastic member 673 is a spring. In this embodiment, when relatively small rainwater passes through the rainwater recovery channel 62 and the gravity of the rainwater is less than the reset force of the elastic member 673, the water inlet 621 is closed. The rainwater contains a lot of dust, so that it is not necessary to recycle the small amount of rainwater containing a lot of dust, so as not to increase the filtering efficiency; , the water inlet 621 is opened, at this time, larger rainwater can be recycled, and after a small amount of rainwater takes away most of the dust, the dust in a large amount of rainwater is obviously reduced, and the efficiency of filtration can be improved to the greatest extent.

As another embodiment, the water inlet 621 is provided with an automatic water inlet mechanism 67, and the automatic water inlet mechanism 67 includes a circular door body 671 and a sealant 672 arranged on the periphery of the door body 671, the door body 671 is provided with a hinge shaft 674 , the hinge shaft 674 is pierced with an elastic member 673 for closing the water inlet 621 , the elastic member 673 is a torsion spring, and the hinge shaft 674 is hinged to the side of the water inlet 621 . The automatic water inlet mechanism 67 is basically the same as the previous embodiment, and the difference is that the structure is simpler, which can prevent the elastic member 673 from being in contact with rainwater to the greatest extent, and has a longer service life.

Obviously, when there is a large amount of rainwater, the amount of dust attached to it will be significantly greater than that of a small amount of rainwater under the effects of impact and flow velocity. Further, the filter assembly 64 includes a first filter frame, a second filter frame, a third filter frame, a fourth filter frame and a fifth filter frame arranged in sequence, the first filter frame, the second filter frame, A Z-shaped channel 641 is sequentially formed between the third filter frame, the fourth filter frame and the fifth filter frame. Through the above method, when a large amount of rainwater enters the second filter tank 63, the rainwater can be distributed and filtered through the Z-shaped channel 641, so as to avoid the rainwater from being too concentrated in the first filter frame for filtering, and when the water volume is small, the rainwater will be filtered. Multi-stage filtering is performed through the first filter box, the second filter box, the third filter box, the fourth filter box and the fifth filter box in sequence.

In this technical solution, the pumping device 66 includes a water inlet pipe 661, a water pump 662 and a water delivery pipe 663. The water inlet pipe 661 and the water delivery pipe 663 are connected to the water pump 662 respectively, and the water intake end of the water inlet pipe 661 is located in the water storage tank. Middle of 65. When water is needed, use the water pump 662 to extract the water in the water storage tank 65, so that the photovoltaic panel can be flushed and cleaned; of course, as a further improvement, a water supply valve can be added to the water storage tank 65, and a water supply pipe can be connected. When the recovered rainwater in the water storage pipe is insufficient, it can be supplemented directly by the replenishment pipe.

In order to further acquire the coverage of dust on the surface of the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module is provided with a sensor for detecting dust coverage, and the sensor is electrically connected to the controller device. The sensor is installed on the bottom of the photovoltaic panel, and one of the transparent areas of the photovoltaic panel is used for detection. When the surface of the photovoltaic panel is covered with dust, the sensor detects the distance from the dust, that is, the surface dust coverage is relatively large, so the controller device Control the cleaning device and the rainwater recovery device to work for cleaning.

A photovoltaic system control method as described above, when the sensor detects that the dust covered on the surface of the photovoltaic module exceeds a preset thickness, the cleaning device and the rainwater recovery device are activated to clean the surface. When the thickness is certain, the cleaning device and the rainwater recovery device are automatically triggered to clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

The above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. limits.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of automatic cleaning type photovoltaic system, including：

Photovoltaic module, for receiving solar energy；

Photovoltaic module is installed on holder by holder；

Control device is at least used to control photovoltaic module；

Electric energy saves device, the electric energy for saving conversion；

Falling-rising volt circuit, connects control device and electric energy saves device,

It is characterized in that：Further include the cleaning device for cleaning photovoltaic module surface, and for recycling photovoltaic panel component The rainwater recovery device of rainwater, when cleaning device works, rainwater recovery device cooperation sprays water to photovoltaic module.

2. a kind of automatic cleaning type photovoltaic system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cleaning device includes point It is not set to the first guide rail and the second guide rail of photovoltaic module both sides, the first stress frame is provided with above the first guide rail, it is described Be provided with the second stress frame above second guide rail, the first stress frame be connected with can along the first power wheel that the first guide rail moves, Two stress frames be connected with can be along the second power wheel that the second guide rail moves；Further include spin-cleaning component and the first driving machine One end of structure, the spin-cleaning component is flexibly connected by bearing with the first stress frame, the spin-cleaning component it is another End is flexibly connected by bearing with the second stress frame, and first driving mechanism drives spin-cleaning component and the first power simultaneously Wheel.

3. a kind of automatic cleaning type photovoltaic system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The first driving mechanism packet It includes motor and is connected to the primary and secondary gear of motor output, primary and secondary gear respectively drives the first power wheel and spin-cleaning component.

4. a kind of automatic cleaning type photovoltaic system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Second stress frame also connects It is connected to the second driving mechanism, second driving mechanism is identical as the structure of the first driving mechanism and synchronizes electrical control.

5. a kind of automatic cleaning type photovoltaic system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The spin-cleaning component packet Roller and central shaft are included, the central shaft passes through roller and is fixedly connected with roller, if the circumferential surface of the roller is evenly equipped with Dry cleaning contact, the central shaft at least one end are provided with the first driven gear, and first driven gear is nibbled with primary and secondary gear It closes.

6. a kind of automatic cleaning type photovoltaic system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The rainwater recovery device packet The first filtering ponds are included, the first filtering ponds are provided with rainwater recycle channel and are set to the water inlet in rainwater recycle channel, and described The bottom of one filtering ponds is provided with clearing valve, and the side of first filtering ponds is provided with the second filtering ponds, first filtering Pond top is provided with the overflow port communicated with the second filtering ponds, is provided with filter assemblies in second filtering ponds, and described second The top of filtering ponds was provided with water pipe, and the water pipe of crossing is connected with tank, and the tank is provided with pump and carries device.

7. a kind of automatic cleaning type photovoltaic system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The water inlet is provided with certainly Dynamic water intake mechanism, the automatic feeding water mechanism include door body and are set to the fluid sealant on door body week edge, one end hinge of the door body It is connected to water inlet side, is provided with below the rainwater recycle channel and is used to support the elastic component that door body closes water inlet.

8. a kind of automatic cleaning type photovoltaic system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The water inlet is provided with certainly Dynamic water intake mechanism, the automatic feeding water mechanism include circular door body and are set to the fluid sealant on door body week edge, and the door body is set It is equipped with articulated shaft, the articulated shaft is equipped with the elastic component for closing water inlet, and the articulated shaft is articulated with the side of water inlet Side.

9. according to a kind of automatic cleaning type photovoltaic system of claim 1~8 any one of them, it is characterised in that：The photovoltaic Component is provided with the sensor for detecting dust covering, and the sensor is electrically connected with control device.

10. a kind of photovoltaic system control method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：When sensor detects photovoltaic group When the dust of part surface covering is more than preset thickness, cleaning device and rainwater recovery device are actuated for surface cleaning.