CN108417652A - A kind of low cost photovoltaic waterproof roll and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of inexpensive photovoltaic waterproof rolls and preparation method thereof, the photovoltaic waterproof roll includes at least hot melt adhesive encapsulated layer, photovoltaic cell layer, waterproof roll layer from top to bottom, self-cleaning coat or super-hydrophilic coating can also be sprayed on hot melt adhesive encapsulated layer, or processing forms toughened glass layer and the self-cleaning coat on toughened glass layer or super-hydrophilic coating on hot melt adhesive encapsulated layer, is adhesively fixed between each layer.Present invention eliminates the PET backboards in conventional photovoltaic solar panel, using waterproof roll as its backboard, directly photovoltaic battery panel is pasted onto on waterproof roll, not only have compressed cost reduction coil thickness, and reduce bonding layer number reduce infiltration probability, the excellent electrical insulating property of waterproof roll and water proofing property are taken full advantage of, service life and electricity conversion is greatly improved.

Description

A low-cost photovoltaic waterproof roll and its preparation method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, in particular to a low-cost photovoltaic waterproof coiled material and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Photovoltaic waterproof membrane is a new type of product that has both the waterproofness of waterproof and heat-insulating membrane and the function of photovoltaic device solar power generation. At present, there are still many problems with similar photovoltaic waterproof membrane products on the market. For example, when installing, the photovoltaic panel and waterproof membrane are often fixed together by perforating and bolting, which not only increases the construction complexity but also greatly reduces the waterproofness; The other is to directly use the combination of flexible photovoltaic cells and waterproof membranes. Although the construction is simple, the flexible photovoltaic panels used have problems such as high cost, low photoelectric conversion rate, and low economic benefits, which limit its promotion. application.

The photovoltaic waterproof coiled material of the present invention directly uses the waterproof coiled material as the photovoltaic cell backboard, which reduces the cost, reduces the thickness of the coiled material, reduces the adhesive layer, and reduces the probability of water seepage. The obtained photovoltaic waterproof coiled material has a long service life and high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in existing photovoltaic waterproof rolls, and to provide a novel, low-cost photovoltaic waterproof roll and a preparation method thereof. The method of the present invention cancels the PET backsheet in the traditional photovoltaic battery board, and directly pastes the photovoltaic battery board on the waterproof membrane, which has the advantages of low cost, simple construction, etc., and the obtained photovoltaic waterproof membrane has a long service life and high photoelectric conversion efficiency , Good waterproof performance, wide application range. In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A low-cost photovoltaic waterproof membrane, which includes a photovoltaic power generation layer and a waterproof membrane layer from top to bottom, wherein the photovoltaic power generation layer includes a hot melt adhesive packaging layer and a photovoltaic cell layer from top to bottom, and the layers are bonded and fixed.

According to the above scheme, the waterproof coiled material layer is selected from one of TPO waterproof coiled material, PVC waterproof coiled material, polyethylene polypropylene fiber coiled material, EVA coiled material, and high-density polyethylene coiled material.

According to the above solution, the hot-melt adhesive encapsulation layer is formed by heat-compression bonding of modified EVA hot-melt adhesive. The EVA film formed by hot-melt adhesive packaging has the advantages of high volume resistivity, high permeability, low yellowing rate, etc., and at the same time improves the photoelectric conversion rate of the battery pack.

According to the above solution, the photovoltaic cell layer is composed of single crystal silicon cells. The selected monocrystalline silicon cell is an ideal photovoltaic power generation material, which has higher cell conversion efficiency and good stability than traditional polycrystalline silicon cells or popular amorphous silicon thin film cells.

According to the above scheme, the low-cost photovoltaic waterproof roll material also includes a self-cleaning coating or a super-hydrophilic coating disposed on the hot-melt adhesive encapsulation layer, or a tempered glass layer disposed on the hot-melt adhesive encapsulation layer and a Self-cleaning or superhydrophilic coatings on top of the glass layer. The tempered glass is ultra-clear rolled tempered glass, which has high strength and light transmittance.

According to the above solution, the photovoltaic cell layer is connected with an h-shaped connector for leading out generated electricity, and the h-shaped connector is sealed and fixed by waterproof glue.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned low-cost photovoltaic waterproof membrane includes the following steps: (a) encapsulating the monocrystalline silicon cells on the waterproof membrane with hot-melt adhesive; (b) cleaning the surface of the building base, positioning and determining the reference line, and The waterproof membrane is fixedly connected with the building base.

According to the above scheme, the waterproof membrane layer is selected from one of TPO waterproof membranes, PVC waterproof membranes, polyethylene polypropylene membranes, EVA membranes, and high-density polyethylene membranes. The modified EVA hot-melt adhesive is used to encapsulate the coils, and the monocrystalline silicon cells are connected to the h-shaped connectors.

According to the above scheme, the surface of the hot melt adhesive encapsulation layer obtained in step (a) is also sprayed with a superhydrophilic coating or a superhydrophobic self-cleaning coating.

According to the above scheme, before step (a), it also includes spraying a super-hydrophilic coating or a super-hydrophobic self-cleaning coating on the surface of the tempered glass, and then passing the tempered glass and the monocrystalline silicon battery sheet through hot melting in order from top to bottom. The glue is encapsulated on the waterproof membrane.

According to the above scheme, the waterproof membrane and the building base are bonded with glue, bonded with self-adhesive waterproof membrane, and physically fixed (screws). The construction process includes cold bonding and electric heating. The glue can be EPDM waterproof membrane adhesive or mixed solvent HG-88-1 adhesive. As an alternative, the self-adhesive waterproof membrane can be directly attached to the base of the building after the isolation layer is removed, which greatly reduces the difficulty of construction. Using matching adhesives, the construction method of pasting the coiled material on the base layer with cold work is called the cold bonding method. The electric heating method refers to heating the waterproof coiled material with a fire to make the surface part melt and produce stickiness, and then stick it to the building. method at the base level.

In application scenarios that do not require high mechanical strength, tempered glass can be eliminated, and photovoltaic panels can be directly encapsulated on waterproof membranes. If the tempered glass layer is retained, a super-hydrophilic coating or a super-hydrophobic self-cleaning coating can also be coated on the surface of the tempered glass layer. The super-hydrophilic coating contains nano-materials (TiO ₂ ) with photocatalytic activity, which can absorb light of a certain wavelength and generate free electrons and holes, so that the pollutants adsorbed on the film surface undergo redox decomposition, thereby removing And kill the microbes on the surface to achieve the purpose of self-cleaning. The super-hydrophobic self-cleaning coating includes a silicone resin nano-coating and a fluorocarbon nano-coating. The silicone resin nano-coating is attached to the surface of the tempered glass, and its hydrophobic properties and coating particles fill up the invisible surface of the naked eye. The uneven small pores and capillary pores make the surface of the material smooth and even, so that it also has a strong repelling effect on water and has a certain self-cleaning ability.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The PET back sheet in the traditional photovoltaic panel is canceled, and the photovoltaic panel is directly pasted on the waterproof membrane, and the waterproof membrane is used as the backsheet, which not only reduces the cost and reduces the thickness of the membrane, but also reduces the stickiness. The number of layers is reduced and the chance of water seepage is reduced, while making full use of the excellent electrical insulation and water resistance of the waterproof membrane;

(2) In some places where the mechanical strength is not high, the tempered glass layer can be removed, and the photovoltaic panel can be directly packaged on the waterproof membrane, which is conducive to further reducing production costs;

3) In the case of retaining the tempered glass layer, the surface is coated with a super-hydrophilic coating or a super-hydrophobic self-cleaning coating, which can improve the surface light transmittance and help improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency;

(4) The process is simple and cost-effective, material-saving, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and can be used for roofs or agricultural greenhouses, etc., with a wide range of applications;

(5) EVA self-adhesive waterproof membrane is used for convenient construction, high bonding strength, excellent weather resistance and low failure rate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of low-cost photovoltaic waterproof roll material of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic power generation layer of the low-cost photovoltaic waterproof membrane of the present invention (a- with glass layer and coating, b- only coating, c- no glass layer and coating).

Among them, 1-photovoltaic power generation layer, 2-adhesive layer a, 3-waterproof membrane layer, 4-adhesive layer b, 5-building base, 6-connector, 1-1 superhydrophilic coating or superhydrophobic Self-cleaning coating, 1-2 layers of tempered glass, 1-3 layers of hot melt adhesive packaging, 1-4 layers of monocrystalline silicon cells.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention, further description will be given below in conjunction with specific examples.

A low-cost photovoltaic waterproof membrane as shown in Figure 1-2, including a photovoltaic power generation layer and a waterproof membrane layer, wherein the photovoltaic power generation layer includes at least a hot melt adhesive packaging layer and a single crystal silicon cell layer (2-c) , you can also add superhydrophilic coating/superhydrophobic self-cleaning coating (2-b) or superhydrophilic coating/superhydrophobic self-cleaning coating and tempered glass layer (2-a) according to the situation. Each layer is fixedly connected by glue or self-adhesive waterproof membrane. The positive and negative poles of the monocrystalline silicon battery pack are connected to the connector. The positive and negative pole wires adopt a closed male and female quick interface. Attached to a waterproofing membrane, it is rolled and autoclaved to make the layers tightly bonded.

Example 1

Step 1: First, apply a super-hydrophilic coating (such as a super-hydrophilic _SiO2 solution) on the surface of the ultra-clear rolled tempered glass by spraying;

Step 2: Next, encapsulate the tempered glass and monocrystalline silicon cells obtained in Step 1 on the TPO waterproof membrane through modified EVA hot melt adhesive (components include EVA resin, tackifier, viscosity modifier and antioxidant) finished product;

Step 3: Clean the surface of the base layer of the building, position and then pop the reference line;

Step 4: Coat the back of the waterproof membrane obtained in step 2 with a waterproof membrane adhesive of 0.1-0.5mm, spread it on the building base, roll out the air bubbles in the adhesive layer, and wait for the adhesive layer to dry completely to complete the production of the project . In this way, a low-cost photovoltaic waterproof membrane as shown in Figure 2-a is produced.

Example 2

Step 1: Encapsulate the monocrystalline silicon cell on the TPO photovoltaic waterproof membrane by hot-melt adhesive and hot-pressing to make the ex-factory product.

Step 2: Clean up the surface of the base layer of the building, position and bounce the reference line.

Step 3: Coat one side of the TPO waterproof membrane with EPDM waterproof membrane adhesive or mixed solvent HG-88-1 type adhesive, then spread it on the building base, roll out the bubbles of the adhesive layer, and wait for the glue After the layer is completely dry, the project is completed.

Example 3

Step 1: Prepare a super-hydrophilic coating on the surface of the tempered glass by spraying.

Step 2: Encapsulate the super-hydrophilic and self-cleaning tempered glass and the monocrystalline silicon cells prepared in Step 1 on the self-adhesive waterproof roll material by hot-melt adhesive to obtain a finished product.

Step 3: Clean up the surface of the base layer of the building, position and bounce the reference line.

Step 4: Tear off the back film of the self-adhesive waterproof membrane, spread it on the building base, and roll out the air between the waterproof membrane and the building base. The production of the project can be completed.

Example 4

Step 1: Encapsulate the monocrystalline silicon cell on the TPO waterproof membrane by hot-melt adhesive and hot-pressing.

Step 2: Prepare a super-hydrophilic self-cleaning coating on the surface of the hot-melt adhesive encapsulation layer obtained in Step 1 by spraying to obtain a finished product.

Step 3: Coat one side of the TPO waterproof membrane with EPDM waterproof membrane adhesive or mixed solvent HG-88-1 type adhesive, then spread it on the building base, roll out the bubbles of the adhesive layer, and wait for the glue After the layer is dry, the construction can be completed.

Example 5

The photovoltaic waterproof membrane prepared in Example 2 is pre-spread on the building base, and the surface is partially melted by hot fire heating to produce stickiness, and then bonded to the building base.

Example 6

For application scenarios such as the roof of a factory building or the roof of a large shed, the photovoltaic waterproof member with the structure of Embodiment 1-5 can be fixed on the roof or shed roof by perforating and screwing. The hole position is filled with waterproof glue to restore its waterproof performance.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of low cost photovoltaic waterproof roll, it is characterised in that：The photovoltaic waterproof roll includes photovoltaic generation layer from top to bottom With waterproof roll layer, the photovoltaic generation layer includes hot melt adhesive encapsulated layer, photovoltaic cell layer from top to bottom, is bonded between each layer solid It is fixed.

2. a kind of inexpensive photovoltaic waterproof roll as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The waterproof roll layer choosing is certainly One kind in TPO waterproof rolls, PVC waterproof rolls, polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet, EVA coiled materials, high density polyethylene (HDPE) coiled material.

3. a kind of inexpensive photovoltaic waterproof roll as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The hot melt adhesive encapsulated layer is by changing Property EVA hot-melt adhesive hot pressing forms.

4. a kind of inexpensive photovoltaic waterproof roll as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The photovoltaic cell layer is by monocrystalline Silicon cell is constituted.

5. a kind of inexpensive photovoltaic waterproof roll as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Photovoltaic cell layer is connect with H type Device is connected, and the H type connector is sealed by marine glue and fixed.

6. a kind of inexpensive photovoltaic waterproof roll as described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：The low cost optical It further includes the self-cleaning coat or super-hydrophilic coating being arranged on hot melt adhesive encapsulated layer to lie prostrate waterproof roll；Or setting is sealed in hot melt adhesive It is super to fill the toughened glass layer on layer and the self-cleaning coat on toughened glass layer or super-hydrophilic coating, the tempered glass White calendering tempered glass.

7. a kind of preparation method of low cost photovoltaic waterproof roll, which is characterized in that include the following steps：

(a) Monocrystalline silicon cell piece is encapsulated in by way of hot melt adhesive hot pressing on waterproof roll；

(b) cleaning building substrate surface positions and determines datum line, and waterproof roll is fixedly connected with building base.

8. a kind of preparation method of inexpensive photovoltaic waterproof roll as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：The waterproof volume Material layer choosing is from one in TPO waterproof rolls, PVC waterproof rolls, polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet, EVA coiled materials, high density polyethylene (HDPE) coiled material Kind, it is encapsulated using modified EVA hot-melt adhesive between Monocrystalline silicon cell piece and waterproof roll, Monocrystalline silicon cell piece and H type connector phase Even.

9. a kind of preparation method of inexpensive photovoltaic waterproof roll as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：In step (a) Gained hot melt adhesive encapsulation layer surface is also coated with super-hydrophilic coating or super-hydrophobic self-cleaning coating.

10. a kind of preparation method of inexpensive photovoltaic waterproof roll as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：In step (a) Further include in tempered glass surface spraying super-hydrophilic coating or super-hydrophobic self-cleaning coating, then by tempered glass and monocrystalline silicon before Cell piece is encapsulated in by hot melt adhesive on waterproof roll in accordance with the order from top to bottom, and wherein tempered glass is that ultrawhite rolls tempering Glass.