CN108403235B

CN108403235B - Oral implant and oral implant assembly

Info

Publication number: CN108403235B
Application number: CN201810260541.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐凯; 吴海源; 宋洪广; 董骧
Original assignee: Beijing Naton Medical Technology Institute Co ltd; Beijing Leiden Biology Material Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Naton Medical Technology Institute Co ltd; Beijing Leiden Biology Material Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-03-27
Filing date: 2018-03-27
Publication date: 2020-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 2038-03-27
Also published as: CN108403235A

Abstract

An oral implant and an oral implant assembly, the oral implant assembly comprises an oral implant, a base station and a fastening bolt for connecting the oral implant and the base station, the oral implant comprises a crown part, a middle part and a root part which are integrally formed, the middle part is connected between the crown part and the root part, wherein the crown part is in an inverted cone shape, the outer diameter of the upper end of the crown part is smaller than that of the lower end of the crown part, and the crown part is provided with a first external thread; the middle section has an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the crown, and the middle section has a second outer thread; the external diameter of root is less than the external diameter of middle section, and the root has the third external screw thread, and the pitch of first external screw thread is less than the pitch of second external screw thread and third external screw thread.

Description

Oral implant and oral implant assembly

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a dental implant for use in dental surgery.

Background

The oral implant component is also called as a dental implant component, and is implanted into the upper and lower jawbone of the edentulous part of a human body in a surgical operation mode, and after the operation wound is healed, a device for repairing the false tooth is arranged on the upper part of the oral implant component.

The requirements of clinical planting bodies are mainly as follows: after the implant is implanted, the stability is high in the initial stage, the surrounding tissues are not damaged, the alveolar bone at the crown part is less burnt, and the implant can be tightly combined with the bone tissues for a long time. The implant implantation process can be facilitated, allowing for certain operational errors.

The existing oral implant component mainly comprises an oral implant, an abutment and a fastening bolt for connecting the oral implant and the abutment. The oral implant is implanted into the tissue, and the abutment is connected with the artificial dental crown.

The crown of the existing implant is generally cylindrical, after a cortical bone is prepared into a hole, the implant is inserted into the tooth hole, and the crown is cylindrical because the resilience of the cortical bone and the bone contact stress are larger, so that the cortical bone is greatly pressed, and alveolar bone is burnt. In addition, when the implant is subjected to oblique occlusal force, the contact stress of the crown of the implant with cortical bone is large, and these factors may cause alveolar bone resorption.

In addition, the existing implant has a small contact area with surrounding bones under the same screw pitch and tooth form, which results in large contact pressure; the positive self-tapping grooves can enhance the self-tapping property of the implant, but also lose part of the initial stability, and in addition, when the implantation direction needs to be adjusted in the actual operation process, the positive self-tapping grooves have no adjustment effect, which brings inconvenience to doctors.

Therefore, there is a need for an improvement of the existing oral implant assembly to avoid alveolar bone resorption as much as possible and to improve implant stability.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an oral implant and an oral implant assembly to avoid alveolar bone resorption as much as possible and to improve implant stability.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention provides an oral implant, which comprises a crown part, a middle part and a root part which are integrally formed, wherein the middle part is connected between the crown part and the root part, the crown part is in an inverted cone shape, the outer diameter of the upper end of the crown part is smaller than that of the lower end of the crown part, and the crown part is provided with a first external thread; the middle section has an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the crown, and the middle section has a second outer thread; the external diameter of root is less than the external diameter of middle section, and the root has the third external screw thread, and the pitch of first external screw thread is less than the pitch of second external screw thread and third external screw thread.

The oral implant and the oral implant component have the following advantages:

1. the crown part of the invention is designed into the inverted cone shape, which can reduce the contact stress between the crown part and the cortical bone, thereby reducing or even avoiding the burning of the cortical bone; the inverted cone structure enables the maximum contact stress point of the implant and the jaw bone to move downwards to the root, and the reduced stress effect is beneficial to avoiding absorption of cortical bone due to overlarge stress and reducing alveolar bone absorption;

2. the thread pitch of the crown part is relatively smaller than that of other parts of the oral implant, so that the thread of the crown part is denser, and the structure of the crown part similar to micro threads can increase the contact surface area with cortical bone and reduce the acting stress with the cortical bone; and

3. the overall shape of the oral implant is conical, so that the implantation torque is converted into the contact force between the implant and the surrounding bone, and the initial stability is stronger.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an oral implant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is another perspective view of an oral implant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of another angle of an oral implant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of an oral implant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a bottom view of an oral implant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the thickness of regions and layers may be exaggerated for clarity. The same reference numerals denote the same or similar structures in the drawings, and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, and so forth. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention.

The present invention provides an oral implant assembly comprising an oral implant, an abutment (not shown), and a fastening bolt (not shown) connecting the oral implant and the abutment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the oral implant comprising a crown 10, a middle section 20, and a root 30 which are integrally formed, the middle section 20 being connected between the crown 10 and the root 30, wherein the crown 10 is in the shape of an inverted cone, the outer diameter of the upper end of the crown 10 is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower end of the crown 10, and the crown 10 has a first external thread 11; the middle section 20 has an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the crown 10, the middle section 20 having a second outer thread 21; the root 30 has an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the middle section 20, the root 30 has a third external thread 31, and the pitch of the first external thread 11 is smaller than the pitch of the second and third

external threads

21, 31.

In the planting process, the oral implant is screwed into the bone, compared with the existing cylindrical crown part 10, the crown part 10 of the invention is designed into an inverted cone shape, so that the contact stress between the crown part 10 and the cortical bone can be reduced, and the cortical bone can be reduced or even prevented from being burnt; the inverted cone structure enables the maximum contact stress point of the implant and the jaw bone to move downwards to the root part 30, and the reduced stress effect is beneficial to avoiding absorption of cortical bone due to overlarge stress and reducing alveolar bone absorption.

In addition, the thread pitch of the crown 10 is relatively smaller than that of other parts of the oral implant, so that the thread of the crown 10 is denser, and the micro-thread-like structure of the crown 10 can increase the contact surface area with the cortical bone and reduce the acting stress with the cortical bone.

In addition, the overall shape of the oral implant of the present invention is tapered, which converts the implant torque into a contact force between the implant and the surrounding bone, thereby enhancing initial stability.

In this embodiment, the crown 10 is a slightly tapered, inverted cone with a taper of between 4 ° and 8 °, for example around 6 °. The first external thread 11 is a micro thread, the pitch of the first external thread 11 is 0-0.5mm, and the pitch of the second external thread 21 and the third external thread 31 is 0.8-1.5 mm, for example 1 mm. The micro-threads of the crown 10 can increase the contact area with bone, thereby increasing initial stability, making long-term osseointegration more stable.

It should be understood that the above values are only exemplary, and the shape of the dental implant can be designed as desired, for example, the thread pitches of the second external thread 21 and the third external thread 31 are equal. Any oral implant having an inverted conical crown 10 is intended to be within the scope of the present application.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the tooth height of the first external thread 11 is smaller than the tooth heights of the second external thread 21 and the third external thread 31, and the tooth height of the first external thread 11 may be in the range of 0.08-0.2mm, for example, 0.1 mm. Since the cortical bone can withstand greater holding force and less lateral compression is required, the present embodiment provides a smaller thread design for the crown 10 so that it does not penetrate too far into the cortical bone, thereby reducing the stress associated with the cortical bone and not affecting the stability of the implant.

In this embodiment, the first external thread 11, the second external thread 21 and the third external thread 31 are multi-start threads, that is, a plurality of threads are distributed at regular intervals. In this embodiment, the first external thread 11, the second external thread 21 and the third external thread 31 have a double-thread structure. The junction of the first external thread 11 and the second external thread 21 is a smooth transition. Specifically, the method can be as follows: during machining, the thread pitch of the transition part between the crown 10 and the middle section 20 is gradually increased from the crown 10 to the middle section 20, so that a continuous smooth transition surface is formed.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the upper end surface 12 of the crown 10 is a junction plane between the crown 10 and the abutment, and the upper end surface 12 may be designed to have a chamfer angle, for example, a 45 ° chamfer angle, so that the upper end surface is a surface inclined downward from inside to outside, and after implantation, the gum can climb up from the inclined junction plane and fill the transfer platform, thereby preventing bacteria from entering the interior of the implant and causing oral diseases.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the upper portion of the middle section 20 is cylindrical, and the other portion of the middle section 20 is tapered. Wherein the ratio of the cylindrical portion to the tapered portion is approximately 1: 2. It should be understood that the shape of the mid-section 20 is not so limited and the ratio of cylindrical to conical may be arbitrarily adjusted. The cylindrical portion makes the transition of the mid-section to the crown more fluid, however, in other embodiments the mid-section may be entirely conical, i.e. no cylindrical portion is designed.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the core path L1 of the middle section 20 is tapered such that the middle section 20 tapers. As shown in fig. 4, the inner core trajectory L1 is a connection line of the lowest points of the outer surface of the oral implant. In this embodiment, it can be seen that the inner core of the whole oral implant is from top to bottom in the form of an inverted cone of the crown 10 to a forward cone of the mid-section 20 and the root 30, thereby generating appropriate compression to the surrounding bone to varying degrees. In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the distal end 32 of the root portion 30 is formed in a hemispherical shape so as to avoid damage to the jaw bone, the mucosa of the maxillary sinus, and the like.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the depth of the second external thread 21 gradually increases from top to bottom. The contour locus L2 and the core locus L1 of the root portion 30 are both tapered, and the tooth depth of the third external thread 31 gradually increases from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the depth of the third external thread 31 is greater than the depth of the second external thread 21, and the pitch of the third external thread 31 is equal to the pitch of the second external thread 21, which may be in the range of 0.8-1.2mm, for example 1 mm.

That is, the depth of the tooth gradually increases from the cortical bone to the cancellous bone. The conical structure of the entire oral implant creates lateral compression of the surrounding bone as the implant is screwed in. Since cortical bone can withstand greater holding forces, less lateral compression is required, and cancellous bone is the opposite, the tapered midsection 20 can produce less lateral compression on the cortical bone region, while the progressively greater tooth depth can produce greater lateral compression on the cancellous bone region, ultimately contributing to the initial stabilization of the implant.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the upper portion H1 of each of the second external thread 21 and the third external thread 31 protrudes from the lower portion H2 of the thread and is formed as a stepped external thread. The stepped external thread can cause lateral compression of the surrounding bone. In addition, under the condition that the parameter conditions such as thread pitch, tooth depth and the like are the same, the contact area of the stepped external thread and surrounding bones is larger, the contact force between the stepped external thread and the surrounding bones is improved, compared with an ordinary thread, the implant with the stepped external thread has smaller contact stress with the jaw bone, and the initial stability of the implant is enhanced.

In addition, in the embodiment, because the stepped external thread and the double-thread structure can improve the implantation stability, one of the two or the combined structure can be beneficial to realizing the rapid implantation of the implant, namely, after tooth extraction, when the alveolar bone is not recovered, the oral implant can be stably implanted without providing a certain recovery period for the alveolar bone, thereby greatly accelerating the implantation procedure of the implant and reducing the trouble of multiple times of treatment for a patient.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the middle section 20 and the root section 30 are further provided with a self-tapping reverse groove 40 on the outer periphery thereof, and the depth of the self-tapping reverse groove 40 gradually decreases from the root section 30 to the middle section 20. The traditional forward self-tapping groove is as follows: labor is saved when screwing in and labor is wasted when pulling out; and the reverse self-tapping groove 40 is: labor is saved when the screw is pulled out and labor is wasted when the screw is screwed in. Because the holistic external screw thread structure of oral implant can guarantee to twist fast and root 30 stability, cooperation reverse self tapping groove 40 on this basis for when needs adjustment implantation direction, the contra-rotation planting body, the cutting action of reverse self tapping groove 40 can make the planting body adjustment direction easier. Therefore, the reverse self-tapping slot 40 of the present embodiment realizes easy adjustment of the oral implant by its self-tapping effect on the premise of ensuring stability, as compared with the forward self-tapping slot.

In this embodiment, the self-tapping opposing grooves 40 have a root diameter of 1/2 outside diameter and a length of 1/2 the length of the implant. It should be understood that the parameters, number of reverse self-tapping grooves 40 may be changed as needed, for example, a plurality of strips may be formed to be evenly distributed around the outer circumference.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the upper end 51 of the inner cavity 50 of the oral implant is of a morse taper structure, the taper is in the range of 25 ° to 40 °, for example, 30 °, and the portion can be tightly attached to the abutment at a corresponding angle and is subjected to cold welding. The combination of the taper of the upper end 51 of the cavity in this embodiment and the chamfer of the upper end of the crown 10 as described in the previous embodiments both serve to prevent bacteria from entering the interior of the implant.

In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the inner cavity of the dental implant has a rotation prevention protrusion 52 near the upper end 51, which is protrudingly formed on the inner wall and engaged with the abutment to prevent the abutment from rotating, thereby improving the stability of the connection between the dental implant and the abutment. In this embodiment, the number of the anti-rotation protrusions 52 is four, which are uniformly distributed around the inner wall.

In conclusion, the oral implant of the present invention has the following advantages:

2. the thread pitch of the crown part is relatively smaller than that of other parts of the oral implant, so that the thread of the crown part is denser, and the structure of the crown part similar to micro threads can increase the contact surface area with cortical bone and reduce the acting stress with the cortical bone;

3. in one embodiment, the thread depth gradually increases from cortical bone to cancellous bone, lateral compression can be generated on the surrounding bone when screwing in, the step thread structure is matched, and transverse compression can be generated on the surrounding bone after screwing in, so that the initial stability is enhanced, and

4. the overall shape of the oral implant is conical, so that the implantation torque is converted into the contact force between the implant and the surrounding bone, and the initial stability is stronger.

While the present invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An oral implant, which comprises a crown part, a middle part and a root part which are integrally formed, wherein the middle part is connected between the crown part and the root part,

the crown is in a reverse taper shape, the outer diameter of the upper end of the crown is smaller than that of the lower end of the crown, and the crown is provided with a first external thread;

the outer diameter of the middle section is smaller than that of the crown part, the middle section is provided with second external threads, the upper part of the middle section is cylindrical, the middle part and the lower part of the middle section are conical, and the inner core of the middle section is conical;

the outer diameter of the root part is smaller than that of the middle section, the root part is provided with a third external thread, and the pitch of the first external thread is smaller than that of the second external thread and that of the third external thread;

wherein, the upper part of each thread of the second external thread and the third external thread protrudes out of the lower part of the thread and is formed into a step shape.

2. The oral implant of claim 1, wherein the taper of the crown is between 4 ° and 8 °, the first external thread is a micro-thread, the pitch of the first external thread is 0-0.5mm, and the pitch of the second and third external threads is 0.8-1.5 mm.

3. The oral implant of claim 2, wherein the first external thread has a height that is less than the height of the second and third external threads.

4. The oral implant of claim 2, wherein the junction of the first external thread and the second external thread is a smooth transition.

5. The oral implant of claim 1, wherein the second external thread has a depth that gradually increases from top to bottom.

6. The oral implant of claim 1, wherein the root portion is tapered in shape and inner core, and the third external thread has a tooth depth that increases gradually from top to bottom.

7. The oral implant of claim 6, wherein the third external thread has a depth greater than a depth of the second external thread, and wherein the pitch of the third external thread is equal to the pitch of the second external thread.

8. The oral implant of claim 1, wherein the first external thread, the second external thread, and the third external thread are a continuous double thread structure.

9. The oral implant of claim 1, wherein the middle section and the outer periphery of the root section are further provided with self-tapping reverse grooves, the depth of the self-tapping reverse grooves gradually decreasing from the root section to the middle section.

10. An oral implant assembly comprising an oral implant, an abutment and a fastening bolt connecting the oral implant and the abutment, wherein the oral implant is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.