CN108401784A - 一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法 - Google Patents
一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108401784A CN108401784A CN201810173874.5A CN201810173874A CN108401784A CN 108401784 A CN108401784 A CN 108401784A CN 201810173874 A CN201810173874 A CN 201810173874A CN 108401784 A CN108401784 A CN 108401784A
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- 239000001963 growth media Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M Monopotassium phosphate Chemical compound 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[K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L phosphate Chemical compound 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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
Abstract
本发明公开了一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法，所述的碱性培养基由以下原料按重量份组成：木屑400~500g，玉米芯250~300g，米糠65~70g，麦麸20~30g，营养添加剂85~95g、蛋白胨2.5~3g，磷酸二氢钾1.0~1.5g，维生素B10.4~0.5g；所述的菌种在碱性培养基上的驯化方法，步骤包括：粉碎、混合，制取培养基用水，制取培养基，调节pH，接种、驯化；总体上，本发明具有培养基的制备操作简便，配制出的培养基呈碱性，有效降低细菌、霉菌等有害微生物的污染，并且所采用的驯化方法简单。
Description
一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法
技术领域
[0001]本发明属于培养基制备及菌种驯化技术领域，特别是涉及一种食用菌菌种的碱性 培养基及菌种驯化方法。
背景技术
[0002] —般情况下，适宜食用菌菌丝生长的pH值范围为3〜8,最适pH值为5〜5.5在pH值大 于7 _5时大部分食用菌生长受阻，大于8.5时生长停止。然而上述的PH值范围同样也适于有 害微生物的生长，在食用菌的生长过长中，这些有害微生物会与食用菌争夺养料，污染菌 种、菌料，引起病害，降低产量，造成损失。为了不受或者减少细菌、霉菌等有害微生物的污 染，就需要在碱性条件下驯化食用菌，使得它们能在偏碱性的环境下进行生长。该方法更多 的适用于木腐菌菌种和中、酸性条件生长的菌种驯化，不适用于类似猴头菌的喜酸性菌种 的生长。
发明内容
[0003]本发明的目的在于提供一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法，该驯化方 法培育出的菌种能够适应碱性培养基的碱性环境，有效降低细菌、霉菌等有害微生物的污 染，具有极高的使用价值。
[0004]本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法，所 述的碱性培养基由以下原料按重量份组成：木屑400〜500g，玉米芯250〜300g，米糠65〜70g， 麦麸2〇〜30g，营养添加剂85〜95g、蛋白胨2.5〜3g，磷酸二氢钾1.0〜1 • 5g，维生素扮0 • 4〜0.5g; 所述的菌种在碱性培养基上的驯化方法，步骤如下： (1) 粉碎、混合:取木屑和玉米芯，分别进行粉碎，然后放入搅拌器中进行混合搅拌； (2) 制取培养基用水:取步骤⑴中的木肩和玉米芯的混合物，加纯净水蒸煮，过滤后的 水为菌种培养基所用水； (3) 制取培养基:取步骤⑵中蒸煮后的木屑和玉米芯的混合物，并向其中加入米糠、麦 麸、营养添加剂、蛋白胨、磷酸二氢钾、维生素出，并混合均匀，即制得培养基； (4) 调节pH:用HC1，NaOH或Ca (0H) 2溶液调节步骤⑶中的pH值，使之达到8-10; (5) 接种、驯化:采用组织分离或孢子分离等分离方法，将接种的菌种块或菌丝体放入 该pH值下的培养基内进行培养，菌种生长的温度控制在5〜30°C，子实体生长保持300~ 10001s的光照，菌丝生长阶段空气湿度60%，如此反复培养2〜3次，选取具有结实性的菌丝体 纯培养物。
[0005]所述的碱性培养基由以下原料按重量份组成:木屑400g，玉米芯250g，米糠65g，麦 麸2〇g，营养添加剂85g、蛋白胨2 • 5g，磷酸二氢钾1. 〇g，维生素Bi〇. 4g。
[0006]所述的步骤(3)中的培养基含水量为64%~66%。
[0007]本发明产生的有益效果是:一是，本发明的培养基呈碱性，能够有效抑制细菌、霉 菌等有害微生物的生长，保证所培育的食用菌菌种的正常生长。二是，本发明的驯化方法操 作简单，各个步骤之间衔接合理、紧凑，所驯化出的菌种具有高产、优质、抗逆性强的优占， 且菌种纯度高、无虫无杂菌。
具体实施方式
[0008]下面结合具体实施例，对本发明作进一步的说明。
[0009] 实施例1 一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法，所述的碱性培养基由以下原料按重量 份组成:木屑400g，玉米芯250g，米糠65g，麦麸2〇g，营养添加剂85g、蛋白胨2 • 5g，憐酸二氢 钾1.0g，维生素Bi0.4g; 所述的菌种在碱性培养基上的驯化方法，步骤如下： (1) 粉碎、混合:取木肩和玉米芯，分别进行粉碎，然后放入搅拌器中进行混合搅拌； (2) 制取培养基用水:取步骤(1)中的木屑和玉米芯的混合物，加纯净水蒸煮，过滤后的 水为菌种培养基所用水； (3) 制取培养基:取步骤(2)中蒸煮后的木肩和玉米芯的混合物，并向其中加入米糠、麦 麸、营养添加剂、蛋白胨、磷酸二氢钾、维生素出，并混合均匀，即制得培养基； ⑷调节pH:用HC1，NaOH或Ca (0H) 2溶液调节步骤⑶中的pH值，使之达到8-1〇; (5)接种、驯化:采用组织分离或孢子分离等分离方法，将接种的菌种块或菌丝体放入 该pH值下的培养基内进行培养，菌种生长的温度控制在5〜30°C，子实体生长保持300〜 10001s的光照，菌丝生长阶段空气湿度60%，如此反复培养2〜3次，选取具有结实性的菌丝体 纯培养物。
[0010]所述的碱性培养基由以下原料按重量份组成:木屑400g，玉米芯25〇g，米糠65g，麦 麸20g，营养添加剂85g、蛋白胨2.5g，磷酸二氢钾1.0g，维生素出0.4g。
[0011] 所述的步骤(3)中的培养基含水量为64%〜66%。
[0012] 实施例2 一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法，所述的碱性培养基由以下原料按重量 份组成:木肩450g，玉米芯27¾，米糠6"7g，麦麸25g，营养添加剂90g、蛋白胨2 • 7g，磷酸二氢 钾1.3g，维生素 Bi0.45g; 所述的菌种在碱性培养基上的驯化方法，步骤同实施例1。
[0013] 实施例3 一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法，所述的碱性培养基由以下原料按重量 份组成:木屑500g，玉米芯300g，米糠70g，麦麸3〇g，营养添加剂95g、蛋白胨3g，磷酸二氢钾 1.58，维生素出0.58; 所述的菌种在碱性培养基上的驯化方法，步骤同实施例1。
[0014]总体上，本发明具有培养基的制备操作简便，配制出的培养基呈碱性，有效降低细 菌、霉菌等有害微生物的污染，并且所采用的驯化方法简单。
Claims (3)
1. 一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法，其特征在于:所述的碱性培养基由 以下原料按重量份组成:木肩400〜500g，玉米芯250〜300g，米糖65〜70g，麦鉄20〜30g，宫养添 加剂85〜95g、蛋白胨2 • 5〜3g，磷酸二氢钾1 • 〇〜1 • 5g，维生素出0 • 4~0 • 5g; 所述的菌种在碱性培养基上的驯化方法，步骤如下： (1) 粉碎、混合:取木屑和玉米芯，分别进行粉碎，然后放入搅拌器中进行混合搅拌； (2) 制取培养基用水:取步骤（1)中的木肩和玉米芯的混合物，加纯净水蒸煮，过滤后的 水为菌种培养基所用水； (3) 制取培养基:取步骤(2)中蒸煮后的木屑和玉米芯的混合物，并向其中加入米糠、麦 麸、营养添加剂、蛋白胨、磷酸二氢钾、维生素Bi，并混合均匀，即制得培养基； ⑷调节pH:用HC1，NaOH或Ca (0H) 2溶液调节步骤⑶中的pH值，使之达到8-10; (5)接种、驯化:采用组织分离或孢子分离等分离方法，将接种的菌种块或菌丝体放入 该pH值下的培养基内进行培养，菌种生长的温度控制在5〜30。(：，子实体生长保持300~ 10001s的光照，菌丝生长阶段空气湿度60%，如此反复培养2〜3次，选取具有结实性的菌丝体 纯培养物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法，其特征在于： 所述的碱性培养基由以下原料按重量份组成:木肩4〇〇g，玉米芯250g，米糠65g，麦麸20g，营 养添加剂85g、蛋白胨2 • 5g，磷酸二氢钾1 • 〇g，维生素&〇. 4g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种食用菌菌种的碱性培养基及菌种驯化方法，其特征在于： 所述的步骤(3)中的培养基含水量为64%-66%。
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| CN100398637C (zh) * | 2005-11-17 | 2008-07-02 | 魏生龙 | 荷叶离褶伞食用菌菌种 |
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