CN108326016A - A kind of production method and system handling kitchen garbage using black soldier flies - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of production methods and system handling kitchen garbage using black soldier flies, the system includes the box for breeding that several are placed with way of stacking, and utensil garbage pre-processing device, compost mixing arrangement, automatic charging device and the automatic sieving unit being arranged according to process sequence, the compost mixing arrangement are connect with the automatic charging device；The automatic charging device automatically puts into compost in the multiple box for breeding simultaneously；Black soldier flies larva in the automatic sieving unit categorised collection box for breeding and frass.Production system provided by the invention can be in a whole set of the processes such as the preparation of black soldier flies compost, feeding and recycling classification processing, using scale, intensive, mechanical automation processing mode, it is possible to reduce manpower expends, hence it is evident that improve breeding efficiency.

Description

A production method and system for treating food waste using black soldier flies

technical field

The invention relates to a production method and system for treating kitchen waste by using black soldier flies.

Background technique

Food waste generally refers to raw materials and finished products or residues needed in daily life, such as leftovers, fruit peels, eggshells, etc. In recent years, the output of kitchen waste has shown an obvious growth trend, of which kitchen waste accounts for about 10%-20% of the total waste. With such a huge volume and continuous production every day, the aftermath treatment of food waste is put on the agenda.

The traditional treatment methods of food waste mainly include two kinds of incineration and landfill. Incineration is easy to produce harmful gases, while landfill is easy to cause soil and groundwater pollution. Moreover, due to the high water content of food waste, it will form harmful leachate under the action of high-pressure microorganisms when it is directly mixed with other waste and landfilled. On the other hand, the grease in kitchen waste is also the main source of gutter oil. In short, because kitchen waste is easy to ferment, deteriorate, and rot, it not only produces a large amount of toxins, emits foul-smelling gases, but also pollutes water bodies and the atmosphere. It can spread diseases and endanger people's daily life and health.

At present, the harmless and resourceful treatment of kitchen waste has attracted increasing attention from all walks of life. Against this background, using black soldier flies to treat food waste has become a development direction. Compared with the traditional landfill treatment, the cost of cultivating black soldier flies is low and the economic benefit is high. Black soldier fly is a saprophytic Soldier Fly insect that can feed on poultry manure and domestic garbage. It has the characteristics of rapid reproduction, large biomass, wide range of feeding habits, high absorption and conversion rate, easy management, low feeding cost, and palatable to animals. Good sex characteristics, no harm to humans and animals, animals and plants. The life of the black soldier fly is 40-45 days, and it needs to go through four stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. About 10 days after the black soldier flies hatch from eggs to larvae is the period when the ability to deal with kitchen waste is the strongest. After the larvae grow into pupae, they mate and lay eggs after breaking through the pupae. After that, they survive for a few days before dying. In the process of "eating garbage", black soldier flies can turn 80% of kitchen waste into high-quality insect protein and 20% into nutrient-rich insect dung through their biotransformation, in addition to kinetic energy consumption. Organic Fertilizer.

Chinese invention patent CN203648978U discloses a system for processing food waste by using black soldier flies. A biological treatment system for secondary treatment of kitchen waste; wherein, the food waste disposer includes feeding channels arranged in sequence, a separation unit for sorting food waste into solid and liquid waste, and a separate unit for separating solid waste and liquid waste. The solid waste collection box and the liquid garbage collection box are collected. The biological treatment system includes multiple food waste treatment boxes stacked on top of each other and the sewage pipes connected to the multiple food waste treatment boxes. Ramp, black soldier fly collection channel. Its disadvantage is that it cannot automatically feed and separate black soldier fly larvae and insect droppings in batches, and the degree of mechanization is low.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method that can process kitchen waste in urban waste on an industrial scale, feed black soldier fly breeding boxes in batches, and efficiently separate black soldier fly larvae from the mixture of insect feces and residual garbage. Advanced production methods and systems have reached the level of scale, intensification and mechanization, reducing manpower consumption and improving breeding efficiency.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

A production method utilizing black soldier flies to process food waste, comprising the following production steps:

(1) Prepare several breeding boxes placed in a stacking manner in the breeding area, and put into black soldier fly larvae; the breeding boxes are transported to the automatic feeding device;

(2) Stir and mix the pretreated food waste base material and auxiliary materials to form a compost, and send it into the automatic feeding device;

(3) The automatic feeding device delivers the culture material to multiple culture boxes placed in a stacking manner at the same time;

(4) The breeding box is sent back to the breeding area; after 5-7 days, the breeding box is transported to the automatic screening device;

(5) The automatic screening device classifies and collects the black soldier fly larvae and insect droppings in the breeding box.

Based on the above method, the present invention provides a production system for processing food waste by using black soldier flies, including several breeding boxes placed in a stacking manner, and a food waste pretreatment device and a compost mixing device arranged in sequence , an automatic feeding device and an automatic screening device, the compost mixing device stirs and mixes the pretreated kitchen waste base material and auxiliary materials to form a compost, and the compost mixing device is connected with the automatic feeding device; the automatic The feeding device is provided with a conveying device for transporting the breeding boxes, and automatically puts the culture material into the multiple breeding boxes at the same time; the automatic screening device classifies and collects the black soldier fly larvae and insect excrement in the breeding boxes; the breeding box The automatic feeding device, the cultivation area and the automatic screening device are moved between the automatic feeding device or the conveying device.

Further, the automatic screening device includes a continuously running first screening device for removing sundries and a second screening device for separating insect excrement, and the second screening device is provided with black soldier fly larvae Outlet and insect excrement outlet.

Further, the screening device also includes a culture box stacking area and a central unloading area at the front end, and a plurality of breeding boxes in the stacking area are transferred to the unloading area, and the unloading area is provided with clips The holding device and track can automatically turn and unload the mixture of black soldier fly larvae and insect excrement in a plurality of breeding boxes into the first screening device.

Further, the stacking area includes a first conveyor belt and two lifting mechanisms, the first conveyor belt transports the breeding box; one of the lifting mechanisms lifts the breeding box to the clamping position of the clamping mechanism, and the other lifts the breeding box to the clamping position of the clamping mechanism. The lifting mechanism accepts the breeding boxes unloaded by the clamping mechanism for stacking.

Further, the first screening device is a vibrating screen, and the second screening device is a drum screen.

Further, the automatic feeding device includes a hopper, a feeding pipe and a telescopic feeding pipe, the feeding pipe and the telescopic feeding pipe are multiple and connected to each other one by one, and the telescopic feeding pipe is provided with a driving device; when the When the telescopic feeding tube is extended, it is inserted into the corresponding stacked black soldier fly breeding box, and when retracted, the culture material in the telescopic feeding tube is gradually put into the black soldier fly breeding box.

Further, the feeding pipe is connected to the hopper of the feeding pipe, and its front end is connected to a plurality of single-row or multi-row vertically spaced telescopic feeding pipes. matching; the automatic feeding device is provided with a second conveyor belt for conveying and positioning a plurality of stacked breeding boxes.

Further, the telescopic feeding tube is composed of an inner tube and an outer tube with different inner diameters that cooperate with each other, and the outer tube is connected to the driving device; when the outer tube is extended, it is inserted into the opening of the black soldier fly breeding box , when retracted, the culture material in the outer tube is gradually put into the black soldier fly breeding box; the outer tube is driven and controlled by a cylinder.

Further, the feeding side of the compost mixing device is provided with a third conveyor belt for transporting the food waste fermenter, and the hopper of the compost mixing device is provided with a food waste base for the fermenter. material poured into the flip clamp arm.

The present invention has the following excellent technical effects:

1. The production system provided by the present invention can adopt a large-scale, intensive, and mechanically automated processing method in a complete set of procedures such as the preparation of the black soldier fly compost, feeding, and recycling and sorting, which can reduce manpower consumption and significantly improve farming efficiency.

2. The breeding box of the present invention is placed in a stacked manner in each process, which not only saves the occupied space of the breeding box, is conducive to industrial automatic control, but also can realize convenient and quick transfer between the breeding area, feeding area and screening area , significantly reducing the work intensity and improving work efficiency.

3. The present invention connects the compost mixing device with the feeding device, which not only omits the transportation of food materials, but also realizes the on-demand preparation of food materials.

4. The present invention uses telescopic rods to feed black soldier flies, and the number of telescopic rods can be designed according to the number of stacked layers of the breeding box, which can achieve precise quantitative and fixed-point feeding.

5. After the kitchen waste treatment is completed, the large-scale and mechanized cultivation box is turned over and unloaded, and the sieving device is used to classify and remove the sundries and insect excrement like "worm sand", and separate the black waste in batches. Soldier fly larvae. After separation, black soldier fly larvae and insect droppings will be sorted and utilized. The larvae are directly supplied to the feed factory as feed raw materials, and the insect manure is mainly used as organic fertilizer for agricultural planting such as fruit trees and flower gardens, which not only realizes the harmless treatment of food waste, but also improves the conversion rate of resources.

Description of drawings

The following schematic diagrams can be better understood with reference to the examples, which are illustrative and do not limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Specifically, the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. drawn in the drawings are only used to match the content prompted in the manual, for those familiar with the technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of production system of the present invention;

Fig. 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5 are the structural representations of the culture box of the example of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the compost mixing device and the feeding device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the partial structure schematic diagram of the culture material mixing device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the local structure schematic diagram of feeding device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the telescopic feeding pipe of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the present invention, showing the state when the telescopic tube is inserted into the breeding box;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the breeding box of the present invention on the conveyor belt;

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of automatic screening device of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the stacking area of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is the structural representation of unloading area of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is the top view of the first screening device and the discharge area of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a second screening device of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a third screening device of the present invention;

Fig. 15 is the upper structure of the third screening device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The term used in this application, mixing device, refers to a mechanical device with the function of stirring and mixing.

The handling device refers to various wheeled handling vehicles, such as forklifts, that can refer to palletized goods for loading and unloading, stacking and short-distance transportation.

The conveying device refers to the material handling machinery that continuously conveys materials on a certain line, such as a conveyor belt.

The screening device refers to the use of rotation, vibration, reciprocating, shaking and other actions to divide the material into several grades according to the particle size of the material through the screen, or to remove the impurities in it, and then proceed to the next step of processing and improve the product. Used mechanical equipment during quality, the present invention can select any suitable prior art. For example, a vibrating screen can divide broken materials with different particle sizes through a single-layer or multi-layer screen surface with uniform holes for multiple times, and divide them into several different levels of screening. Particles larger than the sieve hole remain on the sieve surface, and particles smaller than the sieve hole pass through the sieve hole. Due to the vibration of the screen box, the material layer on the screen is loosened, and the small particles take the opportunity to pass through the gap, realizing the separation of coarse and fine particles, and completing the screening process. The trommel screen is a kind of machine widely used in the sorting technology. It controls the material sorting through the size of the particle size, and the sorting accuracy is high. The trommel screen is mainly composed of a motor, a reducer, a drum device, a frame, a sealing cover, and a material inlet and outlet. The roller device is installed obliquely on the frame. The motor is connected with the roller device through the reducer through the coupling, and drives the roller device to rotate around its axis. When the material enters the drum device, due to the inclination and rotation of the drum device, the material on the screen surface is turned and rolled, so that the product under the screen is discharged through the outlet at the bottom of the rear end of the drum, and the product on the screen is discharged through the discharge port at the tail of the drum. discharge.

Photoelectric switch, also known as photoelectric sensor, is the abbreviation of photoelectric proximity switch. It uses the blocking or reflection of the light beam by the detected object, and the synchronous loop gating circuit to detect the presence or absence of the object. Objects are not limited to metals, all objects that can reflect light can be detected. Such as commonly used infrared photoelectric switch.

Palletizing and unstacking, also known as stacking and unstacking, is mainly used to stack the breeding boxes together and separate the stacked breeding boxes individually. The existing technology is mainly driven by a motor or hydraulic cylinder through a lifting platform Move up or down to a suitable position, and then stack or disassemble the breeding boxes by forklifts, manipulators or clamping mechanisms. This application can choose an appropriate structure without any limitation.

As shown in Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of production system that utilizes black soldier flies to process kitchen waste, kitchen waste pretreatment device 1, compost mixing device 2, automatic feeding device 3 and automatic screening device 4, breeding box Move between the automatic feeding device 3 , the breeding area and the automatic screening device 4 through the handling device or the conveying device 5 .

Food waste pretreatment device 1, including sorting, crushing, dehydration and other processes, sorting through equipment automatic sorting, oil-water separation, through crushers and screening machines, such as water bottles, disposable tableware, metal plastics, etc. The kitchen waste is sorted and collected, and then the kitchen waste is separated from oil and water. Add some auxiliary materials and fermentation liquid to the dehydrated food waste. The auxiliary materials can be one or more of sawdust, rice bran, bran, straw powder, etc., and additives such as yeast and baking soda can also be added. The fermented liquid is a compound microbial agent, which can be obtained from the market, and then canned into a fermenter, fermented organic matter, and pretreated to become a culture material base for the black soldier fly. The pretreatment of kitchen waste is an existing technology, and those skilled in the art can use suitable devices according to the production design requirements.

A plurality of stacked breeding boxes form a breeding frame. As shown in Figures 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, and 2-5, the breeding box 9 of the embodiment example is a rectangular box with a cavity, which is formed by plastic materials at one time, and it includes four Two side walls, i.e. two long side walls 91,93 and two short side walls 92,94, and a base plate 95 surround an open box body with an upper mouth, and the four corners of side walls 91,92,93,94 A protruding support block 96 is provided, and the support block 96 cooperates with the groove 951 of the bottom plate 95 to realize multi-layer stacking of the culture box. Regarding the size of the breeding box, it can be produced and processed according to the size described above. Four openings 97 on the side walls are formed between the support blocks 96, and the openings 97 are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, that is, the distance between the upper edges of the openings 97 is greater than the distance between the lower edges of the openings 97, so as to serve as vents for breeding black soldier flies And feed opening, the telescopic feeding tube of the automatic feeding device mentioned below is free to enter and exit the opening 97. At the same time, the staff can also check the growth of the black soldier fly and the consumption of the compost through the opening 97 at any time.

In order to ensure the stability of the breeding case 9 when stacked in multiple layers, preferably. On the surface of a long side wall 93 and a short side wall 94, a pair of longitudinal ribs 98 are arranged at intervals, and the symmetrical long side wall 91 and short side wall 93 are respectively provided with corresponding longitudinal ribs 98. A pair of engaging grooves 99 are matched. Similarly, the two short side walls 92 and 94 are also provided with longitudinal ribs 98 and engaging grooves 99 respectively. The snap-fit structure enables any two adjacent breeding boxes 9 to be connected together in multiple rows, and the number of stacked breeding boxes can be set according to the requirements of production management to form multiple multi-layered and multi-row stacked breeding boxes. 9 farming racks are stacked in different areas to facilitate partition management.

Preferably, the two symmetrical long side walls 91, 93 are provided with positioning grooves 910 for the clamping mechanism of the automatic screening device mentioned below to clamp the flip culture box, and are arranged on both sides of the long side walls 91, 93 . Preferably, the side walls 91, 92, 93, 94 and the support block 96 are provided with transverse reinforcing ribs 911 and longitudinal reinforcing ribs 912, so as to ensure that the culture box will not be significantly deformed during stacking and transportation, and its strength can be ensured. Meet the needs of production. In order to facilitate the identification and management of different breeding boxes in industrial production, a label plate 913 is provided in the middle of the short side walls 92, 94 of the breeding box for sticking paper labels or electronic labels.

Considering the needs of industrial batch processing and the production requirements of black soldier flies, the present invention adopts a specific breeding box size. The length of the box is 65-75 centimeters, preferably 68-70 centimeters, and the width is 42-48 centimeters, preferably 44-46 centimeters; the height from the bottom plate 95 to the top of the support block 96 is 30-35 centimeters, preferably 32-33 centimeters, The height of the side wall is 18-22 centimeters, the length of the opening 97 is 20-52 centimeters, the height is 10-18 centimeters, the opening 97 is wide and narrow at the bottom, the opening 97 of the long side walls 91,93 and the short side walls 92,94 The distances along the lower edges of each are respectively 2-4 centimeters smaller than the distances along the corresponding upper edges. Preferably, the distances along the upper edges of the openings 97 of the long side walls are 48-52 centimeters; the distances along the upper edges of the openings 97 of the short side walls are 25-29 cm. The above-mentioned height of the side wall and the setting of the opening 97 are most conducive to the growth of the black soldier fly, and fundamentally avoid the phenomenon of death of the black soldier fly caused by extrusion and lack of oxygen.

As shown in Figure 3, the above-mentioned culture material mixing device 2 is connected with the automatic feeding device 3, wherein the culture material mixing device 2 stirs and mixes the pretreated food waste base material and auxiliary materials, and the feed outlet 21 of the culture material mixing device 2 It is connected with the feeding port 31 of the automatic feeding device, and the cultivation material is dropped into the breeding box 9. The two devices are provided with an electrical control device, a transmission mechanism and a power mechanism. The electrical control device includes an automatic control cabinet 32 (including but not limited to a PLC controller), circuits and electronic components, etc., which are used to control the operation of each device in the system. The skilled person can complete the design and installation of the electrical control part by using the existing technology and common knowledge, so no more details are given here. Preferably, the automation control cabinet is provided with a touch screen (not shown in the figure), and the touch screen displays the current operating status. For example, automatic operation can be switched to manual control. In addition, the main control interface, manual interface, motor positioning interface, monitoring interface, alarm interface, parameter setting interface, etc. are preferably set on the touch screen. The parameter interface can be set according to the actual production situation.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the compost mixing device 2 adopts any suitable mixer in the prior art to stir and mix the pretreated food waste compost base material and auxiliary materials. The added auxiliary materials reduce the water content of the fermented food waste and turn it into a thick substance, which is not only easy to operate the automatic feeding device, but also easy to grow the black soldier fly larvae.

In the present embodiment, the mixing device 2 includes a hopper 22, a stirring mechanism (not shown in the figure), an overturning clamp arm 23 and a motor 24, and the hopper outlet 21 is fed into the feeding device hopper 31 through an obliquely arranged feeding pipeline 25. Feed port connection. Preferably, in order to reduce the labor intensity of workers, the feeding side of the mixing device is provided with a conveyor belt 101 for conveying the food waste fermentation barrel, and the discharge port 21 of the compost mixing device communicates with the bottom entrance of the feeding channel 25, and the feeding The outlet at the upper end of the material channel 25 is arranged above the inlet of the hopper of the feeding device. A flip clamp arm 23 is set on the hopper 22, which is used to turn over to the direction of the hopper after clamping the fermenter 10, so as to pour the culture medium base material of the fermenter 10 into the hopper 22, and the auxiliary materials are poured from the top of the hopper 22 according to the mixing ratio. , start the stirring motor, fully mix the culture material base material and auxiliary materials into a thick culture material, and the culture material is sent to the automatic feeding device 3 by the feeding pipeline 25. Preferably, a material conveying belt is provided in the material conveying pipeline 25, and the material conveying belt is provided with a motor 251, so as to realize automatic transportation of culture materials.

As shown in Figures 5-8, the automatic feeding device 3 includes a hopper 31, a driving device 34, a feeding pipe 35 and a telescopic feeding pipe 36. A stirring mechanism is provided in the hopper, such as a rotating shaft is set in the hopper 31. On the rotating shaft, Several blades are placed on each side, and the compost in the hopper 31 is forced to be stirred, so as to facilitate the sufficient mixing of the materials. The rear end of the feeding pipe 35 is connected to the hopper 31, and the front end is a plurality of telescopic feeding pipes 36 arranged at intervals in a single row. Optionally, multiple rows of telescopic feeding pipes can also be used to increase the processing capacity per unit time. The up and down spacing between the telescopic feeding tubes 36 and the spacing of the openings 91 of the upper and lower breeding boxes 9 need to match each other, that is, multiple telescopic feeding tubes 36 can freely enter and exit the corresponding multiple openings 91 . The telescopic feeding pipe 36 is composed of an inner pipe 361 and an outer pipe 362 with different inner diameters that cooperate with each other and are sleeved together. Be fixed together on the bracket 37, and communicate with the feed pipe 35. Wherein, the outer tube 362 is connected with the driving device 34; when the outer tube 362 is extended, it is inserted into the black soldier fly breeding box 9, and when retracted, the compost in the outer tube 362 is gradually put into the black soldier fly breeding box 9.

Referring to Fig. 6 again, in the present embodiment, the driving device 34 of the outer tube is controlled by a pneumatic device, and the pneumatic device includes a cylinder 341 fixed on the support 37, and the telescopic rod 342 of the cylinder is connected with the outer tube 362, and the control of the cylinder 341 Under the action of the device, the outer tube 362 is driven to expand and contract outside the inner tube 361 . Preferably, the two sides of the outer tube 361 are symmetrically provided with telescopic rods of the air cylinder. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that the telescopic feeding pipe 36 can also adopt other suitable technologies in the field, such as telescopic feeding of the inner pipe and fixed outer pipe.

Feeding device 3 is also provided with the conveyer belt 102 of the breeding box that conveys stacking, and tray 38 is placed on the conveyer belt 102, and breeding box 9 is stacked and placed on the tray 38, and tray 38 is provided with positioning mechanism, in order to be conducive to accurately keeping breeding box 9 At the position corresponding to telescopic feeding pipe 36. After dropping into culture material in the breeding box 9, these larvae just start working, eat kitchen garbage (culture material) day and night. The larvae are getting bigger and fatter day by day, and the amount of kitchen waste is getting smaller day by day. After about 10 days, only grown larvae and black granular insect droppings remained in the culture. The next step is to collect and recycle black soldier fly larvae and excrement by classification.

As shown in Figure 9-15, the above-mentioned automatic screening device 4 is provided with an electrical control device and a power mechanism, and the screening device includes a culture box stacking area A at the front end, a middle unloading area B and a rear-end screening area C. The mixture of black soldier fly larvae and insect excrement in the breeding box is poured into the screening area in the middle unloading area. After two-stage screening, the black soldier fly larvae and insect excrement are effectively separated. The screening area includes the second stage of continuous operation. A screening device 41 and a second screening device 42 . The electrical control device of the whole system comprises automation control cabinet 49 (comprising but not limited to PLC controller), circuit and electronic components etc., is used for controlling the operation of each equipment of this screening system, those skilled in the art utilizes prior art and known Common sense can complete the design and installation of the electrical control part, so I won't repeat it here. Preferably, the automation control cabinet is provided with a touch screen 431, which displays the current operating status, and is provided with operation control switches for stacking, unstacking, unloading and other process stages. For example, automatic operation can be switched to manual control. In addition, the main control interface, manual interface, motor positioning interface, monitoring interface, alarm interface, parameter setting interface, etc. can be preferably set on the touch screen. The parameter interface can be set according to the actual production situation. For example, the delay time parameter setting of the process of starting and stopping the equipment, palletizing in place, depalletizing in place, box turning in place, etc., setting of palletizing positioning parameters and depalletizing positioning parameters, etc.

The palletizing area A includes a second conveying device 103 and two lifting mechanisms 44, and these devices are all in the prior art. Wherein, lifting mechanism 44 is provided with necessary support 441, power equipment 442 (motor, cylinder etc.), guide rail 443, loading platform 445 etc., and the second delivery device is conveyor belt, is used for transporting breeding case from the first stacking position M1 To the second stacking position M2; the lifting mechanism of the first stacking position M1 lifts the fully loaded breeding box to the clamping position of the clamping mechanism 45, and the lifting mechanism of the second stacking position M2 accepts the empty load returned by the clamping mechanism The breeding boxes are palletized.

The central unloading area is composed of a clamping mechanism 45, a track 46 and a positioning mechanism. The clamping mechanism 45 is set in a frame 48. One end of the frame 48 is fixed on the support frame 47, and the other end is provided with a roller that matches the track 46. 461, the support frame 46 is provided with the turning motor 451 of the clamping mechanism 45, when the culture box 9 clamped by the clamping mechanism 45 moves from the first stacking position M1 to the first screening device 41 under the drive of the frame 48 When the feeding port 411 is above, stop moving, and the clamping mechanism 45 drives the breeding box 9 to turn over and unload together. Track 46 is semicircular, and the elevating mechanism 44 of the corresponding stacking area of two ends, wherein one end is the first stacking position M1, and the other end is the second stacking position M2; Positioning mechanism comprises the photoelectric switch etc. that are provided with on track 46 ( The prior art, not shown in the figure), is used to monitor the position of the clamping mechanism in real time. The above-mentioned clamping mechanism 45 clamps a plurality of breeding boxes 9 in the stacking area, such as 4 or 6, moves along the track 46 to stay above the feed port 411 of the first screening device, and completes the turning and unloading. After the unloading is completed, the clamping mechanism 45 is horizontally reset, continues to move to the second stacking position M2 to stop, releases the emptied breeding box 9, and the loading platform 445 on the lifting mechanism 44 cooperates to accept the above-mentioned breeding box 9 put down, or directly Stack together with the breeding box received before, according to the needs of production, the number of stacked layers can be 4 layers or 5 layers, after the stacking finishes, the empty breeding box 9 is moved out of the stacking position of the lifting mechanism 44 by the conveyor belt. This empty breeding case 9 can be transported to other positions with a forklift for production recycling.

The first screening device 41 is a primary screening, and a vibrating screen can be used. The aperture of the screen is slightly larger than that of the black soldier fly larvae. The vibrating screen is mainly used to remove the uneaten bulk garbage impurities in the mixture. The oversieve can be manually removed, or a separate discharge port for sundries can be set, and the undersieve is the mixture from which the black soldier fly larvae and insect feces have been separated, and directly enters the conveyor belt 104 from the discharge port 412, and is transported to the bottom. One station. In this embodiment, in order to separate impurities as much as possible, a third screening device 43 is added above the second screening device 42, and a vibrating screen is preferably used, and the mixture conveyed by the conveyor belt 104 directly enters the third screening device. The feed port 432 of the device 43, the third screening device is provided with an impurity discharge port (not shown) and a mixture discharge port 431, the mixture discharge port 431 and the feed port of the second screening device 42 421 corresponds. Those skilled in the art can understand that if the first screening device can effectively remove large pieces of garbage impurities, the third screening device can be omitted, and the mixture separated by the first screening device is directly sent to the second screening device by the conveyor belt. device. The second screening device 42 can select any suitable screening equipment capable of separating black soldier fly larvae and insect excrement, and the present application does not make any restrictions on this. In the present embodiment, the second screening device is preferably a drum sieve, but not The specific structure of the drum sieve is limited, and the purpose is that black soldier flies and insect droppings of different particle sizes in the breeding box have the opportunity to touch the screen holes of the drum 424 as much as possible. If the requirements of the aperture are met, for example, the diameter of the screen hole is 3- 10mm, the insect excrement particles can pass through the sieve to achieve the purpose of drum sieving. The two ends of the drum sieve are the black soldier fly larva outlet 422 and the insect excrement outlet 423 respectively. The insect excrement is discharged from the outlet to the conveyor belt 105, and then directly discharged into the recovery box of insect excrement from one end of conveyor belt 105.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments discussed above. The above description of specific implementations is intended to explain and illustrate the technical solutions involved in the present invention. The specific implementation manners described above are used to disclose the best implementation methods of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can apply various implementation manners and various alternative modes of the present invention to achieve the purpose of the present invention. Obvious changes or substitutions based on the teachings of the present invention should also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A production method utilizing black soldier flies to process kitchen waste is characterized in that it comprises the following production steps: (1) Prepare several breeding boxes placed in a stacking manner in the breeding area, and put into black soldier fly larvae; the breeding boxes are transported to the automatic feeding device; (2) Stir and mix the pretreated food waste base material and auxiliary materials to form a compost, and send it into the automatic feeding device; (3) The automatic feeding device delivers the culture material to multiple culture boxes placed in a stacking manner at the same time; (4) The breeding box is sent back to the breeding area; after 5-7 days, the breeding box is transported to the automatic screening device; (5) The automatic screening device classifies and collects the black soldier fly larvae and insect droppings in the breeding box. 2. A production system utilizing black soldier flies to process food waste, characterized in that it comprises several breeding boxes placed in a stacking manner, and a food waste pretreatment device, a compost mixing device, Automatic feeding device and automatic screening device, The compost mixing device stirs and mixes the pretreated kitchen waste base material and auxiliary materials to form compost, and the compost mixing device is connected to the automatic feeding device; The automatic feeding device is provided with a conveying device for transporting the breeding boxes, and automatically puts the culture material into the multiple breeding boxes at the same time; The automatic screening device classifies and collects black soldier fly larvae and insect excrement in the breeding box; the breeding box moves between the automatic feeding device, the breeding area and the automatic screening device through a handling device or a conveying device. 3. The production system according to claim 2, wherein the automatic screening device comprises a first screening device for removing foreign matter and a second screening device for separating insect excrement in continuous operation, The second screening device is provided with a black soldier fly larva outlet and an insect excrement outlet. 4. production system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described sifting device also comprises the cultivating box stacking area and the middle unloading area that are positioned at the front end, and a plurality of cultivating boxes in the stacking area go to In the unloading area, a clamping device and a track are set in the unloading area, which can automatically turn over and unload the mixture of black soldier fly larvae and insect excrement in a plurality of breeding boxes to the first screening device Inside. 5. The production system according to claim 4, wherein the stacking area includes a first conveyor belt and two lifting mechanisms, and the first conveyor belt transports the breeding box; one of the lifting mechanisms lifts the breeding box When reaching the clamping position of the clamping mechanism, the other lifting mechanism accepts the culture boxes unloaded by the clamping mechanism for stacking. 6. The production system according to claim 5, wherein the first screening device is a vibrating screen, and the second screening device is a drum screen. 7. The production system according to any one of claims 2-6, wherein the automatic feeding device comprises a hopper, a feeding pipe and a telescopic feeding pipe, and the feeding pipe and the telescopic feeding pipe are multiple and They are connected one by one, and the telescopic feeding tube is provided with a drive device; when the telescopic feeding tube is extended, it is inserted into the corresponding stacked black soldier fly breeding box, and when retracted, the cultivation in the telescopic feeding tube The materials were gradually put into the black soldier fly breeding box. 8. The production system according to claim 7, wherein the feed pipe is connected to the hopper of the feed pipe, and its front end is connected to a plurality of telescopic feed pipes arranged vertically in a single or multiple rows, and the telescopic feed pipe The upper and lower spacing between them matches the opening spacing of the upper and lower breeding boxes; the automatic feeding device is provided with a second conveyor belt for transporting and positioning a plurality of stacked breeding boxes. 9. The production system according to claim 8, wherein the telescopic feeding pipe is composed of inner pipes and outer pipes with different internal diameters that cooperate with each other, and the outer pipe is connected to the driving device; When the outer tube is extended, it is inserted into the opening of the black soldier fly breeding box, and when it is retracted, the culture material in the outer tube is gradually put into the black soldier fly breeding box; the outer tube is driven and controlled by a cylinder. 10. The production system according to claim 9, characterized in that, the feeding side of the compost mixing device is provided with a third conveyor belt for transporting food waste fermentation barrels, and on the hopper of the compost mixing device An overturn jig arm for pouring the food waste base material of the fermenter into it is provided.