CN108317878B - A kind of loop heat pipe evaporator - Google Patents
A kind of loop heat pipe evaporator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108317878B CN108317878B CN201710028834.7A CN201710028834A CN108317878B CN 108317878 B CN108317878 B CN 108317878B CN 201710028834 A CN201710028834 A CN 201710028834A CN 108317878 B CN108317878 B CN 108317878B
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- core
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- heat pipe
- evaporation
- evaporator
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
- F28D15/043—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure forming loops, e.g. capillary pumped loops
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
- F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of loop heat pipe evaporators, belong to Evolution of Thermal Control Technique field.In the evaporator, composite wick is sequentially compounding by evaporation core, heat-insulating core and transmission core；It evaporates core side and is equipped with steam conduit, liquid storage device of the transmission core side close to loop circuit heat pipe；It evaporates core and transmission core is same material, thermal coefficient is greater than heat-insulating core material thermal conductivity, and fusing point is lower than heat-insulating core material melting point；Case material fusing point is more than or equal to evaporation core and transmission core material fusing point；Evaporating core, transmission core and heat-insulating core is dusty material, is put in shell, evaporates core and transmission core Thermocompressed sintering and forming and housing seal, heat-insulating core are powder；It transmits core dusty material partial size and is more than or equal to evaporation core dusty material partial size.The evaporator, which is effectively reduced to liquid storage device, leaks heat, increases permeability while promoting capillary force, solves the problems, such as that loop heat pipe capillary core thermal coefficient and permeability are difficult to take into account and promotes heat transfer property and promote starting performance, operation stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of loop heat pipe evaporators, belong to Evolution of Thermal Control Technique field.
Background technique
Loop circuit heat pipe is a kind of efficient two-phase heat-transfer equipment, with high heat-transfer performance, transmits heat, excellent at a distance
Temperature control characteristic and the features such as being arbitrarily bent, be easy for installation of pipeline, due to unrivaled with numerous other heat-transfer equipments
Advantage, loop circuit heat pipe have very broad prospect of application in the various fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics and ground-based electronic equipment heat dissipation
(Zhang Hongxing, the theory and experimental study of loop circuit heat pipe two-phase heat transfer technology, doctoral thesis, BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2016
Year).
Loop circuit heat pipe mainly includes evaporator, condenser, liquid storage device, vapor line and liquid line.Entire cyclic process
As follows: capillary core outer surface evaporation of the liquid in evaporator absorbs the heat outside evaporator, and the steam of generation is from vapor line
Condenser is flowed to, heat is discharged within the condenser to heat sink and is condensed into liquid, finally flow into liquid storage device, liquid storage by liquid line
Liquid working substance in device maintains the supply to capillary wick in evaporator.
Because its required installation space is small, plate evaporator is easily installed plate loop circuit heat pipe with heat source plane, is close
Research hotspot and focus on the application direction over year.According to structure difference, plate loop circuit heat pipe is broadly divided into two kinds of forms.The first
Form is disc plate loop circuit heat pipe, and evaporator is disc, and evaporator and liquid storage device capillary wick keep apart (R.Singh
et al.,Operational characteristics of a miniature loop heat pipe with flat
evaporator,International Journal of Thermal Sciences(2008),doi:10.1016/
j.ijthermalsci.2007.12.013.).Second of form is rectangular plate loop circuit heat pipe, and liquid storage device is placed in evaporator one
Side (Yu.Maydanik*, S.Vershinin, M.Chernysheva, S.Yushakova, Investigation of a
compact copper water loop heap pipe with a flat evaporator,Applied thermal
Engineering,31(2011),3533-3541.)。
Capillary wick is the core component of loop heat pipe evaporator, and main function is as follows: on the one hand, porous structure capillary wick
The surface contacted with heat source provides the capillary of driving working medium circulation as evaporating surface, the capillary keyhole formation meniscus of evaporating surface
Driving force, after liquid circulation flows into liquid storage device, the liquid of liquid storage device is sucked evaporator again by capillary wick.On the other hand, capillary wick
Itself seals off evaporator and liquid storage device, recycle steam can only from external loop, the gas penetration for preventing evaporator from generating
Capillary wick enters liquid storage device, and circulation is caused to fail.
For heat transfer property, starting performance and the operation stability for improving loop circuit heat pipe, capillary wick is wanted there are two aspect
It asks:
(1) from the angle for promoting heat transfer property, capillary wick evaporation side answers thermal coefficient with higher to improve evaporation
Heat exchange property reduces the evaporation and heat-exchange temperature difference；There should be lesser capillary aperture simultaneously to improve REFRIGERATION SYSTEM DRIVEN BY CAPILLARY FORCE power, increase loop heat
Pipe limit heat-transfer capability.
(2) from the angle for promoting starting performance and operation stability, capillary wick should have lesser thermal coefficient to subtract
The small leakage heat from evaporator to liquid storage device is to form the temperature difference (i.e. pressure difference) between the two；There should be larger capillary aperture simultaneously
Permeability is promoted, the resistance that liquid flows to evaporator from liquid storage device is reduced.
Above-mentioned two requirement is contradictory.To solve the above problems, the document and related patents published both at home and abroad, main
The method to be taken is the double-deck wick structure using different pore size and thermal coefficient.Document proposes the structure of the double-deck capillary wick
Form.Evaporation side capillary wick small particle, high thermal conductivity coefficient are powder sintered, and feed flow side is sintered (Wang with big partial size low thermal conductivity
Double phoenix, for the small plate loop circuit heat pipe experimental study of video card heat dissipation, Bai Lizhan in 2012, Lin Guiping, loop circuit heat pipe is multiple
Close the analysis of core heat transfer and flow characteristic, Beijing Institute of Aeronautics journal, V35 (12), the heat transfer of in December, 2009, Li Qiang composite construction capillary evaporator
Characteristic research, in 2015).
The double-deck capillary wick is theoretically feasible, but when implementing, there are problems that two: 1) two kinds of capillary wick sintering
Temperature is different, it is difficult to and one sintering, dissimilar metal interface are difficult to combine well, once generating bubble or steam at gap,
The feed flow of capillary wick will be blocked.2) the double-deck capillary wick is also more difficult to the isolating seal of evaporator and liquid storage device.
Summary of the invention
In view of the defects existing in the prior art, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of loop heat pipe evaporator, institutes
The composite wick stated in evaporator has three-layer composite structure；The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of loop circuit heat pipe,
The evaporator of the loop circuit heat pipe uses evaporator of the present invention, can effectively reduce evaporator to liquid storage device and leak heat, be promoted
Increase permeability while capillary force, solves loop heat pipe capillary core thermal coefficient and permeability is difficult to take into account promotion heat transfer property
The technical issues of with starting performance, operation stability is promoted.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of loop heat pipe evaporator, the evaporator are made of shell and composite wick, wherein the compound capillary
Core is sequentially compounding by three layers of core of evaporation core, heat-insulating core and transmission, wherein and heat-insulating core is located among evaporation core and transmission core,
It evaporates core side not adjacent with heat-insulating core and is equipped with steam conduit, transmission core side not adjacent with heat-insulating core is close to loop circuit heat pipe
Liquid storage device；It evaporates core and transmission core uses same material, thermal coefficient is greater than the thermal coefficient of heat-insulating core material, and fusing point is low
In heat-insulating core material melting point；Shell is more than or equal to evaporation core using the fusing point of material and transmits the fusing point of core material.
The evaporation core is made using dusty material hot pressed sintering, partial size preferably 300 mesh~1000 mesh, to provide big capillary
Power；The transmission core is made using dusty material hot pressed sintering, and partial size is more than or equal to evaporation core dusty material partial size, and partial size is preferred
50 mesh~300 mesh, to provide big permeability；The evaporation core and transmission core material are preferably copper, nickel or aluminium.
Heat-insulating core uses dusty material, and 50 mesh of preferable particle size~300 mesh, material is preferably stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloy or gold
Belong to oxide.
It is preferred that evaporation core and the thermal coefficient of transmission core material differ 1 order of magnitude with the thermal coefficient of heat-insulating core material,
It is preferred that heat-insulating core material melting point, is greater than 100 DEG C with evaporation core and transmission core material fusing point difference.
Evaporation core and transmission core are placed in Thermocompressed sintering and forming in shell, and fit closely realization sealing with shell wall side,
The heat-insulating core for being clipped in center is pulverulence.
It is preferred that the evaporator is rectangular plate, disc plate or cylinder.
It is preferred that steam conduit is rectangle, circle or trapezoidal；More preferably steam conduit is circle, is evenly distributed on evaporation core
On.
Evaporator shell body thickness is preferably smaller than 1mm.
A kind of preparation method of loop heat pipe evaporator of the present invention, the method are hot pressing sintering method, specific steps
It is as follows:
Shell is fitted into mold, it is uniform then will to evaporate core material powder, heat-insulating core material powder and transmission core powder
Consolidation is packed into corresponding position in mold, under sintering temperature corresponding to the dusty material used in evaporation core and transmission core, applies
It is enough to make to evaporate core and transmits the pressure that core and shell fit closely, Thermocompressed sintering and forming, when evaporation core and transmission core powder material
Material cools down after sufficiently forming metallurgical bonding between sintering, powder, and demoulding obtains the loop heat pipe evaporator；Wherein, the mold
Corresponding steam channel shape structure is equipped at evaporation core setting steam conduit.
Thermocompressed sintering and forming is usually carried out under vacuum or protective gas, the guarantor using normal condition in the prior art
Protecting gas is usually nitrogen (N2) or argon gas (Ar)；When evaporation core and dusty material used in core is transmitted as easy oxidation metal (such as copper
Deng) when, it needs to be passed through reducibility gas (such as hydrogen) and is restored；Sintering furnace can be used and carry out hot pressed sintering.
Preferred mold is made of limiting tool, steam conduit forming frock and pressure-applying tooling, described compound according to the present invention
The structure and shape of capillary wick design the structure and shape of the tooling, and are applied in combination.
When the evaporator is rectangular plate formula or flat disc, steps are as follows for preparation method:
(1) steam conduit forming frock is fitted on limiting tool, shell is fixed on limiting tool；
(2) being packed into the evaporation uniform consolidation of core dusty material in shell, evaporation core setting steam conduit side and steaming
Air drain road forming frock is in close contact；
(3) being packed into the uniform consolidation of heat-insulating core dusty material in shell is located at the evaporation not set steam conduit one of core
Side；
(4) being packed into the transmission uniform consolidation of core dusty material in shell is located at heat-insulating core side；
(5) pressure-applying tooling is inserted into shell, is placed on the outside of transmission core material, the mold and compound hair assembled
Thin core material；
(6) mold assembled and composite wick material are put into sintering furnace, apply pressure on the outside of pressure-applying tooling, into
Row Thermocompressed sintering and forming；
(7) it is demoulded after forming, at the top of encapsulation upper housing, obtains a kind of rectangular plate formula or the flat loop heat of disc
Pipe evaporator.
When the evaporator is cylindrical, steps are as follows for preparation method:
(1) it combines shell with the limiting tool of evaporation core, gap is cylindrical structure, for being packed into evaporation core powder
There are distances for the limiting tool bottom of material, fixed evaporator conduit tooling, steam conduit tooling and evaporation core, more than one
Steam conduit tooling is distributed in casing surroundings, and is bonded with inner walls face；
(2) by evaporate core dusty material be packed into shell and evaporate core limiting tool combinational gap in, and with press work
Dress, which applies pressure, will evaporate the compacting of core dusty material, and the height that core is evaporated after compacting is lower than body height；
(3) limiting tool of removal evaporation core, installs the limiting tool of heat-insulating core, the limiting tool of heat-insulating core with fill
Evaporation core between there are cylindrical structure gaps；
It (4) first will be described in evaporation core dusty material filling step (3) in cylindrical structure gap, then by heat-insulating core powder material
Material filling is entered, and is applied pressure with pressure-applying tooling and be compacted heat-insulating core dusty material, highly consistent with evaporation core；
(5) limiting tool of heat-insulating core is removed, the limiting tool of installation transmission core transmits the limiting tool of core and fills
Evaporation core and heat-insulating core between there are cylindrical structure gaps；
(6) transmission core dusty material is inserted in cylindrical structure gap described in step (4), and is applied with pressure-applying tooling and is pressed
Heat-insulating core dusty material is compacted by power, and the height for transmitting core is higher than heat-insulating core and evaporation core height, is coated on evaporation core at top
With heat-insulating core top outer；The mold and composite wick material assembled；
(7) mold assembled and composite wick material are put into sintering furnace, apply pressure on the outside of pressure-applying tooling, into
Row Thermocompressed sintering and forming；
(8) it is demoulded after forming, at the top of encapsulation upper housing, obtains a kind of cylindrical loop heat pipe evaporator.
A kind of loop circuit heat pipe mainly includes evaporator, condenser, liquid storage device, vapor line and liquid line, wherein institute
Stating evaporator is loop heat pipe evaporator of the present invention.
Beneficial effect
1. the evaporator uses three layers of composite wick the present invention provides a kind of loop heat pipe evaporator, pass through heat
The evaporation core of metallurgical structure is formed between pressure sintering powder and transmits core and is clipped in center in powdered heat-insulating core for un-sintered, is sintered into
The evaporation core and transmission core and shell wall side of type fit closely realization sealing, can powdered heat-insulating core be sealed and be fixed；
In unsintered powder insulation sandwich layer, on the one hand, since powder is the point contact of non-metallurgical bonding, because thermal contact resistance is deposited
, than the evaporation core of metallurgical bonding and transmission core thermal resistance it is bigger, can preferably play reduce leakage heat effect, have preferably every
Thermal effect；On the other hand, compared to the evaporation core of metallurgical bonding and transmission core, the powder bed of heat-insulating core loose condition (of surface) also has more preferably
Permeability, leakage heat of the evaporator to liquid storage device can be effectively reduced, promote product starting performance and operation stability；Reduce simultaneously
Circulating resistance in composite wick of the present invention promotes the heat transfer property of product.
2. the present invention provides a kind of loop heat pipe evaporators, wherein evaporation core and transmission core in composite wick can
To select the powder sintered of different-grain diameter to form, small-bore evaporation core can be used and increase REFRIGERATION SYSTEM DRIVEN BY CAPILLARY FORCE power, can be used simultaneously
Flow resistance of the core reduction by capillary wick is transmitted in large aperture, final to promote product heat transfer property.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is steam conduit forming frock and limit during embodiment 1 prepares rectangular plate formula loop heat pipe evaporator
Left view sectional view after tooling assembly.
Fig. 2 is steam conduit forming frock and limit during embodiment 1 prepares rectangular plate formula loop heat pipe evaporator
Main view sectional view after tooling assembly.
Fig. 3 is shell, steam conduit forming frock during embodiment 1 prepares rectangular plate formula loop heat pipe evaporator
With the left view sectional view after limiting tool assembly.
Fig. 4 is shell, steam conduit forming frock during embodiment 1 prepares rectangular plate formula loop heat pipe evaporator
With the main view sectional view after limiting tool assembly.
Fig. 5 be embodiment 1 prepare rectangular plate formula loop heat pipe evaporator during, shell, steam conduit forming frock,
Main view sectional view after limiting tool and the assembly of composite wick material.
Fig. 6 is the mold assembled and compound capillary during embodiment 1 prepares rectangular plate formula loop heat pipe evaporator
The main view sectional view of core material.
Fig. 7 is that during embodiment 1 prepares rectangular plate formula loop heat pipe evaporator, weight is applied to the mould assembled
Main view sectional view on tool and composite wick material.
Fig. 8 is the main view sectional view of rectangular plate formula loop heat pipe evaporator made from embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is the face upwarding section of rectangular plate formula loop heat pipe evaporator made from embodiment 1.
Figure 10 be embodiment 2 prepare disc flat type loop heat pipe evaporator during, shell with have steam conduit
Main view sectional view after the limiting tool assembly of forming frock.
Figure 11 be embodiment 2 prepare disc flat type loop heat pipe evaporator during, shell, with steam conduit at
Main view sectional view after limiting tool and composite wick the material assembly of type tooling.
Figure 12 is during embodiment 2 prepares disc flat type loop heat pipe evaporator, the mold that assembles and compound
The main view sectional view of capillary core material.
Figure 13 is during embodiment 2 prepares disc flat type loop heat pipe evaporator, weight to be applied to and is assembled
Mold and composite wick material on main view sectional view.
Figure 14 is the main view sectional view of disc flat type loop heat pipe evaporator made from embodiment 2.
Figure 15 is the face upwarding section of disc flat type loop heat pipe evaporator made from embodiment 2.
Figure 16 is shell, steam conduit forming frock and dress during embodiment 3 prepares cylindrical loop heat pipe evaporator
Main view sectional view after limiting tool assembly equipped with evaporation core pore-forming post.
Figure 17 is to add after being packed into evaporation core dusty material during embodiment 3 prepares cylindrical loop heat pipe evaporator
Main view sectional view after upper evaporation core pressure-applying tooling.
Figure 18 is to remove evaporation core pressure-applying tooling during embodiment 3 prepares cylindrical loop heat pipe evaporator, will limit
The pore-forming post of tooling is assembled to the main view sectional view after housing bottom after being changed to heat-insulating core pore-forming post.
Figure 19 is during embodiment 3 prepares cylindrical loop heat pipe evaporator, to be packed into evaporation core and heat-insulating core powder
Plus the main view sectional view after heat-insulating core pressure-applying tooling after material.
Figure 20 is during embodiment 3 prepares cylindrical loop heat pipe evaporator, to remove heat-insulating core pressure-applying tooling, will limit
The pore-forming post of tooling is assembled to the main view sectional view after housing bottom after being changed to transmission core pore-forming post.
Figure 21 is the mold and composite wick that assemble during embodiment 3 prepares cylindrical loop heat pipe evaporator
The main view sectional view of material.
Figure 22 is the main view sectional view of cylinder loop heat pipe evaporator made from embodiment 3.
Figure 23 is the face upwarding section of cylinder loop heat pipe evaporator made from embodiment 3.
Figure 24 is heat-transfer capability test system structure signal in embodiment.
Wherein, 1-shell, 2-evaporation cores, 3-heat-insulating cores, 4-transmission cores, 5-steam conduits, 6-limiting tools,
7-steam conduit forming frocks, 8-pressure-applying toolings, 9-weights, 10-cold plates, 11-pipelines, 12-heaters, 13-thermometrics
Point, 14-evaporators
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.
14 performance of loop heat pipe evaporator made from following embodiment is tested, test method is as follows:
(1) capillary force is tested:
According to " measurement in GB/T 5249-2013 permeability sintered metal materials bubble test aperture is tested " into
The test of row capillary force, at 20 DEG C, tested evaporator 14 is impregnated in deionized water, is sufficiently impregnated, by 14 one end of evaporator
It is gradually passed through high pressure gas, observation other end bubble emits artificial situation, and when first bubble is emerged, record is passed through evaporator at this time
14 pressure, this pressure are the capillary force of evaporator 14.General partial size is smaller, and capillary force is bigger, and measuring capillary force should meet
Product actual operation requirements.
(2) heat-transfer capability is tested:
Composition: heat-transfer capability test macro is made of heater 12, cold plate 10, pipeline 11 and temperature measuring point 13, such as Figure 24 institute
Show.
Principle: the evaporator 14 is mounted in heat-transfer capability test macro, and phase-change working substance, institute are filled in the system
Evaporator 14 is stated after by the heating of heater 12, forms hot steam in 14 exit of evaporator, steam pressure gradually rises and drives
Liquid flows in system, and 12 heat of heater is transferred to cold plate 10 by way of hot steam and is cooled down, in cold plate 10
Hot steam is condensed into liquid, and then along evaporator 14 is sent in pipeline 11 back to again, the temperature of such evaporator 14 can be maintained
One stable temperature.
Wherein: cold plate 10 is copper metal plate, and U-type groove is provided on the space of a whole page, pipeline 11 is embedded in U-type groove, is used for
Liquid in pipeline 11 is cooled down from the heat that evaporator 14 is taken out of.
Pipeline 11: pipeline 11 is stainless steel material, outer diameter 3mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, for carrying out liquid in pipeline 11
Orientation is transported, and liquid is transported to cold plate 10 through the evaporator 14 in system, returns again to the evaporator 14 from cold plate 10.
Heater 12: heater 12 is test with original part is replaced, and substitutes the component for needing to radiate in actual use, generally
It is required that radiator is capable of providing required power, cooperation D.C. regulated power supply is used.Area is generally than steam in evaporator 14
The area that conduit is surrounded is smaller, and it is 20mm*20mm that 12 area of heater is used in heat-transfer capability test system and test.
Temperature measuring point 13: temperature measuring point 13 is T-type thermocouple, and for monitoring 14 temperature of evaporator, cooperation display makes when monitoring
With.It is fitted in 14 surface of evaporator.
Heat-transfer capability test is carried out by GB/T 14812-2008 adopting heat pipes for heat transfer method for testing performance.
Embodiment 1
A kind of rectangular plate formula loop heat pipe evaporator 14, shell 1 is rectangle, having a size of 30mm*60mm*2mm, with a thickness of
0.5mm, material are stainless steel, using the mold being made of limiting tool 6, steam conduit forming frock 7 and pressure-applying tooling 8；Its
In, 6 bottom of limiting tool is rectangle, which is provided with the positive stop lug boss of rectangle, and shell 1 can cover on positive stop lug boss and close with it
Cooperation, steam conduit forming frock 7 are strip, and section is square, having a size of 1mm*1mm, is formed by 17, pressure-applying tooling
8 can be placed in tune with 1 inside of shell and be fitted close；Steps are as follows for preparation method:
(1) steam conduit forming frock 7 is securely fitted on limiting tool 6, and is neatly arranged close to positive stop lug boss side
It arranges, positive stop lug boss 20mm is stretched out at the top of steam conduit forming frock 7, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2；Shell 1 is fixed on limiting tool
On 6 positive stop lug boss, steam conduit forming frock 7 is close to 14 shell of evaporator, 1 inner wall, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
(2) enter 500 mesh spherical copper powders as evaporation 2 mixture of core in shell 1, uniform ram-jolt is highly steamed not cross
7 5mm of air drain road forming frock, evaporation 2 material of core setting 5 side of steam conduit and steam conduit forming frock 7 are in close contact；
(3) enter to evaporate 2 material top of core using 500 mesh spherical stainless steel powder as 3 mixture of heat-insulating core, uniform ram-jolt,
Height is 3mm；
(4) enter 3 material top of heat-insulating core, uniform ram-jolt, height for 300 mesh spherical copper powders as transmission 4 mixture of core
For 3mm, as shown in Figure 5；
(5) pressure-applying tooling 8 is inserted into shell 1 on transmission 4 top of core, is placed in transmission 4 outer material side top of core, pressure
It is higher than shell 1, the mold assembled and composite wick material at the top of tooling 8, as shown in Figure 6；
(6) apply weight 9 on pressure-applying tooling 8, as shown in fig. 7, weight 9 is to composite wick material application pressure
3kg/cm2；And it is put into the solid solution sintering that material is carried out in high temperature sintering furnace, sintering temperature is 750 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1h, heating rate
For 10 DEG C/min, sintering process is passed through flowing hydrogen in high temperature sintering furnace, and throughput 2ml/min is natural after the completion of sintering
It is cooled and shaped.
(7) after forming, limiting tool 6, pressure-applying tooling 8, weight 9 and steam conduit forming frock 7 are removed, encapsulate upper casing
The top of body 1, obtains a kind of rectangular plate formula loop heat pipe evaporator 14, evaporates core 2 with a thickness of 25mm, heat-insulating core 3 with a thickness of
3mm transmits core 4 with a thickness of 3mm, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9.
14 performance of loop heat pipe evaporator made from the present embodiment is tested, test result is as follows
(1) capillary force is tested:
Capillary force is 33.0kPa.
(2) heat-transfer capability is tested:
The evaporator 14 is connected into heat-transfer capability test macro, the system normally starts after 5s, and evaporator 14 is transported
Trip temperature is 30 DEG C, and limit heat-transfer capability is greater than 100W.
In addition, material according to used by the present embodiment composite wick thermal coefficient itself and big partial size powder sintering
Realize the property of big permeability liquid transmission it is found that loop heat pipe evaporator 14 made from the present embodiment has thermal conductivity good
The big feature with permeability.
Embodiment 2
A kind of disc flat type loop heat pipe evaporator 14, shell 1 are cylinder, diameter 25mm, high 1cm, thickness
For 0.5mm, material is stainless steel, using the mold being made of limiting tool 6, steam conduit forming frock 7 and pressure-applying tooling 8；
Wherein, limiting tool 6 is disc, and surface process steam conduit forming frock 7, structure is seven square protrusions, section
Having a size of 1mm*1mm, circumferential profile is in disk form, and shell 1 can be covered just in steam conduit forming frock 7, and pressure-applying tooling 8 can be proper
It is put into 1 inside of shell well and is fitted close；Steps are as follows for preparation method:
(1) steam conduit forming frock 7 is securely fitted on limiting tool 6, and is neatly arranged close to positive stop lug boss side
Column, 7 height of steam conduit forming frock are 1mm；Shell 1 is fixed on limiting tool 6, as shown in Figure 10；
(2) enter 500 mesh spherical copper powders as evaporation 2 mixture of core in shell 1, uniform ram-jolt is highly steamed not cross
7 3mm of air drain road forming frock, evaporation 2 material of core setting 5 side of steam conduit and steam conduit forming frock 7 are in close contact；
(3) enter to evaporate 2 material top of core, uniform ram-jolt, height for 300 mesh sized spherical titanium powders as 3 mixture of heat-insulating core
For 2mm；
(4) enter 3 material top of heat-insulating core, uniform ram-jolt, height for 200 mesh spherical copper powders as transmission 4 mixture of core
For 2mm, as shown in figure 11；
(5) pressure-applying tooling 8 is inserted into shell 1 on transmission 4 top of core, is placed in transmission 4 outer material side top of core, pressure
It is higher than shell 1, the mold assembled and composite wick material at the top of tooling 8, as shown in figure 12；
(6) apply weight 9 on pressure-applying tooling 8, as shown in figure 13, weight 9 applies pressure to composite wick material and is
3kg/cm2；And it is put into the vacuum solid solution sintering that material is carried out in high temperature sintering furnace, sintering temperature is 750 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1h, heating
Rate is 10 DEG C/min, and natural cooling forms after the completion of sintering.
(7) after forming, limiting tool 6, pressure-applying tooling 8 and weight 9 with steam conduit forming frock 7 are removed, sealed
1 top of shell is loaded onto, a kind of disc flat type loop heat pipe evaporator 14 is obtained, evaporates 2 thickness 4mm of core, 3 thickness of heat-insulating core
2mm transmits 4 thickness 2mm of core, as shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15.
14 performance of loop heat pipe evaporator made from the present embodiment is tested, test result is as follows
(1) capillary force is tested:
Capillary force is 34.2kPa.
(2) heat-transfer capability is tested:
The evaporator 14 is connected into heat-transfer capability test macro, the system normally starts after 16s, and evaporator 14 is transported
Trip temperature is 50 DEG C, and limit heat-transfer capability is greater than 60W.
In addition, material according to used by the present embodiment composite wick thermal coefficient itself and big partial size powder sintering
Realize the property of big permeability liquid transmission it is found that loop heat pipe evaporator 14 made from the present embodiment has thermal conductivity good
The big feature with permeability.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cylinder loop heat pipe evaporator 14, shell 1 is cylindrical, diameter 13mm, high 100mm, with a thickness of
0.5mm, material are stainless steel, using the mold being made of limiting tool 6, steam conduit forming frock 7 and pressure-applying tooling 8；Its
In, 6 bottom of limiting tool is cylinder, which is provided with cylindrical positive stop lug boss, and positive stop lug boss is equipped with cylindrical pore-forming
Column, pore-forming post are the descending evaporation core pore-forming post of diameter, heat-insulating core pore-forming post and transmission core pore-forming post, match cylinder respectively
Shape evaporates core 2, heat-insulating core 3 and the diameter of bore for transmitting core 4, and 7 structure of steam conduit forming frock is 1mm by eight diameters, long
The cylindrical body that degree is 80mm forms, and it is diameter of bore that it is cylinder that top, which is equipped with bending for hanging over shell 1, pressure-applying tooling 8,
Descending evaporation core pressure-applying tooling, heat-insulating core pressure-applying tooling and transmission core pressure-applying tooling, respectively matching evaporation core pore-forming post,
The diameter of heat-insulating core pore-forming post and transmission core pore-forming post, 8 outer diameter of pressure-applying tooling satisfaction can be placed in tune with 1 inside of shell and closely match
It closes, inner hole can be used for the insertion of pore-forming post；Steps are as follows for preparation method:
When the evaporator 14 is cylindrical, preparation method can be used, and specific step is as follows:
(1) assembly is combined in 1 bottom of shell with the positive stop lug boss of limiting tool 6, the pore-forming post on limiting tool 6 is at this time
Core pore-forming post is evaporated, it is cylindrical structure that there are gaps between shell 1 and evaporation core pore-forming post, for being packed into evaporation 2 powder of core
Material hangs over steam conduit forming frock 7 on shell 1,6 bottom of limiting tool of steam conduit forming frock 7 and evaporation core 2
There are 1cm distances, and totally 8 are evenly distributed on around shell 1, and are bonded with 1 inner wall of shell, as shown in figure 16；
(2) enter 800 mesh globular powdered nickels as evaporation 2 mixture of core in gap described in step (1), in evaporation core 2
Material top will evaporate in core pressure-applying tooling insertion shell 1, and the inner hole of evaporation core pressure-applying tooling can be used for evaporating core pore-forming post
Insertion applies 3kg/cm2The pressure of pressure will evaporate the compacting of 2 material of core, and the height that 2 material of core is evaporated after compacting is lower than shell 1
Height 1cm, with a thickness of 2mm, as shown in figure 17；
(3) limiting tool 6 and evaporation core pressure-applying tooling are removed, pore-forming post is changed to heat-insulating core pore-forming post, then will limit
Tooling 6 is assembled to 1 bottom of shell, is cylindrical structure there are gap between shell 1 and heat-insulating core pore-forming post, for be packed into every
Hot 3 material of core, as shown in figure 18；
(4) first enter step (3) described gap for 800 mesh globular powdered nickels as evaporation 2 mixture of core, with a thickness of 5mm, then
Enter step (3) described gap for 100 mesh spherical alumina aluminium powders as 3 mixture of heat-insulating core, it will be every on 3 material top of heat-insulating core
In hot core pressure-applying tooling insertion shell 1, the inner hole of heat-insulating core pressure-applying tooling can be used for the insertion of heat-insulating core pore-forming post, apply 3kg/
cm23 material of heat-insulating core is compacted by the pressure of pressure, and the height of 3 material of heat-insulating core is lower than 1 height 1cm of shell after compacting, with a thickness of
1mm, as shown in figure 19；
(5) limiting tool 6 and heat-insulating core pressure-applying tooling are removed, pore-forming post is changed to transmission core pore-forming post, then will limit
Tooling 6 is assembled to 1 bottom of shell, and there are gaps between shell 1 and transmission core pore-forming post, is cylindrical structure, passes for being packed into
Defeated 4 material of core, as shown in figure 20；
(6) enter 100 mesh globular powdered nickels as transmission 4 mixture of core in cylindrical structure gap described in step (5),
Transmit 4 material top of core will transmit core pressure-applying tooling insertion shell 1 in, transmission core pressure-applying tooling inner hole can be used for transmitting core at
The insertion of hole post applies 3kg/cm2The pressure of pressure will transmit 4 material of core compacting, after compacting transmit 4 material height of core be higher than every
Hot core 3 and evaporation 2 height 5mm of core are coated on evaporation core 2 and 3 top outer of heat-insulating core at top, are assembled with a thickness of 1mm
Good mold and composite wick material, as shown in figure 21；
(7) mold assembled and composite wick material are put into sintering furnace, apply weight 9 on pressure-applying tooling 8,
It is 3kg/cm that weight 9, which applies pressure to composite wick material,2, it is put into the solid solution sintering for carrying out material in high temperature sintering furnace, is burnt
Junction temperature is 950 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1h, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, and sintering process is passed through flowing hydrogen, throughput in high temperature furnace
Control natural cooling after the completion of 2ml/min, sintering forms；
(8) it is demoulded after forming, 1 top of encapsulation upper housing obtains a kind of cylindrical loop heat pipe evaporator 14, evaporates core 2
Thickness 2mm, 3 thickness 1mm of heat-insulating core transmit 4 thickness 1mm of core, as shown in Figure 22 and Figure 23.
14 performance of loop heat pipe evaporator made from the present embodiment is tested, test result is as follows
(1) capillary force is tested:
Capillary force is 41kPa.
(2) heat-transfer capability is tested:
The evaporator 14 is connected into heat-transfer capability test macro, the system normally starts after 11s, and evaporator 14 is transported
Trip temperature is 40 DEG C, and limit heat-transfer capability is greater than 300W.
In addition, material according to used by the present embodiment composite wick thermal coefficient itself and big partial size powder sintering
Realize the property of big permeability liquid transmission it is found that loop heat pipe evaporator 14 made from the present embodiment has thermal conductivity good
And the feature that permeability is big.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of loop heat pipe evaporator, it is characterised in that: the evaporator (14) is made of shell (1) and composite wick；
Composite wick is sequentially compounding by (4) three layers of core of evaporation core (2), heat-insulating core (3) and transmission；Heat-insulating core (3) is located at evaporation
Core (2) and transmission core (4) are intermediate, and evaporating core (2), adjacent side is equipped with steam conduit (5) not with heat-insulating core (3), transmit core
(4) not liquid storage device of the adjacent side close to loop circuit heat pipe with heat-insulating core (3)；It evaporates core (2) and transmission core (4) uses material of the same race
Material, thermal coefficient is greater than the thermal coefficient of heat-insulating core (3) material, and fusing point is lower than the fusing point of heat-insulating core (3) material；Shell
(1) fusing point of material is more than or equal to evaporation core (2) and transmits the fusing point of core (4) material；
Evaporation core (2), transmission core (4) and heat-insulating core (3) are all made of dusty material, are placed in shell (1), evaporation core (2) and
Transmission core (4) Thermocompressed sintering and forming simultaneously fits closely realization sealing with shell (1) wall surface, and the heat-insulating core (3) for being clipped in center is kept
Pulverulence；The partial size for transmitting core (4) material is more than or equal to the partial size of evaporation core (2) material.
2. a kind of loop heat pipe evaporator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: evaporation core (2) uses dusty material
Partial size be 300 mesh~1000 mesh, transmission core (4) use the partial size of dusty material for 50 mesh~300 mesh, heat-insulating core (3) use
The partial size of dusty material is 50 mesh~300 mesh.
3. a kind of loop heat pipe evaporator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: evaporation core (2) and transmission core (4) material
The thermal coefficient of material differs 1 order of magnitude with the thermal coefficient of heat-insulating core (3) material.
4. a kind of loop heat pipe evaporator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: heat-insulating core (3) material melting point, with steaming
It sends out core (2) and transmission core (4) material melting point difference is greater than 100 DEG C.
5. a kind of loop heat pipe evaporator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: evaporation core (2) and transmission core (4) material
Material is copper, nickel or aluminium, and heat-insulating core (3) material is stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloy or metal oxide.
6. a kind of loop heat pipe evaporator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: evaporator (14) be rectangular plate,
Disc plate or cylinder；Steam conduit (5) is rectangle, circle or trapezoidal.
7. a kind of loop heat pipe evaporator according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: steam conduit (5) is round, uniform
It is distributed in evaporation core (2).
8. a kind of loop heat pipe evaporator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: evaporator (14) shell (1) thickness
Less than 1mm.
9. a kind of loop heat pipe evaporator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: evaporation core (2) and transmission core (4) material
The thermal coefficient of material differs 1 order of magnitude with the thermal coefficient of heat-insulating core (3) material；Heat-insulating core (3) material melting point, with evaporation core
(2) and transmission core (4) material melting point difference is greater than 100 DEG C；Evaporator (14) is rectangular plate, disc plate or cylinder；It steams
Air drain road (5) is rectangle, circle or trapezoidal；Evaporator (14) shell (1) thickness is less than 1mm.
It mainly include evaporator 10. a kind of loop circuit heat pipe, condenser, liquid storage device, vapor line and liquid line, feature exist
In: evaporator (14) is such as loop heat pipe evaporator according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN109990631A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-07-09 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Can Double-side Heating evaporator and plate loop circuit heat pipe based on the evaporator |
| CN112074072A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Loop heat pipe type photon absorber and heat exchange method thereof |
| CN112179188B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-08-13 | 西安交通大学 | Flat plate type loop heat pipe capable of stably running under high heat leakage and using method |
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| US7124507B1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2006-10-24 | Sandia Corporation | Method of manufacturing a heat pipe wick with structural enhancement |
| CN101026946A (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-29 | 业强科技股份有限公司 | Loop heat-conducting device |
| TW201239306A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-01 | Asia Vital Components Co Ltd | Loop heat pipe structure |
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| US7124507B1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2006-10-24 | Sandia Corporation | Method of manufacturing a heat pipe wick with structural enhancement |
| CN101026946A (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-29 | 业强科技股份有限公司 | Loop heat-conducting device |
| TW201239306A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-01 | Asia Vital Components Co Ltd | Loop heat pipe structure |
| CN102901390A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-30 | 山东大学 | Composite capillary core with differential thermal coefficients for loop heat pipe and preparation method of composite capillary core |
| CN204923989U (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-12-30 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Evaporimeter and heat abstractor of loop heat pipe |
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