CN108306085B - Microstrip circulator with upper and lower combined structure - Google Patents
Microstrip circulator with upper and lower combined structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108306085B CN108306085B CN201810093628.9A CN201810093628A CN108306085B CN 108306085 B CN108306085 B CN 108306085B CN 201810093628 A CN201810093628 A CN 201810093628A CN 108306085 B CN108306085 B CN 108306085B
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/32—Non-reciprocal transmission devices
- H01P1/38—Circulators
- H01P1/383—Junction circulators, e.g. Y-circulators
- H01P1/387—Strip line circulators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microstrip circulator with an up-down composite structure, which belongs to the field of microwave components and comprises a permanent magnet (5), a dielectric sheet (4) and a bottom plate (2) from top to bottom in sequence, and is characterized in that: a low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate (10) is arranged between the dielectric sheet (4) and the bottom plate (2), a microstrip circuit (3) is arranged on the upper surface of the low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate (10), a high-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate (11) is embedded on the bottom plate (2), and the Gao Ciju ferrite substrate (11) is adjacent to the low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate (10); the invention effectively reduces the low field loss caused by the unsaturated magnetization of the high magnetic moment ferrite material, improves the normalized magnetic moment P of the microstrip circulator, expands the working bandwidth of the circulator, has the working bandwidth of 7GHz-13GHz, the transmission loss of less than or equal to 0.4 dB, the port standing wave of less than or equal to 1.4 and the isolation of more than or equal to 15.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave components, in particular to a microstrip circulator with an upper-lower combined structure.
Background
The circulator is an important basic device in microwave engineering, and is widely applied to various civil and military equipment such as civil communication, microwave measurement, radars, communication, electronic countermeasure, aerospace and the like. The circulator is mainly used for realizing the antenna receiving and transmitting sharing, interstage isolation and the like in equipment. The microstrip circulator has quite important roles in the development of modern radar communication systems due to the characteristics of small volume, light weight and easy integration, and is mainly an active phased array TR module at present, so that with the development of active phased array radars, urgent demands are made on the microstrip circulator with wider frequency bands and larger power capacity.
As shown in fig. 1, a conventional microstrip circulator uses a ferrite material as a microstrip substrate, namely a ferrite substrate 1, and the upper and lower surfaces of the ferrite substrate 1 are metallized by sputtering equipment, wherein the upper surface is a microstrip circuit, the lower surface is ground, the lower surface is welded with a bottom plate, and the bottom plate and the lower surface of the ferrite form a common ground. The ferrite substrate 1 realizes the annular transmission of signals under the magnetization effect of the permanent magnet: port A7 transmits to port B8, port B8 transmits to port C9, and port C9 transmits to port A7.
In the figure, the dielectric sheet 4 has the functions of adjusting the magnetic field intensity and reducing the influence of the permanent magnet on the annular microstrip circuit, and the compensation sheet 6 has the function of adjusting the performance parameters at the temperature of the circulator.
The technical problems and defects of the conventional power divider are mainly as follows:
1. for the microstrip circulator in the low-field working mode, the selection of the saturation magnetization of the gyromagnetic ferrite substrate directly influences the working bandwidth of the circulator.
The relation between the saturation magnetization intensity 4 pi Ms of the gyromagnetic ferrite material and the working frequency f is as follows:
4πMs＝P·2πf/γ
gamma is the gyromagnetic ratio of the electron spin, which is equal to 2.21×10 5 rad·m/(S·A)
P is normalized saturated magnetic moment, dimensionless, low-field working mode, and the general value range of P is 0.3-0.7;
the larger the P value is in the range of values, the wider the bandwidth achievable by the circulator. That is, the use of ferrite substrates with high magnetic moment is beneficial for achieving a broadband device.
According to the transmission theory of the microstrip circulator, the circulation performance can be optimally realized only after the ferrite below the center junction of the microstrip circuit is saturated and magnetized, and the ferrite substrate outside the center junction is only used as a microstrip substrate medium, so that the performance of the device is not easy to realize after the magnetization.
However, in actual product operation, the ferrite substrate is used as a whole substrate, and the externally applied magnetic field cannot accurately perform saturation magnetization on the central junction area of the ferrite substrate, but does not perform magnetization on ferrite outside the central junction. Unsaturated magnetization of ferrite substrate in region other than central junction
The low field loss directly affects the working bandwidth of the product, and particularly when the normalized magnetic moment P value is larger, the saturation magnetization of the material is selected to be higher, so that the low field loss is larger.
The conventional microstrip circulator structure cannot expand the bandwidth by adopting ferrite materials with high saturation magnetization due to the limitation of the structure. The bandwidth can only be about 40%, such as an 8GHz-12GHz microstrip circulator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microstrip circulator with an up-down composite structure so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the microstrip circulator with the upper and lower combined structures sequentially comprises a permanent magnet, a dielectric sheet and a bottom plate from top to bottom, wherein a low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate is arranged between the dielectric sheet and the bottom plate, a microstrip circuit is arranged on the upper surface of the low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate, a high-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate is embedded on the bottom plate, and the Gao Ciju ferrite substrate is adjacent to the low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate.
The invention forms an upper-lower composite ferrite substrate structure by digging a groove in the center of a bottom plate and embedding a ferrite substrate with high magnetic moment, and welding the ferrite substrate with low magnetic moment above the bottom plate and the bottom plate; the ferrite substrate with high magnetic moment can be well magnetized by an externally-applied bias magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet and the bottom plate; by the mode, the low-field loss caused by unsaturated magnetization of the high-moment ferrite material is effectively reduced, the normalized magnetic moment P of the microstrip circulator is improved, the P value can be improved to be more than 0.5, and the working bandwidth of the circulator is expanded.
As a preferable technical scheme: the saturation magnetization of the low moment ferrite substrate is 1800Gauss.
As a preferable technical scheme: the saturation magnetization of the Gao Ciju ferrite substrate is 2500Gauss.
By adopting the low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate and the high-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate with the saturation magnetization intensity, the value of the product P can reach 0.7.
As previously mentioned, whether the ferrite substrate saturation magnetization belongs to a high-moment ferrite or a low-moment ferrite corresponds to its operating frequency. According to the relation between the saturation magnetization intensity 4 pi Ms of the gyromagnetic ferrite material and the working frequency f, the following formula is adopted:
4πMs＝P·2πf/γ
gamma is the gyromagnetic ratio of the electron spin, which is equal to 2.21×10 5 rad·m/(S·A)
P is normalized saturated magnetic moment, dimensionless, low-field working mode, and the general value range of P is 0.3-0.7;
in the art, ferrite with low magnetic moment is generally considered when the value of P is lower than 0.5, and ferrite with high magnetic moment is considered when the value of P is higher than 0.5. For low-field devices, the smaller the P value, the narrower the working bandwidth of the circulator, but the smaller the in-band loss; the larger the P value, the wider the circulator operating bandwidth and the relatively larger the in-band loss. (magnetic moment = saturation magnetization)
If the P value is above 0.5 in the traditional structure, the low field loss caused by the unsaturated magnetization of the high-moment ferrite directly worsens the device bandwidth, so that the device bandwidth cannot be effectively expanded.
The invention innovatively provides a Gao Ciju circular ferrite substrate compounded below a low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate, the normalized saturation magnetic moment P is more than 0.5, the externally applied bias magnetic field can carry out complete saturation magnetization on the regular high-magnetic-moment circular ferrite substrate, the generation of low field loss is stopped, and the structural scheme can effectively expand the bandwidth of a device through performance simulation and product test.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, the high-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate is compounded below the ferrite substrate in an embedded manner on the basis of the traditional microstrip circulator, the high-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate is concentrated below the center junction, the externally applied bias magnetic field can uniformly perform saturation magnetization on the high-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate, low field loss caused by unsaturated magnetization of the high-magnetic-moment ferrite material is effectively reduced, the transmission loss is less than or equal to 0.4 and dB, the normalized magnetic moment P of the microstrip circulator is improved, the working bandwidth of the circulator is expanded, the working bandwidth is 7GHz-13GHz, the port standing wave is less than or equal to 1.4, the isolation is more than or equal to 15, and the broadband matching of the microstrip circulator is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of simulation results of circulator loss according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the result of a circulator isolation simulation in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing simulation results of standing waves of an circulator according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a ferrite substrate; 2. a bottom plate; 3. a microstrip circuit; 4. a media sheet; 5. a permanent magnet; 6. a compensation sheet; 7. a port A; 8. a port B; 9. a port C; 10. a low moment ferrite substrate; 11. a high moment ferrite substrate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples:
referring to fig. 2, the microstrip circulator with the upper-lower composite structure sequentially comprises a permanent magnet 5, a dielectric sheet 4 and a bottom plate 2 from top to bottom, wherein a low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate 10 is arranged between the dielectric sheet 4 and the bottom plate 2, the saturation magnetization of the low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate 10 is 1800Gauss, a microstrip circuit 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate 10, a high-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate 11 is embedded on the bottom plate 2, the saturation magnetization of the Gao Ciju ferrite substrate 11 is 2500Gauss, and the Gao Ciju ferrite substrate 11 is adjacent to the low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate 10;
in the embodiment, a high magnetic moment ferrite substrate 11 is embedded by grooving the center of a bottom plate 2, and a low magnetic moment ferrite substrate 10 above the bottom plate 2 is welded with the bottom plate 2 to form an upper-lower composite ferrite substrate structure; the external bias magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet 5 and the bottom plate 2 can magnetize the ferrite substrate 11 with high magnetic moment well;
the microstrip circulator obtained in the embodiment has an operating bandwidth of 7GHz-13GHz, a transmission loss of 0.4 dB, a normalized magnetic moment P of 0.7, a port standing wave of 1.4 and an isolation of 15dB.
The circulator of this embodiment has a loss simulation result shown in fig. 3, an isolation simulation result shown in fig. 4, and a standing wave simulation result shown in fig. 5.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a from top to bottom combined structure microstrip circulator, includes permanent magnet (5), dielectric piece (4) and bottom plate (2) from top to bottom in proper order, its characterized in that: a low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate (10) is arranged between the dielectric sheet (4) and the bottom plate (2), a microstrip circuit (3) is arranged on the upper surface of the low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate (10), a high-magnetic-moment circular ferrite substrate (11) is embedded on the bottom plate (2), and the Gao Ciju circular ferrite substrate (11) is adjacent to the low-magnetic-moment ferrite substrate (10); the saturation magnetization of the low-moment ferrite substrate (10) is 1800Gauss, and the saturation magnetization of the Gao Ciju circular ferrite substrate (11) is 2500Gauss.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110571503B (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-02-04 | 成都八九九科技有限公司 | Microstrip circulator, isolator and T/R assembly |
| CN111883899A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-03 | 中国电子科技集团公司第九研究所 | Method for improving temperature stability of lumped parameter circulator |
| CN111883900A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-03 | 中国电子科技集团公司第九研究所 | Method for expanding bandwidth of lumped parameter circulator for communication |
| CN114447552B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2023-01-13 | 西南应用磁学研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第九研究所) | Novel micro-strip circulator based on MEMS (micro-electromechanical systems) process and processing method thereof |
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