CN108303362A - A kind of portable simulation measures the device and application method of startup pressure - Google Patents
A kind of portable simulation measures the device and application method of startup pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108303362A CN108303362A CN201810274147.8A CN201810274147A CN108303362A CN 108303362 A CN108303362 A CN 108303362A CN 201810274147 A CN201810274147 A CN 201810274147A CN 108303362 A CN108303362 A CN 108303362A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 11
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005479 Lucite® Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及油气田开发技术领域，尤其涉及一种便携式模拟测量启动压力的装置及使用方法。The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a portable device for simulating and measuring start-up pressure and a method for using it.
背景技术Background technique
石油是一种不可再生资源，目前石油开采面临常规油田的枯竭问题，人们开始把目光转向非常规油田，如页岩油气田、低渗油田。而这些渗透率低的油田需要一定的启动压力才能使地下的流体流向井筒。Petroleum is a non-renewable resource. Currently, oil exploitation is facing the depletion of conventional oil fields. People are beginning to turn their attention to unconventional oil fields, such as shale oil and gas fields and low-permeability oil fields. And these low-permeability oil fields need a certain threshold pressure to make the fluid in the subsurface flow to the wellbore.
因此，如何设计一种研究启动压力的装置，来研究油田所需要的最小启动压力，便于今后油田的开采，是我们需要解决的技术问题。Therefore, how to design a device for studying the start-up pressure to study the minimum start-up pressure required by the oil field to facilitate future oil field exploitation is a technical problem that we need to solve.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种便携式模拟测量启动压力的装置及使用方法，解决了现有技术中无法得知该低渗油田的启动压力的问题。本发明可以模拟油田的启动压力，得知低渗油田所需要的最小启动压力，便于工作人员开采低渗油田。The object of the present invention is to provide a portable device and method for analog measurement of start-up pressure, which solves the problem that the start-up pressure of the low-permeability oil field cannot be known in the prior art. The invention can simulate the start-up pressure of the oil field, know the minimum start-up pressure required by the low-permeability oil field, and facilitate workers to exploit the low-permeability oil field.
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
本发明提供了一种便携式模拟测量启动压力的装置，包括氮气瓶和透明管，氮气瓶的供气口通过第一管线与透明管的前端连通，第一管线上设置有调压阀和压力表；透明管内设置有橡皮套，透明管和橡皮套之间留有环形空腔，橡皮套内设置有岩心和用于将岩心顶在透明管前端的岩心顶柱，岩心顶柱内开设有提供液体通过的流体管道，流体管道的末端连接有第二管线，第二管线的末端连接有液体采集瓶；The invention provides a portable device for simulating and measuring starting pressure, which includes a nitrogen bottle and a transparent tube. The gas supply port of the nitrogen bottle communicates with the front end of the transparent tube through a first pipeline, and a pressure regulating valve and a pressure gauge are arranged on the first pipeline. A rubber sleeve is arranged in the transparent tube, an annular cavity is left between the transparent tube and the rubber sleeve, a rock core and a core top column for pushing the rock core on the front end of the transparent tube are arranged in the rubber sleeve, and a liquid is provided in the core top column. The passing fluid pipeline, the end of the fluid pipeline is connected with a second pipeline, and the end of the second pipeline is connected with a liquid collection bottle;
还包括盛有水的第一容器，第一容器内设有潜水泵，潜水泵通过第一流量调节阀与透明管连接，当第一流量调节阀打开时，潜水泵能够将第一容器中的水抽到透明管和橡皮套之间的环形空腔中。It also includes a first container filled with water, a submersible pump is arranged in the first container, and the submersible pump is connected with the transparent tube through the first flow regulating valve. When the first flow regulating valve is opened, the submersible pump can convert the water in the first container Water is pumped into the annular cavity between the transparent tube and the rubber boot.
更进一步地，本发明的特点还在于：Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that:
还包括手摇泵，手摇泵与盛有水的第二容器连接，手摇泵与第二容器之间设有第二流量调节阀，当第二流量调节阀打开时，手摇泵能够将第二容器中的水抽到手摇泵中；Also includes a hand pump, the hand pump is connected to the second container filled with water, a second flow regulating valve is arranged between the hand pump and the second container, when the second flow regulating valve is opened, the hand pump can The water in the second container is pumped into the hand pump;
手摇泵还通过第三流量调节阀与透明管连接，当第三流量调节阀打开时，手摇泵能够将手摇泵中的水抽到透明管和橡皮套之间的环形空腔中。The hand pump is also connected with the transparent tube through the third flow regulating valve. When the third flow regulating valve is opened, the hand pump can pump the water in the hand pump into the annular cavity between the transparent tube and the rubber sheath.
还包括放水管线，放水管线的一端与透明管的底部连接，放水管线的另一端伸入第一容器中，放水管线上设置有放水阀。It also includes a water discharge pipeline, one end of the water discharge pipeline is connected to the bottom of the transparent tube, the other end of the water discharge pipeline extends into the first container, and a water discharge valve is arranged on the water discharge pipeline.
岩心顶柱的前部伸入橡皮套中将岩心顶在透明管的前端，岩心顶柱的后部穿出透明管的后端，岩心顶柱的后部与透明管的外壁之间设有岩心夹持器。The front part of the core top column extends into the rubber sleeve to push the core on the front end of the transparent tube, the rear part of the core top column passes through the rear end of the transparent tube, and a core is arranged between the rear part of the core top column and the outer wall of the transparent tube Holder.
透明管的前端与橡皮套之间设置有第一环形套圈；透明管的后端与橡皮套之间设置有第二环形套圈。A first annular ferrule is arranged between the front end of the transparent tube and the rubber sheath; a second annular ferrule is arranged between the rear end of the transparent tube and the rubber sheath.
透明管为有机玻璃管，液体采集瓶为锥形瓶，第一容器和第二容器均为玻璃容器。The transparent tube is a plexiglass tube, the liquid collection bottle is an Erlenmeyer flask, and both the first container and the second container are glass containers.
本发明还提供了一种基于上述便携式模拟测量启动压力的装置的使用方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for using the device for measuring start-up pressure based on the above-mentioned portable analog, comprising the following steps:
步骤1)：打开第一流量调节阀，然后打开潜水泵，使第一容器中的水被潜水泵抽到透明管和橡皮套之间的环形空腔中，待环形空腔充满水后，关闭潜水泵，然后关闭第一流量调节阀。Step 1): Open the first flow regulating valve, and then turn on the submersible pump, so that the water in the first container is pumped into the annular cavity between the transparent tube and the rubber sleeve by the submersible pump. After the annular cavity is filled with water, close the submersible pump, and then close the first flow regulating valve.
步骤2)：打开氮气瓶，从小到大调节调压阀，当第二管线处有液体出现时，读取压力表的大小。Step 2): Open the nitrogen cylinder, adjust the pressure regulating valve from small to large, and read the pressure gauge when there is liquid in the second pipeline.
更进一步地，本发明的特点还在于：Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that:
在步骤2)之前还包括：打开第二流量调节阀，通过手摇泵把第二容器中的水抽到手摇泵中，然后关闭第二流量调节阀，打开第三流量调节阀，将手摇泵中的水抽到透明管和橡皮套之间的环形空腔中。Also include before step 2): opening the second flow regulating valve, pumping the water in the second container into the hand pump by the hand pump, then closing the second flow regulating valve, opening the third flow regulating valve, turning the hand pump The water in the pump is pumped into the annular cavity between the transparent tube and the rubber boot.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益的技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
本发明提供了一种便携式模拟测量启动压力的装置及使用方法，通过将岩心放在橡皮套中用岩心顶柱顶着，通过潜水泵给透明管和橡皮套之间的环形空腔加满水，然后打开氮气瓶，从小到大调节调压阀改变压力大小，当看见第二管线处有液体出现时读出该压力的大小，然后再慢慢的减小压力，观察现象。本发明采用水加压，使得环形空间中的橡皮套与岩心紧密接触，避免了以往用氮气给环形空间加压造成橡皮套皱缩密封不紧，影响实验进度的问题。本发明可以模拟不同类型的地层以及突变地层的启动压力，还可以用于其他实验，如测岩石的渗透率实验。本发明具有结构简单，便于携带和使用的优点。The invention provides a portable device for simulating and measuring start-up pressure and a method for using it. By placing the rock core in a rubber sleeve and supporting it with a core pillar, the annular cavity between the transparent tube and the rubber sleeve is filled with water through a submersible pump. , Then open the nitrogen cylinder, adjust the pressure regulating valve from small to large to change the pressure, read the pressure when you see liquid appearing in the second pipeline, and then slowly reduce the pressure to observe the phenomenon. The invention uses water pressurization to make the rubber sleeve in the annular space closely contact with the rock core, avoiding the problem that the rubber sleeve shrinks and seals poorly due to pressurizing the annular space with nitrogen in the past, which affects the progress of the experiment. The invention can simulate the starting pressure of different types of formations and abrupt formations, and can also be used in other experiments, such as the experiment of measuring rock permeability. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy to carry and use.
进一步地，本发明然后通过手摇泵给橡皮套加环压，使橡皮套紧紧的包裹住岩心，防止气体从岩心和橡皮套之间跑掉。Further, the present invention adds ring pressure to the rubber sleeve through the hand pump, so that the rubber sleeve tightly wraps the rock core, preventing gas from running away from between the rock core and the rubber sleeve.
进一步地，本发明采用有机玻璃管和玻璃容器，便于人们观察到现象。Further, the present invention adopts plexiglass tube and glass container, which is convenient for people to observe the phenomenon.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的一种便携式模拟测量启动压力的装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable device for analog measurement of starting pressure provided by the present invention.
图中，1、氮气瓶；2、调压阀；3、压力表；4、第一环形套圈；5、岩心；6、橡皮套；7、透明管；8、岩心夹持器；9、流体管道；10、第二环形套圈；11、岩心顶柱；12、液体采集瓶；13、放水阀；14、第一容器；15、潜水泵；16、第一流量调节阀；17、手摇泵；18、第二容器；19、第二流量调节阀；20、第三流量调节阀。In the figure, 1. nitrogen cylinder; 2. pressure regulating valve; 3. pressure gauge; 4. first annular ferrule; 5. rock core; 6. rubber sleeve; 7. transparent tube; 8. rock core holder; 9. Fluid pipeline; 10, second annular ferrule; 11, rock core top column; 12, liquid collection bottle; 13, drain valve; 14, first container; 15, submersible pump; 16, first flow regulating valve; 17, manual Shake the pump; 18, the second container; 19, the second flow regulating valve; 20, the third flow regulating valve.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细描述：The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
参见图1，本发明提供了一种便携式模拟测量启动压力的装置，包括氮气瓶1和透明管7，氮气瓶1的供气口通过第一管线与透明管7的前端连通，第一管线上设置有调压阀2和压力表3，调压阀2用于控制压力的大小，压力表3用于读取压力的大小。透明管7内设置有橡皮套6，透明管7和橡皮套6之间留有环形空腔，橡皮套6内设置有岩心5和用于将岩心5顶在透明管7前端的岩心顶柱11，岩心顶柱11内开设有提供液体通过的流体管道9，流体管道9的末端连接有第二管线，第二管线的末端连接有液体采集瓶12。本发明还包括盛有水的第一容器14，第一容器14内设有潜水泵15，潜水泵15通过第一流量调节阀16与透明管7连接，当第一流量调节阀16打开时，潜水泵15能够将第一容器14中的水抽到透明管7和橡皮套6之间的环形空腔中。Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of device of portable analog measurement startup pressure, comprises nitrogen bottle 1 and transparent tube 7, and the gas supply port of nitrogen bottle 1 communicates with the front end of transparent tube 7 through the first pipeline, on the first pipeline A pressure regulating valve 2 and a pressure gauge 3 are provided, the pressure regulating valve 2 is used to control the pressure, and the pressure gauge 3 is used to read the pressure. A rubber sleeve 6 is arranged in the transparent tube 7, and an annular cavity is left between the transparent tube 7 and the rubber sleeve 6. A rock core 5 and a core jack 11 for pushing the rock core 5 on the front end of the transparent tube 7 are arranged in the rubber sleeve 6 A fluid pipeline 9 for providing liquid to pass through is opened in the core top column 11 , the end of the fluid pipeline 9 is connected with a second pipeline, and the end of the second pipeline is connected with a liquid collection bottle 12 . The present invention also includes a first container 14 filled with water. A submersible pump 15 is arranged in the first container 14. The submersible pump 15 is connected with the transparent tube 7 through a first flow regulating valve 16. When the first flow regulating valve 16 is opened, The submersible pump 15 can pump the water in the first container 14 into the annular cavity between the transparent tube 7 and the rubber sheath 6 .
在这里，本发明通过将岩心5放在橡皮套6中用岩心顶柱11顶着，通过潜水泵15给透明管7和橡皮套6之间的环形空腔加满水，然后打开氮气瓶1，从小到大调节调压阀2改变压力大小，当看见第二管线处有液体出现时读出该压力的大小，然后再慢慢的减小压力，观察现象。本发明采用水加压，使得环形空间中的橡皮套6与岩心5紧密接触，避免了以往用氮气给环形空间加压造成橡皮套6皱缩密封不紧，影响实验进度的问题。本发明可以模拟不同类型的地层以及突变地层的启动压力，还可以用于其他实验，如测岩石的渗透率实验。具有结构简单，便于携带和使用的优点。Here, the present invention is by putting the rock core 5 in the rubber sheath 6 and supporting it with the rock core top post 11, filling the annular cavity between the transparent tube 7 and the rubber sheath 6 with water by the submersible pump 15, and then opening the nitrogen cylinder 1 , adjust the pressure regulating valve 2 from small to large to change the pressure, read the pressure when you see liquid appearing in the second pipeline, and then slowly reduce the pressure to observe the phenomenon. The present invention adopts water pressurization, so that the rubber sleeve 6 in the annular space is in close contact with the rock core 5, avoiding the problem that the rubber sleeve 6 shrinks and does not seal tightly when the annular space is pressurized with nitrogen in the past, which affects the progress of the experiment. The invention can simulate the starting pressure of different types of formations and abrupt formations, and can also be used in other experiments, such as the experiment of measuring rock permeability. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient portability and use.
优选地，本发明还包括手摇泵17，手摇泵17与盛有水的第二容器18连接，手摇泵17与第二容器18之间设有第二流量调节阀19，当第二流量调节阀19打开时，手摇泵17能够将第二容器18中的水抽到手摇泵17中；手摇泵17还通过第三流量调节阀20与透明管7连接，当第三流量调节阀20打开时，手摇泵17能够将手摇泵17中的水抽到透明管7和橡皮套6之间的环形空腔中。通过手摇泵17给橡皮套6加环压，使橡皮套6紧紧的包裹住岩心5，防止气体从岩心5和橡皮套6之间跑掉。Preferably, the present invention also includes a hand pump 17, the hand pump 17 is connected to a second container 18 filled with water, a second flow regulating valve 19 is arranged between the hand pump 17 and the second container 18, when the second When the flow regulating valve 19 is opened, the hand pump 17 can pump the water in the second container 18 into the hand pump 17; the hand pump 17 is also connected with the transparent tube 7 through the third flow regulating valve 20, When the valve 20 is opened, the hand pump 17 can pump the water in the hand pump 17 into the annular cavity between the transparent tube 7 and the rubber sheath 6 . Add ring pressure to the rubber sheath 6 by the hand pump 17, so that the rubber sheath 6 tightly wraps the rock core 5, preventing gas from running away between the rock core 5 and the rubber sheath 6.
优选地，本发明还包括放水管线，放水管线的一端与透明管7的底部连接，放水管线的另一端伸入第一容器14中，放水管线上设置有放水阀13。实验完成后，可打开放水阀13，使得环形空腔中的水流入第一容器14中。Preferably, the present invention also includes a water discharge line, one end of the water discharge line is connected to the bottom of the transparent tube 7, the other end of the water discharge line extends into the first container 14, and a water discharge valve 13 is arranged on the water discharge line. After the experiment is completed, the water release valve 13 can be opened, so that the water in the annular cavity flows into the first container 14 .
优选地，本发明岩心顶柱11的前部伸入橡皮套6中将岩心5顶在透明管7的前端，岩心顶柱11的后部穿出透明管7的后端，岩心顶柱11的后部与透明管7的外壁之间设有岩心夹持器8，岩心夹持器8能够把岩心顶柱11固定在透明管7上使其更稳定。。Preferably, the front part of the core top post 11 of the present invention stretches into the rubber sleeve 6 and the rock core 5 is pressed against the front end of the transparent tube 7, and the rear part of the core top post 11 passes through the rear end of the transparent tube 7, and the core top post 11 A rock core holder 8 is arranged between the rear part and the outer wall of the transparent tube 7, and the rock core holder 8 can fix the rock core top post 11 on the transparent tube 7 to make it more stable. .
优选地，透明管7的前端与橡皮套6之间设置有第一环形套圈4；透明管7的后端与橡皮套6之间设置有第二环形套圈10。Preferably, a first annular ferrule 4 is disposed between the front end of the transparent tube 7 and the rubber sheath 6 ; a second annular ferrule 10 is disposed between the rear end of the transparent tube 7 and the rubber sheath 6 .
优选地，透明管7为有机玻璃管，液体采集瓶12为锥形瓶，第一容器14和第二容器18均为玻璃容器，便于人们观察到现象。Preferably, the transparent tube 7 is a plexiglass tube, the liquid collection bottle 12 is an Erlenmeyer flask, and the first container 14 and the second container 18 are both glass containers, so that it is convenient for people to observe the phenomenon.
本发明提供的一种基于上述便携式模拟测量启动压力的装置的安装方法如下：The installation method of a device for measuring start-up pressure based on the above-mentioned portable analog provided by the present invention is as follows:
将氮气瓶1的供气口通过第一管线与调压阀2连接，在调压阀2上安装用于读取压力大小的压力表3；并将调压阀2通过第一管线与透明管7连接。The gas supply port of the nitrogen cylinder 1 is connected to the pressure regulating valve 2 through the first pipeline, and a pressure gauge 3 for reading the pressure is installed on the pressure regulating valve 2; and the pressure regulating valve 2 is connected to the transparent tube through the first pipeline 7 connections.
在透明管7的前端安装第一环形套圈4，在透明管7的后端安装第二环形套圈10，在第一环形套圈4和第二环形套圈10之间安装橡皮套6。A first annular collar 4 is installed at the front end of the transparent tube 7, a second annular collar 10 is installed at the rear end of the transparent tube 7, and a rubber sleeve 6 is installed between the first annular collar 4 and the second annular collar 10.
将饱和好的岩心5放在橡皮套6中用岩心顶柱11顶实，防止气压过大把岩心5吹走。其中岩心顶柱11内开设流体通道，使得液体能够依次通过流体通道、第二管线流到液体采集瓶12中。在岩心顶柱11的后部和透明管7外壁之间安装岩心夹持器8，岩心夹持器8能够把岩心顶柱11固定在透明管7上使其更稳定。Put the saturated rock core 5 in the rubber sleeve 6 and use the rock core top post 11 to push it firmly, so as to prevent the air pressure from blowing away the rock core 5 too much. A fluid channel is opened in the core top column 11 , so that the liquid can flow into the liquid collection bottle 12 through the fluid channel and the second pipeline in sequence. A rock core holder 8 is installed between the rear portion of the rock core top post 11 and the outer wall of the transparent tube 7, and the rock core holder 8 can fix the rock core top post 11 on the transparent tube 7 to make it more stable.
本发明还提供了一种基于上述便携式模拟测量启动压力的装置的使用方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for using the device for measuring start-up pressure based on the above-mentioned portable analog, comprising the following steps:
步骤1)：连接好仪器后，给第一容器14和第二容器18中加入2/3的水，打开第一流量调节阀16，然后打开潜水泵15，使第一容器14中的水被潜水泵15抽到透明管7和橡皮套6之间的环形空腔中，待环形空腔充满水后，关闭潜水泵15，然后关闭第一流量调节阀16。Step 1): After connecting the instrument, add 2/3 of water to the first container 14 and the second container 18, open the first flow regulating valve 16, then turn on the submersible pump 15, so that the water in the first container 14 is The submersible pump 15 is pumped into the annular cavity between the transparent tube 7 and the rubber sheath 6. After the annular cavity is filled with water, the submersible pump 15 is closed, and then the first flow regulating valve 16 is closed.
步骤2)：打开第二流量调节阀19，通过手摇泵17把第二容器18中的水抽到手摇泵17中，然后关闭第二流量调节阀19，打开第三流量调节阀20，将手摇泵17中的水抽到透明管7和橡皮套6之间的环形空腔中，从而给橡皮套6加环压，使橡皮套6紧紧的包裹住岩心5，防止气体从岩心5和橡皮套6之间跑掉。Step 2): open the second flow regulating valve 19, pump the water in the second container 18 into the hand pump 17 through the hand pump 17, then close the second flow regulating valve 19, open the third flow regulating valve 20, and The water in the hand pump 17 is pumped into the annular cavity between the transparent tube 7 and the rubber sheath 6, thereby adding ring pressure to the rubber sheath 6, so that the rubber sheath 6 tightly wraps the rock core 5, preventing gas from flowing out of the rock core 5. Run away between 6 and rubber sleeves.
步骤3)：打开氮气瓶1，从小到大调节调压阀2，当第二管线处有液体出现时，读取压力表3的大小，然后再慢慢的减小压力，观察现象。Step 3): Open the nitrogen cylinder 1, adjust the pressure regulating valve 2 from small to large, when there is liquid in the second pipeline, read the size of the pressure gauge 3, and then slowly reduce the pressure to observe the phenomenon.
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