CN108298623A - A kind of solar seawater desalination system of effluent temperature constancy - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of solar seawater desalination systems of effluent temperature constancy, the system comprises heat collector, water tank and its desalination plants, pass through piping connection between the water tank and desalination plant, entrance tube valve is respectively set on the inlet tube and outlet of water tank and exports tube valve, the entrance tube valve and outlet tube valve and central controller data connection；The vessel outlet road setting outlet pipe temp sensor, the outlet temperature sensor and central controller data connection, central controller provides a kind of seawater desalination system of new intelligent control according to the temperature of temperature sensor measurement to control the opening and closing of entrance tube valve and outlet tube valve and the size present invention of aperture, it can keep the constant of tank outlet temperature, ensure that the temperature of water outlet is uniform, to improve the desalination efficiency of seawater desalination system.

Description

A kind of solar seawater desalination system of effluent temperature constancy

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of solar energy more particularly to a kind of solar energy collector systems.

Background technology

With the rapid development of modern social economy, the mankind are increasing to the demand of the energy.However coal, oil, day The traditional energies storage levels such as right gas constantly reduce, are increasingly in short supply, cause rising steadily for price, while conventional fossil fuel causes Problem of environmental pollution it is also further serious, these all limit the raising of the development and human life quality of society significantly.The sun Can thermal transition be that a kind of energy conversion efficiency and utilization rate are high and of low cost, the solar energy that can be widely popularized in the whole society is sharp Use mode.In solar energy heat utilization device, it is important to solar radiant energy are converted into thermal energy, realize the device of this conversion Referred to as solar thermal collector.But current solar thermal collector is all circular tube structure, can lead to solar heat in some cases Amount is unable to fully absorb.

Invention content

The present invention is intended to provide a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly solar energy system and the seawater desalination system including solar energy system, Improve the ability to work of solar seawater desalination.

To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows：A kind of auxiliary heating solar system, the system Including the system comprises heat collector and its heat utilization devices, by piping connection between the heat collector and heat utilization device, Heat collector absorbs solar energy, heats the water in heat collector, and the water after heating enters heat utilization device by outlet pipeline, in hot profit The water flowed out with device, which enters back into heat collector, to exchange heat, which is characterized in that the water in heat utilization device pipeline is entering heat Assisted heating device is flowed through using advancing into for device.

Preferably, the ancillary heating equipment opens automatically according to the temperature for flowing through the water in assisted heating device of detection Dynamic heating.

Preferably, the heat utilization device is desalination plant.

Preferably, the heat collector includes thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, pass through between adjacent two thermal-collecting tubes Collecting plate connects, to make to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tubes and adjacent collecting plate；The heat collector includes two pieces Tube plate structure, shape is at a certain angle between two pieces of tube plate structures, the circular arc cable architecture in the angle direction and speculum The direction of bending is opposite, and the focus of speculum is located between the angle of tube plate structure formation, and the cross section of the thermal-collecting tube is Rectangle, the collecting plate connect rectangular angle.

Preferably, the cross section of the thermal-collecting tube is square.

Preferably, inner fin is arranged inside the thermal-collecting tube, the inner fin connection is rectangular diagonal, the interior wing Piece will be divided into multiple passage aisles inside thermal-collecting tube, intercommunicating pore is arranged on inner fin, to make adjacent passage aisle communicate with each other；

The a length of L of inner edge of the square, the radius r of the intercommunicating pore, on the same fin adjacent intercommunicating pore it Between distance be l, meet following relationship：

L/L*10=a*ln (r/L*10)+b；

Wherein ln is logarithmic function, and a, b are parameters, 1.5<a<1.6,2.9<b<3.0；

0.34<l/L<0.38；

0.14<r/L<0.17；

30mm<L<120mm；

5mm<r<17mm。

Preferably, the desalination plant includes vaporization chamber, liquid distributor is set, wherein solar energy collection in vaporization chamber The hot water of hot device heating enters vaporization chamber, in vaporization chamber after the heat exchange of the seawater spraying of liquid distributor, enters back into plate-type heat-exchange Seawater in device, with plate heat exchanger exchanges heat, and is then recycled back into heat collector and is heated, the plate heat exchanger Seawater after middle heat exchange enters the indoor liquid distributor of evaporation.

Preferably, heat collector recirculated water is stored in cyclic water tank, the cyclic water tank setting in plate heat exchanger and Between heat collector.

Compared with prior art, solar water appliance of the present invention has the advantages that as follows：

1) it the present invention provides a kind of solar energy system of auxiliary heating, can be replenished in time in the case of solar energy deficiency Solar absorption.

2) a kind of square tube thermal-collecting tube solar thermal collector of Novel structure is provided, it can be to avoid the thermal-arrest of pipe heat collector Blind spot improves body sun energy heat absorption efficiency.

3) by opening up intercommunicating pore inside thermal-collecting tube, while ensureing to improve heat exchange efficiency, reduce in thermal-collecting tube Flow resistance.

4) changed by the rule of the area of the through-hole in thermal-collecting tube, the Heat-collecting effect and flow resistance being optimal.

5) present invention is obtained by test of many times in the case where ensureing that heat exchange amount is maximum and flow resistance is met the requirements The solar thermal collector optimum results optimal to one, and by being verified, to demonstrate the accurate of result Property.

6) present invention proposes a kind of new-type solar seawater desalination system and device, improves sea water desalination rate.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of Solar Energy Heat Utilization System of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of solar thermal collector of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is thermal-collecting tube cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is inner fin intercommunicating pore distribution schematic diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is inner fin intercommunicating pore stagger arrangement distribution schematic diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 6 is square dimensions schematic diagram in thermal-collecting tube of the present invention；

Fig. 7 is solar heat-preservation and sea water desalination parallel system flow diagram；

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of solar seawater desalination control system；

Fig. 9 is desalination plant system schematic；

Figure 10 is rectangular tube and pipe contrast schematic diagram.

Reference numeral is as follows：

1, solar thermal collector, 2, external auxiliary heating, 3, water circulating pump, 4, cyclic water tank, 5, circulating cooling make-up water pump, 6, Plate heat exchanger, 7, shower tray, 8, level-one vaporization chamber, 9, dual evaporation room, 10, three-level vaporization chamber, 11, fresh-water tank, 12, fresh water Draining pump, 13, concentrated seawater case, 14, concentrated seawater draining pump, 15, seawater preheating heat exchanger, 16, seawater intake pump, 17, speculum, 18, thermal-collecting tube, 19, collecting plate, 20, header, 21, header, 22, heat collector oral siphon, 23, heat collector outlet, heat utilization dress It sets, 24, inner fin, 25, intercommunicating pore, 26, passage aisle, 27, storage heater, 28, desalination plant, 29, valve, 30, valve, 31, temperature sensor, 32, accumulator inlet pipe, 33, outlet pipeline, 34, water return pipeline, 35, water return pipeline, 36, valve, 37, Temperature sensor, 38, water tank, 39, outlet, 40, inlet tube, 41, temperature sensor, 42, outlet tube valve, 43, inlet tube Valve, 44, central controller, 45, valve, 46, valve.

Specific implementation mode

The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of solar energy collector system, and the system comprises heat collector 1 and its heat utilization device 24, institutes It states and passes through piping connection between heat collector 1 and heat utilization device 24.

The collector structure is as shown in Fig. 2, include thermal-collecting tube 18, speculum 17 and collecting plate 19, adjacent two collection It is connected by collecting plate 19 between heat pipe 18, to make to form tube sheet knot between multiple thermal-collecting tubes 18 and adjacent collecting plate 19 Structure；The solar energy collector system includes two pieces of tube plate structures, and shape is at a certain angle between two pieces of tube plate structures, institute State that angle direction is opposite with the direction of circular arc line structural bending of speculum, the focus D of speculum 17 is formed positioned at tube plate structure Angle between.

It is improved as one, the cross section of the thermal-collecting tube 18 is rectangle, and the collecting plate 19 connects rectangle Angle.

The prior art is generally used circular tube structure, but finds to use circular tube structure in practice, for two pipes Between distance it is closer when, because of the distance between two close circular arcs very little so that two adjacent parts of pipe can not Solar energy is fully absorbed, as described in Figure 10, if either top irradiation or reflection, dash area therein may from lower part It is unable to get illumination, locally heat absorption is uneven to cause thermal-collecting tube, be easy to cause the damage of thermal-collecting tube.And the present invention is by setting The shortcomings that thermal-collecting tube cross section is set as rhs-structure, overcomes circular tube structure so that have between adjacent thermal-collecting tube 18 opposite The more space for pipe is irradiated from upper and lower part so that solar energy can reflect into, equal to reach heat absorption It is even, it is reflected from other angles, for pipe, can also achieve the purpose that absorb more heats.

Preferably, the cross section of the thermal-collecting tube 18 is square.

Traditional heat collector is all that thermal-collecting tube is set up directly in focus, once position shifts, then heat is not just In meeting thermal-arrest to thermal-collecting tube, by above structure, sunlight is radiated at speculum 17, and tube sheet knot is reflected by speculum 17 Structure, will be in the thermal-collecting tube 18 in heat thermal-arrest to tube plate structure.By this structure, even if because installation or operation problem are led Tube plate structure position is caused to change, then solar energy still can be in thermal-arrest to thermal-collecting tube 18, to avoid thermal loss；While because All it is that thermal-collecting tube is set up directly in focus for traditional heat collector, causes thermal-collecting tube hot-spot, causes thermal-collecting tube local Lose excessive, the service life is too short, or even causes thermal-collecting tube over-heat inside, generates superheated steam, is full of entire thermal-collecting tube, causes thermal-arrest Pipe internal pressure is excessive, damages thermal-collecting tube, and takes the structure of the application, not only can adequately absorb heat, but also can incite somebody to action The opposite dispersion of heat, avoids heat from excessively concentrating so that whole thermal-collecting tube heat absorption is uniform, extends the service life of thermal-collecting tube.

Preferably as one, the focus D of speculum 17 is located on the midpoint of two pieces of tube plate structure least significant end lines.By upper State setting, it is ensured that absorb solar energy to the full extent, solar energy is avoided to be lost because of focal shift, also ensure simultaneously Platy structure is likely to reduced sunlight of the irradiation blocked on speculum 17 as possible.It is experimentally confirmed, using the above structure, too The absorbent effect of sun is best.

Preferably, the cross-sectional area of thermal-collecting tube differs.Along the middle part (i.e. extreme higher position) of tube plate structure to both sides On extreme lower position (i.e. Fig. 2 thermal-collecting tubes A to the direction B, C) extending direction, the cross-sectional area of thermal-collecting tube is increasing.It sends out in an experiment It is existing, extend from middle part to both sides, caloric receptivity gradually rises, and by analyzing main cause is led because there is the blocking of tube plate structure It causes middle part heated minimum, and extends from middle part to both sides, absorb heat and gradually rise.Pass through the continuous change of thermal-collecting tube cross-sectional area Greatly, the water flow of lower part can be increased, can make being heated evenly for water in entire thermal-collecting tube, avoid both sides temperature excessively high and in Between temperature it is too low.The material of intermediate thermal-collecting tube can also be avoided to be easily damaged at high temperature in this way, can be kept entire The temperature of thermal-collecting tube is uniform, prolongs the service life.

Preferably, along tube plate structure middle part (i.e. extreme higher position) to both sides extreme lower position (i.e. Fig. 2 thermal-collecting tubes A to B, the directions C) on extending direction, the increased amplitude of thermal-collecting tube cross-sectional area tapers into.It finds in an experiment, for heat absorption Amount, along the middle part (i.e. extreme higher position) of tube plate structure to the extension side both sides extreme lower position (i.e. Fig. 2 thermal-collecting tubes A to the direction B, C) Upward amplification is gradually successively decreased, therefore caliber has been done such variation, to meet corresponding require.

Preferably, the ratio of maximum cross-sectional area and minimum cross-sectional area is less than 1.22.

Preferably, setting is for the convex of augmentation of heat transfer on the lower wall surface (face opposite with speculum 17) of tube plate structure It rises, to reinforce the absorption to solar energy.Along tube plate structure middle part (i.e. extreme higher position) to both sides extreme lower position (i.e. Fig. 2 collect Heat pipe A is to the direction B, C) on extending direction, the height of projection of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube 18 is higher and higher.It finds in an experiment, from Middle part extends to both sides, and caloric receptivity gradually rises, and is to lead to middle part because there is the blocking of tube plate structure by analyzing main cause It is heated minimum, and extend from middle part to both sides, it absorbs heat and gradually rises.By the continuous raising of height of projection, can make In entire thermal-collecting tube 18 water be heated evenly, avoid that both sides temperature is excessively high and medium temperature is too low.In can also avoiding in this way Between the material of thermal-collecting tube be easily damaged at high temperature, the temperature of entire thermal-collecting tube can be kept uniform, extend and use the longevity Life.

Preferably, along the link position (i.e. the middle part of tube plate structure) of two pieces of tube plate structures to both sides (i.e. Fig. 2 thermal-arrests Pipe A is to the direction B, C) extend, the density of protrusions of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube 18 is higher and higher.Main cause is that middle part is heated minimum, And extend from middle part to both sides, it absorbs heat and gradually rises.By the continuous raising of density of protrusions, it can make entire thermal-arrest Water is heated evenly in pipe 18, avoids that medium temperature is too low and both sides temperature is excessively high.Intermediate thermal-collecting tube can also be avoided in this way 18 material is easily damaged at high temperature, and the temperature of entire thermal-collecting tube can be kept uniform, prolonged the service life.

Preferably, outer fin can be arranged in the outer wall of thermal-collecting tube 18, such as straight fins or helical fin can be set, The outer fin heights of different thermal-collecting tubes is different, along the link position (i.e. the middle part of tube plate structure) of two pieces of tube plate structures to both sides (i.e. Fig. 2 thermal-collecting tubes A to the direction B, C) extends, and the height of outer fin gradually decreases.Main cause is the original with front setting protrusion Because identical.

Preferably, inner fin 25 is arranged inside the thermal-collecting tube, the inner fin 25 connects rectangular diagonal, such as figure Shown in 3.The inner fin 25 will be divided into multiple passage aisles 27 inside thermal-collecting tube 18, and intercommunicating pore 26 is arranged on inner fin, to Adjacent passage aisle 27 is set to communicate with each other.

By the way that inner fin 25 is arranged, multiple passage aisles 27 will be divided into inside thermal-collecting tube 18, further augmentation of heat transfer, but phase The pressure for the fluid flowing answered increases.By setting intercommunicating pore 26, ensure the connection between adjacent passage aisle 27, so that Fluid in the big passage aisle of pressure can be flowed into the small passage aisle of neighbouring pressure, and the inside for solving condensation end is each small The problem that 27 pressure of runner is uneven and local pressure is excessive, to promote abundant flowing of the fluid in heat exchanger channels, Simultaneously by the setting of intercommunicating pore 27, the pressure inside thermal-collecting tube is also reduced, heat exchange efficiency is improved, while also improving collection The service life of heat pipe.

Preferably, along the flow direction of fluid in thermal-collecting tube 18, the area of the intercommunicating pore 27 constantly increases.

The intercommunicating pore 26 is circular configuration, along the flow direction of fluid in thermal-collecting tube 18, the circular configuration Radius constantly increases.

Because along the flow direction of fluid in thermal-collecting tube 18, the fluid in thermal-collecting tube 18 constantly even evaporate by heat absorption, So that the pressure of thermal-collecting tube constantly increases, and because of the presence of intercommunicating pore 26 so that the pressure inside thermal-collecting tube 18 Distribution is more and more uniform, therefore the area needs of intercommunicating pore are very big, constantly become larger by setting, so that ensureing heat pipe In the case of the uniform pressure of internal pressure, increase heat exchange area by being connected to the variation of hole area, to improve heat exchange effect Rate.

Preferably, along the flow direction of fluid in thermal-collecting tube 18, the continuous increased width of the area of the intercommunicating pore 26 Degree is continuously increased.By so set, and meet the changing rule of flowing pressure, while further decreasing flow resistance, Improve heat exchange efficiency.By so set, by testing the heat exchange efficiency for finding that 9% or so can be improved, while resistance base Originally it remains unchanged.

Preferably, along the flow direction of fluid in thermal-collecting tube 18, the distributed quantity of intercommunicating pore 26 is more and more, further It is preferred that the continuous increased amplitude of the connection hole number 26 is continuously increased.

It is identical as area reduction principle by the Distribution Principle of above-mentioned quantity, compared with connection hole number is identical, lead to Distributed number is crossed to reduce circulation area.

It being found in actual experiment, the area of intercommunicating pore 26 cannot be too small, and the increase of flow resistance can be caused if too small, So as to cause the decrease of heat exchange, the area of intercommunicating pore 26 cannot be excessive, and area is excessive, can lead to the reduction of heat exchange area, to Reduce heat transfer effect.Equally, the cross-sectional area of thermal-collecting tube 18 cannot be excessive, excessive to cause to be distributed in tube plate structure unit length Heat exchanger tube is very few, also results in heat transfer effect variation, thermal-collecting tube flow area can not be too small, too small flow resistance to be caused to increase Add, is deteriorated so as to cause heat transfer effect.Therefore between intercommunicating pore 26 and thermal-collecting tube cross-sectional area and its adjacent intercommunicating pore 26 Distance must satisfy certain requirement.

Therefore, the present invention is the thousands of secondary numerical simulations and test data of the heat collector by multiple and different sizes, Meet (10MPa or less) in the case of industrial requirements pressure-bearing, in the case where realizing maximum heat exchange amount, the best thermal-arrest that sums up The dimensionally-optimised relationship of device.

The present invention be 18 cross section of heat collector be carried out under square it is dimensionally-optimised.

The interior length of side (i.e. the square outer length of side subtracts wall thickness) of the square is L, the radius r of the intercommunicating pore, institute It is l to state the distance between intercommunicating pore adjacent on same fin, meets following relationship：

L/L*10=a*ln (r/L*10)+b；

Wherein ln is logarithmic function, and a, b are parameters, 1.5<a<1.6,2.9<b<3.0；

0.34<l/L<0.38；

0.14<r/L<0.17；

30mm<L<120mm；

5mm<r<17mm。

Wherein, l is equal to the distance between 26 center of circle of adjacent intercommunicating pore.Left and right as shown in Figure 4,5 is adjacent and neighbouring The distance between the intercommunicating pore center of circle.

Further preferably, 15mm<l<45mm.

Preferably, with the increase of r/L, a, b increase.

Preferably, a=1.57, b=2.93.

Preferably, as shown in Figure 4,5, multiple rows of intercommunicating pore 26 is arranged on each inner fin, as shown in figure 5, the multiple Intercommunicating pore 26 is wrong row's structure.By mistake, row connects structure, can further increase heat exchange, reduces pressure.

Can also be desalination plant as shown in Figure 9 preferably, heat utilization device 24 can be storage heater 28 29.Of course, it is possible to be that storage heater 28 and desalination plant 29 are in parallel, as shown in Figure 7.Fig. 7 illustrates solar thermal collection system A new embodiment.As shown in fig. 7, solar energy collector system includes that two storage heaters being mutually in parallel 28 and seawater are light Makeup sets 29.

Solar energy collector system as shown in Figure 7, the system comprises heat collector 1, storage heater 28, desalination plants 29, valve 30, valve 31, valve 37, temperature sensor 32, the heat collector 1 are connected to form circulation loop with storage heater 28, collection Hot device 1 is connected to form circulation loop with desalination plant 29, and the pipeline where storage heater 28 and desalination plant 29 is in parallel, Heat collector 1 absorbs solar energy, heats the water in heat collector 1, and the water after heating respectively enters storage heater 28 by outlet pipeline 34 With desalination plant 29, entering heat collector by water return pipeline 36 in the water that storage heater 28 and desalination plant 29 flow out It exchanges heat in 1.

It certain storage heater and other heat utilization devices may be used with desalination plant 29 replaces.

In above system, accumulation of heat is carried out simultaneously in storage heater 28 by solar energy, sea water desalination can be carried out.Certainly, Desalination plant and storage heater can be exactly isolated operation seawater with one of independent operating or isolated operation, wherein Fig. 9 Desalting plant.

As shown in fig. 7, valve 30 is arranged on outlet pipe, enter storage heater 28 and desalination plant 29 for control Total water, valve 31 are arranged in the position of the inlet tube of the pipeline where desalination plant 29, enter seawater for controlling The flow of the water of desalting plant 29, valve 37 are arranged in the position of the inlet tube 33 of the pipeline where storage heater 28, for controlling Into the flow of the water of storage heater 28, temperature sensor 32 is arranged at the position of the entrance of desalination plant 29, for surveying Temperature of the amount into the water of desalination plant 29.The system also includes central controller, the central controller and valve 30, valve 31, valve 37, temperature sensor 32 carry out data connection.

Preferably, when the temperature that temperature sensor 32 measures is less than certain temperature, central controller controls valve Door 31 increases aperture, while control valve 37 reduces aperture, is carried with increasing the flow into the hot water of desalination plant 29 The ability to work of high desalination plant.When the temperature that temperature sensor 32 measures is higher than certain temperature, center control Device control valve 31 processed reduces aperture, while control valve 37 increases aperture, to reduce the hot water into desalination plant 29 Flow reduce the ability to work of desalination plant.Pass through above-mentioned control, it is ensured that the sea of desalination plant 29 Water desalination the fresh water rate that goes out be held essentially constant, avoid it is excessive or very few, and can also in the case where heat has extra, will More hot water are stored by storage heater 28.

When the temperature that temperature sensor 32 measures is reduced to a certain degree, the external seawater of desalination plant at this time The ability of desalination can be deteriorated, and cannot be satisfied normal demand, this shows that the collection thermal energy power of solar thermal collector also goes wrong, example It is not very strong as sunlight is existing, or when do not have the sun at night, valve 30 can be automatically closed at this time, valve 31 and valve 37 It can open completely, the pipeline where storage heater and desalination plant forms a circulation line, and water enters storage heater, storage heater The thermal energy of storage is heated to entering water in storage heater, and the water of heating, which enters, carries out sea water desalination in desalination plant 29.

By above-mentioned operation, can when sunray is strong, in the heat-sinking capability for meeting desalination plant 29, After meeting user's radiating requirements, extra heat is subjected to accumulation of heat by storage heater 28, in solar thermal collector 1 for thermal energy In the case of hypodynamic, the energy heats recirculated water stored using storage heater, to meet the needs of desalination plant 29.In this way Solar energy can be made full use of, the waste of excessive heat is avoided.

Preferably, ancillary heating equipment 2 is also set up on the pipeline of desalination plant 29, as shown in figure 9, sea water desalination Water in 29 pipeline of device flows through assisted heating device in advancing into for desalination plant 29.The ancillary heating equipment 2 Start heating automatically according to the temperature for flowing through the water in assisted heating device 2.

Preferably, assisted heating device 2 can be electric heater, hot-water boiler or other heat exchangers, wherein Fig. 9 exhibitions A heat-exchanger rig is shown.The main function of electric heater or hot-water boiler is to play the role of auxiliary heating, such as work as utilization The water of solar energy heating does not reach scheduled temperature, this is can to start electric heater or hot-water boiler.

The electric heater and/or hot-water boiler and/or heat exchanger further include control system, and the control system includes surveying The temperature sensor and central controller of amount temperature, electric heater and/or hot-water boiler and/or heat exchanger are according into electrical heating The temperature of the water of device and hot-water boiler and/or heat exchanger starts automatically, is heated to hot water.It is carried out below for electric heater Explanation.

Temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature into the water of electric heater, and central controller is for controlling electric heater Heating power.When the inflow temperature of measurement is less than temperature a, electric heater starts heating, and is heated with power A；Work as heat When the inflow temperature of measurement is less than the temperature b lower than temperature a, electric heater is heated with the power B higher than power A；Work as survey When the inflow temperature of amount is less than the temperature c lower than temperature b, electric heater is heated with the power C higher than power B；Work as measurement Inflow temperature be less than the temperature d lower than temperature c when, electric heater is heated with the power D higher than power C；When measurement When inflow temperature is less than the temperature e lower than temperature d, electric heater is heated with the power E higher than power D.

Of course, it is possible to which selection, in order to increase the accuracy of measuring temperature, can set in the water outlet of electric heater Another temperature sensor is set, the startup of electric heater is calculated by the average value of the temperature of the measurement of two temperature sensors Power.

For boiler, automatic ignition device is set.When the temperature of the water into boiler of measurement is less than certain temperature When spending, boiler is heated with regard to starting ignition device.When the temperature of the water of measurement reaches certain temperature, then just Stopping is heated.

Of course, it is possible to which selection can be arranged another to increase the accuracy of measuring temperature in the water outlet of boiler One temperature sensor calculates the startup work(of electric heater by the average value of the temperature of the measurement of two temperature sensors Rate.

Certainly preferably, a heat exchanger can be arranged as ancillary heating equipment, as shown in Figure 9.Heat exchanger provides Heat source exchanges heat with the water for entering desalination plant 29, and the heat exchanger automatically provides heat according to the water temperature for entering heat exchanger Source exchanges heat.If the temperature for measuring the water for entering heat exchanger is less than certain temperature, central controller controls are changed Hot device provides heat source heat hot water.When the temperature of the water of measurement reaches certain temperature, then just stop providing heat source.

Fig. 8 illustrates a further improved specific implementation mode of solar thermal collector device.For not referring to Feature it is identical as the embodiment of front.Preferably, further include water tank 39, the thermal-collecting tube is loop circuit heat pipe, loop circuit heat pipe Condensation end be arranged in solar water container 39.Heat collector absorbs the heat of solar energy, the evaporation ends of reheat loop heat pipe, evaporation The working fluid at end passes through the condensation end for being recycled into loop circuit heat pipe, and heat release, the water in heating water tank are carried out in condensation end.Cold The evaporation ends that heat pipe is re-circulated into after the completion of solidifying end heat release are heated.Preferably, the evaporation ends of wherein loop circuit heat pipe are Heat collector.

As shown in figure 8, electric heater unit can be arranged in water tank, when the leaving water temperature of water tank is less than certain numerical value When, electric heater unit can be started.The present invention realizes the intelligent control to seawater desalination system in several ways.

As improving one, temperature sensor, the temperature for measuring the water in water tank 39 are set in the water tank 39.Water Entrance tube valve 44 is respectively set on the inlet tube 41 and outlet 40 of case 39 and exports tube valve 43, the temperature sensor, Entrance tube valve 44 and outlet tube valve 43 and 45 data connection of central controller.Central controller 45 is surveyed according to temperature sensor The temperature of amount come control entrance tube valve 44 and export tube valve 43 opening and closing and aperture size.

If the temperature of the water in temperature sensor measurement water tank 39 is less than the numerical value of lower limit, central controller 45 controls Valve 43,44 is automatically closed, to ensure that the water in water tank 39 continues heat temperature raising；If the temperature of the water in the water tank 39 measured Degree is automatically opened more than the numerical value of the upper limit, then 45 control valve 43,44 of central controller.By above-mentioned measure, can and ensure The temperature for the water that water tank 39 exports keeps certain temperature, so as to reach utilizable temperature.

Preferably, the multiple temperature sensors of setting in the water tank 39, water is measured by multiple temperature sensors Temperature.

Preferably, central controller 45 by the average value of the temperature of the water of multiple temperature sensor measurements come control valve The opening and closing of door 43,22.

Preferably, central controller 45 by the minimum of the temperature of the water of multiple temperature sensor measurements come control valve The opening and closing of door 43,22.By taking minimum, it can ensure that the temperature of the water of all positions in water tank 39 can reach sea The utilizable temperature of water desalination apparatus.

Preferably, at least one temperature sensor is arranged in water tank 39 close to the position of tank entry pipe 41 It sets.

Preferably, at least one temperature sensor is arranged in water tank 39 close to the position of vessel outlet 40 It sets.

Two are improved as one, the central controller 45 is ensured by the size of the aperture of control valve 43,44 Leaving water temperature in water tank reaches steady state value.Water is adjusted with the flow of water tank 39 said is left into water tank 39 by adjusting The temperature of the water outlet of case 39.

Outlet pipe temp sensor 42, the outlet temperature sensor 42 and center are set on the tank outlet pipeline 17 45 data connection of controller, the temperature that central controller 45 is measured according to temperature sensor 42 entrance tube valve 44 and go out to control The mouth opening and closing of tube valve 43 and the size of aperture.

If the temperature of the water for the outlet 19 that temperature sensor 42 measures is less than the numerical value of lower limit, central controller 45 The aperture of control valve 43 increases, and reduces the aperture of valve 44, so that being reduced into the water in water tank 39 so that leave water Water in case 39 increases, so that the discharge reduction in water tank 39.The temperature of water in water tank 39 is improved by the reduction of water Degree, to improve the outlet temperature of water tank 39.On the contrary, the temperature of the water for the outlet 19 that temperature sensor 42 measures is higher than the upper limit Numerical value, then 45 control valve 43 of central controller aperture reduce, increase valve 44 aperture so that into water tank 39 Interior water increases so that the water left in water tank 39 is reduced, so that the water in water tank 39 increases.Pass through the increase of water The temperature of water in water tank 39 is reduced, to reducing the outlet temperature of water tank 39.By above-mentioned measure, can and ensure water tank 39 The temperature of the water of output is kept in a certain range, so as to reach 29 utilizable temperature of desalination plant.

Preferably, multiple temperature sensors 42 are arranged in the outlet 40, surveyed by multiple temperature sensors 42 The temperature of the water of water-masuring box outlet pipe.

Preferably, the average value of the temperature for the water that central controller 45 is measured by multiple temperature sensors 42 controls The size of the aperture of valve 43,44.

Preferably, the minimum of the temperature for the water that central controller 45 is measured by multiple temperature sensors 42 controls The aperture of valve 43,44.By taking minimum, it is capable of the further accuracy of data.

Preferably, at least one temperature sensor is arranged in outlet 40 close to the position of water tank 39.

Preferably, it is 5-10 degrees Celsius, preferably 6-8 degrees Celsius that limit value, which subtracts lower numerical limit,.

It is lower to be known as improving three as being further improved for improvement two, by measuring the temperature of water in water tank 39 come control valve The opening and closing of door 43,44.

If the temperature of the water for the water tank 39 that temperature sensor 42 measures is less than the numerical value of lower limit, central controller 45 is controlled The aperture of valve 43 processed increases, and reduces the aperture of valve 44, so that being reduced into the water in water tank 39 so that leave water tank Water in 39 increases, so that the discharge reduction in water tank 39.The temperature of water in water tank 39 is improved by the reduction of water, To improve the outlet temperature of water tank 39.On the contrary, the temperature of the water in the water tank 39 that temperature sensor 42 measures is higher than the upper limit Numerical value, then the aperture of 45 control valve 43 of central controller reduce, increase the aperture of valve 44, so that into water tank 39 Water increase so that leave water in water tank 39 and reduce, so that the water in water tank 39 increases.By the increase of water come The temperature for reducing water in water tank 39, to reduce the outlet temperature of water tank 39.By above-mentioned measure, can and ensure that water tank 39 is defeated The temperature of the water gone out is kept in a certain range, so as to reach the utilizable temperature of desalination plant.

Preferably, the multiple temperature sensors of setting in the water tank 39, water is measured by multiple temperature sensors Temperature.

Preferably, central controller 45 by the average value of the temperature of the water of multiple temperature sensor measurements come control valve The aperture of door 43,22.

Preferably, central controller 45 by the minimum of the temperature of the water of multiple temperature sensor measurements come control valve The aperture of door 43,22.By taking minimum, can ensure that the temperature of the water of all positions in water tank 39 can reach can With the temperature utilized.

Preferably, at least one temperature sensor is arranged in water tank 39 close to the position of tank entry pipe 41 It sets.

Preferably, at least one temperature sensor is arranged in water tank 39 close to the position of vessel outlet 40 It sets.

Preferably, it is 8-13 degrees Celsius, preferably 9-11 degrees Celsius that limit value, which subtracts lower numerical limit,.

As improving four, water-level gauge, 45 data connection of the water-level gauge and central controller are set in the water tank 39. The height of central controller level monitoring to the aperture of control valve 43,44 size.

By the height of level monitoring, avoid the water level in water tank too low, to cause thermal-collecting tube release end of heat that can not radiate, It causes thermal-collecting tube to damage, while avoiding the water level in water tank 39 excessively high, to cause pressure in water tank excessive, especially heating In the case of boiling.

If the water level for the water tank 39 that water-level gauge measures is higher than the numerical value of the upper limit, 45 control valve 43 of central controller Aperture increases, and reduces the aperture of valve 44, so that being reduced into the water in water tank 39 so that the water left in water tank 39 increases Add, so that the discharge reduction in water tank 39.The water level of water in water tank 39 is reduced by the reduction of water.On the contrary, water level The numerical value that the water level in the water tank 39 measured is less than lower limit is counted, then the aperture of 45 control valve 43 of central controller is reduced, and is increased The aperture of valve 44, so that increasing into the water in water tank 39 so that the water left in water tank 39 is reduced, so that water Water in case 39 increases.

Preferably, the limit value of water level is the height where the 90%-95% of water tank capacity, preferably 93%.

Preferably, the lower numerical limit of water level, which is thermal-collecting tube release end of heat, stretches into the height in water tank.To ensure in water tank Water cover release end of heat comprehensively.

It is to improving one, improving four improvement combined to improve five.

If the temperature of the water in temperature sensor measurement water tank 39 is less than the numerical value of lower limit, at this time central controller 45 The water level measured according to the water-level gauge of monitoring carrys out the opening and closing of autocontrol valve 43,44, and concrete measure is as follows：

The water level that the water-level gauge that central controller 45 monitors measures is higher than lower limiting value and is less than upper limit value, then center control 45 control valve 44,44 of device is automatically closed, to ensure that the water in water tank 39 continues heat temperature raising；

The water level that the water-level gauge that central controller 45 monitors measures is less than lower limiting value, then 45 control valve 43 of central controller It is automatically closed, valve 44 continues to open, to ensure that water continues to flow into water tank 39, when the water-level gauge that central controller 45 monitors The water level of measurement is at or above lower limiting value, then 45 control valve 44 of central controller is automatically closed；

The water level that the water-level gauge that central controller 45 monitors measures is higher than upper limit value, then 45 control valve 43 of central controller Continue to open, valve 44 is automatically closed, to ensure that water continues to flow out water tank 39, when the water level measurement that central controller 45 monitors The water level of amount is equal to or less than upper limit value, then 45 control valve 43 of central controller is automatically closed.

As soon as remaining feature is identical as improvement, improvement five, no longer describe one by one.

It is to improving two, improving four improvement combined to improve six.

If the temperature of the water for the outlet that temperature sensor 42 measures is less than the numerical value of lower limit, 45 basis of central controller The water level that the water-level gauge of monitoring measures carrys out the aperture of autocontrol valve 43,44, and concrete measure is as follows：

The water level that the water-level gauge that central controller 45 monitors measures is less than upper limit value, then 45 control valve 43 of central controller Aperture increase, reduce valve 44 aperture so that into water tank 39 water reduce so that leave the water in water tank 39 Increase, so that the discharge reduction in water tank 39, if the water level in water tank 39 is reduced to lower limiting value or close to lower limiting value, Then central controller controls valve 43,44 is closed；

The water level that the water-level gauge that central controller 45 monitors measures is less than lower limiting value, then 45 control valve 43 of central controller It closes, is simultaneously emitted by alarm；Show to cannot achieve the water temperature of needs at this time at present, reason may be intensity of illumination not enough or its His reason, to remind operator to pay attention to.

If the temperature of the water for the outlet that temperature sensor 42 measures is higher than the numerical value of the upper limit, 45 basis of central controller The water level that the water-level gauge of monitoring measures carrys out the aperture of autocontrol valve 43,22, and concrete measure is as follows：

The water level that the water-level gauge that central controller 45 monitors measures is less than upper limit value, then 45 control valve 43 of central controller Aperture reduce, increase valve 44 aperture so that into water tank 39 water increase so that leave the water in water tank 39 It reduces, so that the water in water tank 39 increases；If the water level in water tank 39 increases to upper limit value or close to upper limit value, Then central controller controls valve 43,44 is closed；

The water level that the water-level gauge that central controller 45 monitors measures is higher than upper limit value, then 45 control valve 44 of central controller It closes, is simultaneously emitted by alarm；Show to cannot achieve the water temperature of needs at this time at present, reason may be setting water temperature it is too low or its His reason, to remind operator to pay attention to.

As soon as remaining feature is identical as improvement, improvement five, no longer describe one by one.

Fig. 9 illustrates an idiographic flow schematic diagram of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus in preceding embodiment.In certain Fig. 9 Heat collector 1 can also be replaced using water tank 39.

The desalination plant includes liquid distributor 7, vaporization chamber 8-10, board-like preheating heat exchanger 15, fresh-water tank 11, light Water discharge pump 12, concentrated seawater case 13, concentrated seawater discharge pump 14.Package unit include two sets cycle, respectively seawater circulation and add Heat recirculated water recycles.

Wherein, the hot water heated in the water tank 39 that solar thermal collector 1 or process heat collector 1 heat enters vaporization chamber, In vaporization chamber 8 after the spray heat exchange of liquid distributor 7, plate heat exchanger 6 is entered back into, is carried out with the seawater in plate heat exchanger 6 Heat exchange, is then recycled back into heater 1 or water tank 39 and is heated.

Preferably, the ancillary heating equipment 2 is arranged between heat collector or water tank 39 and vaporization chamber.

Preferably, recirculated water is stored in cyclic water tank 4, the cyclic water tank 4 is arranged in plate heat exchanger 6 and thermal-arrest Between device 1 or water tank 39.Preferably, the recirculated water is recycled under the action of recirculating water pump 3.In addition can pass through Circulating cooling make-up water pump 5, recirculated water is added into system.

Seawater is by seawater intake pump 16, by seawater input in board-like preheating heat exchanger 15, in board-like preheating heat exchanger By entering plate heat exchanger 6 after the preheating of the fresh water steam in vaporization chamber in 15, carried out in board-like preheating heat exchanger 6 After heat exchange, into vaporization chamber, by the spray heat exchange of liquid distributor 7 in vaporization chamber, the steam evaporated after heat exchange enters board-like Preheating heat exchanger, the seawater to entering system preheats, to realize making full use of for heat, subsequently into being finally collected into It in fresh-water tank 11, can be discharged by fresh water extraction pump 12, the vaporization chamber connection concentrated seawater case 13, remaining concentrated seawater will also be collected In concentrated seawater case 13, it is discharged via concentrated seawater discharge pump 14.

Preferably, the vaporization chamber includes multistage evaporation room, the multistage evaporation room is connected in series with, and seawater is steamed in higher level It sends out and is entering next stage vaporization chamber after exchanging heat in room, the steam of the upper level vaporization chamber evaporation enters next stage vaporization chamber, makees It exchanges heat with the seawater for entering next stage vaporization chamber for heat source.

Preferably, the hot water heated in the solar thermal collector 1 or the water tank 39 heated by heat collector 1 into Enter first order vaporization chamber 8.

Preferably, the vaporization chamber is 3 grades, room first order vaporization chamber 8, second level vaporization chamber 9, the third level are evaporated respectively Room 10, shown board-like preheating heat exchanger 15 are 3, and the steam that the first order vaporization chamber 8 comes out enters second level vaporization chamber 9 Afterwards, the first board-like preheating heat exchanger 15 is entered back into, the steam that the second steaming grade hair room 9 comes out enters third level vaporization chamber 10 Afterwards, the second board-like preheating heat exchanger 15 is entered back into, the steam that third level vaporization chamber 10 comes out is directly entered the board-like preheating of third and changes Hot device 15.

Preferably, the seawater is successively by third, the second, first board-like preheating heat exchanger 15.It is found through experiments that, By this sequence, best seawater fresh water rate can be reached.Main cause is third, the second, first board-like preheating heat exchanger 15 In exchange capability of heat continuously decrease, seawater first passes through the low heat exchanger of exchange capability of heat, is then gradually risen by exchange capability of heat with this High heat exchanger so that the temperature of seawater, which gradually rises, to exchange heat, avoid be directly over the strong heat exchanger of exchange capability of heat into Entering the weak heat exchanger heat exchange of exchange capability of heat after row heat exchange, ideal heat exchange effect is not achieved in the weak heat exchanger of exchange capability of heat Fruit.

Preferably, setting temperature sensor and flow sensor on the solar pipe road for entering first evaporator 8 (Fig. 9 only identifies temperature sensor), the flow for measuring temperature and hot water into the hot water of first evaporator 8, institute It states into setting valve 46 on the seawaterline of first order vaporization chamber 8, enters 8 flow of first order vaporization chamber for controlling, it is described System further includes controller, and the controller is connect with temperature sensor, flow sensor, valve data, the controller root Hot water temperature according to measurement and hot water flow, the aperture of autocontrol valve 46.

The controller is to carry out valve control, specific control mode according to the combination of hot water temperature and hot water flow It is as follows：Control parameter Q=(hot water temperature-fiducial temperature) * hot water flows, it is automatic to increase if the control parameter Q measured increases Add the aperture of valve, if the control parameter Q measured is reduced, the automatic aperture for reducing valve.

By above-mentioned intelligent control, may be implemented to control the seawater for participating in heat exchange with hot water temperature and changes in flow rate Flow, avoid the seawater amount for participating in exchanging heat excessively high either too low to avoid extra large hypervolia or very few, it is light to influence Change effect.

Preferably, the fiducial temperature is 25-35 DEG C.

Preferably, seawater intake pump 16 carries out data connection with controller, controller is according to entrance first order vaporization chamber 8 Seawaterline on 46 aperture adjust automatically intake pump 16 of valve power.If 45 aperture of valve increase, increase automatically into The power of water pump 16, if 46 aperture of valve reduces, the automatic power for reducing intake pump 16.

The controller can be above-mentioned central controller 45, can also be new controller.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology Personnel can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention is answered without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention When being subject to claim limited range.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of solar seawater desalination system of effluent temperature constancy, the system comprises heat collector, water tank and its seawater are light Makeup is set, and by piping connection between the water tank and desalination plant, heat collector includes thermal-collecting tube, and the thermal-collecting tube is ring The condensation end of road heat pipe, loop circuit heat pipe is arranged in solar water container, and heat collector absorbs the heat of solar energy, reheat loop heat pipe Evaporation ends, the working fluids of evaporation ends carries out heat release in condensation end, heats water by being recycled into the condensation end of loop circuit heat pipe Water in case, the evaporation ends that heat pipe is re-circulated into after the completion of condensation end heat release are heated, and the water after heating passes through water outlet Pipeline enters desalination plant, enters back into water tank and is heated in the water of desalination plant outflow；

Entrance tube valve and outlet tube valve, the entrance tube valve and outlet are respectively set on the inlet tube and outlet of water tank Tube valve and central controller data connection；The vessel outlet road setting outlet pipe temp sensor, the outlet temperature Sensor and central controller data connection are spent, central controller controls entrance pipe valve according to the temperature of temperature sensor measurement The opening and closing of door and outlet tube valve and the size of aperture.

2. solar seawater desalination system as described in claim 1, if the temperature of the water of the outlet of temperature sensor measurement Degree increases less than the numerical value of lower limit, the then aperture of central controller controls outlet tube valve, reduces the aperture of entrance tube valve, from And so that the water into water tank is reduced so that the water left in water tank increases, so that the discharge reduction in water tank；If The temperature of the water of the outlet of temperature sensor measurement is higher than the numerical value of the upper limit, then central controller controls export opening for tube valve Degree is reduced, and increases the aperture of entrance tube valve, so that increasing into the water in water tank so that the water left in water tank subtracts It is few, so that the water in water tank increases.

3. solar seawater desalination system as described in claim 1, multiple temperature sensors are arranged in the outlet, pass through Multiple temperature sensors measure the temperature of the water of radiator drain.

4. solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 3, central controller passes through multiple temperature sensor measurements The average value of the temperature of water come control entrance tube valve and export tube valve aperture size.

5. solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 3, central controller passes through multiple temperature sensor measurements The minimum of the temperature of water come control entrance tube valve and export tube valve aperture.

6. solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 3, the desalination plant includes vaporization chamber, in vaporization chamber Liquid distributor is set, wherein the hot water of solar thermal collector heating enters vaporization chamber, is sprayed by the seawater of liquid distributor in vaporization chamber After leaching heat exchange, plate heat exchanger is entered back into, exchanges heat with the seawater in plate heat exchanger, is then recycled back into heat collector It is heated, the seawater after exchanging heat in the plate heat exchanger enters the indoor liquid distributor of evaporation.

7. solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 6, the vaporization chamber is 3 grades, difference room first order vaporization chamber, Second level vaporization chamber, third level vaporization chamber, board-like preheating heat exchanger are 3, and the steam that the first order vaporization chamber comes out enters After the vaporization chamber of the second level, the first board-like preheating heat exchanger is entered back into, the steam that the second steaming grade hair room comes out enters the third level After vaporization chamber, the second board-like preheating heat exchanger is entered back into, the steam that third level vaporization chamber comes out is directly entered the board-like preheating of third Heat exchanger.

8. solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 7, the seawater successively by third, second, it is first board-like Preheating heat exchanger.

9. solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 7 is set on the solar pipe road for entering first evaporator Temperature sensor and flow sensor are set, the flow for measuring temperature and hot water into the hot water of first evaporator, institute It states and valve is set on the seawaterline for entering first order vaporization chamber, enter first order vaporization chamber flow, the system for controlling Further include controller, the controller is connect with temperature sensor, flow sensor, valve data, and the controller is according to survey The hot water temperature of amount and hot water flow, the aperture of autocontrol valve.

10. the cross section of the solar seawater desalination system as described in one of claim 1-9, the thermal-collecting tube is square Inner fin is arranged in shape, the thermal-collecting tube inside, and the inner fin connection is rectangular diagonal, and the inner fin will be inside thermal-collecting tube It is divided into multiple passage aisles, intercommunicating pore is set on inner fin, to makes adjacent passage aisle communicate with each other；

The a length of L of inner edge of the square, the radius r of the intercommunicating pore, on the same fin between adjacent intercommunicating pore Distance is l, meets following relationship：

L/L*10=a*ln (r/L*10)+b；

Wherein ln is logarithmic function, and a, b are parameters, 1.5<a<1.6,2.9<b<3.0；

0.34<l/L<0.38；

0.14<r/L<0.17；

30mm<L<120mm；

5mm<r<17mm。