CN108287483B - Immersive virtual maintenance simulation method and system for product maintainability verification - Google Patents
Immersive virtual maintenance simulation method and system for product maintainability verification Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an immersive virtual maintenance simulation method and system for product maintainability verification, wherein the method and system design the immersive virtual maintenance simulation by analyzing the actual maintenance task and process of a product, perform model conversion and a series of processing on a traditional digital prototype, introduce the traditional digital prototype into a virtual maintenance scene, complete the construction work of the whole virtual maintenance scene, apply practical dynamics and physics constraints to objects in the scene, perform multi-channel rendering on the virtual scene, configure an interactive function, collect action data of a user in the scene, and complete the maintainability verification of the product. The immersive virtual maintenance simulation method and system based on the product maintainability verification overcome the defects of the traditional desktop virtual maintenance simulation and improve the efficiency and reality of the virtual maintenance simulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of maintainability design and verification, in particular to an immersive virtual maintenance simulation method and system for product maintainability verification.
Background
Serviceability is an inherent property of the product. For large complex products, maintainability is very important to product efficiency performance, operating cost and use safety. The good maintainability design can make the product after putting into operation, is showing and promotes efficiency, reduces the operation cost, improves product safety. Therefore, in the design stage, attention should be paid to the maintenance design.
Serviceability verification is an important part of the product serviceability design. Whether the qualitative and quantitative design of the maintainability of the product meets the requirements or not is checked through maintainability verification. At present, digital prototypes have replaced physical prototypes and are largely used in the design stage. The application of the digital prototype can lead designers to develop visual design activities for products in early stage, find design defects in time and improve the design defects, and avoid the problems that the physical prototype is high in cost and difficult to change once the design defects are found, the design work is finished.
However, conventional approaches still have certain limitations for serviceability verification. The maintenance is a typical man-machine interaction activity, the traditional maintainability verification is basically developed in desktop simulation software, a designer produces a section of simulation animation based on a digital prototype, and the maintainability verification is carried out in the process of the simulation animation. This non-immersive simulation method is subjectively influenced by designers. For the same maintenance task, different experiences and habits are used by different designers, the manufactured maintenance simulation may have larger difference, and as the simulation personnel do not have actual or close to the maintenance experience of the real environment, larger uncertainty is brought to the maintenance verification result. In addition, the simulation animation is often manufactured based on a key frame control method, and in order to make the simulation animation approximate to a real maintenance situation, a designer needs to spend a lot of time and effort on operations of adjusting and increasing key frames, so that the simulation efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an immersive virtual maintenance simulation method and system for product maintainability verification, which can overcome the defects in the prior art and realize faster and more objective maintainability verification.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides an immersive virtual maintenance simulation method for product maintainability verification, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing a virtual maintenance simulation task of a product;
step 2, carrying out virtual maintenance simulation oriented processing on the digital sample machine;
step 3, according to the results obtained in the first two steps, introducing the digital prototype into a virtual environment, constructing a virtual maintenance scene, and establishing dynamics and physical constraints;
step 4, performing multi-channel rendering on the constructed virtual maintenance scene;
step 5, binding interactive operation according to the interactive equipment, and outputting three-dimensional visual information for the user;
step 6, capturing and recording the action data of the user in the virtual scene;
and 7, checking the maintainability of the product according to the interaction condition of the user and the virtual maintenance environment in the immersive scene.
Optionally, the method for designing the virtual maintenance simulation task of the product includes:
analyzing the virtual maintenance task of the product, and determining a maintenance scheme and a maintenance flow;
acquiring a required maintenance tool and an auxiliary guarantee resource list according to a specific maintenance task scene;
and acquiring a product maintainability check item required by the virtual maintenance simulation.
Optionally, the processing method of the digital prototype for virtual maintenance simulation includes:
carrying out model conversion on the digital prototype;
processing a digital sample model in a light weight mode, deleting unnecessary information and reducing data volume;
according to the requirements of the immersive simulation, other processing is carried out on the digital prototype, such as adding textures and colors, recombining all parts of the digital prototype, and the like.
Optionally, the virtual maintenance scene construction method includes:
according to the requirements of maintenance tasks and virtual maintenance scenes, other digital models except maintenance target equipment, such as maintenance tools, auxiliary equipment and the like, are added into the virtual environment; the sizes of the sample machines and the position relation between the sample machines accord with the actual situation.
Optionally, the dynamic and physical constraint method comprises:
adding various kinematic pairs for the virtual prototype according to the actual dynamic characteristics of the product, so that the motion of the kinematic pairs meets the authenticity requirement of maintenance simulation;
according to the actual physical characteristics of the product, physical constraints are added to the object in the virtual environment, the object is defined to be a rigid body or a flexible body, and the gravity direction in the virtual environment is set.
Optionally, the interactive device operation binding method includes:
based on a Virtual-Reality personal Network (VRPN) protocol, various interactive functions in the Virtual maintenance environment are bound to the Virtual Reality Peripheral equipment.
Optionally, the maintainability verification method includes:
and according to the maintainability checking item required to be carried out, checking and verifying the maintainability related item in the interaction process of the user and the virtual environment.
The invention also provides an immersive virtual maintenance simulation system for product maintainability verification, which comprises:
the database management module is used for storing and reading a digital model of commonly used maintenance support resources in the virtual maintenance scene;
the digital prototype processing module is used for performing model conversion, light weight processing and other processing work on the digital prototype;
the simulation task construction module is used for importing the processed digital prototype, establishing a simulation task scene, and establishing dynamic and physical constraints for objects in the scene;
a multi-channel rendering display module: performing multi-channel graphic rendering and output on the maintenance scene;
a scene interaction module: binding the operation for interacting with the virtual maintenance environment to the related hardware equipment, and developing interaction with the virtual scene;
a motion capture module: capturing and recording action data of a user in a virtual scene so as to support scene interaction and maintainability check;
and the maintainability verification module is used for checking the maintainability related items in the virtual maintenance simulation process.
Optionally, the simulation task design module includes:
the product actual task analysis submodule is used for analyzing the actual maintenance task and the actual maintenance process of the product;
and the virtual maintenance task design submodule is used for designing a virtual maintenance simulation task flow according to the actual task analysis of the product.
Optionally, the digital prototype processing module includes:
a format conversion submodule: the system is used for carrying out model conversion on the digital prototype;
lightweight processing submodule: carrying out lightweight processing on the digital sample machine, eliminating unnecessary information and reducing data volume;
an auxiliary processing submodule: the method is used for adding textures and colors, recombining all parts of the digital prototype, and the like.
Optionally, the simulation task building module includes:
a model import submodule: the system is used for importing the processed digital prototype and the digital model of other maintenance and guarantee resources into a virtual environment;
a virtual scene construction submodule: constructing a virtual maintenance scene, and laying out each model in the scene according to the required position requirement to restore the real product maintenance scene;
a dynamic and physical constraint module: dynamic and physical constraints that conform to the real situation are imposed on the objects in the virtual scene.
Optionally, the scene interaction module includes:
the command equipment binding submodule comprises: the interactive device is used for binding the interactive operation instruction to the interactive device;
a scene interaction submodule: for user interaction with the virtual scene expansion.
Optionally, the scene interaction module includes:
the command equipment binding submodule comprises: the interactive device is used for binding the interactive operation instruction to the interactive device;
a scene interaction submodule: for user interaction with the virtual scene expansion.
Optionally, the motion capture module comprises:
the motion data capturing and collecting submodule is used for capturing and collecting motion data of a user;
the interactive command positioning submodule is used for providing positioning information for the interactive command;
and the visual tracking sub-module is used for providing tracking and positioning services when the user moves in the sight line of the virtual scene.
Optionally, the maintainability verification module is configured to check the maintainability related items in an interaction process of the virtual maintenance simulation. The maintainability checking items, contents and standards are set by maintainability designers according to the actual maintainability design requirements of the product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention can quickly develop the virtual maintenance simulation of the product. The time of the process of manufacturing the virtual maintenance simulation is often dozens of times or even hundreds of times of the time of the actual virtual simulation based on the key frame control in the prior art, but the invention can greatly shorten the manufacturing time of the virtual maintenance simulation and improve the manufacturing efficiency of the simulation.
(2) The invention can provide better immersion for maintenance designers, so that the designers participate in the maintenance simulation process, and the accuracy of maintenance verification is improved by interacting with the digital prototype in the virtual environment.
(3) The invention provides a complete set of immersion type maintainability verification and verification method and system which can be implemented in the initial design stage of products, meets the requirements of the current complex product design, shortens the design period, reduces the design cost and improves the design efficiency.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an immersive virtual repair method in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an immersive virtual repair system module in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Immersive verification is carried out on the product maintainability design based on the virtual reality technology, and the method is very different from the traditional non-immersive virtual maintainability verification which is carried out by using desktop simulation software only.
FIG. 1 is an overview of an immersive virtual repair simulation method for product maintainability verification of the present invention, including:
step 101: and designing a virtual maintenance simulation task of the product.
The virtual maintenance simulation task of the designed product specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, analyzing the actual maintenance task and process of the product in detail, and combing the maintenance object, the maintenance steps and the maintenance support resources (such as maintenance tools, auxiliary tools and the like).
Thereafter, a virtual repair simulation implementation is determined based on an analysis of the actual repair process. The scheme comprises the steps of determining a maintenance component in virtual maintenance simulation, planning a maintenance passage (path), establishing a specific maintenance step and appointing maintenance and guarantee resources.
And for different products, establishing a maintainability check item aiming at the characteristics of the products, wherein the general check item comprises visibility, accessibility, operation space, maintenance posture, error prevention and the like. In this step, the designer should make a category and a check standard for maintainability check in accordance with the actual maintainability requirement of the product.
Step 102: and (5) carrying out digital prototype processing.
The formats of the digital prototypes created by the three-dimensional modeling software are different, so that the parameter types and information contained in the digital prototypes in various formats are greatly different. Therefore, the traditional digital prototype can not be directly used for virtual maintenance simulation, and model conversion is needed. This step converts the formats of the various digital prototypes into a unified format that allows virtual interaction.
And after the model conversion is completed, carrying out lightweight treatment on the model. The significance of the step is to reduce the data volume of the model and improve the rendering efficiency and the interaction efficiency. This step can be done with the help of a lightweight algorithm.
In addition, according to the actual simulation needs, other preprocessing work is carried out on the digital prototype, such as deleting unnecessary digital prototype parts which do not affect the virtual maintenance simulation, increasing model parts needed by the maintenance simulation, normalizing a plurality of parts into a whole, increasing textures, colors and the like, so as to improve the sense of reality and the interaction efficiency of the immersive environment.
Step 103: and constructing a virtual maintenance scene, and establishing dynamic and physical constraints.
The virtual maintenance scene is the environment of the whole virtual maintenance simulation, and the reality of the virtual maintenance work is greatly improved by the environment. After the virtual maintenance prototype is constructed, all the virtual prototypes and the constraints are added into the virtual maintenance scene according to a certain rule and sequence, so that the content of the whole virtual scene is gradually enriched, and a more reasonable environment is provided for the virtual maintenance work. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
and importing the prototype in the step 102 into the virtual scene.
And loading other virtual prototypes in the environment, such as a workbench, a working ladder, a maintenance auxiliary tool and the like, into the virtual environment according to the determined position relationship.
And adding dynamic and physical constraints for each prototype in the virtual scene according to the dynamic characteristics and physical attributes of each part of the product in the real world. For example, a hinge revolute pair is added to only relatively revolute structural members, and a sliding pair is added between only relatively moving structural members. The object is set to be a rigid body or a flexible body according to the change relation of the shape and the size of the object in motion and after the object is stressed, and the gravity acceleration and the like are set for the whole virtual world.
Step 104: and performing multi-channel rendering on the virtual maintenance scene.
In order to project the virtual maintenance scene stereoscopically, the virtual scene needs to be rendered in multiple channels. A typical rendering method is to set four rendering nodes, and perform graphics rendering on the front, the lower, the left, and the right of the virtual scene where the user is located. And then, according to different stereoscopic projection modes, the four rendering nodes output rendering contents according to a certain mode.
Step 105: and configuring the interactive function.
The interaction between the user and the virtual maintenance scene needs to be performed by means of virtual reality equipment, and the functions of the equipment need to be configured according to different interaction purposes. Based on a Virtual-Reality personal Network (VRPN) protocol, interactive equipment required in maintenance Virtual simulation is mapped to standard equipment in the VRPN, so that the Virtual maintenance interactive instruction is bound in the interactive equipment. The standard types commonly used are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Step 106: motion data of a user in a virtual scene is captured.
Motion data of a user in a virtual scene is collected using an optical motion capture system. Optical pointing points are placed on appropriate portions of a user's body to capture motion data of the user in a virtual environment. In addition, according to actual interaction requirements, optical calibration points such as stereoscopic glasses and control handles need to be arranged on the interaction devices, so that a tracking and positioning function is provided for interaction instructions of the interaction devices.
Step 107: and checking the maintainability of the product.
And after the steps are completed, carrying out the product maintainability checking work in the immersive environment. The specific way to conduct the maintainability check is:
and the user moves on the maintenance path according to the established virtual maintenance simulation scheme and the virtual maintenance flow in the virtual environment, approaches the virtual prototype, adjusts the maintenance posture, and performs operations such as dismounting and sectioning on the virtual prototype. In addition, the user may also range, mark, etc. objects in the virtual environment.
In the process, the maintainability of the product is checked according to the established maintainability checking items, contents and standards by combining the captured data in the virtual environment. The maintenance checking items, contents and standards are set by designers according to the actual maintenance design requirements of the product.
The invention also provides an immersive virtual maintenance simulation system for product maintainability verification.
As shown in fig. 2, the quantitative evaluation system in the embodiment of the present invention includes a database management module 201, a digital prototyping processing module 203, a simulation environment construction module 203, a multi-channel rendering display module 204, an interactive function configuration module 205, a motion capture module 206, and a maintainability verification module 207.
The database management module 201 is configured to store digital models of maintenance support tools and the like commonly used in virtual maintenance simulation, and provide a required model to a virtual environment according to a designed maintenance simulation scheme.
The digital prototype processing module 202 is used for converting the format of the digital prototype model machine entering from the outside so as to meet the format requirement of immersive simulation; carrying out lightweight processing on an original design model of the digital sample machine by using a related lightweight algorithm, and converting the original design model into a lightweight maintenance simulation model suitable for rapid rendering interaction; in addition, according to the actual simulation needs, other preprocessing work is carried out on the digital sample machine, such as deleting unnecessary model components which do not influence virtual maintenance simulation, increasing model components required by maintenance simulation, normalizing a plurality of components into an assembly entity, increasing textures, colors and the like, so as to improve the sense of reality and the interaction efficiency of the immersive environment.
The simulation environment construction module 203 is used for importing the digital prototypes processed by the digital prototype processing module 202 and loading other virtual prototypes in the environment, such as a workbench, a working ladder, a maintenance auxiliary tool and the like, into the virtual environment according to the determined position relationship; and adding dynamic and physical constraints for each prototype in the virtual scene according to the dynamic characteristics and physical attributes of each part of the product in the real world. For example, a hinge revolute pair is added to only relatively rotating structural members, and a sliding pair is added between only relatively moving structural members. The object is set to be a rigid body or a flexible body according to the change relation of the shape and the size of the object in motion and after the object is stressed, and the gravity acceleration and the like are set for the whole virtual world.
The multi-channel rendering display module 204 is configured to perform multi-channel rendering on the constructed virtual maintenance scene, and output rendered image data to a display device.
The interactive function configuration module 205 is configured to configure an interactive function for the interactive device required by the virtual repair simulation based on the VRPN protocol. Various interactive devices are standardized into several standard device types appointed by the VRPN protocol.
The motion capture module 206 is used to capture and record motion data of a user in a virtual scene. In addition, optionally, according to the actual interaction requirement, motion information of the interaction device in the virtual scene is collected, such as stereoscopic glasses, a control handle and the like, so that a tracking and positioning function is provided for the interaction devices.
The maintainability verification module 207 is used for the user to conduct maintainability verification in the virtual environment. Based on the formulated virtual maintenance simulation scheme, the virtual prototype is moved on a maintenance path according to a virtual maintenance flow, the virtual prototype is approached, the maintenance posture is adjusted, and the virtual prototype is disassembled, cut and the like. In addition, the user may also range, mark, etc. objects in the virtual environment. And in the process of interacting with the virtual scene, checking the maintainability of the product by combining the captured data in the virtual environment according to the established maintainability checking items, contents and standards.
Claims (4)
1. An immersive virtual maintenance simulation method for product maintainability verification is characterized in that: the simulation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing a virtual maintenance simulation task of a product;
step 2, carrying out virtual maintenance simulation oriented processing on the digital sample machine;
step 3, according to the results obtained in the first two steps, introducing the digital prototype into a virtual environment, constructing a virtual maintenance scene, and establishing dynamics and physical constraints;
step 4, performing multi-channel rendering on the virtual maintenance scene;
step 5, binding interactive operation according to the interactive equipment to provide an interactive function for the user;
step 6, capturing and recording the action data of the user in the virtual scene;
step 7, checking the maintainability of the product according to the interaction condition of the user and the virtual maintenance environment in the immersive scene;
the processing for carrying out virtual maintenance simulation on the digital prototype comprises the following steps:
carrying out model conversion on the digital prototype; the digital sample model is processed in a light weight mode, the data volume of the model is reduced, and the rendering and interaction efficiency is improved; other processing is performed on the digital prototype according to immersive simulation needs: adding texture and color, and recombining all parts of the digital prototype;
the constructing of the virtual maintenance scene comprises the following steps:
importing the processed digital prototype, and adding other digital models in the virtual environment according to the requirements of the virtual maintenance scene: maintenance tools, auxiliary equipment; the sizes of the sample machines and the position relation between the sample machines accord with the actual situation;
the dynamic and physical constraints include:
adding various kinematic pairs for a virtual prototype according to the actual dynamic characteristics of a product to enable the movement of the virtual prototype to meet the authenticity requirement of maintenance simulation, adding physical constraints for an object in a virtual environment according to the actual physical characteristics of the product, defining the object as a rigid body or a flexible body, and setting the gravity direction in the virtual environment;
the interactive equipment operation binding method comprises the following steps:
based on a Virtual-Reality personal Network (VRPN) protocol, various interactive functions for Virtual maintenance simulation are bound to Virtual Reality Peripheral equipment;
the maintainability verification method includes:
and according to the maintainability checking item required to be carried out, checking and verifying the maintainability related item in the interaction process of the user and the virtual environment.
2. The immersive virtual repair simulation method for product maintainability verification according to claim 1, wherein: the method for designing the virtual maintenance simulation task of the product comprises the following steps
Analyzing the actual maintenance task and process of the product, and determining a virtual maintenance scheme and flow;
acquiring a required maintenance tool and an auxiliary guarantee resource list according to a specific maintenance task scene;
and acquiring a product maintainability check item required by the virtual maintenance simulation.
3. The utility model provides an immersive virtual maintenance simulation system towards product maintainability verification which characterized in that: the simulation system includes:
the database management module is used for storing and reading a digital model of commonly used maintenance support resources in the virtual maintenance scene;
the digital prototype processing module is used for performing model conversion, light weight processing and other processing work on the digital prototype;
the simulation task construction module is used for importing the processed digital prototype, establishing a simulation task scene, and establishing dynamic and physical constraints for objects in the scene;
a multi-channel rendering display module: performing multi-channel graphic rendering and output on the maintenance scene;
a scene interaction module: the interactive instructions are used for binding the interactive instructions related to the immersive virtual simulation to the virtual reality related equipment;
a motion capture module: capturing and recording action data of a user in a virtual scene so as to support scene interaction and maintainability check;
the maintainability verification module is used for verifying maintainability related items in the virtual maintenance simulation process, and the maintainability verification items, contents and standards are formulated by maintainability designers according to the actual maintainability design requirements of the product;
the digital prototype processing module comprises:
a format conversion submodule: the digital prototype is used for carrying out format conversion;
lightweight processing submodule: carrying out lightweight processing on the digital sample machine, eliminating unnecessary information and reducing data volume;
an auxiliary processing submodule: the digital prototype machine is used for adding textures and colors and recombining all parts of the digital prototype machine;
the simulation task building module comprises:
a model import submodule: the system comprises a digital model, a virtual environment and a control module, wherein the digital model is used for importing a digital prototype and other maintenance and guarantee resources required in the virtual scene into the virtual environment;
a virtual scene construction submodule: constructing a virtual maintenance scene, and restoring a real product maintenance scene;
a dynamic and physical constraint module: applying dynamic and physical constraints which accord with real conditions to the objects in the virtual scene;
the scene interaction module includes:
the command equipment binding submodule comprises: the interactive operation instruction is bound to the interactive equipment and used for the user to expand and interact with the virtual scene;
the motion capture module includes:
the motion data capturing and collecting submodule is used for capturing and collecting motion data of a user;
the interactive command positioning submodule is used for providing positioning information for the interactive command;
the visual tracking sub-module is used for providing tracking and positioning services when the user moves in the sight line of the virtual scene;
and the maintainability verification module is used for checking maintainability related items in the interaction process of virtual maintenance simulation, checking maintainability items, contents and standards, and formulating by maintainability designers according to the actual maintainability design requirements of the product.
4. The immersive virtual repair simulation system for product maintainability verification of claim 3, wherein: the database management module includes:
a storage submodule: a digital model for storing commonly used maintenance support resources in the virtual maintenance scenario;
reading the sub-modules: and the method is used for reading the digital model of the commonly used maintenance support resources in the virtual maintenance scene.
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