CN108267636A - Fm microwave signal parameter measuring method and device based on photon technology - Google Patents
Fm microwave signal parameter measuring method and device based on photon technology Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
- G01R23/17—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis with optical or acoustical auxiliary devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fm microwave signal parameter measuring methods based on photon technology.Fm microwave signal polarization to be measured is modulated at polarization direction and light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle is on 45 ° of light carrier, and generated signal is divided into two-way；To the first via, after carrying out 0 ° or 90 ° of analyzing, it is enabled to pass through the light filter unit that an amplitude response changes with frequency linearity；To the second tunnel, 45 ° of analyzing is carried out；Then opto-electronic conversion and the microwave amplitude information changed over time is therefrom extracted to two paths of signals respectively；Finally, it calculates the Amplitude Ratio that two way microwave signals change over time and is multiplied by fixed coefficient, and thus acquire the centre frequency and bandwidth of fm microwave signal to be measured.The invention also discloses a kind of fm microwave signal parameter measuring devices based on photon technology.The present invention can carry out the multiple parameters such as frequency, the bandwidth of all kinds of fm microwave signals including linear FM signal to measure simultaneously and in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fm microwave signal parameter measuring method more particularly to a kind of frequency modulation based on photon technology
Microwave signal measurement method of parameters.
Background technology
Linear frequency modulation microwave signal is a kind of pulse compression signal with big time width-bandwidth product, can improve survey simultaneously
The range resolution and speed resoluting force of amount system, therefore suffer from radar, sonar, seismic survey etc. very extensive
Using.Linear frequency modulation microwave signal has very more parameters in itself, such as centre frequency, bandwidth, pulse width, impulse amplitude and arrives
Up to time etc., in modern electronic warfare, these parameters are carried out accurately to measure in real time very necessary.Traditional electrical measurement side
The advantages such as method has precision high, and flexibility is good, but since intrinsic electronic bottleneck limits, in bandwidth, processing speed etc. nothing
Method realizes good performance.Photon technology has small, and light-weight, with roomy, transmission loss is low, can effectively antagonize electromagnetism and do
It the advantages such as disturbs, new thinking is provided to solve the electronic bottleneck in measuring system.
In the parameter to be measured of fm microwave signal, frequency information is very important information and measures other parameter
The premise of information.The existing instantaneous frequency measurement method based on microwave photon can be divided into three classes, frequency-space mapping, and frequency-
Time map and the mapping of frequency-amplitude ratio.The method that optical channel is commonly used in the mapping in frequency to space；Frequency arrives the time
Mapping mainly realizes different delays by Dispersive Devices to the signal of different frequency；The mapping of frequency to Amplitude Ratio generally passes through
Two-way optical link operates, and two and the light amplitude of frequency dependence or microwave amplitude is obtained, by calculating Amplitude Ratio come anti-frequency pushing rate.
Frequency measuring method based on frequency-space mapping usually requires the device of special designing, such as has the filter of continuous passband
Wave device group, frequency comb, photodetector array etc., structure is usually relatively complex, and efficiency is low, it is difficult to be designed.Based on frequency-
The frequency measuring method of time map usually requires that the device of big dispersion can be provided, under the restriction of existing dispersion means, frequency measurement essence
Degree is not high.Based on frequency-amplitude than frequency measuring method be divided into measure optical signal Amplitude Ratio and measure microwave signal Amplitude Ratio.
Measure optical signal magnitude than basic skills be：The bias voltage of modulator is adjusted, generates the double-side band light letter that carrier wave inhibits
Number it is divided into two-way, (or the light of other frequency response symmetrical complements filters by the optical filter of sin shapes and cos shapes respectively
Device group), the Amplitude Ratio of optical signal is calculated after light power meter detects.Measure microwave signal amplitude than basic skills be：
Microwave signal is modulated on the light carrier of two different wave lengths, by identical dispersive medium and through photodetector beat frequency,
It obtains two way microwave signals and extracts the amplitude informations of two way microwave signals calculating the Amplitude Ratio of microwave signal.Compared to first two
Method, frequency-amplitude have the advantages that simple in structure, measurement stability is high, and measurement range is adjustable than frequency measuring method, but same with this
When, due to needing to control bias voltage that modulator is made to be operated in minimum transfer point, frequency-light amplitude is than the precision meeting of frequency measuring method
It is biased the influence of drift；The carrier wavelength needs of Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier signal are aligned with the peak wavelength of optical filter,
Therefore the wave length shift of laser can also have an impact measurement accuracy.And frequency-microwave signal amplitude is than the essence of frequency measuring method
Degree can directly be influenced by laser wavelength drift.In addition, frequency-space mapping and frequency-time mapping are only applicable to survey
The frequency information of microwave signal is measured, the measurement of other parameter can not be completed by both methods, and frequency-amplitude is than mapping
Although frequency measuring method has the potentiality for measuring fm microwave signal multi-parameter, but since the Amplitude Ratio curve obtained is not with frequency
Linear relationship also needs to be compared big calculation amount in frequency pushing rate anti-according to Amplitude Ratio, and calculating microwave signal, other are joined
Bigger calculation amount is also required to during number, so as to bring the increase of measurement error.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a kind of tune based on photon technology
Frequency microwave signal measurement method of parameters, can be to frequency, the bandwidth of all kinds of fm microwave signals including linear FM signal
Etc. multiple parameters carry out simultaneously and in real time measure.
It is of the invention that above-mentioned technical problem is specifically solved using following technical scheme：
A kind of fm microwave signal parameter measuring method based on photon technology, fm microwave signal to be measured is passed through
Light polarization modulator is modulated at polarization direction and light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle, and will be generated
Polarization modulation signals are divided into two-way；To first via polarization modulation signals, analyzing direction and the light polarization modulator main shaft square are utilized
After the analyzer that angle is 0 ° or 90 ° carries out analyzing, it is enabled to be filtered by an amplitude response with the light that frequency linearity changes
Unit obtains the phase modulated optical signal of single order sideband difference, then to the phase modulated optical signal of the single order sideband difference
After carrying out opto-electronic conversion, the microwave amplitude information changed over time is extracted from transformed microwave signal；It is inclined to the second tunnel
It shakes modulated signal, it is right after the analyzer for being 45 ° using analyzing direction and the light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle carries out analyzing
It carries out opto-electronic conversion, and the microwave amplitude information changed over time is then extracted from transformed microwave signal；Finally, it counts
It calculates the Amplitude Ratio that two way microwave signals change over time and is multiplied by fixed coefficient, obtain fm microwave signal to be measured at any time
Between the frequency information that changes, and thus acquire the centre frequency and bandwidth of fm microwave signal to be measured, the coefficient is surveys
The intrinsic parameter of amount system.
Further, the method further includes：According to obtained centre frequency and bandwidth and two way microwave signals with
The amplitude information of time change obtains the impulse amplitude of fm microwave signal to be measured, pulse width and arrival time.
It is as follows that corresponding device technique scheme can also be obtained according to identical invention thinking：
A kind of fm microwave signal parameter measuring device based on photon technology, including：
Polarization Modulation unit, for by fm microwave signal to be measured by light polarization modulator be modulated at polarization direction with
Light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle is on 45 ° of light carrier, and the polarization modulation signals generated are divided into two-way；
First amplitude information extraction unit, for first via polarization modulation signals, utilizing analyzing direction and the polarization
After the analyzer that modulator major axes orientation angle is 0 ° or 90 ° carries out analyzing, enable it by an amplitude response with frequency linearity
The light filter unit of variation, obtains the phase modulated optical signal of single order sideband difference, then to the phase of the single order sideband difference
After position modulated optical signal carries out opto-electronic conversion, the microwave amplitude letter changed over time is extracted from transformed microwave signal
Breath；
Second amplitude information extraction unit, for the second road polarization modulation signals, utilizing analyzing direction and the polarization
After the analyzer that modulator major axes orientation angle is 45 ° carries out analyzing, opto-electronic conversion is carried out to it, then from transformed microwave
The microwave amplitude information changed over time is extracted in signal；
Computing unit, for calculating the two way microwave signals extracted of first, second amplitude information extraction unit at any time
The Amplitude Ratio of variation is simultaneously multiplied by fixed coefficient, obtains the frequency information that fm microwave signal to be measured changes over time, and
Thus the centre frequency and bandwidth of fm microwave signal to be measured are acquired, the coefficient is the intrinsic parameter of measuring system.
Further, the computing unit also according to obtained centre frequency and bandwidth and two way microwave signals with
The amplitude information of time change obtains the impulse amplitude of fm microwave signal to be measured, pulse width and arrival time.
Preferably, the Polarization Modulation unit includes sequentially connected light source, Polarization Controller, light polarization modulator, light point
Beam device.
Preferably, the smooth filter unit is programmable optical wave filter.
Preferably, it when carrying out microwave amplitude information extraction, is sampled using low speed analog-digital converter.
Compared with prior art, technical solution of the present invention has the advantages that：
The present invention pushes away microwave frequency, and then obtain other parameter by the way of Amplitude Ratio is calculated come counter, has structure letter
It is single, can measuring tape it is wide very big the advantages of, and can realize the more of all kinds of fm microwave signals including linear FM signal
The instantaneous of parameter measures simultaneously.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of one specific embodiment of fm microwave signal parameter measuring device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the amplitude-frequency response figure of the spectrogram and optical filter in specific embodiment after light polarization modulator；
Fig. 3 is the curve that the amplitude of two way microwave signals up and down that frequency sweep obtains changes with frequency and master output ratio with frequency
The curve of rate variation；
Fig. 4 is the linear FM signal measurement result of frequency range 1GHz -10GHz.
Specific embodiment
Can not be to the deficiency that linear frequency modulation microwave signal parameter measures for the existing measuring technique based on photon, this
Invention proposes following measuring method：By fm microwave signal to be measured by light polarization modulator be modulated at polarization direction with partially
The modulator major axes orientation angle that shakes is on 45 ° of light carrier, and the polarization modulation signals generated are divided into two-way；To the first via
Polarization modulation signals are examined using analyzing direction with analyzer that the light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle is 0 ° or 90 °
It is to the rear, it is enabled to pass through the light filter unit that an amplitude response changes with frequency linearity, obtains the phase tune of single order sideband difference
Optical signal processed, after then carrying out opto-electronic conversion to the phase modulated optical signal of the single order sideband difference, from transformed microwave
The microwave amplitude information changed over time is extracted in signal；To the second road polarization modulation signals, using analyzing direction with it is described
After the analyzer that light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle is 45 ° carries out analyzing, opto-electronic conversion is carried out to it, then from transformed
The microwave amplitude information changed over time is extracted in microwave signal；Finally, the width that two way microwave signals change over time is calculated
It spends than and is multiplied by fixed coefficient, obtain the frequency information that fm microwave signal to be measured changes over time, and thus acquire
The centre frequency and bandwidth of fm microwave signal to be measured, the coefficient are the intrinsic parameter of measuring system.
This method can also be changed over time further according to obtained centre frequency and bandwidth and two way microwave signals
Amplitude information, obtain the impulse amplitude of fm microwave signal to be measured, pulse width and arrival time.
Fm microwave signal parameter measuring device based on photon technology proposed by the invention, including：
Polarization Modulation unit, for by fm microwave signal to be measured by light polarization modulator be modulated at polarization direction with
Light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle is on 45 ° of light carrier, and the polarization modulation signals generated are divided into two-way；
First amplitude information extraction unit, for first via polarization modulation signals, utilizing analyzing direction and the polarization
After the analyzer that modulator major axes orientation angle is 0 ° or 90 ° carries out analyzing, enable it by an amplitude response with frequency linearity
The light filter unit of variation, obtains the phase modulated optical signal of single order sideband difference, then to the phase of the single order sideband difference
After position modulated optical signal carries out opto-electronic conversion, the microwave amplitude letter changed over time is extracted from transformed microwave signal
Breath；
Second amplitude information extraction unit, for the second road polarization modulation signals, utilizing analyzing direction and the polarization
After the analyzer that modulator major axes orientation angle is 45 ° carries out analyzing, opto-electronic conversion is carried out to it, then from transformed microwave
The microwave amplitude information changed over time is extracted in signal；
Computing unit, for calculating the two way microwave signals extracted of first, second amplitude information extraction unit at any time
The Amplitude Ratio of variation is simultaneously multiplied by fixed coefficient, obtains the frequency information that fm microwave signal to be measured changes over time, and
Thus the centre frequency and bandwidth of fm microwave signal to be measured are acquired, the coefficient is the intrinsic parameter of measuring system.
The computing unit can also be changed over time according to obtained centre frequency and bandwidth and two way microwave signals
Amplitude information, obtain the impulse amplitude of fm microwave signal to be measured, pulse width and arrival time.
For ease of public understanding, to carry out technical scheme of the present invention with a specific embodiment and with reference to attached drawing below
It is described in detail：
As shown in Figure 1, the measuring device of the specific embodiment includes：Laser, Polarization Controller, light polarization modulator, 0 °
Analyzer, 45 ° of analyzers, light filter unit, two photodetectors, microwave amplitude measuring unit and computing unit.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, after laser output light carrier, by adjusting Polarization Controller, make the main shaft square of light carrier polarization direction and light polarization modulator
To angle be 45 °, fm microwave signal to be measured is modulated on light carrier by light polarization modulator, and in Polarization Modulation
It is divided into two-way up and down after device；Upper road optical signal is by one and inspection that light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle is 0 ° (or 90 °)
Inclined device realizes the transformation from Polarization Modulation optical signal to phase modulated optical signal, is then passed through an amplitude response with frequency line
Property variation light filter unit, obtain the phase modulated optical signal of single order sideband difference, the phase-modulation of this single order sideband difference
Optical signal passes through photodetector beat frequency, and by the sampling of low speed analog-digital converter, can obtain the microwave that road changes over time
Amplitude information；Lower road optical signal passes through the analyzer that one is 45 ° with light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle, realizes and is adjusted from polarization
For optical signal processed to the transformation of amplitude-modulated light, amplitude-modulated light passes through photodetector beat frequency, and passes through low speed mould
Number converter samples, and obtains the microwave amplitude information that lower road changes over time；Two way microwave signals up and down are calculated to change over time
Amplitude Ratio, multiplied by the frequency information changed over time with fixed coefficient, i.e., fm microwave signal frequency to be measured is at any time
Between the information that changes, thus acquire the centre frequency and bandwidth of fm microwave signal to be measured, finally can be by the center that calculates
Frequency and bandwidth and the above-mentioned amplitude information changed over time acquired, counter can release the pulse of linear FM signal to be measured
Amplitude, pulse width and arrival time, so as to be measured while completing fm microwave signal multiple parameters to be measured.
Smooth filter unit therein is preferably realized using programmable optical wave filter.
It is assumed that it is by laser output optical signal
Wherein E0For the amplitude of light carrier, ωcAngular frequency for light carrier.
After Polarization Controller, optical carrier is exported to light polarization modulator, for modulating simple signal, it is assumed that is added
The microwave signal for being loaded in prevention at radio-frequency port is sin Ω t, then the output of light polarization modulator can be expressed as
Wherein, Ex(t), Ey(t) it is respectively TE moulds on two main shafts of light polarization modulator and TM moulds, γ is the index of modulation,
It is the phase difference between TE moulds and TM moulds.Formula (2) is carried out expansion according to Bessel Formula to obtain
Wherein Jn(*) represents first kind n rank Bessel functions.
The optical signal of Polarization Modulation is divided into two-way up and down after photo-coupler, and lower road optical signal is adjusted by one and polarization
The analyzer that device major axes orientation angle processed is 45 °, realizes the transformation from Polarization Modulation optical signal to amplitude-modulated light, obtains
Amplitude-modulated light can be expressed as
This amplitude-modulated light obtains photoelectric current by photodetector beat frequency
WhereinFor with the relevant constant of lower road link load.
Upper road optical signal obtains E by one with analyzer that light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle is 0 ° or 90 °x(t)
Or Ey(t), it realizes the transformation from Polarization Modulation optical signal to phase modulated optical signal, obtains phase modulated optical signal, then pass through
The light filter unit that an amplitude response changes with frequency linearity is crossed, the filter response of the light filter unit can be expressed as
H (ω)=K (ω-ω1) (6)
Wherein, H (ω) is defined in ω1To ω2Linear function, K is slope.
Phase modulated optical signal obtains the phase modulated optical signal of single order sideband difference after the light filter unit, can
To be expressed as
The phase modulated optical signal of single order sideband difference obtains photoelectric current by photodetector beat frequency
WhereinFor with the upper relevant constant of road link load.
The matched resistance of photoelectric current that upper and lower two ways of optical signals is taken can be converted into microwave signal, turn by low speed modulus
Parallel operation samples, and can obtain the amplitude information of upper and lower two paths of signals, therefore Amplitude Ratio can be calculated：
When measured signal is a small-signal, the value of high-order Bessel function is 0, only zero Bessel function and one
Rank Bessel function needs to consider, this up-to-date style (5), (7), (9) become
It is variable due to there was only Ω in formula, it can be seen that Amplitude Ratio is an amount directly proportional to frequency, with calculating
Obtained Amplitude Ratio is multiplied by the frequency information that fixed coefficient can obtain microwave signal.By adjusting upper and lower two-way optical link
Attenuation can obtain：
F=κ × ACF (14)
Wherein, κ=1/ [2 π K2(ωc-ω1)]。
Situation when being above single-frequency microwave signal for microwave signal to be measured.Assuming that it is modulated at the microwave on light polarization modulator
Signal is linear FM signal：
Wherein VeFor impulse amplitude, the normalized pulse envelopes of R (t), effective time range in the pulse period is from tTOAIt arrives
tTOA+tPW,tTOAFor arrival time, tPWFor pulse width, k is the chirp rate of linear FM signal.
The index of modulation can be expressed as at this time
Formula (10) (11) (12) becomes
Using formula (19), the Amplitude Ratio changed over time being calculated is multiplied by what fixed coefficient κ was changed over time
Thus frequency information, i.e., the information that linear frequency modulation microwave signal frequency changes over time are acquired in linear FM signal to be measured
Frequency of heart, bandwidth, pulse width and arrival time.The amplitude information of linear frequency modulation microwave signal can be obtained by formula (20).
The fixed coefficient κ be with the relevant intrinsic parameter of measuring system, 1/ [2 π K can be passed through2(ωc-ω1)] calculate；It is testing
In, generally use calibrates the method for calibration to obtain the numerical value of κ, such as the microwave signal by using a standard frequency, counts
Corresponding Amplitude Ratio under the frequency is calculated, so as to obtain the numerical value of κ.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of fm microwave signal parameter measuring method based on photon technology, which is characterized in that frequency modulation to be measured is micro-
Wave signal is modulated at polarization direction and light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle by light polarization modulator, and
The polarization modulation signals generated are divided into two-way；To first via polarization modulation signals, adjusted using analyzing direction and the polarization
After the analyzer that device major axes orientation angle processed is 0 ° or 90 ° carries out analyzing, it is enabled to become by an amplitude response with frequency linearity
The light filter unit of change, obtains the phase modulated optical signal of single order sideband difference, then to the phase of the single order sideband difference
After modulated optical signal carries out opto-electronic conversion, the microwave amplitude information changed over time is extracted from transformed microwave signal；
To the second road polarization modulation signals, using the analyzer that analyzing direction and the light polarization modulator major axes orientation angle are 45 ° into
After row analyzing, opto-electronic conversion is carried out to it, the microwave amplitude changed over time is then extracted from transformed microwave signal
Information；Finally, it calculates the Amplitude Ratio that two way microwave signals change over time and is multiplied by fixed coefficient, obtain frequency modulation to be measured
The frequency information that microwave signal changes over time, and the centre frequency and bandwidth of fm microwave signal to be measured are thus acquired,
The coefficient is the intrinsic parameter of measuring system.
2. method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include：According to obtained centre frequency and bandwidth and two
The amplitude information that road microwave signal changes over time, obtains the impulse amplitude of fm microwave signal to be measured, pulse width and
Arrival time.
3. a kind of fm microwave signal parameter measuring device based on photon technology, which is characterized in that including：
Polarization Modulation unit, for fm microwave signal to be measured to be modulated at polarization direction and polarization by light polarization modulator
Modulator major axes orientation angle is on 45 ° of light carrier, and the polarization modulation signals generated are divided into two-way；
First amplitude information extraction unit, for first via polarization modulation signals, utilizing analyzing direction and the Polarization Modulation
After the analyzer that device major axes orientation angle is 0 ° or 90 ° carries out analyzing, it is enabled to change by an amplitude response with frequency linearity
Light filter unit, the phase modulated optical signal of single order sideband difference is obtained, then to the phase tune of the single order sideband difference
After optical signal processed carries out opto-electronic conversion, the microwave amplitude information changed over time is extracted from transformed microwave signal；
Second amplitude information extraction unit, for the second road polarization modulation signals, utilizing analyzing direction and the Polarization Modulation
After the analyzer that device major axes orientation angle is 45 ° carries out analyzing, opto-electronic conversion is carried out to it, then from transformed microwave signal
In extract the microwave amplitude information changed over time；
Computing unit changes over time for calculating the two way microwave signals that first, second amplitude information extraction unit is extracted
Amplitude Ratio and be multiplied by fixed coefficient, obtain the frequency information that fm microwave signal to be measured changes over time, and thus
The centre frequency and bandwidth of fm microwave signal to be measured are acquired, the coefficient is the intrinsic parameter of measuring system.
4. device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the computing unit is also according to obtained centre frequency and band
The amplitude information that width and two way microwave signals change over time obtains the impulse amplitude of fm microwave signal to be measured, arteries and veins
Rush width and arrival time.
5. device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the Polarization Modulation unit includes sequentially connected light source, polarization
Controller, light polarization modulator, beam splitter.
6. device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the smooth filter unit is programmable optical wave filter.
7. device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that when carrying out microwave amplitude information extraction, turned using low speed modulus
Parallel operation is sampled.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN109547098A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-29 | 浙江大学 | A kind of microwave photon Time delay measurement calibrating installation |
| CN110542887A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-12-06 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | linear frequency modulation signal carrier suppression method for radar system |
| CN111416659A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2020-07-14 | 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 | Optical signal time domain waveform measuring method, device, electronic equipment and medium |
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| CN112636823A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Microwave frequency measurement method and device based on photon assistance |
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