CN108242914A

CN108242914A - A kind of method and device of solar energy conversion

Info

Publication number: CN108242914A
Application number: CN201611224478.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘伯安
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-12-27
Filing date: 2016-12-27
Publication date: 2018-07-03

Abstract

Method and device provided by the invention, in the solar energy system using sunlight tracking, sunlight tracking is carried out with plane mirror, when the elevation angle and azimuthal variation of the sun, the normal direction of plane mirror changes therewith, keep the direction for being reflected sunlight by plane mirror constant, always vertical irradiation is on the fixed energy conversion device in position, it is achieved thereby that the separation of sunshine tracer and energy conversion device, not only sunshine tracer can be with independent design and manufacture, it has not existed to the weight limitation of energy conversion device, it is easy to add other function devices, such as increase water heater, increase Low Temperature Difference stirling generator etc..

Description

A kind of method and device of solar energy conversion

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to the implementation methods and dress of solar energy conversion (0001) with sunshine tracking (0000) It puts, such as photovoltaic conversion (0002) such as implementation method of condensation photovoltaic (0003) conversion and device and non-concentrating photovoltaic (0004) turns Implementation method and device, the implementation method and device of heat to electricity conversion (0005) such as Stirling-electric hybrid (0006) changed, including concentrating Solar power station, distribution solar power station, solar energy greenhouse, solar house etc..Specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of sun (0001) method and device can be converted, based on this method and device, makes the sunshine tracking of solar energy conversion (0001) system (0000) device is detached with energy conversion (0007) device, is reduced to the limit of energy conversion (0007) device additional functional device System obtains other incomes, the whole warp of multiplication solar energy conversion (0001) system with relatively low cost while producing electricl energy Ji benefit.

Background technology

Any one specific place on earth, the azimuth of the sun and elevation angle change over time, similarly In point and same time interval, the sunlight of vertical incidence makes solar energy conversion (0001) device absorb and convert more sun Can, but the cost of sunshine tracking (0000) device of sunlight vertical incidence is kept often to counteract relevant income, it is general only to exist Integral benefit can just use in the case of being significantly increased, the system that (1000) device is converged using sunlight, it is necessary to use sunlight Track (0000) device.

Solar energy is directly changed into electric energy, different light by photovoltaic conversion (0002) device using photovoltaic cell (1001) The transfer efficiency for lying prostrate battery (1001) is different, is differed from more than four ten more than ten to percent percent, using sunshine tracking (0000) Device, the electric energy that can generate unit area photovoltaic cell (1001) improve 20% to 30%, but only using expensive High conversion efficiency photovoltaic cell (1001) photovoltaic conversion (0002) system in, just there is apparent overall efficiency to be promoted, gather (1000) device is converged using sunlight in light photovoltaic (0003) device, carries the electric energy that unit area photovoltaic cell (1001) generates Even hundreds times of high several times, substantially reduce the usage amount of expensive photovoltaic cell (1001), further improve entirety Economic benefit, but nonetheless, the unit of electrical energy cost of photovoltaic conversion (0002) device is still higher than the list of conventional power generation device The position cost of electric energy, needs government to give and subsidizes, and photovoltaic conversion (0002) device just has investment value.

In photovoltaic conversion (0002) device with sunshine tracking (0000), photovoltaic cell (1001) is very likely It is damaged due to overheat, (1002) device that cools is necessary devices.

Heat to electricity conversion (0005) device generally has the shapes such as steam turbine (1003) conversion and Stirling-electric hybrid (0006) conversion Formula, steam turbine (1003) system complex exist generally in the form of large scale system, and Stirling-electric hybrid (0006) is simple in structure, profit Mechanical energy is converted solar energy into the temperature difference in hot junction and cold end, transfer efficiency can be improved by improving the temperature difference in hot junction and cold end, (1000) device is converged using sunlight and improves hot-side temperature, (1002) device reduces cold junction temperature, Stirling using cooling Generator (1004) will include the generator for converting mechanical energy into electric energy.

(1002) device that cools is allowed to generate and hot water and be used, is well-known and promotes whole economic efficiency Possible way, but the motion state of sunshine tracking (0000) device limit the weight of energy conversion (0007) device, also make production Raw hot water is difficult to transmit, keeps the temperature, is antifreeze etc., it is often caused not have economic feasibility.

The present invention provides a kind of implementation method and device of solar energy conversion (0001), and solar energy is made to convert (0001) system Sunshine tracking (0000) device and energy conversion (0007) device detach, reduce and (0007) installation weight converted to energy Limitation, additional heat exchange (1005) device and transmission, heat preservation, antifreeze simple and easy to do, are also easy to add other functional devices, carry Whole economic efficiency is risen.

Description of the drawings

The attached drawing of description of the invention is simply introduced first below, then in conjunction with these attached drawings to the present invention Each implementation example be introduced, illustrate the principle of the present invention and feature.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the preferred embodiment worm gear connector (4001) that the method according to the invention is realized.

Fig. 2 is that Winter Solstice is being just on the Northern Hemisphere for preferred embodiment solar energy converting unit (4100) that the method according to the invention is realized The light path schematic diagram of the period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m.

Fig. 3 is that the Summer Solstice is being just on the Northern Hemisphere for preferred embodiment solar energy converting unit (4100) that the method according to the invention is realized The light path schematic diagram of the period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m.

Fig. 4 is the preferred embodiment solar energy converting unit (4100) of the method according to the invention realization in spring and fall equinoxes day Light path schematic diagram when going out.

Fig. 5 is the preferred embodiment solar energy converting unit (4100) of the method according to the invention realization in spring and fall equinoxes day Light path schematic diagram when falling.

Fig. 6 be the method according to the invention realize preferred embodiment solar energy converting unit (4100) with Fresnel Lenses into The light path schematic diagram of row optically focused.

Fig. 7 be the method according to the invention realize preferred embodiment solar energy converting unit (4100) with dish-style speculum into The light path schematic diagram of row optically focused.

Fig. 8 is the preferred embodiment array minute surface (4300) that the method according to the invention is realized and its shrinks stacked (4301) Schematic diagram

Fig. 9 is the double array mirrors for the preferred embodiment solar-energy conversion array (4400) that the method according to the invention is realized Schematic diagram.

The double array mirrors for the preferred embodiment solar-energy conversion array (4400) that Figure 10 the method according to the invention is realized It is retracted the schematic diagram of stacked (4301).

Description agreement

First, location expression

1. installation site (3000)：The installation site of solar energy system；

2. latitude (3001) is installed：The latitude of installation site (3000)；

3. weft (3002) is installed：The latitude line of installation site (3000)；

4. longitude (3003) is installed：The longitude of installation site (3000)；

5. warp (3004) is installed：The meridian of installation site (3000)；

6. intersection point (3005) is installed：Weft (3002) and installation warp (3004) intersection point are installed；

7. normal (3006) is installed：Earth center is to the line direction for installing intersection point (3005)；

8. mounting plane (3007)：Plane with Method for Installation line (3006) for normal direction at intersection point (3005) institute is installed；

9. section (3008) is installed：Plane residing for earth center and installation warp (3004).

2nd, environment describes

1. equator latitude (3100)：The latitude in equator, 0.0 degree；

2. equator weft (3101)：The latitude line in equator；

3. equatorial node (3102)：The intersection point of equator weft (3101) and installation warp (3004)；

4. equator normal (3103)：Earth center is to the line direction of equatorial node (3102)；

5. latitude (3104) is returned in south：The latitude of the tropic of Capricorn, about -23.5 degree；

6. weft (3105) is returned in south：The latitude line of the tropic of Capricorn；

7. south backcrossing point (3106)：South returns weft (3105) and installs the intersection point of warp (3004)；

8. normal (3107) is returned in south：Earth center is returned the line direction of point (3106) to south；

9. latitude (3108) is returned in north：The latitude of the tropic of cancer, about+23.5 degree；

10. weft (3109) is returned in north：The latitude line of the tropic of cancer；

11. north backcrossing point (3110)：North returns weft (3109) and installs the intersection point of warp (3004)；

12. normal (3111) is returned in north：Earth center is returned the line direction of point (3110) to north.

3rd, conversion described

1. plane of incidence (3200)：Light in condenser or non-concentrating photovoltaic (0004) device in sunlight convergence (1000) device Lie prostrate the plane of incidence of battery (1001) etc.；

2. incident midpoint (3201)：The midpoint of plane of incidence (3200)；

3. incident normal (3202)：Incident midpoint (3201) and the reversed plane of incidence of incident ray (3200) normal are crossed, It should be always pointed near reflection midpoint (3302), to ensure that reflected range (3304) is utilized to greatest extent；

4. incidence range (3203)：Incident ray in plane of incidence (3200) can be by carry out energy conversion (0007) Part.

4th, minute surface describes

1. mirror surface (3300)：Reflect the plane mirror of sunlight；

2. the plane of reflection (3301)：The plane of reflection of mirror surface (3300)；

3. it reflects midpoint (3302)：The midpoint of mirror surface (3300)；

4. reflect normal (3303)：Cross the plane of reflection (3301) normal of reflection midpoint (3302)；

5. reflected range (3304)：The range of sunlight reflection (3403) covering, area is sufficiently large, to ensure it always Incidence range (3203) can be covered；

6. reflection height (3305)：The height variable angle of mirror surface (3300), reflection normal (3303) are flat with installation The angle in face (3007)；

7. it reflects orientation (3306)：The alterable azimuth of mirror surface (3300), reflection normal (3303) are flat in installation The projection in face (3007) and the angle of installation section (3008)；

8. reflect fulcrum (3307)：Control the pivot point of mirror surface (3300) tracks sunlight；

9. reflex control (3308)：Control the variable-length push-pull rod of mirror surface (3300) tracks sunlight.

5th, sunlight describes

1. sunlight height (3400)：The elevation angle of the sun, the angle of sunray and mounting plane (3007)；

Sunlight orientation 2. (3401)：The azimuth of the sun, sunray are cutd open in the projection of mounting plane (3007) with installation The angle in face (3008)；

3. sunlight incidence (3402)：The sunray of the directive plane of reflection (3301)；

4. sunlight reflects (3403)：Mirror surface (3300) is to the reflection light of sunlight incident (3402)；

5. sunlight plane (3404)：Plane residing for sunlight incidence (3402) and sunlight reflection (3403).

6th, component describes

1. reflection subassembly (3500)：Mirror surface (3300) and change its reflect midpoint (3302) position, reflection normal (3303) direction, that is, reflection height (3305) and the device of reflection orientation (3306) etc.；

2. transition components (3510)：Photovoltaic cell (1001) component or stirling generator (1004) or other solar energy turn (0001) device is changed, position immobilizes, and incident normal (3202) direction also immobilizes, selectable to be converged comprising sunlight Poly- (1000) device；

3. track component (3520)：Calculate or sample sunlight height (3400) and sunlight orientation (3401), memory or sampling Incident normal (3202), memory and control reflection midpoint (3302) position, reflection height (3305) and reflection orientation (3306) Deng, when changing in sunlight height (3400) and sunlight orientation (3401), make sunlight reflection (3403) always with incident normal (3202) it is parallel；

4. exchange component (3530)：Transition components (3510) are cooled down (1002), it is selectable to include to heat Measure the method and device being used；

5. combination control (3501)：Multiple reflection subassemblies (3500) merge control (3502) and/or coordinated signals (3503) And/or control reflection midpoint (3302) position and reflection normal (3303) direction are implemented in control (3504) respectively, merge control (3502) refer to implement reflection point midway and reflection normal direction controlling, coordinated signals by a controller and an actuator (3503) refer to implement reflection point midway and reflection normal direction controlling by a controller and multiple actuators, control respectively (3504) refer to implement reflection point midway and reflection normal direction controlling by multiple controllers and multiple actuators；

6. combined tracking (3521)：Multiple tracking components (3520) merge tracking (3522) and/or linkage tracking (3523) And/or sunshine tracking (0000) is implemented in tracking (3524) respectively, merge tracking (3522) refer to by a controller and one with Track device implements sunshine tracking, and linkage tracking (3523) refers to implement sunshine tracking by a controller and multiple trackers, respectively Tracking (3524) refers to implement sunshine tracking by multiple controllers and multiple trackers；

7. combined exchange (3531)：Multiple exchange components (3530), which merge, exchanges (3532) and/or linkage exchange (3533) And/or exchange (3534) respectively and implement heat exchange (1005), merge exchange (3532) and refer to be handed over by a controller and one Parallel operation implements heat exchange, and linkage exchanges (3533) and refers to implement heat exchange by a controller and multiple exchangers, respectively (3534) are exchanged to refer to implement heat exchange by multiple controllers and multiple exchangers.

Specific embodiment

Description of specific embodiments of the present invention below.

First, universal fulcrum (4000)

The composition of the universal fulcrum (4000) of the present invention is as follows：

1. the method and device of operable worm gear connector (4001), two groups of coaxial every group of at least one sectors of worm sector Worm gear is coaxial with two shafts respectively, and it is connecting shaft that the symmetrical plane (4002) of two groups of worm sectors, which is mutually perpendicular to its intersecting straight lines, Line (4003), the axis right-angled intersection of two shafts, two axis co-planars or non-coplanar, two groups of worm gears and two shaft coenosarc structures Into a cruciform joint, the selectable worm gear connector (4001) without worm gear is for by activity supporting point (4004)；

2. the method and device of operable rotatable connection (4005) can be socketed on a shaft of worm gear connector (4001) Upper rotation, connection direction (4006) is vertical with the axis of shaft, fixes one group of axis co-planar and the worm screw being mutually parallel thereon, The worm gear of whole worm screws and the coaxial worm sector group of shaft corresponding composition worm and gear pair respectively, rotation can change whole worm screws at the same speed Become the rotatable connection connection direction (4006) of (4005) and the angle of corresponding worm gear symmetrical plane (4002), it is selectable not have There is the rotatable connection (4005) of worm screw for by activity supporting point (4004), rotatable connection (4005) should to have what is connect with other devices Method and device；

3. it is operable by a worm gear connector (4001) and two methods for being assembled together of rotatable connection (4005) and Device；

4. operable sample and control respectively two rotatable connections (4005) and snail on corresponding worm gear connector (4001) The method and device of wheel group symmetrical plane (4002) angle, the two angles are exactly that the both direction of universal fulcrum (4000) is free It spends angle (4007).

Universal fulcrum (4000) is integrated with cruciform joint by worm and gear, simplifies the direction controlling of two degree of freedom Method and device, is the torque load(ing) in order to make worm gear connector (4001) that can carry bigger using coaxial worm gear, worm gear it Between space can be used for setting angle code device, the fan angle of worm sector, universal fulcrum can be increased by increasing worm gear radius (4000) sunshine tracking (0000) available for implementation solar energy equipment.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a preferred worm gear connector (4001), and center is front view, and the left side is right view, the right It is left view, the above is bottom view, and here is top view, can also reduce its weight to its hollow out.

In Fig. 1, A and B is the both ends of a shaft AB, and C and D are the both ends of another rotating shaft C D, and E1 and E2 are and turn The worm gear of axis AB coaxial lines, F1 and F2 are the worm gears with rotating shaft C D coaxial lines, the symmetrical plane (4002) of worm gear E1/E2 ABE is horizontally oriented and perpendicular to drawing, and the axis of shaft AB is located therein, the symmetrical plane (4002) of worm gear F1/F2 Vertically and perpendicular to drawing, the axis of rotating shaft C D is located therein CDF, and connection axis (4003) is positioned at the center of Fig. 1 And perpendicular to drawing.

It is no worm gear and the universal fulcrum (4000) of worm screw by activity supporting point (4004), can be driven and be followed actively by connecting rod The action of universal fulcrum (4000), can be used to reduce in photovoltaic conversion combination (4150) and solar energy shifting combination (4500) sunlight with The cost of track (0000) device.

2nd, photovoltaic conversion unit (4100)

The composition of the photovoltaic conversion unit (4100) of the present invention is as follows：

1. one or more photovoltaic cells or battery pack form a photovoltaic module (4101)；

2. operable use universal fulcrum (4000) by photovoltaic module (4101) fixed method and device；

3. the method and device of operable sunshine tracking (0000) samples and controls two rotations in universal fulcrum (4000) Turn the connection direction (4006) of connection (4005), track sun altitude and azimuthal variation, make sunlight always near vertical Irradiation on photovoltaic module (4101)；

4. the method and device that the operable electric energy for generating photovoltaic module (4101) exports.

Universal fulcrum (4000) is integral sunlight tracking (0000) method and device of low cost, suitable for birdbath Or the solar energy equipment of roofing, the photovoltaic conversion unit with following function can be realized using universal fulcrum (4000) and column (4100)。

3rd, photovoltaic conversion combination (4150)

The composition of the photovoltaic conversion combination (4150) of the present invention is as follows：

1. a photovoltaic conversion unit (4100) splits more than installs nearby；

2. selectable partly or entirely universal fulcrum (4000) is by activity supporting point (4004)；

3. the selectable method and device for making all universal fulcrum (4000) synchronous interactions；

4. selectable implement whole photovoltaic conversion units (4100) to merge tracking (3522) and/or linkage tracking (3523) and/or respectively the method and device of (3524) is tracked.

Photovoltaic conversion combination (4150) is the photovoltaic conversion array of a linkage for being deployed in ground or roofing.

One preferred method is：Multiple photovoltaic conversion units (4100) are arranged in a straight line array, are not passive at two Under universal fulcrum (4000) driving of fulcrum (4004), make the both direction of all universal fulcrums (4000) respectively with two groups of connecting rods Degree of freedom angle (4007) is linked, so as to fulfill the linkage of whole photovoltaic conversion unit (4100) sunshine trackings (0000).With three Not point-blank be not it is then better by universal fulcrum (4000) driving of activity supporting point (4004), can also be with other Method and device driving is multiple by activity supporting point (4004).

4th, solar energy converting unit (4200)

The composition of the solar energy converting unit (4200) of the present invention is as follows：

1. a mirror surface (3300) and it is controlled to reflect midpoint (3302) position and reflects normal (3303) direction Method and device；

2. a solar energy-electric energy conversion equipment (4201) and the method and device of electric energy output generated, may be selected Photovoltaic cell (1001) or stirling generator (1004) or other similar method and devices converted as solar energy-electric energy Device；

3. the method and device of operable sunshine tracking (0000), sampling and control mirror surface (3300) track the sun Elevation angle and azimuthal variation, sunlight reflection (3403) is always parallel with incident normal (3202), and incident normal (3202) is total It is directed near reflection midpoint (3302), reflected range (3304) covers incidence range (3203) as far as possible；

4. the selectable method and device converged sunlight on the solar energy-electric energy conversion equipment (4201) (1000) arrived；

5. the heat exchange (1005) in selectable (4201) by solar energy-electric energy conversion equipment comes out and is used Method and device.

The effect of mirror surface (3300) is to carry out sunshine tracking (0000), when sunlight height (3400) and sunlight orientation (3401) when changing, reflection height (3305) and reflection orientation (3306) change therewith, make the direction of sunlight reflection (3403) not Become, be always radiated on plane of incidence (3200) and direction is parallel with incident normal (3202).Reflection height (3305) and reflection Orientation (3306) variation range is the half of sunlight height (3400) and sunlight orientation (3401) variation range respectively, using one Sunshine tracking (0000) function can be realized in non-reflective reference (3307) and two reflex controls (3308), and inexpensive realizes sun Light tracks the separation of (0000) device and energy conversion (0007) device, and the position of energy conversion (0007) device can be fixed not Become, make conversion to energy (0007) device additional functional device therefore it is simple and feasible, such as utilize solar energy-electric energy conversion equipment (4201) (1002) device that cools, addition heat-exchange device generate hot water, and the daily time is used for kitchen and bathing, winter For the warming and irrigation of heating residential, greenhouse, extra hot water is for Low Temperature Difference stirling generator (1004) power generation etc..

The preferred embodiment of the present invention, installation latitude (3001) is 45 degree of north latitude, and incident normal (3202) is positioned at installation In section (3008) and vertical with north time normal (3111), light path schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is its high noon in Winter Solstice, Fig. 3 is its Summer Solstice Light path schematic diagram during high noon, Fig. 4 are the light path schematic diagram of its spring and fall equinoxes at sunrise, and Fig. 5 is its spring and fall equinoxes sunset When light path schematic diagram, for non-concentrating photovoltaic (0004) device, plane of incidence (3200) is exactly to install photovoltaic cell (1000) Plane, sunlight reflects (3403) direct irradiation on photovoltaic cell (1001), generates electricity to condensation photovoltaic (0003) or Stirling Machine (1004), then need sunlight convergence (1000) device, and Fig. 6 is that it uses the sunlight of Fresnel Lenses to converge (1000) dress The light path schematic diagram put, Fig. 7 are that it uses the sunlight of batterfly shape reflective mirror to converge the light path schematic diagram of (1000) device, are simplification figure There is no the convergence for embodying batterfly shape reflective mirror normal direction in 6.

In order to ensure that reflected range (3304) covers incidence range (3203), the position of mirror surface (3300) should be always Incident normal (3202) is made to be directed toward near reflection midpoint (3302), mirror surface (3300) is also sized to more than incidence range (3203), when such as reflection normal (3303) is 45 degree with maximum angle of the sunlight reflection (3403) in height and orientation, then The length and width of mirror surface (3300) is each about 1.4 times of the length and width of incidence range (3203), if necessary then The array minute surface (4300) of collapsible stacked (4301) need to be used, reduces the covering model of mirror surface (3300) shade as far as possible It encloses.

Preferred incident normal (3202) returns normal (3107) with south or north time normal (3111) is vertical, cutd open positioned at installation In face (3008), elevation angle is more than 0 degree or less than 0 degree, and azimuth is 0 degree or 180 degree, in solar-energy conversion array (4400) it then can be parallel in or be converging or diverging with.

5th, array minute surface (4300)

The composition of the array minute surface (4300) of the present invention is as follows：

Identical size or various sizes of mirror surface (3300) more than 1. and control its reflect midpoint (3302) position and The method and device of normal direction forms MxN arrays, and M and N are integer；

2. selectable implement full reflection mirror face (3300) to merge control (3502) and/or coordinated signals (3503) And/or (3504) its reflection midpoint (3302) position is controlled respectively and reflects the method and device in normal (3303) direction；

3. the selectable method and device for shrinking stacked (4301) mirror surface (3300).

The size of photovoltaic cell component is restricted, and the size of Fresnel Lenses is restricted, the limited amount of dish-style speculum System, etc., the size of the incidence range (3203) of solar energy conversion (0001) device thus be restricted, and reduce sunshine tracking (0000) cost of device then requires the size of mirror surface (3300) big as far as possible, often that photovoltaic cell, Fresnel is saturating The groupings such as mirror, dish-style speculum, form multiple solar energy converting units (4200), and multiple mirror surfaces (3300) therein are formed Array minute surface (4300) merges control (3502) and/or coordinated signals (3503) and/or controls (3504) these speculums respectively Reflection normal (3303) direction in face (3300), not only meet that single mirror surface is small and requirement that overall reflective minute surface is big, Also make it possible that contraction is stacked (4301) multiple mirror surfaces (3300).

Control is merged to reflection normal (3303) direction of mirror surfaces (3300) multiple in array minute surface (4300) (3502) and/or coordinated signals (3503), cost that can be relatively low realize sunshine tracking (0000), generally make reflection normal (3303) direction keeping parallelism if it is desired that reflection normal (3303) direction is converging or diverging with, then needs to control respectively (3504) Normal (3303) direction is reflected, using control (3502) and/or coordinated signals (3503) progress sunshine tracking (0000) is merged, is adopted Reflection normal (3303) direction is converging or diverging with control (3504) respectively, sunshine tracking (0000) effect of optimization can be obtained Fruit reflects the convergence in normal (3303) direction, makes being closely located to for multiple Photospot solar device for converting electric energy (4201) devices, The merging of (1002) device of being easy to cool exchanges (3532) and/or linkage exchanges (3533) and generates hot water, it might even be possible to It is directly realized by sunlight convergence (1000).

Fig. 8 is a preferred array minute surface (4300) and its schematic diagram for shrinking stacked (4301), is described as follows：

1. 9 mirror surfaces (3300) of identical size form 3x3 arrays；

2. upper left, upper right, lower-left, bottom right mirror surface (3300) can be close to each other, 2x2 arrays are formed, positioned at folded The 4th layer put；

3. in left and right/it is upper neutralize it is lower in mirror surface (3300) can be close to each other, form 1x2/2x1 arrays, Positioned at stacked the 3/2nd layer；

Neutralized on 4. it is lower in/it is left and right in mirror surface (3300) can be close to each other, composition 2x1/1x2 arrays, Positioned at stacked the 2/3rd layer；

5. the position of mirror surface (3300) in is constant, positioned at stacked the 1st layer.

Array minute surface (4300) and to be shunk stacked (4301) be not a kind of only this possibility of 3x3 arrays, can be MxN Array, M and N may each be 1,2,3,4 ..., etc..

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of a preferred double array minute surfaces (4300), and Figure 10 is to be shunk showing for stacked (4301) It is intended to, symmetrical structure of dividing right and left makes reflection normal (3303) direction be easier to be changed and variation range bigger.

6th, solar-energy conversion array (4400)

The composition of the solar-energy conversion array (4400) of the present invention is as follows：

A solar energy converting unit (4200) more than 1.；

2. mirror surface (3300) forming array minute surface (4300) in whole solar energy converting units (4200)；

3. selectable implement whole solar energy converting units (4200) to merge tracking (3522) and/or linkage tracking (3523) and/or respectively the method and device of (3524) is tracked；

4. selectable implement whole solar energy converting units (4200) to merge exchange (3532) and/or linkage exchange (3533) and/or respectively it exchanges (3534) heat exchange (1005) of solar energy converting unit (4200) is come out and is used Method and device；

5. between selectable (3300) by mirror surface the areflexia shade in seam section respectively with incidence range (3203) method and device of the section alignment between.

Using multiple solar energy converting units (4200), by the mirror surface in whole solar energy converting units (4200) (3300) forming array minute surface (4300) constitute a solar-energy conversion array (4400).

(3523) and/or the respectively method and device of tracking (3524) are tracked using merging tracking (3522) and/or linking, Both the cost of sunshine tracking (0000) can have been reduced, can also improve the performance of sunshine tracking (0000).

(3532) and/or linkage exchange (3533) and/or the respectively method and device of exchange (3534) are exchanged using merging, Can the heat in whole solar energy converting units (4200) be exchanged and be used with relatively low cost.

In array minute surface (4300) between mirror surface (3300) seam section there are areflexia shade, one is preferred Method is to determine that the distance between incidence range (3203) and dynamic change exist in design and installation by static state change Change mirror surface (3300) position in the course of work, by the spatial alignment between areflexia shade and incidence range (3203) Method makes areflexia shade not influence the normal work of solar energy-electric energy conversion equipment (4201).

The scale of solar-energy conversion array (4400) under the premise of user demand is met, determines by its ratio of performance to price, Also it can be limited by installation environment.

7th, solar energy shifting combination (4500)

The composition of the solar energy shifting combination (4500) of the present invention is as follows：

1. a solar energy converting unit (4200) splits more than installs nearby；

2. the mirror surface (3300) in whole solar energy converting units (4200) is fixed using universal fulcrum (4000), can The universal fulcrum in part (4000) of selection be by activity supporting point (4004), it is selectable to make all universal fulcrum (4000) synchronous interactions Method and device；

4. selectable implement whole solar energy converting units (4200) to merge exchange (3532) and/or linkage exchange (3533) and/or respectively it exchanges (3534) heat exchange (1005) of solar energy converting unit (4200) is come out and is used Method and device.

Solar energy shifting combination (4500) is the device for converting solar energy of a linkage for being deployed in ground or roofing, is made The method and device of universal fulcrum (4000) linkage, is explained, here not in the explanation of photovoltaic conversion combination (4150) It repeats again.

8th, solar power station (5000) is concentrated

The composition of the concentration solar power station (5000) of the present invention is as follows：

A photovoltaic conversion combination (4150) more than 1. and/or solar-energy conversion array (4400) and/or solar energy shifting combination (4500)；

2. selectable combine (4150) and/or solar-energy conversion array (4400) and/or the sun to whole photovoltaic conversions Energy shifting combination (4500) implements to merge tracking (3522) and/or linkage tracks (3523) and/or tracks the side of (3524) respectively Method and device；

3. selectable combine (4150) and/or solar-energy conversion array (4400) and/or the sun to whole photovoltaic conversions Energy shifting combination (4500) implementation merges exchange (3532) and/or linkage exchange (3533) and/or exchange (3534) will be hot respectively Amount exchanges the method and device that (1005) come out and are used；

4. operable obtain electric energy from power grid and the method and dress of electric energy and selectable storage electric energy fed to power grid It puts；

5. operable be stopped in power grid and/or photovoltaic conversion combination (4150) and/or solar energy allowed to turn at sunset Change the method and device that array (4400) and/or solar energy shifting combination (4500) are stopped.

The major function for concentrating solar power station (5000) is to provide electric energy to power grid, its own need to consume a small amount of electric energy Power station is made to keep on the go, as carried out the preparation of power generation before sun rise daily, implementing sunshine tracking (0000), implementation cooling drop The heat exchange (1005) of warm (1002) etc. when power grid is stopped, concentrates solar power station (5000) also to implement to operate To be stopped, the connection with power grid is such as disconnected, sunlight is made no longer to be irradiated to incidence range (3203), continues to cool (1002) until no longer needing to force to cool (1002) etc., these operations may need the energy using storage, in power grid After resuming work, solar power station (5000) is concentrated also to generate electricity again in time and feeds electric energy to power grid.

From the flood tide thermal energy that solar power station (5000) is concentrated to exchange, neighbouring community, kind can be provided it to Plant the utilizations such as greenhouse or using low thermoelectric power-generating devices secondary electricity generation, etc..

9th, distribution solar power station (5100)

The composition of the distribution solar power station (5100) of the present invention is as follows：

4. operable obtain electric energy from power grid and the method and dress of electric energy and selectable storage electric energy fed to power grid The method and device put；

5. operable be stopped in power grid and/or whole photovoltaic conversions allowed to combine (4150) and/or the sun at sunset The method and device that energy conversion array (4400) and/or solar energy shifting combination (4500) are stopped；

6. the method and device of operable local electric energy scheduling (5101).

The major function of distribution solar power station (5100) is to provide electric energy for local user, while also using power grid as storage The device of electric energy is deposited, distribution solar power station (5100) not only needs to meet the requirement to concentrating solar power station (5000), also It needs to implement local electric energy scheduling (5101).It, be from power grid or storage when local electric energy output does not apply demand when power grid works normally The device for depositing electric energy obtains electric energy supplement, when local electric energy output is more than demand, electric energy storage is fed to power grid and/or to storage Deposit the device charging of electric energy.When power grid is stopped, need to disconnect the connection with power grid, local electric energy output does not apply demand When, to stop powering to fractional load, when electric energy output is more than demand, photovoltaic conversion to be allowed to combine (4150) and/or solar energy Conversion array (4400) and/or solar energy shifting combination (4500) are stopped, if desired for then to storage electric energy device then fill Electricity makes power station be stopped before sunset.

The thermal energy exchanged from distribution solar power station (5100) can use it for kitchen, bathing, building heating Deng or using low thermoelectric power-generating devices secondary electricity generation, etc..

Tenth, household solar energy power station (5200)

The composition in the household solar energy power station (5200) of the present invention is as follows：

1. one or more photovoltaic conversion combinations (4150) and/or solar-energy conversion array (4400) and/or solar energy turn Change combination (4500)；

5. operable photovoltaic conversion combination (4150) and/or the solar energy of allowing when power grid is stopped and/or at sunset The method and device that conversion array (4400) and/or solar energy shifting combination (4500) are stopped；

6. the method and device of operable family's electric energy scheduling (5201).

The major function in household solar energy power station (5200) is to provide electric energy for one family, while also using power grid as storage The device of electric energy is deposited, household solar energy power station (5200) need to meet the requirement to distribution solar power station (5100), smaller Scale, make it possible to fully meet the local electric energy storage of demand, family's electric energy scheduling (5201) is also relatively easy to realize.

The thermal energy exchanged from household solar energy power station (5200), for kitchen, bathing, heating etc., extra adopts With low thermoelectric power-generating devices secondary electricity generation, etc..

Claims

1. a kind of universal fulcrum, including：

A) method and device of operable worm gear connector, two groups of coaxial every group of at least one worm sectors of worm sector respectively with Two shafts are coaxial, and it is to connect axis, the axis of two shafts that the symmetrical plane of two groups of worm sectors, which is mutually perpendicular to its intersecting straight lines, Line right-angled intersection, two axis co-planars or non-coplanar, two groups of worm gears and two shaft coenosarcs form a cruciform joint, may be selected The worm gear connector without worm gear be used for by activity supporting point；

B) method and device of operable rotatable connection can be socketed in a shaft of worm gear connector and rotate, connection side To vertical with the axis of shaft, one group of axis co-planar is fixed thereon and the worm screw being mutually parallel, whole worm screws coaxially fan with shaft The worm gear of shape worm gear is corresponding respectively to form worm and gear pair, and whole worm screws rotate the connection direction of changeable rotatable connection at the same speed With the angle of corresponding worm gear symmetrical plane, the selectable rotatable connection without worm screw is for by activity supporting point, rotatable connection There should be the method and device being connect with other devices；

C) the operable method and device being assembled together that a worm gear connector and two are rotatably connected；

D) it is operable to sample and control respectively two rotatable connections and worm gear symmetrical plane angle on corresponding worm gear connector Method and device, the two angles are exactly the both direction degree of freedom angle of universal fulcrum.

2. a kind of photovoltaic conversion unit, including：

A) one or more photovoltaic cells or battery pack form a photovoltaic module；

B) the operable universal fulcrum using such as claim 1 is by the fixed method and device of photovoltaic module；

C) method and device of operable sunshine tracking samples and controls the connection side of two rotatable connections in universal fulcrum To tracking sun altitude and azimuthal variation, make the irradiation of sunlight always near vertical on photovoltaic module；

D) method and device that the operable electric energy for generating photovoltaic module exports.

3. a kind of photovoltaic conversion combination, including：

A) multiple photovoltaic conversion units such as claim 2 are split installs nearby；

B) selectable partly or entirely universal fulcrum is by activity supporting point；

C) the selectable method and device for making all universal fulcrum synchronous interactions；

D) it is selectable that whole photovoltaic conversion units are implemented to merge the method that tracking and/or linkage are tracked and/or tracked respectively And device.

4. a kind of solar energy converting unit, including：

A) mirror surface and the method and device that it is controlled to reflect point midway and reflect normal direction；

B) a solar energy-electric energy conversion equipment and the method and device of electric energy output generated, selectable photovoltaic cell Or stirling generator or other similar method and devices are as solar energy-electric energy conversion equipment；

C) method and device of operable sunshine tracking, sampling and control mirror surface tracking sun altitude and azimuthal Variation, sunlight reflection is always parallel with incident normal, and incident normal is always pointed near reflection midpoint, and reflected range is as far as possible Cover incidence range；

D) method and device on the selectable solar energy-electric energy conversion equipment for converging to sunlight；

E) method and device that the heat exchange in the selectable conversion equipment by solar energy-electric energy comes out and is used.

5. a kind of array minute surface, including：

A) multiple identical sizes or various sizes of mirror surface and control its reflect the method for point midway and normal direction and Device forms MxN arrays, and M and N are integer；

B) it is selectable that full reflection mirror face is implemented to merge control and/or coordinated signals and/or it is controlled to reflect midpoint respectively Position and the method and device of reflection normal direction；

C) the selectable method and device for shrinking stacked mirror surface.

6. a kind of solar-energy conversion array, including：

A) it is multiple such as the solar energy converting unit of claim 4；

B) mirror surface in whole solar energy converting units is formed such as the array minute surface of claim 5；

C) it is selectable that whole solar energy converting units are implemented to merge the side that tracking and/or linkage are tracked and/or tracked respectively Method and device；

D) it is selectable to whole solar energy converting units implement merge exchange and/or linkage exchange and/or respectively exchange will too The method and device that the heat exchange of positive energy converting unit comes out and is used；

E) the selectable section by the areflexia shade in seam section between mirror surface respectively between incidence range is aligned Method and device.

7. a kind of solar energy shifting combination, including：

A) multiple solar energy converting units such as claim 4 are split installs nearby；

B) mirror surface in whole solar energy converting units is used such as the universal fixed pivot of claim 1, selectable The universal fulcrum in part is the selectable method and device for making all universal fulcrum synchronous interactions by activity supporting point；

D) it is selectable to whole solar energy converting units implement merge exchange and/or linkage exchange and/or respectively exchange will too The method and device that the heat exchange of positive energy converting unit comes out and is used.

8. a kind of concentration solar power station, including：

A) it is multiple as claim 3 photovoltaic conversion combines and/or solar-energy conversion array and/or such as such as claim 6 With the solar energy shifting combination of claim 7；

B) it is selectable that the combination of whole photovoltaic conversions and/or solar-energy conversion array and/or solar energy shifting combination are implemented to close And the method and device for tracking and/or tracking respectively that tracks and/or link；

C) it is selectable that the combination of whole photovoltaic conversions and/or solar-energy conversion array and/or solar energy shifting combination are implemented to close And it exchanges and/or links and exchange and/or exchange respectively the method and device that heat exchange is come out and is used；

D) it is operable to obtain electric energy from power grid and the method and device of electric energy and selectable storage electric energy is fed to power grid；

E) it is operable power grid be stopped and/or allow at sunset photovoltaic conversion combine and/or solar-energy conversion array and/or The method and device that solar energy shifting combination is stopped.

9. a kind of distribution solar power station, including：

A) multiple photovoltaic conversion combinations such as claim 3 and/or as claim 6 solar-energy conversion array and/or Such as the solar energy shifting combination of claim 7；

D) it is operable to obtain electric energy from power grid and feed the method and device of electric energy and selectable storage electric energy to power grid Method and device；

E) it is operable power grid be stopped and allow at sunset whole photovoltaic conversions combine and/or solar-energy conversion array and/ Or the method and device that solar energy shifting combination is stopped；

F) method and device of operable local electric energy scheduling.

10. a kind of household solar energy power station, including：

A) one or more solar-energy conversion arrays such as the combination of claim 3 photovoltaic conversion and/or such as claim 6 And/or the solar energy shifting combination such as claim 7；

E) it is operable allow when power grid is stopped and/or at sunset photovoltaic conversion combine and/or solar-energy conversion array and/ Or the method and device that solar energy shifting combination is stopped；

F) method and device of operable family's electric energy scheduling.