CN108202749A - Fire and smoke exhaust device for rail vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire smoke exhaust device for a rail vehicle, which comprises two groups of exhaust devices and two groups of air supplement devices, wherein the exhaust devices suck smoke in a vehicle body into an exhaust pipeline through a ventilation opening, the smoke is exhausted to the outside through an exhaust opening by a first fan after being purified by a first dust remover, the smoke in a vehicle head is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust opening by the first fan after being purified by a second dust remover, the air supplement devices suck outside air into a second fan through an air supplement opening, one part of the outside air is supplemented into the vehicle tail through an air outlet, and the other part of the outside air is exhausted into a carriage through the ventilation opening. The invention avoids the mutual influence between the air flows through the form of separately designing the air exhaust and the air supplement in the carriage, and can be started according to the smoke condition in the carriage through the form of mutually staggering the two groups of air exhaust devices and the air supplement devices, thereby being convenient and energy-saving.

Description

Fire and smoke exhaust device for rail vehicles

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of smoke exhaust devices, in particular to a fire smoke exhaust device for rail vehicles.

Background technique

At present, rail transit has become more and more common. Although there are air conditioners and ventilation devices, the ventilation between the car interior and the outside world depends entirely on the wind pressure generated when the car is running. Smog, the existing ventilation equipment in the car cannot discharge the smoke to the outside of the car in time, which seriously affects the life safety of the passengers, and usually the smog generation in the car is different, so it needs to be dealt with separately.

Existing patent CN181703224U provides a kind of motor vehicle compartment smoke exhaust, exhaust device relates to a kind of smoke exhaust, exhaust device, is particularly suitable for the use of all kinds of motor vehicles. It includes air inlet, exhaust fan, exhaust duct, air outlet and power switch. The exhaust fan includes impeller, motor, exhaust fan casing, backstop cover and front cover. The impeller is connected with the main shaft of the motor. The cover is set at the air inlet, the middle of the front cover is opened with a vent, the vent is equipped with a net cover, the check cover is installed at the air outlet of the exhaust duct, the power line of the motor is connected with the battery of the motor vehicle, and the exhaust fan is installed on the exhaust pipe. inside the air duct. The power switch is installed on the console of the cab. The upper and lower sides of the front cover are parallel and fixedly connected with the vehicle side bars on both sides of the compartment roof. The outlet of the exhaust duct is connected with the vehicle inlet and outlet duct or exhausted separately. An elbow is arranged in the exhaust duct, and the elbow is a detachable joint. However, the technology cannot deal with the smoke separately according to the smoke situation in the cabin.

Existing patent CN183450130U provides a kind of ventilation and heat dissipation device for high-speed train equipment, including air-conditioning unit, waste discharge device and equipment cabinet, set air inlet and air outlet on the cabinet body of the equipment cabinet, in the equipment cabinet A fan is provided, and the air outlet is connected to the exhaust device through a connecting air duct. The utility model makes the cold air blown out by the air conditioner flow directly from the inside of the equipment cabinet, and the heat emitted by the testing equipment can be directly discharged out of the vehicle to the greatest extent, and the temperature inside the vehicle can be controlled evenly, which ensures the normal operation of the testing equipment and the comfort of the people in the vehicle At the same time, it also reduces the cooling load of the air-conditioning unit and achieves the purpose of energy saving. However, the carriages of this technology share a connecting pipe, and the smoke situation in the carriages cannot be well controlled, and the air outlet and exhaust gas are integrated. resulting in inefficient ventilation.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the disadvantages of low ventilation efficiency in the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A fire and smoke exhaust device for rail vehicles, comprising two sets of exhaust devices and two sets of supplementary air devices;

The exhaust device includes an exhaust duct and a first fan connected to the exhaust duct. The two sets of exhaust ducts run through the compartment and are respectively erected on the top of both sides of the inner wall of the compartment in parallel. The exhaust duct is connected with a group of series-connected vents 8 , the air vent is protruding and inclined relative to the inner wall of the compartment, so as to better absorb the smoke in the compartment, and one end of the exhaust duct is connected with the first fan through the first dust collector, and the exhaust device filters the rear and the rear of the vehicle through the first dust collector Body smoke, the first fan is provided with a second dust collector to filter the smoke in the front of the car, and the exhaust device discharges the smoke through the air outlet on the top of the car;

The supplementary air device includes a supplementary air duct and a second fan connected to the supplementary air duct. The supplementary air ducts of the two sets of supplementary air devices run through the compartment and are respectively erected in parallel at the bottom of both sides of the inner wall of the compartment. The air vent 8 of the air vent is protruding and inclined relative to the inner wall of the compartment, so as to better supplement air into the compartment. One end of the supplementary air duct communicates with the second fan fixed in the rear of the car, and one end of the second fan is connected to the air outlet. In communication, the second blower communicates with the supplementary air port through a pipe.

Preferably, the first blower communicates with the second dust remover, the first blower is connected to the air exhaust port through a pipe, and is used to filter the smoke in the compartment, and a check valve is arranged on the air exhaust port to prevent the smoke from flowing back. Both the dust remover and the second dust remover are wedge-shaped structures. Sealing rings are provided at the connection between the two ends of the first dust remover and the pipeline. The connection between the second dust remover and the fan is telescopic, which can The position can be adjusted flexibly.

Preferably, the first fan is equipped with a motor, and the motor is connected to the first fan through the first gear in the converter to inhale the smoke from the body and the rear of the car. The first gear meshes with the second gear, and the second gear meshes with the second gear. The gear is connected with the second fan drive to suck the smoke in the front of the car.

Preferably, the second fan (16) has the same structure as the first fan (6).

Preferably, the first fans of one set of exhaust devices are arranged at the front of the vehicle, the first fans of another group of exhaust devices are arranged at the rear of the vehicle, the second fans of one set of air supplement devices are arranged at the front of the vehicle, and the other The second blower fan of the supplementary air device is arranged at the rear of the vehicle.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

Through the separate design of the exhaust device and the air supply device, the ventilation effect is enhanced and the mutual influence between the air flow is avoided. By setting two sets of exhaust devices and the air supply device in the form of interlacing, it can be activated according to the smoke situation in the compartment, which is convenient and energy-saving. , while filtering harmful substances in the smoke to prevent air pollution, the retractable design between the second dust collector and the fan optimizes the smoke exhaust effect, the structure is simple, and the design is reasonable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the structure of a rail vehicle fire and smoke exhaust device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the first fan;

Reference signs: 1-compartment, 2-front, 3-body, 4-rear, 5-exhaust duct, 6-first fan, 7-supplement air duct, 8-vent, 9-first dust collector , 10-air exhaust port, 11-second dust collector, 12-air supply port, 13-air outlet, 14-check valve, 15-sealing ring, 16-second fan, 601-motor, 602-converter, 603-first fan, 604-first gear, 605-second gear, 606-second fan.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Figure 1-2

A rail vehicle fire and smoke exhaust device as shown in Figure 1-2, including two sets of exhaust devices and two sets of air supply devices;

The exhaust device comprises an exhaust duct 5 and a first blower fan 6 communicating with the exhaust duct 5. Two sets of exhaust ducts 5 run through the compartment 1 and are erected in parallel on the tops of both sides of the inner wall of the compartment 1. The exhaust duct 5 communicates with a group of The vents 8 connected in series, the vents are protruding and inclined relative to the inner wall of the compartment 1, so as to better absorb the smog in the compartment 1, one end of the exhaust duct 5 communicates with the first fan 6 through the first dust collector 9, and the exhaust device passes through The first dust collector 9 filters the smog from the rear of the car 4 and the body 3, the first blower 6 is provided with a second dust collector 11 to filter the smog in the front of the car 2, and the exhaust device is discharged through the air outlet 10 on the top of the front of the car 2 smoke;

The supplementary air device comprises a supply air duct 7 and a second blower fan 16 connected with the supplementary air duct 7. The supplementary air ducts 7 of the two sets of supplementary air devices run through the compartment 1 and are respectively erected in parallel at the bottom of both sides of the inner wall of the compartment 1. The supplementary air duct 7 There is a group of air vents 8 connected in series on the top, and the air vents are protruding and inclined relative to the inner wall of the compartment 1, which is convenient for better supplementing air into the compartment 1. One end of the supplementary air duct 7 communicates with the second fan 16 fixed in the rear of the vehicle 4 One end of the second fan 16 communicates with the air outlet 13, and the second fan 16 communicates with the supplementary air outlet 12 through a pipe.

As shown in Figure 1, the first fan 6 communicates with the second dust collector 11, and the first fan 6 is connected to the air outlet 10 through a pipe to filter the smoke in the compartment 1, and the air outlet 10 is provided with a check valve 14 , to prevent smoke backflow, the first dust collector 9 and the second dust collector 11 are both wedge-shaped structures, the two ends of the first dust collector 9 are connected to the pipeline with a sealing ring 15, and the second dust collector 11 and the fan 6 are The telescopic connection can be flexibly adjusted according to the position of the smoke in the head 2.

As shown in Figure 2, the first fan 6 is provided with a motor 601, the motor 601 is connected to the first fan 603 through the first gear 604 in the converter 602, and is used to inhale the smoke in the vehicle body 3 and the rear 4. The gear 604 meshes with the second gear 605 , and the second gear 605 is in transmission connection with the second fan 606 for inhaling the smoke in the headstock 2 .

As shown in Figure 2, the second fan 16 is provided with a motor 601, the motor 601 is connected to the first fan 603 through the first gear 604 in the converter 602, and is used to inhale the smog in the front 2 and the vehicle body 3, the first gear 604 It meshes with the second gear 605 , and the second gear 605 is in transmission connection with the second fan 606 to discharge the outside air into the tail 4 .

As shown in Figure 1, the first blower fan 6 of one group of exhaust devices is arranged at the front of the car 2, the first blower fan 6 of another group of exhaust devices is arranged at the rear 4, and the second blower fan 16 of one group of supplementary air devices is arranged at The front 2 and the second blower fan 16 of another group of supplementary air devices are arranged at the rear 4 of the car.

The exhaust device sucks the smoke in the vehicle body 3 into the exhaust duct 5 through the vent 8, and after being purified by the first dust collector 9, it is discharged into the outside world through the first fan 6 through the exhaust port 10, and the smoke in the front 2 enters the first fan 6. After being purified by the second dust collector 11, it is discharged into the outside world through the air exhaust port 10 through the first fan 6, and the air supply device sucks the outside air into the second fan 16 through the air supply port 12, and part of the air is supplemented by the air outlet 13 to the vehicle. In the tail 4, the other part is discharged into the compartment 1 through the vent 8.

Two sets of exhaust devices and two sets of supplementary air devices can be used to decide how many sets to activate according to the smog situation in the train.

Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still understand The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some of the technical features are equivalently replaced, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (5)

1. A rail vehicle fire smoke exhaust device, comprising two groups of exhaust devices and two groups of air supply devices, is characterized in that: The exhaust device comprises an exhaust duct (5) and a first blower fan (6) communicated with the exhaust duct (5). The exhaust ducts (5) of the two groups run through the compartment (1) and are erected in parallel on the compartment (1) respectively. ) on both sides of the inner wall, the exhaust duct (5) is connected with a group of series-connected vents (8), the vents are protruding and inclined relative to the inner wall of the compartment (1), and one end of the exhaust duct (5) passes through the first dust collector ( 9) communicate with the first fan (6), the exhaust device filters the smoke from the tail (4) and the body (3) through the first dust collector (9), and the first fan (6) is provided with a second The dust collector (11) is used to filter the smog in the head (2), and the exhaust device discharges the smog through the air outlet (10) provided on the top of the head (2); The supplementary air device includes a supplementary air duct (7) and a second fan (16) connected to the supplementary air duct (7). The supplementary air ducts (7) in the two sets of supplementary air devices run through the compartment (1) and are respectively erected in parallel. At the bottom of both sides of the inner wall of the compartment (1), a group of air vents (8) connected in series are connected to the air supply duct (7). The vents are protruding and inclined to the inner wall of the compartment (1). The second fan (16) in the rear (4) communicates, one end of the second fan (16) communicates with the air outlet (13), and the second fan (16) communicates with the supplementary air outlet (12) through a pipeline . 2. A rail vehicle fire smoke exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first fan (6) communicates with the second dust collector (11), and the first fan (6) communicates with the exhaust fan (6) through a pipeline. The tuyere (10) is connected, and a check valve (14) is arranged on the air outlet (10). Both the first dust collector (9) and the second dust collector (11) are wedge-shaped structures, and the first A sealing ring (15) is provided at the connection between the two ends of the dust collector (9) and the pipeline, and the second dust collector (11) and the blower fan (6) are telescopically connected. 3. A rail vehicle fire and smoke exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first fan (6) is provided with a motor (601), and the motor (601) passes through the converter (602) The first gear (604) is in transmission connection with the first fan (603) for inhaling the smoke in the vehicle body (3) and the rear (4), the first gear (604) meshes with the second gear (605), and the second gear (605) is connected with the transmission of the second fan (606), in order to inhale the smog in the front (2). 4. A rail vehicle fire and smoke exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the second fan (16) has the same structure as the first fan (6). 5. A kind of rail vehicle fire smoke exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first blower fan (6) of one group of said exhaust devices is arranged on the headstock (2), and the other group of exhaust devices The first fan (6) is arranged at the rear of the car (4), the second fan (16) of one group of said supplementary air device is arranged at the front of the car (2), and the second fan (16) of another group of supplementary air device is arranged at Rear (4).