CN108180798A - The molding construction method of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting - Google Patents
The molding construction method of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108180798A CN108180798A CN201711467883.7A CN201711467883A CN108180798A CN 108180798 A CN108180798 A CN 108180798A CN 201711467883 A CN201711467883 A CN 201711467883A CN 108180798 A CN108180798 A CN 108180798A
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- Prior art keywords
- reliever
- row
- water
- hole
- explosive
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of molding construction methods of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting, include the following steps：1) it determines the position of the centre bore of explosion, snubber, reliever, periphery hole and bottom plate eye in the face in tunnel, and drills on corresponding position；2) snubber, reliever blasthole in be packed into ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture, using continuous coupled charge constitution；Water gel is packed into the blasthole of periphery hole and bottom plate eye, using continuous decoupling charge structure；3) non-electric ms detonator of explosive is linked to be blasting network, and be connected to outside hole, detonation is excavated.The present invention uses ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture as main rendrock, and water gel is auxiliary detonating charge combination non-electric ms detonator, and stringent controlled blasting sequence improves demolition effect and construction speed；Using the combination of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and water gel, every meter of drilling depth explosive expense is substantially reduced, and can effectively reduce blasting cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Tunnel Blasting fields, and in particular to a kind of molding construction party of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting
Method.
Background technology
At present, mainly there are emulsion, ammonium nitrate explosive about the explosive used in the molding construction method of tunnel blasting
With hydrogel etc., especially emulsion is most common explosive in tunnel blasting, patent 201310671152.X,
201410431705.9 with 201510850448.7 in such explosive for using.But for rock mass (weak weathering) it is more complete,
Rock is hard, for I grade of country rock of joint agensis, and poor there are demolition effect using single emulsion, drilling depth is short,
Work efficiency is low, it is of high cost the defects of, such as Sri Lanka's (it is mainly I grade of country rock) tunnel blasting engineering employ it is local
Emulsion, each average drilling depth of cycle is only 0.4m, and blast hole utilizing factor only has 25%；And each cyclic advance explosive
Expense needs 3500, and every meter of blast cost has reached 8750 yuan.
Invention content
Good it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of demolition effect, water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting at low cost is molding to be applied
Work method.
This molding construction method of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting of the present invention, includes the following steps：
1) cloth hole and drilling：Face in tunnel determines centre bore, snubber, reliever, periphery hole and the bottom of explosion
The position of orderliness, and drill on corresponding position；
2) powder charge：Snubber, reliever blasthole in be packed into ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture, using continuous coupled charge constitution；In week
Water gel is packed into the blasthole of side eye and bottom plate eye, using continuous decoupling charge structure；
3) detonation is excavated：The non-electric ms detonator of explosive is linked to be blasting network, and be connected to outside hole, detonation is excavated.
In the step 1), centre bore is stomata；Several snubbers are equal along innermost circle contour in snubber group
Even distribution；Reliever has three rows altogether, several in first row reliever group, second row reliever group and third row's reliever assist
Eye is uniformly distributed respectively along second layer circumference, third layer circumference and the 4th layer of circumference；Periphery hole in periphery hole group
It is uniformly distributed on outermost layer circular arc line, 285 degree of the central angle corresponding to circular arc；Bottom plate eye along outermost layer circular arc baseline
On be uniformly distributed.
In the step 2), ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture is by industrial ammonium nitrate and fuel oil according to mass ratio 5:1 ratio mixed preparing and
Into the not coefficient of coup of the continuous Uncoincided charge of water gel is 1.68~2.0.
The snubber single hole explosive payload is 1.5kg~1.75kg, first row reliever single hole explosive payload for 1~
1.25kg, second row reliever single hole explosive payload are 0.75~1kg, and third row's reliever single hole explosive payload is 0.75~1kg, all
Side eye single hole explosive payload is 0.5~0.75kg, and bottom plate eye single hole explosive payload is 1.5~1.75kg.
The tunnel explosion order is：Snubber, first row reliever, second row reliever, third row reliever, periphery hole
With bottom plate eye.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention uses ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture as main rendrock, water gel is fried for auxiliary for the characteristic of I grade of country rock
Medicine according to the difference that blasthole acts on, encloses different explosives, and with reference to non-electric ms detonator, stringent controlled blasting sequence makes
Each average drilling depth of cycle has reached 1.3m, and blast hole utilizing factor reaches 81%, is the prior art more than 3 times, significantly improves quick-fried
Broken effect, accelerates construction progress；Secondly, using the combination of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and water gel, every meter of drilling depth explosive expense
It is substantially reduced, can effectively reduce blasting cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 tunnel excavation outline drawings；
Schematic diagram is arranged in Fig. 2 tunnel blastings hole；
Fig. 3 snubbers and reliever charge constitution schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 periphery holes and bottom plate eye charge constitution schematic diagram；
Wherein：1 centre bore；2 snubbers；3 first row relievers；4 second row relievers；5 thirds arrange reliever；6 peripheries
Eye；7 bottom plate eyes；8 detonators；9 water gels；10 stemmings；11 detonators；12 ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixtures.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1st, cloth hole
Before surveying and locating, face surface area soil and crushable layer are first removed, face is gone out using total powerstation measuring, is drawn
Area facial contour then determines vertex, central point, upper half circular arc left and right boundary point, bottom plate right boundary on area facial contour
Point (as shown in Figure 1), then in control point setting-out, and at the scene using the size between 5m tape measures review boundary point, it is ensured that setting-out
Point is accurate.
The position in hole centered on the central point on face, it is true successively on face from inside to outside around centre bore
Determine position (its distribution feelings of snubber, first row reliever, second row reliever, third row reliever, periphery hole and bottom plate eye
Condition is as shown in Figure 2).Snubber 2 is altogether 4, is uniformly distributed on innermost layer circumference, the distance in snubber and the center of circle is
33cm, the circular arc spacing between snubber are 51.8cm.First row reliever 3 totally 8, along uniformly dividing on second layer circumference
Cloth, the circular arc spacing between reliever are 59.2cm.Second row reliever 4 totally 12, is uniformly distributed on third layer circumference,
Circular arc spacing between reliever is 56.5cm.Third arranges reliever 5 totally 18, is uniformly distributed on the 4th layer of circumference, auxiliary
The circular arc spacing helped between eye is 48.7cm.Periphery hole 6 totally 20, is uniformly distributed, circular arc is corresponding on outermost layer circumference
Central angle is 285 degree, and the circular arc spacing between periphery hole is 41.2cm.Bottom plate eye 7 totally 6, along the baseline of outermost layer circular arc
It is uniformly distributed, the straight line spacing between bottom plate eye is 51cm.
2nd, it drills
250kW generators (made in China) power supply is configured at the scene, a 12m is configured3Electric compressor (China's system
Make) gas supply, it is drilled using YT-28 pusher leg drills (made in China), periphery hole 6, reliever 3-5,7 drilling depth of bottom plate eye
1.6m, 1 drilling depth 1.8m of snubber 2 and centre bore, aperture are Φ 42mm, and snubber uses 5 quincunx burn cuts.Hole
The situation of change of geology is noticed, and make a record during eye drilling, when encountering interlayer or having notable difference with surface stone matter, remembered
Record, timely adjusting hole position parameter.After the completion of drilling, the floating quarrel in aperture is cleared up in time, and borehole cleaning uses high-pressure air hose aperture blowing, blows off
Afterwards, check blasthole whether there is whether plug-hole, the spacing of card hole phenomenon and blasthole, eye are consistent deeply with design.The big gun being drilled in advance
Hole is stoppered aperture with woven bag, prevents sundries from blocking blasthole.
3rd, powder charge
Treat that blasthole high pressure air pressure gun purging is clean, first with wooden big gun bar inspecting hole, after determining in blasthole without rock residue,
The water gel 9 for having placed non-electric ms detonator 8 gently pushes to blasthole bottom end, then push remaining successively with wooden big gun bar
Explosive after push often saves explosive, to ensure that explosive is closely connected, is gently consolidated with big gun bar, during push often saves explosive, slightly
The band exceptionally straight detonator of power prevents detonator bending distortion failure during explosive push.
1. the charge constitution of snubber is as shown in figure 3, its concrete structure is：Water gel is saved in blasthole basis rest one
9 (0.25kg), 1 section of non-electrical millisecond thunder 8 of placement manages (delay in the section explosive<13ms, reversed arrangement), the water gel 9
As blasthole explosive initiation point, remaining places ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture, and single hole explosive payload is 1.5kg~1.75kg；
2. the charge constitution of reliever is as shown in figure 3, its concrete structure is：3 single hole explosive payload of first row reliever for 1~
1.25kg saves water gel 9 (0.25 ㎏) in abscess basis rest one, 3 sections of non-electric ms detonators 8 is placed in the section explosive
(50 ± 10ms of delay, reversed arrangement), which is used as blasthole explosive initiation point, remaining places ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture 12；The
Two row's relievers, 4 single hole explosive payload is 0.75~1kg, water gel 9 (0.25 ㎏) is saved in blasthole basis rest one, in the section
5 sections of non-electric ms detonators 8 (110 ± 15ms of delay, reversed arrangement) are placed in explosive, which is used as blasthole explosive
Fire point, remaining places ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture 12；Third 5 single hole explosive payload of row's reliever is 0.75~1kg, in blasthole basis rest one
Save water gel 9 (0.25 ㎏), placed in the section explosive 7 sections of non-electric ms detonators 8 (delay 200+20 or 200-25ms,
Reversed arrangement), which is used as blasthole explosive initiation point, remaining places ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture；
3. the charge constitution of periphery hole is as shown in figure 4, its concrete structure is：6 single hole explosive payload of periphery hole for 0.5~
0.75kg, complete to fill water gel 9,9 sections of non-electric ms detonators 8 are placed in blasthole coxopodite explosive, and (be delayed 310 ± 30ms, instead
To arrangement), the section explosive is as blasthole explosive initiation point；
4. the charge constitution of bottom plate eye is as shown in figure 4, its concrete structure is：7 single hole explosive payload of bottom plate eye for 1.5~
1.75kg, complete to fill water gel 9,9 sections of non-electric ms detonators 8 are placed in blasthole coxopodite explosive, and (be delayed 310 ± 30ms, instead
To arrangement), the section explosive is as blasthole explosive initiation point.
4th, plug-hole
Tamper is mixed and stirred with clay and fine sand, and water content 15%~20% (can tightly be allowed to be molded, not dissipated after loosing one's grip to hold
It opens, and on hand subject to non-sticky water mark).Explosive is blocked after placing, and fills in spitball first, to control blocking segment length, so
Tamping is compressed with wooden tamper layering, every layer of 10cm or so, plug-hole length is not less than 20 ㎝ afterwards.
5th, blasting network is coupled
After the completion of all blast hole projectile fillings, the detonator 11 of non-electric ms detonator 9 is arranged bunchy, is bound with electrical adhesive tape
Into cluster, electric cap is placed among the detonator of binding cluster, electric cap fails in order to prevent, while sets 2 electric caps
Ignite non-electric ms detonator.Electric cap galvanized wire lead is connected with conducting wire, joint location is wrapped up tight with mackintosh, it is ensured that no
Conducting wire is extended other than face demolition point 100m until in safety zone, after the completion of blasting network connection, used by electric leakage
Initiator (K75-CZ200D) checks that initiation net circuit clear can detonate, the maximum non-electric ms detonator number ignited each time
Measure is 100.
6th, detonation link
In the case where personnel are evacuated in safety zone and ensure initiation net with external environment insulation, detonation net is checked
After network circuit clear, detonate initiator, ignites electric cap by initiator, electric cap ignites non-electric ms detonator；Tunnel is slapped
Explosion order in sub- face blasthole, from inside to outside, snubber → first row reliever → second row reliever → the of detonating successively
Three row's relievers → periphery hole and bottom plate eye.
Each cycle of the blasting method of the present embodiment is averaged drilling depth as 1.3m, blast hole utilizing factor 81%；Each cycle
Drilling depth explosive expense is about 900, and every meter of blast cost is 692 yuan.
Comparative example
On the basis of embodiment 1, explosive is changed into emulsion, the charge constitution of explosive, which uses, does not continuously couple dress
Medicine, the coefficient of coup is not 1.68, and other conditions are the same as embodiment 1.
Each cycle of this comparative example borehole blasting method is averaged drilling depth as 0.4m, blast hole utilizing factor 25%；Each cycle
Drilling depth explosive expense is about 3500, and every meter of blast cost is 8750 yuan.
It follows that using ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of the present invention as main rendrock, water gel can be shown for auxiliary explosive
The raising demolition effect of work, accelerates construction progress；And every meter of drilling depth explosive expense is substantially reduced, and can effectively reduce explosion
Cost.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of molding construction method of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting, includes the following steps：
1) cloth hole and drilling：Face in tunnel determines centre bore, snubber, reliever, periphery hole and the bottom plate eye of explosion
Position, and drill on corresponding position；
2) powder charge：Snubber, reliever blasthole in be packed into ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture, using continuous coupled charge constitution；In periphery hole
Water gel is packed into in the blasthole of bottom plate eye, using continuous decoupling charge structure；
3) detonation is excavated：The non-electric ms detonator of explosive is linked to be blasting network, and be connected to outside hole, detonation is excavated.
2. the molding construction method of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
In step 1), centre bore is stomata；Several snubbers are uniformly distributed along innermost circle contour in snubber group；Reliever
Three row altogether, first row reliever group, second row reliever group and third row reliever in several relievers respectively along second
It is uniformly distributed on layer circumference, third layer circumference and the 4th layer of circumference；Periphery hole in periphery hole group is justified along outermost layer
It is uniformly distributed on camber line, 285 degree of the central angle corresponding to circular arc；Bottom plate eye is uniformly distributed on the baseline along outermost layer circular arc.
3. the molding construction method of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
In step 2), ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture is by industrial ammonium nitrate and fuel oil according to mass ratio 5:1 ratio mixed preparing forms.
4. the molding construction method of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
In step 2), the not coefficient of coup of the continuous Uncoincided charge of water gel is 1.68~2.0.
5. the molding construction method of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting according to any one of claims 1-4, special
Sign is, snubber single hole explosive payload is 1.5kg~1.75kg, and first row reliever single hole explosive payload is 1~1.25kg, second
It is 0.75~1kg to arrange reliever single hole explosive payload, and third row's reliever single hole explosive payload is 0.75~1kg, and periphery hole single hole fills
Dose is 0.5~0.75kg, and bottom plate eye single hole explosive payload is 1.5~1.75kg.
6. the molding construction method of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
Tunnel explosion order is followed successively by：Snubber, first row reliever, second row reliever, third row reliever, periphery hole and bottom plate
Eye.
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| CN201711467883.7A CN108180798A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | The molding construction method of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting |
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| CN201711467883.7A CN108180798A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | The molding construction method of water-conveyance tunnel full face blasting |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109630132A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-04-16 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Round jacked piles with small section outline excavation controls construction method |
| CN112254596A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 中国水利水电第六工程局有限公司 | Underwater rock plug blasting method with pilot tunnel |
| CN112432566A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-03-02 | 中铁四局集团第五工程有限公司 | Full-section rapid excavation method for large-section tunnel |
| CN112729029A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 伽师县铜辉矿业有限责任公司 | Smooth blasting method for soft rock roadway |
| CN115468463A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-12-13 | 西南交通大学 | Blasting construction method for controlling overbreak and underexcavation |
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| CN103175451A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-26 | 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 | Construction method of tunnel shock relieve hole controlling blasting |
| CN105157491A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-16 | 杨龙龙 | Blasting method for forming dome through tunnel large section |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109630132A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-04-16 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Round jacked piles with small section outline excavation controls construction method |
| CN112432566A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-03-02 | 中铁四局集团第五工程有限公司 | Full-section rapid excavation method for large-section tunnel |
| CN112254596A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 中国水利水电第六工程局有限公司 | Underwater rock plug blasting method with pilot tunnel |
| CN112729029A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 伽师县铜辉矿业有限责任公司 | Smooth blasting method for soft rock roadway |
| CN115468463A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-12-13 | 西南交通大学 | Blasting construction method for controlling overbreak and underexcavation |
| CN115468463B (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2023-06-20 | 西南交通大学 | Blasting construction method for controlling super-undermining |
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Application publication date: 20180619 |