CN108161470A - Laser cutting and numerical controlled carving all-in-one machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cutting and numerical control engraving integrated machine, which includes a base plate and a workbench arranged on the base plate. The workbench can move in the X-axis and Y-axis directions on the base plate. Spindle motor and three-jaw chuck; a Z-axis support plate is provided at the upper center of the base plate, and the Z-axis support plate is connected to a working plate through four cylindrical guide rails. There is a Z-axis ball screw, and a laser nozzle and a flat mirror are arranged on the working plate. The engraving and cutting machine is compact in structure, small in size, easy to carry and carry, and easy to demonstrate in teaching. Students can directly and truly watch the structure and operation process of the laser engraving and cutting machine, which can not only increase students' enthusiasm for learning, but also help increase their practical ability. . In addition, the engraving and cutting machine has good processing quality, is easy to use, and has low manufacturing cost, which can effectively reduce the teaching funds of schools, and is suitable for purchase by various colleges and universities.

Description

Laser cutting and CNC engraving machine

technical field

The invention relates to a laser engraving and cutting machine, in particular to an integrated machine of laser cutting and numerical control engraving.

Background technique

With the development of science and technology, laser engraving and cutting is becoming more and more mature, and it is widely used in aerospace equipment, shipbuilding, instrumentation, electromechanical products, automobile manufacturing and other industries. Laser engraving is a laser processing process in which a high-energy laser beam is projected onto the surface of a material, and the thermal effect generated by the laser is used to produce a clear pattern on the surface of the material. It is one of the laser processing methods. Laser engraving processing is generally divided into the following two types according to the processing effect: 1. Laser engraving line processing, which uses laser beams to produce clear line effects on the surface of materials; 2. Laser cutting processing, which uses laser beams to cast laser beams on the surface of objects for cutting , Carving, making exquisite handicrafts and paper gifts are more.

At present, in order for students to better grasp the structure and principles of machine tools, schools generally purchase machine tools to assist teaching. However, the laser engraving and cutting machines on the existing market are not only bulky, but also expensive. On the one hand, due to the bulky machine tools, it is difficult to carry and carry, so it is not convenient for physical display in teaching, and students cannot directly and truly watch laser engraving. The structure and operation process of the cutting machine not only affects the teaching effect of teachers, but also reduces the enthusiasm of students to learn; on the other hand, due to the high price, it increases the school's teaching funds.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a laser cutting and CNC engraving integrated machine. The engraving and cutting machine is compact in structure, small in size, easy to carry and carry, and easy to demonstrate in teaching. Students can intuitively and clearly watch laser engraving and cutting. The structure and operation process of the machine can not only increase the enthusiasm of students to learn, but also help to increase the practical ability. In addition, this engraving and cutting machine engraves and cuts with high precision, has good processing quality, is easy to use, and has low manufacturing cost, which can effectively reduce the teaching funds of schools, and is suitable for purchase by various colleges and universities.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes:

Laser cutting and CNC engraving integrated machine, including a base plate; an X-axis support is provided on the base plate, an X-axis ball screw is provided on the X-axis support, and the end of the X-axis ball screw is fixed to a It is connected to the X-axis motor on the base plate, and both sides of the X-axis ball screw are equipped with X-axis guide rails fixed on the base plate; the X-axis ball screw is connected with one that can slide linearly along the two X-axis guide rails If the Y-axis support plate is provided, the Y-axis support plate is arranged perpendicular to the base plate, and a Y-axis support is provided at the center of the end of the Y-axis support plate, and a Y-axis ball screw is provided on the Y-axis support. , the end of the Y-axis ball screw is connected to the Y-axis motor, and both sides of the Y-axis ball screw are provided with Y-axis guide rails fixed on the Y-axis support plate; Cooperate with a support platform that can slide linearly along the two Y-axis guide rails. A workbench is provided on the support platform. A spindle motor and a three-jaw chuck for fixing workpieces are provided on the workbench. The spindle motor The three-jaw chuck is driven to rotate by the synchronous belt located at the bottom of the workbench; four uprights are arranged symmetrically on the base plate, and a connecting plate is arranged between the tops of the opposite two uprights, and the two connecting plates intersect and penetrate each other. There is a Z-axis support plate at the center of the upper part. The Z-axis support plate is provided with four cylindrical guide rails that pass through the two connecting plates and continue to extend downward. The bottom ends of the four cylindrical guide rails are connected to a working plate. A Z-axis ball screw is provided between the working plate and the Z-axis support plate, and the Z-axis ball screw runs through the center of the two connecting plates, and a Z-axis motor fixed on the Z-axis support plate is provided at its end , the working board is provided with a laser nozzle and a plane mirror, and the plane mirror can reflect the laser light emitted by the laser emitter on one side of the substrate to the laser nozzle; the X-axis motor, Y-axis motor, Z-axis motor, The spindle motors are all set as stepping motors or servo motors.

As an optimal technical solution, in order to make the engraving and cutting teaching machine capable of laser processing and numerical control processing, and realize multiple processing methods, it is also beneficial for students to master and compare the advantages and disadvantages of mechanical processing and laser processing, and further deepen understanding and improve practice. capacity, the working plate is provided with a milling chuck.

As an optimal technical solution, in order to ensure the accurate displacement of the workbench and the laser nozzle, it is beneficial to improve the precision of engraving and cutting, improve the processing effect, and effectively control the manufacturing cost of the engraving and cutting machine, the X-axis motor, Y-axis motor, Z Both the shaft motor and the spindle motor are set as stepper motors.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects:

1. The engraving and cutting machine is compact in structure, small in size, easy to carry and carry, and easy to demonstrate in teaching. Students can intuitively and truly watch the structure and operation process of the laser engraving and cutting machine, which can not only increase students' enthusiasm for learning, but also help increase their learning enthusiasm. Practical ability. In addition, this engraving and cutting machine engraves and cuts with high precision, has good processing quality, is easy to use, and has low manufacturing cost, which can effectively reduce the teaching funds of schools, and is suitable for purchase by various colleges and universities.

2. There is a milling cutter chuck on the working board, so that the engraving and cutting teaching machine can be used for laser processing and numerical control processing, realizing various processing methods, and it is also beneficial for students to master and compare the advantages and disadvantages of mechanical processing and laser processing. Further deepen understanding and improve practical ability.

3. The motors are all set as stepping motors to ensure accurate displacement of the workbench and laser nozzles, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of engraving and cutting, improving the processing effect, and effectively controlling the manufacturing cost of the engraving and cutting machine.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the present invention;

Reference numerals: 1. Base plate, 2. X-axis support, 3. X-axis ball screw, 4. X-axis motor, 5. X-axis guide rail, 6. Y-axis support plate, 7. Y-axis support, 8 , Y-axis ball screw, 9, Y-axis motor, 10, Y-axis guide rail, 11, support table, 12, workbench, 13, spindle motor, 14, three-jaw chuck, 15, timing belt, 16, column, 17. Connection plate, 18. Z-axis support plate, 19. Cylindrical guide rail, 20. Working plate, 21. Z-axis ball screw, 22. Z-axis motor, 23. Laser nozzle, 24. Laser emitter, 25. Milling Tool holder.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, a specific embodiment of the present invention is proposed, a laser cutting and CNC engraving integrated machine, including a rectangular substrate 1; a square X-axis support 2 is provided on the substrate 1, and this implementation is set A round hole is provided on the X-axis support 2, and an X-axis ball screw 3 arranged along the length direction of the base plate 1 is sleeved in the hole, and the end of the X-axis ball screw 3 is fixed to a The X-axis motor 4 on the base plate 1 is connected, and both sides of the X-axis ball screw 3 are provided with X-axis guide rails 5 fixed on the base plate 1; The Y-axis support plate 6 that slides linearly on the X-axis guide rail 5, the Y-axis support plate 6 is provided in a rectangular shape in this implementation, and the Y-axis support plate 6 is vertically arranged with the base plate 1, and the X-axis motor 4 passes the X-axis ball wire The bar 3 enables the Y-axis support plate 6 to move in the X-axis direction, and the center of the end of the Y-axis support plate 6 is provided with a square Y-axis support 7, and the Y-axis support 7 is provided with a The Y-axis ball screw 8 arranged along the length direction of the Y-axis support plate 6, the end of the Y-axis ball screw 8 is connected to the Y-axis motor 9, and both sides of the Y-axis ball screw 8 are provided with fixed For the Y-axis guide rail 10 on the Y-axis support plate 6, the two Y-axis guide rails 10 are preferably integrally formed with the Y-axis support plate 6; The sliding support table 11, the Y-axis motor 9 makes the support table 11 realize the movement in the Y-axis direction through the Y-axis ball screw 8, and the support table 11 is provided with a workbench 12 through a connecting piece, and the workbench 12 There is a spindle motor 13 and a three-jaw chuck 14 for fixing workpieces, the spindle motor 13 drives the three-jaw chuck 14 to rotate through the synchronous belt 15 at the bottom of the worktable 12; the base plate 1 is symmetrically arranged Four uprights 16, the present embodiment sets uprights 16 to be tetrahedron shape, is provided with a connecting plate 17 that is elongated between the tops of relative two uprights 16, two connecting plates 17 interlaced through each other, the top of two connecting plates 17 A square Z-axis support plate 18 is provided at the center, and four cylindrical guide rails 19 that extend downward through the two connecting plates 17 are arranged on the Z-axis support plate 18. The bottom ends of the four cylindrical guide rails 19 All are connected on a square working plate 20, a Z-axis ball screw 21 is arranged between the working plate 20 and the Z-axis support plate 18, and the Z-axis ball screw 21 runs through the center of the two connecting plates 17 , and its end is provided with a Z-axis motor 22 fixed on the Z-axis support plate 18, then the Z-axis motor 22 makes the working plate 20 realize the movement in the Z-axis direction through the Z-axis ball screw 21, and the working plate 20 A laser spray head 23 and a plane mirror are arranged on it, and the plane mirror comprises three plane mirrors connected in sequence, the first two pieces form an angle of 90° with each other, and the third piece is arranged at the bottom end of the vertical plane mirror with an inclination of 45°. The flat mirror can reflect the laser light emitted by the laser emitter 24 on one side of the substrate 1 onto the laser nozzle 23; the X-axis motor 4, the Y-axis motor 9, the Z-axis motor 22, and the spindle motor 13 are all set as stepping motors or servo motor.

The work plate 20 is provided with a milling chuck 25, so that the engraving and cutting teaching machine can be processed by laser or mechanically, so that various processing methods can be realized, and it is also beneficial for students to master and compare the advantages of mechanical processing and laser processing. Shortcomings, further deepen understanding and improve practical ability.

The X-axis motor 4, the Y-axis motor 9, the Z-axis motor 22, and the spindle motor 13 are all set as stepper motors to ensure accurate displacement of the workbench and the laser nozzle, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of engraving and cutting and improving the processing effect. Effectively control the manufacturing cost of the engraving and cutting machine.

When the present invention is used: the workpiece to be processed is placed on the three-jaw chuck 14, the X-axis motor 4 makes the Y-axis support plate 6 move in the X-axis direction through the X-axis ball screw 3, and the Y-axis motor 9 passes The Y-axis ball screw 8 enables the support table 11 to move in the Y-axis direction, and then the worktable 12 moves in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, and the Z-axis motor 22 makes the working plate 20 realize the movement through the Z-axis ball screw 21. Moving in the Z-axis direction, the Z-axis movement of the laser nozzle 23 and the milling chuck 25 on the working plate 20, while the spindle motor 13 drives the workpiece on the three-jaw chuck 14 to rotate, thereby realizing the three-dimensional adjustment of the workpiece. Processing; when using laser engraving and cutting, start the laser emitter 24, and the plane mirror will collect the laser emission onto the laser nozzle 23 to realize laser processing of the workpiece; if it is mechanical engraving and cutting, select a suitable milling cutter according to the material of the workpiece to be placed On the milling cutter chuck 25, the three-axis motion realizes the machining of the milling cutter to the processing price. This engraving and cutting machine is mainly used in teaching, so the power of the laser emitter 24 is low. During laser processing, the processed parts of acrylic plate materials can be engraved and cut, and the processed parts of metal materials can only be engraved.

Of course, the above is only a detailed description of the preferred specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes made according to the principle, structure and structure of the present invention should be covered by this within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. laser cutting and numerical controlled carving all-in-one machine, it is characterised in that：Including substrate (1)；The substrate (1) is equipped with an X-axis Bearing (2), the X-axis bearing (2) are equipped with an X-axis ball-screw (3), and the end of the X-axis ball-screw (3) is fixed with one In X-axis motor (4) connection on substrate (1), the both sides of the X-axis ball-screw (3) are equipped with the X being fixed on substrate (1) Axis rail (5)；Mating connection one can be along the Y-axis support plate of two X-axis guide rails (5) linear slide on the X-axis ball-screw (3) (6), a Y-axis bearing (7) is equipped at the end center of the Y-axis support plate (6), the Y-axis bearing (7) is rolled equipped with a Y-axis Ballscrew (8), the end of the Y-axis ball-screw (8) are connect with y-axis motor (9), and the both sides of the Y-axis ball-screw (8) are equal Equipped with the Y-axis guide rail (10) being fixed in Y-axis support plate (6)；Mating connection one can be along two Y-axis on the Y-axis ball-screw (8) The supporting table (11) of guide rail (10) linear slide, the supporting table (11) are equipped with a workbench (12), the workbench (12) It is equipped with a spindle motor (13) and for fixing the scroll chuck of workpiece (14), the spindle motor (13) is by being located at work Synchronous belt (15) the driving scroll chuck (14) for making platform (12) bottom end rotates；Four columns are arranged on the substrate (1) (16), it is equipped with a connecting plate (17) between the top of column (16) two-by-two relatively, two connecting plates (17) are interlaced to be run through, and two connect A Z axis support plate (18) is equipped at the upper center of fishplate bar (17), the Z axis support plate (18) is equipped with four through two connections Plate (17) afterwards, continue the cylindrical guide extended downwardly (19), the bottom end of four cylindrical guides (19) is both connected to a working plate (20) on, a Z axis ball-screw (21), the Z axis ball-screw are equipped between the working plate (20) and Z axis support plate (18) (21) a Z axis motor (22) being fixed in Z axis support plate (18) is equipped with through the center of two connecting plates (17) and its end, The working plate (20) is equipped with a laser printhead (23) and a plane mirror, and the plane mirror can will be located at substrate (1) side On the laser reflection to laser printhead (23) of laser emitter (24) transmitting；The X-axis motor (4), y-axis motor (9), Z axis electricity Machine (22), spindle motor (13) are disposed as stepper motor or servo motor.

2. laser cutting according to claim 1 and numerical controlled carving all-in-one machine, it is characterised in that：On the working plate (20) Equipped with a cutter chuck (25).

3. laser cutting according to claim 1 or 2 and numerical controlled carving all-in-one machine, it is characterised in that：The X-axis motor (4), y-axis motor (9), Z axis motor (22), spindle motor (13) are disposed as stepper motor.