CN108147856A - A kind of innoxious biochemical treatment fertilizer producing equipment of stalk - Google Patents
A kind of innoxious biochemical treatment fertilizer producing equipment of stalk Download PDFInfo
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- CN108147856A CN108147856A CN201810027147.8A CN201810027147A CN108147856A CN 108147856 A CN108147856 A CN 108147856A CN 201810027147 A CN201810027147 A CN 201810027147A CN 108147856 A CN108147856 A CN 108147856A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
- B01D50/60—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D46/00 and B01D47/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种秸秆无害化生化处理制肥装置，包括支架、粉碎机组、搅拌机组、发酵机组以及物料传送组，支架的上表面从左至右依次分别设置有粉碎机组、搅拌机组以及发酵机组，所述相邻机组之间由螺旋式物料提升筒连接。本发明提供的一种秸秆无害化生化处理制肥装置的有机肥存储罐包括平开式操作窗，可以通过操作窗直观的观察设备即时运行状态，如遇故障有自动报警显示，并进行简洁的一键控制功能，简化了操作。
The invention relates to a fertilizer making device for harmless biochemical treatment of straw, which comprises a bracket, a pulverizing unit, a mixing unit, a fermentation unit and a material conveying unit. The upper surface of the bracket is respectively provided with a pulverizing unit, a mixing unit and a fermentation The adjacent units are connected by a spiral material lifting cylinder. The organic fertilizer storage tank of a straw harmless biochemical treatment and fertilizer making device provided by the present invention includes a flat-opening operation window, through which the real-time operation status of the equipment can be observed intuitively. In case of failure, there is an automatic alarm display, and simple The one-button control function simplifies the operation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种将秸秆为原料，具体将秸秆无害化资源化处理制备有机肥的一体化设备。The invention relates to an integrated equipment for preparing organic fertilizer by using straw as a raw material, specifically treating the straw as a harmless resource.
背景技术Background technique
长期以来，农村有机废弃物缺乏有效的就地处置的办法，造成脏乱差现象。目前，农村正在推行“户分类、村收集、镇转运、县处理”的处理模式，但是，针对我国目前农村的区域分布现实，该模式实施起来难度较大：一是秸秆转运成本高、周期长、县域范围大、农村分散以及多数地区的农村距离县城距离较远；二是农村秸秆的处理，都进行离村转运，造成资源浪费；三是加大县级处理厂运转负荷和难度；四是该处理模式实质上是农村污染转移和扩散过程。目前，我国各县的秸秆处理能力有限，资金投入不足，将全县所有乡镇的秸秆都进行集中处理，极大增加了秸秆处理的运转负荷，超出了处理能力，增加了处理难度，无论在处理能力和成本上来看，均不现实。秸秆收集、运走，在运输途中存在遗撒现象，导致污染范围扩大，同时也是将污染风险、治理成本进行转嫁，不符合“谁污染、谁治理”的基本理念。For a long time, there has been a lack of effective on-site disposal methods for organic waste in rural areas, resulting in a messy situation. At present, the rural areas are implementing a processing model of "household classification, village collection, township transfer, and county processing". However, in view of the current regional distribution of rural areas in my country, it is difficult to implement this model: First, the cost of straw transfer is high and the cycle is long 1. The county area is large, the rural areas are scattered, and the rural areas in most areas are far away from the county seat; the second is that the treatment of rural straw is carried out from the village, resulting in waste of resources; the third is to increase the operating load and difficulty of county-level treatment plants; the fourth is This treatment mode is essentially a process of rural pollution transfer and diffusion. At present, the straw processing capacity of counties in my country is limited, and the capital investment is insufficient. Centralized processing of straw in all townships and towns in the county greatly increases the operation load of straw processing, exceeds the processing capacity, and increases the difficulty of processing. In terms of capacity and cost, it is unrealistic. Straw is collected and transported away, and there are scattered phenomena during transportation, which leads to the expansion of the scope of pollution. At the same time, it also transfers pollution risks and treatment costs, which does not conform to the basic concept of "who pollutes, who controls".
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种实现秸秆就地处理、就地回用、变废为宝的装置。同时本发明将秸秆转变为碳氮比平衡的高效有机肥，将农村废弃物消纳于村内，避免了污染转移和扩散，符合科技创新的发展要求。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for realizing on-site treatment of straw, on-site recycling, and turning waste into treasure. At the same time, the invention transforms the straw into a high-efficiency organic fertilizer with a balanced carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, absorbs rural waste in the village, avoids pollution transfer and diffusion, and meets the development requirements of scientific and technological innovation.
本发明采取的技术方案是：The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
一种秸秆无害化生化处理制肥装置，包括支架、粉碎机组、搅拌机组、发酵机组以及物料传送组，支架的上表面从左至右依次分别设置有粉碎机组、搅拌机组以及发酵机组，所述相邻机组之间由螺旋式物料提升筒连接；A fertilizer making device for harmless biochemical treatment of straw, including a bracket, a pulverizing unit, a mixing unit, a fermentation unit, and a material conveying unit. The above-mentioned adjacent units are connected by a spiral material lifting cylinder;
所述粉碎机组包括：粉碎机箱体、粉碎物料箱体、风机、螺旋脱水机以及筛网布出料筒，粉碎机箱体安装在支架的左侧上表面，粉碎机箱体内设置破碎刀片，粉碎机下部安装粉碎物料箱体，粉碎物料箱体内安装螺旋脱水机，螺旋脱水机上部制有出料口，粉碎机箱体外壳一侧安装有出料风机，该风机上端接通设置有筛网布出料筒，筛网布出料筒的另一端插入粉粹箱体上部，对应螺旋式物料提升筒的螺旋的输送起始端，风机进料口对应螺旋脱水机上部的出料口，将粉碎后的物料传递到螺旋式物料提升筒内；The crushing unit includes: a pulverizer box, a pulverized material box, a fan, a screw dehydrator, and a screen cloth discharge cylinder. The pulverizer box is installed on the left upper surface of the bracket. Install the pulverized material box, install a screw dehydrator in the pulverized material box, the upper part of the screw dehydrator is equipped with a discharge port, and a discharge fan is installed on the side of the pulverizer box shell, and the upper end of the fan is connected to a screen cloth discharge cylinder , the other end of the screen cloth discharge cylinder is inserted into the upper part of the pulverization box, corresponding to the conveying start end of the screw of the spiral material lifting cylinder, and the fan feed port corresponds to the discharge port of the upper part of the screw dehydrator, and the crushed material is delivered into the spiral material lifting drum;
所述搅拌机组包括上端敞口式搅拌箱、搅拌储藏箱、加湿喷淋管道、搅拌杆、回旋重复搅拌器以及空气压缩机一，所述搅拌储藏箱安装在粉碎机箱体右侧的支架上，且搅拌储藏箱箱体与粉碎箱箱体高度相同，在搅拌储藏箱箱体上表面安装一搅拌箱，该搅拌箱的顶部安装有一加湿喷淋管道，搅拌箱内中部水平铰装搅拌杆，搅拌杆外缘同轴螺旋安装回旋重复搅拌器，搅拌箱外壁上安装搅拌电机，搅拌箱外壁安装有一空气压缩机，该空气压缩机出气口连接搅拌箱内，在搅拌箱的另一侧制有一排气口；在搅拌储藏箱一侧制有出料口，出料口对应安装另一螺旋式物料提升筒，螺旋式物料提升筒上端的出料口对应有机肥存储罐上部的进料口；The mixing unit includes an upper-end open type mixing box, a mixing storage box, a humidification spray pipeline, a stirring rod, a revolving and repeating mixer and an air compressor. The mixing storage box is installed on the right side of the pulverizer box. And the height of the mixing storage box is the same as that of the crushing box. A mixing box is installed on the upper surface of the mixing storage box. A humidification spray pipe is installed on the top of the mixing box. The outer edge of the rod is coaxially screwed with a revolving and repeating agitator, and the stirring motor is installed on the outer wall of the mixing box. An air compressor is installed on the outer wall of the mixing box. The air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the inside of the mixing box, and a row of Air port; a discharge port is formed on one side of the mixing storage box, and another spiral material lifting cylinder is installed corresponding to the discharge port, and the discharge port at the upper end of the spiral material lifting cylinder corresponds to the feed inlet at the upper part of the organic fertilizer storage tank;
所述发酵机组包括空气压缩机二、电控箱、平开式操作窗、排气窗、有机肥存储罐、进气管，螺旋出料器以及有机肥出料口，所述有机肥存储罐安装在支架右侧，有机肥储存罐的顶中部制有一发酵进料口，有机肥储藏罐侧壁中部安装电控箱和操作窗，在操作窗右上侧的有机肥储藏罐侧壁上安装有高效过滤器(除臭) 的开排气窗，在有机肥储藏罐左侧的支架上安装有一空气压缩机二，该空气压缩机二连接有机肥储藏罐内竖直平行设置的多个进气管，在每个进气管上均布间隔制有进气管排气口；有机肥储藏罐内底部安装有一螺旋出料器，侧壁安装出料口。The fermentation unit includes an air compressor two, an electric control box, a side-opening operation window, an exhaust window, an organic fertilizer storage tank, an air intake pipe, a screw discharger and an organic fertilizer discharge port, and the organic fertilizer storage tank is installed On the right side of the bracket, a fermentation feed inlet is made in the top middle of the organic fertilizer storage tank, an electric control box and an operation window are installed in the middle of the side wall of the organic fertilizer storage tank, and a high-efficiency The exhaust window of the filter (deodorization) is installed with an air compressor two on the bracket on the left side of the organic fertilizer storage tank. Each air intake pipe is evenly distributed with an air intake pipe exhaust port at intervals; a screw discharger is installed at the bottom of the organic fertilizer storage tank, and a discharge port is installed on the side wall.
而且，还包括农业机械臂，农业机械臂安装在支架上表面，农业机械臂上端安装螺旋式物料提升筒。Moreover, it also includes an agricultural mechanical arm, the agricultural mechanical arm is installed on the upper surface of the bracket, and the upper end of the agricultural mechanical arm is equipped with a spiral material lifting cylinder.
而且，在发酵进料口右侧的有机肥储藏罐的顶部分别设置有湿度检测表、温度检测表和pH值检测表。Moreover, the top of the organic fertilizer storage tank on the right side of the fermentation feed inlet is respectively provided with a humidity detection meter, a temperature detection meter and a pH value detection meter.
而且，在粉碎机箱体内部设置有螺旋脱水机。Moreover, a screw dehydrator is provided inside the shredder casing.
而且，搅拌箱外部设置保温层。Moreover, an insulation layer is arranged outside the mixing box.
而且，在支架底部安装多个脚轮。Also, a plurality of casters are installed at the bottom of the stand.
本发明的优点和积极效果:Advantage of the present invention and positive effect:
1、本发明提供的一种秸秆无害化生化处理制肥装置的秸秆粉碎机组，可直接利用以成捆的秸秆，而不必将秸秆压缩成压块再进行粉碎，降低了秸秆的预压缩加工成本。1. The straw crushing unit of a straw harmless biochemical treatment and fertilizer making device provided by the present invention can directly use the bundled straw without compressing the straw into briquettes and then crushing, which reduces the pre-compression processing of the straw cost.
2、本发明提供的一种秸秆无害化生化处理制肥装置采用水切割式烟气净化组合罐，烟气首先进入到烟尘滤布下方的水内，烟气穿过烟尘滤布上升时被烟尘滤布切割成微小气泡后与水充分接触，在水内得到充分净化，经多个净化空间净化后烟气中的粉尘、焦油及溶于水的有害气体被过滤和阻隔至水中，经净化罐单向阀排出气体，本发明可实现以成捆的秸秆为燃料,产生的烟气可得到连续的净化。2. A straw harmless biochemical treatment and fertilizer making device provided by the present invention adopts a water-cutting flue gas purification combination tank. The flue gas first enters the water below the soot filter cloth, and the flue gas is absorbed when it passes through the soot filter cloth and rises. The smoke and dust filter cloth is cut into tiny bubbles and fully contacts with water, and is fully purified in the water. After being purified in multiple purification spaces, the dust, tar and harmful gases dissolved in water in the smoke are filtered and blocked into the water, and purified. The one-way valve of the tank discharges gas, and the invention can realize the use of bundled straw as fuel, and the generated flue gas can be continuously purified.
3、本发明提供的一种秸秆无害化生化处理制肥装置的搅拌系统利用回旋式重复搅拌器，搅拌力度幅度增加，同时结合加湿喷淋管道，让粉碎的秸秆与特定生物菌充分混合，利用最佳菌种配比充分降解内置物质，中外加保温层，大大提高降解效率。3. The stirring system of a straw harmless biochemical treatment and fertilizer making device provided by the present invention uses a rotary repeating stirrer, and the stirring force range is increased. At the same time, combined with a humidification and spraying pipeline, the crushed straw is fully mixed with specific biological bacteria, The built-in material is fully degraded by using the best bacteria ratio, and the insulation layer is added to the middle and outside, which greatly improves the degradation efficiency.
4、本发明提供的一种秸秆无害化生化处理制肥装置的有机肥存储罐包括平开式操作窗，可以通过操作窗直观的观察设备即时运行状态，如遇故障有自动报警显示，并进行简洁的一键控制功能，简化了操作。4. The organic fertilizer storage tank of a straw harmless biochemical treatment and fertilizer making device provided by the present invention includes a flat-opening operation window, through which the real-time operation status of the equipment can be intuitively observed. In case of failure, there will be an automatic alarm display, and Simple one-button control function simplifies operation.
5、本发明提供的一种秸秆无害化生化处理制肥装置的有机肥存储罐中设计了三层进气管并且侧边开口，可以间隔曝气进行好氧发酵，大大的了提高有机肥发酵效率。5. The organic fertilizer storage tank of a straw harmless biochemical treatment and fertilizer making device provided by the present invention is designed with three layers of air intake pipes and side openings, which can be aerated at intervals for aerobic fermentation, which greatly improves the fermentation of organic fertilizers. efficiency.
6、本发明提供的一种秸秆无害化生化处理制肥装置的有机肥发酵罐中添加实时监测湿度、温度、pH的装置，确保了发酵过程达到最佳条件。6. A device for real-time monitoring of humidity, temperature, and pH is added to the organic fertilizer fermentation tank of a straw harmless biochemical treatment and fertilizer making device provided by the present invention, so as to ensure that the fermentation process reaches the best conditions.
7、本发明提供的一种秸秆无害化生化处理制肥装置的有机肥存储罐内气体成分复杂、气量大，通过除臭除湿过滤，再通过三层活性碳层，进行无害化处理，从而达到气体排放要求的功能。7. The organic fertilizer storage tank of a straw harmless biochemical treatment and fertilizer making device provided by the present invention has complex gas components and a large gas volume. It is filtered through deodorization and dehumidification, and then passed through three layers of activated carbon layers for harmless treatment. So as to achieve the function of gas emission requirements.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2为粉碎机的结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pulverizer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下，所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
一种秸秆无害化生化处理制肥装置(一种高效便捷无污染秸秆制肥一体化装置)，包括支架24、脚轮25、粉碎机组、搅拌机组、发酵机组以及物料传送组，本装置为不锈钢材质，支架的上表面从左至右依次分别设置有粉碎机组、搅拌机组以及发酵机组，所述相邻机组之间由物料传送组连接，物料传送组包括物料传送组一和物料传送组二，物料传送组一连接粉碎机组和搅拌机组，物料传送组二连接搅拌机组和发酵机组，为了方便移动本装置，在支架的底部四角安装有脚轮。粉碎机组将成捆的秸秆类物料粉碎、脱水，通过物料传送组一将粉碎、脱水后的秸秆类物料传送到搅拌机组，搅拌机组将其均匀搅拌，然后通过物料传送组二将搅拌均匀的秸秆类物料传送到发酵机组进行发酵，发酵机组无污染发酵制出有机化肥回用于农田。上述机组以及组件具体结构和功能说明如下：A straw harmless biochemical treatment fertilizer making device (an efficient, convenient and pollution-free straw fertilizer making integrated device), including a bracket 24, casters 25, a crushing unit, a mixing unit, a fermentation unit and a material conveying unit. The device is made of stainless steel Material, the upper surface of the bracket is respectively provided with a crushing unit, a mixing unit and a fermentation unit from left to right, and the adjacent units are connected by a material transmission group, and the material transmission group includes a material transmission group 1 and a material transmission group 2, The material conveying group 1 is connected with the crushing unit and the mixing unit, and the material conveying group 2 is connected with the mixing unit and the fermentation unit. In order to facilitate the movement of the device, casters are installed at the bottom four corners of the bracket. The crushing unit crushes and dehydrates the bundled straw materials. The crushed and dehydrated straw materials are sent to the mixing unit through the material conveying group 1. The materials are sent to the fermentation unit for fermentation, and the fermentation unit produces organic fertilizers through non-polluting fermentation for reuse in farmland. The specific structure and functions of the above units and components are described as follows:
所述粉碎机组包括：粉碎机箱体1、粉碎物料箱体30、风机3、螺旋脱水机 29以及筛网布出料筒2，粉碎机箱体安装在支架的左侧上表面，粉碎机箱体内设置破碎刀片(作为现有技术，附图没有示出)，粉碎机下部安装粉碎物料箱体，粉碎物料箱体内安装螺旋脱水机，螺旋脱水机上部制有出料口，粉碎机箱体外壳一侧安装有出料风机，该风机上端接通设置有筛网布出料筒，筛网布出料筒的另一端插入粉粹箱体上部，对应螺旋式物料提升筒的螺旋的输送起始端，风机进料口对应螺旋脱水机上部的出料口，将粉碎后的物料传递到螺旋式物料提升筒内。螺旋式物料提升筒上端制有出料管，出料管对应搅拌箱上端的敞口，将物料传送至搅拌机组的搅拌箱内。The pulverizer unit includes: a pulverizer box 1, a pulverized material box 30, a blower fan 3, a screw dehydrator 29, and a screen cloth discharge cylinder 2. Blade (as the prior art, accompanying drawing does not show), and pulverizer bottom installs pulverized material casing, and screw dehydrator is installed in pulverized material casing, and the top of spiral dehydrator is shaped on discharge port, and pulverizer casing shell side is installed with Discharge fan, the upper end of the fan is connected with a screen cloth discharge cylinder, the other end of the screen cloth discharge cylinder is inserted into the upper part of the crushing box, corresponding to the starting end of the screw conveying of the spiral material lifting cylinder, the fan feeds The port corresponds to the discharge port on the upper part of the screw dehydrator, and the crushed material is transferred to the spiral material lifting cylinder. A discharge pipe is formed on the upper end of the spiral material lifting cylinder, and the discharge pipe corresponds to the opening of the upper end of the mixing box, and conveys the material to the mixing box of the mixing unit.
粉碎机箱体内部设置有螺旋脱水机，所述粉碎机利用剪切式破碎原理对物料进行快速粉碎，二十公斤秸秆所装载物料一分钟完成破碎，采用螺旋压榨原理使物料脱出的水分甩在粉碎机箱体的侧壁上，实现了物料和废水有效分离；螺旋脱水机位于粉碎机下部，物料先经粉碎机粉碎，继而进入螺旋脱水机脱水，脱水后物料经筛网布出料筒进入螺旋式物料提升筒，物料脱水脱油率在30％以上，处理后颗粒在3-5目。螺旋脱水机29的位置以及与出料风机和粉碎机的结构关系，见示意图2.There is a screw dehydrator inside the pulverizer box. The pulverizer uses the principle of shear crushing to quickly pulverize the material. The material loaded with 20 kg of straw is crushed in one minute. On the side wall of the machine box, the material and waste water are effectively separated; the screw dehydrator is located at the lower part of the pulverizer, and the material is first pulverized by the pulverizer, and then enters the screw dehydrator for dehydration. Material lifting drum, the dehydration and deoiling rate of the material is above 30%, and the particle size after treatment is 3-5 mesh. The position of the spiral dehydrator 29 and the structural relationship with the discharge fan and the pulverizer are shown in schematic diagram 2.
所述搅拌机组包括上端敞口式搅拌箱10、搅拌储藏箱27、加湿喷淋管道7、搅拌杆9、回旋重复搅拌器8、空气压缩机一28以及搅拌箱外部保温层，所述搅拌储藏箱安装在粉碎机箱体右侧的支架上，且搅拌储藏箱箱体与粉碎箱箱体高度相同，在搅拌储藏箱箱体上表面安装一搅拌箱，该搅拌箱的顶部安装有一加湿喷淋管道，搅拌箱内中部水平铰装搅拌杆，搅拌杆外缘同轴螺旋安装回旋重复搅拌器，搅拌箱外壁上安装搅拌电机，搅拌电机有过载保护装置，搅拌杆由搅拌电机驱动，搅拌箱外壁安装有一空气压缩机，该空气压缩机出气口连接搅拌箱内，用于给搅拌箱内通入气体，使搅拌过程中的物料增加气体扰动力，进一步提高搅拌效率，为了使压强平衡，在搅拌箱的另一侧制有一排气口11。Described agitator assembly comprises upper end open type agitator box 10, agitation storage box 27, humidification spray pipeline 7, agitator rod 9, revolving and repeating agitator 8, air compressor-28 and agitation box external insulation layer, and the agitation storage The box is installed on the bracket on the right side of the pulverizer box, and the height of the mixing storage box is the same as that of the crushing box. A mixing box is installed on the upper surface of the mixing storage box, and a humidification spray pipe is installed on the top of the mixing box. , the stirring rod is horizontally hinged in the middle of the mixing box, and the outer edge of the stirring rod is coaxially screwed to install a revolving and repeating stirrer. The stirring motor is installed on the outer wall of the mixing box. The stirring motor has an overload protection device. The stirring rod is driven by the stirring motor. There is an air compressor, and the air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the mixing box, which is used to feed gas into the mixing box, so that the material in the mixing process can increase the gas disturbance force, and further improve the mixing efficiency. In order to balance the pressure, the mixing box The other side is shaped on an exhaust port 11.
搅拌箱外部可以包裹加热保温层。自然条件下的好氧发酵腐熟速率较慢且过于依赖外界环境，本搅拌箱在搅拌时通过加湿喷淋管道加入一定剂量菌剂，提高发酵速率，搅拌时通过加热保温层快速达到发酵温度。The outside of the mixing box can be wrapped with a heating insulation layer. Under natural conditions, the rate of aerobic fermentation is slow and depends too much on the external environment. When stirring, this mixing box adds a certain dose of bacterial agent through the humidification and spraying pipe to increase the fermentation rate. When stirring, it quickly reaches the fermentation temperature by heating the insulation layer.
所述发酵机组包括空气压缩机二26、电控箱13、平开式操作窗18、湿度检测表14、温度检测表15、pH值检测表16、排气窗17、高效过滤器、有机肥存储罐19、进气管20，进气管排气口21、螺旋出料器23以及有机肥出料口22，所述有机肥存储罐安装在支架右侧，有机肥储存罐的顶中部制有一发酵进料口，在发酵进料口右侧的有机肥储藏罐的顶部分别设置有湿度检测表、温度检测表和 pH值检测表，有机肥储藏罐侧壁中部安装电控箱和平开式操作窗，电控箱可以控制回旋重复搅拌器的搅拌速度以及搅拌方向；平开式操作窗能够直观的反映设备即时运行状态，如遇故障有自动报警显示，并进行简洁的一键控制功能；开机密码，锁屏密码，防止非工作人员操作机器设备，在平开式操作窗右上侧的有机肥储藏罐侧壁上设置一安装有高效过滤器(除臭)的开排气窗，再通过三层活性碳层，进行无害化处理，从而达到气体排放要求的功能。在有机肥储藏罐左侧的支架上安装有一空气压缩机二，该空气压缩机二连接有机肥储藏罐内竖直平行设置的多个进气管，在每个进气管上均布间隔制有进气管排气口；有机肥储藏罐内底部安装有一螺旋出料器，侧壁安装出料口，该螺旋出料器连接出料口，有机肥储藏罐通过螺旋出料器和有机肥出料口实现有机肥外运。The fermentation unit includes an air compressor 26, an electric control box 13, a side-opening operation window 18, a humidity detection meter 14, a temperature detection meter 15, a pH value detection meter 16, an exhaust window 17, a high-efficiency filter, and an organic fertilizer. Storage tank 19, air intake pipe 20, air intake pipe exhaust port 21, screw discharge device 23 and organic fertilizer discharge port 22, described organic fertilizer storage tank is installed on the right side of the support, and the top middle part of organic fertilizer storage tank is shaped on a fermenter. At the feed inlet, the top of the organic fertilizer storage tank on the right side of the fermentation feed inlet is equipped with a humidity detection meter, a temperature detection meter and a pH value detection meter respectively, and an electric control box and a flat open operation window are installed in the middle of the side wall of the organic fertilizer storage tank , the electric control box can control the stirring speed and stirring direction of the rotary repeating agitator; the flat-opening operation window can intuitively reflect the real-time operation status of the equipment, and there will be an automatic alarm display in case of failure, and simple one-key control function; power-on password , lock the screen password to prevent non-staff from operating machinery and equipment, set an exhaust window with a high-efficiency filter (deodorization) on the side wall of the organic fertilizer storage tank on the upper right side of the side-opening operation window, and then pass through the three-layer Activated carbon layer, for harmless treatment, so as to achieve the required function of gas emission. An air compressor two is installed on the bracket on the left side of the organic fertilizer storage tank, and the air compressor two connects a plurality of air intake pipes arranged vertically and parallel in the organic fertilizer storage tank. Tracheal exhaust port; a screw discharger is installed at the bottom of the organic fertilizer storage tank, and a discharge port is installed on the side wall. The screw discharger is connected to the discharge port, and the organic fertilizer storage tank passes through the screw discharger and the organic fertilizer discharge port. Realize the export of organic fertilizer.
所述物料传送组包括螺旋式物料提升筒5、农业机械臂12及电机6，物料传送组采用一键提升传送按钮，完成自动提升传送，无需任何其它人工辅助。本装置设置有物料传送组一和物料传送组二，所述物料传送组一的农业机械臂安装在筛网布出料筒右侧的粉碎机箱体上，该农业部机械臂上端安装一螺旋式物料提升筒，所述螺旋式物料提升筒的下部位于粉碎机箱体内，上部制有一出料管，输送轴上端端部同轴安装电机，所述农业机械臂支撑螺旋式物料提升筒，并且实现高度的可调，使得螺旋式物料提升筒上部侧壁一侧的出料管能够与搅拌箱顶部设置的搅拌进料口相连接，实现秸秆类物料经粉碎、脱水后由螺旋式物料提升筒提升至搅拌箱中。The material transmission group includes a spiral material lifting cylinder 5, an agricultural mechanical arm 12 and a motor 6. The material transmission group adopts a one-key lifting transmission button to complete automatic lifting and transmission without any other manual assistance. The device is provided with a material conveying group 1 and a material conveying group 2. The agricultural mechanical arm of the material conveying group 1 is installed on the pulverizer box on the right side of the screen cloth discharge cylinder. The material lifting cylinder, the lower part of the spiral material lifting cylinder is located in the pulverizer box, and a discharge pipe is formed on the upper part, and the motor is installed coaxially on the upper end of the conveying shaft. Adjustable, so that the discharge pipe on the side wall of the upper part of the spiral material lifting cylinder can be connected with the stirring inlet on the top of the mixing box, so that the straw materials can be lifted by the spiral material lifting cylinder to in the mixing tank.
所述物料传送组二的农业机械臂安装在搅拌机组右侧的支架上，该农业部机械臂上端安装一螺旋式物料提升筒，所述螺旋式物料提升筒的下部位于搅拌储藏箱内，上部设置出料管，输送轴上端端部同轴安装电机，所述农业机械臂支撑螺旋式物料提升筒，并且实现高度的可调，使得螺旋式物料提升筒上部侧壁一侧的出料管能够与有机肥存储罐顶端的发酵进料口相连接。The agricultural mechanical arm of the material conveying group 2 is installed on the bracket on the right side of the mixing unit. A spiral material lifting cylinder is installed on the upper end of the mechanical arm of the Ministry of Agriculture. The lower part of the spiral material lifting cylinder is located in the mixing storage box, and the upper part is The discharge pipe is set, the motor is coaxially installed at the upper end of the conveying shaft, the agricultural mechanical arm supports the spiral material lifting cylinder, and the height can be adjusted, so that the discharge pipe on the side wall of the upper part of the spiral material lifting cylinder can It is connected with the fermentation feed port on the top of the organic fertilizer storage tank.
本装置的操作过程：The operation process of this device:
工作人员将成捆的秸秆放入粉碎机，粉碎机利用剪切式破碎原理对物料进行快速粉碎，二十公斤秸秆所装载物料一分钟完成破碎，粉碎机箱体内的螺旋脱水机将被粉碎后的秸秆物料进行螺旋压榨式脱水，使得脱出的水分甩在粉碎机箱体的侧壁上，实现了物料和废水有效分离；物料脱水脱油率在30％以上，处理后颗粒在3-5目；The staff put the bales of straw into the pulverizer, and the pulverizer uses the principle of shear crushing to quickly pulverize the material. The material loaded with 20 kg of straw is crushed in one minute, and the screw dehydrator in the pulverizer box will be crushed. The material is dehydrated by screw press, so that the dehydrated water is thrown on the side wall of the pulverizer box, and the material and waste water are effectively separated; the dehydration and deoiling rate of the material is above 30%, and the treated particles are 3-5 mesh;
粉碎、脱水后的秸秆类物料经过出料阀门进入螺旋式物料提升筒，螺旋式物料提升筒顶部整合电机，农业机械臂支撑螺旋式物料提升筒调节高度，螺旋式物料提升筒提升至搅拌箱中，搅拌时通过在加湿喷淋管道加入一定剂量菌剂，提高发酵速率，通过加热保温层快速达到发酵温度，并且通过电控箱控制回旋重复搅拌器的搅拌速度，设置正转反转，实现秸秆类物料在搅拌箱中的均匀搅拌，然后将搅拌均匀的秸秆类物料暂时储藏在搅拌储藏箱中；The crushed and dehydrated straw materials enter the spiral material lifting cylinder through the discharge valve. The motor is integrated on the top of the spiral material lifting cylinder. The agricultural mechanical arm supports the spiral material lifting cylinder to adjust the height, and the spiral material lifting cylinder is lifted into the mixing box. , when stirring, by adding a certain dose of bacterial agent in the humidification and spraying pipeline, the fermentation rate can be increased, and the fermentation temperature can be quickly reached by heating the insulation layer, and the stirring speed of the rotary and repeating agitator is controlled by the electric control box, and the forward rotation and reverse rotation are set to realize the straw The straw-like materials are evenly stirred in the mixing box, and then the evenly stirred straw-like materials are temporarily stored in the mixing storage box;
搅拌储藏箱中的秸秆类物料经过出料阀门进入螺旋式物料提升筒，螺旋式物料提升筒顶部整合电机，农业机械臂支撑螺旋式物料提升筒调节高度，螺旋式物料提升筒提升至有机肥存储罐后，操作人员可通过平开式操作窗取物料做相关检测，确定物料发酵程度是否达标，也可通过湿度检测表、温度检测表以及pH值检测表读取相关参数，简洁方便。发酵过程会产生大量臭气，设置高效过滤器，通过物理吸附的方式除臭，达到气体排放要求。当物料腐熟至可以施用的程度，通过螺旋出料器将物料推出至有机肥出料口，通过一体化处理机实现秸秆类物料无害化处理并回用农田。The straw materials in the mixing storage box enter the spiral material lifting cylinder through the discharge valve. The motor is integrated on the top of the spiral material lifting cylinder, and the agricultural mechanical arm supports the spiral material lifting cylinder to adjust the height. The spiral material lifting cylinder is lifted to the organic fertilizer storage After the tank, the operator can take the material through the side-opening operation window for relevant testing to determine whether the fermentation degree of the material is up to the standard, and can also read the relevant parameters through the humidity detection table, temperature detection table and pH value detection table, which is simple and convenient. The fermentation process will produce a large amount of odor, and a high-efficiency filter is installed to deodorize through physical adsorption to meet the gas emission requirements. When the material is decomposed to the extent that it can be applied, the material is pushed out to the organic fertilizer outlet through the screw discharger, and the harmless treatment of the straw material is realized through the integrated processor and reused on the farmland.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明；对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本发明中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或者范围的情况下，在其他实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限定于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention; various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the defined The general principles may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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| CN107371660A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-24 | 成都捷科菲友信息技术有限公司 | A kind of stalk drying and crushing device |
| CN208266085U (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-12-21 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | A kind of innoxious biochemical treatment fertilizer producing equipment of stalk |
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| CN105728100A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-07-06 | 徐州工程学院 | Crushing, compression and dehydration integrated device and working method thereof |
| CN205635404U (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-12 | 四川省眉山益稷农业科技有限公司 | Continuous high -efficient fermenting installation based on crop straw is raw materials preparation fertilizer |
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| CN108782017A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-13 | 贵州贵恒环保科技有限公司 | A kind of stalk fermentation pretreatment unit for producing edible mushroom base-material |
| CN109112055A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-01-01 | 东营职业学院 | A kind of garden waste corruption process flow system |
| CN110935525A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-31 | 安吉县宇宏粘土化工有限公司 | Straw dewatering equipment for soil fertilizer processing |
| CN110935525B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-08-17 | 安吉县宇宏粘土化工有限公司 | Straw dewatering equipment for soil fertilizer processing |
| CN113185331A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-07-30 | 上海云沃环保设备有限公司 | Novel system for preparing fertilizer by treating straws with enzyme preparation |
| CN113896581A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-07 | 上海玖沁环保科技有限公司 | Agricultural straw degradation treatment equipment |
| CN115634912A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-24 | 南京中船绿洲环保有限公司 | Kitchen waste integrated treatment device and treatment method |
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Application publication date: 20180612 |