CN108124728B - A kind of breeding substrate for promoting rapid growth of cotton and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cotton breeding substrates, and particularly relates to a breeding substrate for promoting rapid growth of cotton and a preparation method thereof, wherein the breeding substrate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of crop straw, 10-25 parts of bran, 10-25 parts of river sand, 15-25 parts of animal waste, 5-8 parts of honey, 0.1-0.5 part of algin and 0.1-1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor. The breeding substrate provided by the embodiment of the invention can promote seed germination and seedling rapid growth, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens metabolite can resist plant diseases and can be used as a biological bacterial fertilizer, honey and algin have a promoting effect on cotton seed germination and seedling growth, and the effect of combining the two is better.

Description

A kind of breeding substrate for promoting rapid growth of cotton and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of cotton breeding substrates, in particular to a breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton and a preparation method.

Background technique

There are three major cotton regions in my country, namely (1) the Yellow River Basin Cotton Region, which includes Shandong, Hebei, Henan and other places; (2) the Yangtze River Basin Cotton Region, which includes Hunan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places; (3) ) Xinjiang Cotton Region. Cotton is an important economic crop and strategic resource, and the cotton industry occupies an important position in the national economy. The aggregation of cotton breeding results with a variety of excellent traits has a crucial share of scientific and technological contributions to the increase of cotton production and the prosperity of the industry. Yield, disease resistance, and fiber quality have always been the preferred goals for cotton breeding. As an economical agricultural and sideline product, the level of yield directly affects the economic income of the year, and disease resistance is a direct factor that affects cotton yield. The level of fiber quality is related to the quality and commercial competitiveness of cotton products.

Cotton breeding is complicated and time-consuming. The traditional cross-breeding method is to select male and female cotton parents with excellent traits for crossbreeding, and after several generations, finally select varieties with excellent traits. In order to shorten the breeding time, transgenic breeding and other new Breeding methods are constantly being tried. The growth from seed to seedling is the key process of cotton growth. Breeding methods such as transgenic especially involve a lot of cultivation of seedlings. However, by changing the breeding substrate to promote the rapid growth of cotton seeds to the seedling stage, the method of shortening the breeding time is rarely seen. Chinese patent CN102986417A discloses a method for rapidly cultivating cotton seedlings, which effectively shortens the growth time of the seedlings, However, it mainly promotes the growth of cotton seedlings by changing the culture environment and adding nutrient solution in the middle. The growth of seedlings is limited by environmental control facilities. There is a lack of a cotton breeding substrate that can promote the germination of cotton seeds and promote the rapid growth of seedlings on the market.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, which can promote the germination of cotton seeds and the rapid growth of seedlings.

A breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton provided by the invention is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 55-65 parts of crop straw, 10-25 parts of bran, 10-25 parts of river sand, and 15-25 parts of animal manure , 5-8 parts of honey, 0.1-0.5 part of seaweed, and 0.1-1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth.

Preferably, the above-mentioned breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton is made from the following raw materials by weight: 55 parts of crop straw, 25 parts of bran, 10 parts of river sand, 15 parts of animal manure, 8 parts of honey, 0.2 parts of seaweed, 0.1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, the crop straw is cotton straw, wheat straw or corn straw.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, the river sand is 20-40 mesh river sand.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, the animal manure is cow manure or chicken manure.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth is obtained by culturing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CGMCC NO.8230 in beef extract peptone liquid medium at 30±1°C and 160rpm for 20-24h .

The present invention also provides a method for preparing the described breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, comprising the following steps:

S1, weigh each raw material according to the following parts by weight: 55-65 parts of crop straw, 10-25 parts of bran, 10-25 parts of river sand, 15-25 parts of animal manure, 5-8 parts of honey, 0.1-0.5 parts of seaweed part, 0.1-1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth;

S2, the crop straw weighed in S1 is pulverized into straw powder, and then mixed with the weighed bran, river sand, and animal manure to obtain a basic material, decomposed for 5-7 days, and sterilized to obtain a decomposed basis;

S3, the honey, seaweed, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth weighed in S1 and the decomposed base prepared in S2 are mixed to obtain a breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton. Plant cotton seeds.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned preparation method of a breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, in S3, it is divided into a seedling tray, a seedling bed or a flowerpot.

Compared with the prior art, a breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The breeding substrate of the embodiment of the present invention can promote seed germination, promote the rapid growth of seedlings, and the metabolites of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can resist plant diseases, which can be used as biological bacterial fertilizers, and honey and seaweed are effective on cotton seed germination and seedlings The growth of the cotton has a promoting effect, and the combined use of the two is better; the steps of "distributing and planting cotton seeds in 6-12h (that is, planting seeds after setting aside for a period of time)" make the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the substrate multiply and produce Disease-resistant metabolites can promote the germination of cotton seeds and the growth of seedlings, which can reduce the amount of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth and save resources.

(2) found through the experiment of the embodiment of the present invention, although both alginin and naphthalene acetic acid can regulate the growth of plants, only alginin is more suitable for cotton seed germination and promotes the growth of cotton seedlings, it can be seen that different plant regulators are suitable for in different plants.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples, but should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. The experimental methods that do not indicate specific conditions in the following examples are all carried out according to the conventional methods and conditions in the art.

The invention provides a breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of crop straw, 10-25 parts of bran, 10-25 parts of river sand, 15-25 parts of animal manure, 5-8 parts of honey, 0.1-0.5 part of seaweed, and 0.1-1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth.

The crop straw is cotton straw, wheat straw or corn straw.

The river sand is 20-40 mesh river sand.

The animal manure is cow manure or chicken manure.

The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth is obtained after Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CGMCC NO.8230 is cultured in beef extract peptone liquid medium at 30±1° C. and 160 rpm for 20-24 hours.

The preparation method of the breeding substrate is as follows:

S1, weigh each raw material according to the following parts by weight: 55-65 parts of crop straw, 10-25 parts of bran, 10-25 parts of river sand, 15-25 parts of animal manure, 5-8 parts of honey, 0.1-0.5 parts of seaweed part, 0.1-1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth;

S2, pulverize the crop straw weighed in S1 into straw powder, then mix with the weighed, bran and animal feces to obtain a basic material, decompose for 5-7 days, and sterilize to obtain a decomposed basis;

S3, the honey, seaweed, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth weighed in S1 and the decomposed base prepared in S2 are mixed to obtain a breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton. Plant cotton seeds.

Specifically, the following examples are included.

Example 1

A breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of crop straw, 25 parts of bran, 10 parts of river sand, 15 parts of animal manure, 8 parts of honey, 0.2 parts of seaweed, and amylolytic spores Bacillus fermentation broth 0.1 part. The crop straw is cotton straw, the river sand is 20 mesh river sand, and the animal manure is chicken manure.

The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth is obtained after Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CGMCC NO.8230 is cultured in beef extract peptone liquid medium at 30±1° C. and 160 rpm for 20 hours.

The preparation method of the breeding substrate is as follows:

S1, weigh each raw material by the following parts by weight: 55 parts of crop straw, 25 parts of bran, 10 parts of river sand, 15 parts of animal excrement, 8 parts of honey, 0.2 part of seaweed, and 0.1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth;

S2, pulverize the crop straw weighed in S1 into straw powder, and then mix with the weighed, bran and animal manure to obtain basic materials, which are piled into conical piles with a diameter of 1 meter and a pile height of 1 meter, and are decomposed for 7 days. Sterilize with high pressure steam at 121°C for 40min to obtain a decomposed base;

S3, the honey, seaweed, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth weighed in S1 and the decomposing base prepared in S2 are mixed to obtain a breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, and the breeding substrate is prepared for 6h.

Example 2

A breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of crop straw, 10 parts of bran, 25 parts of river sand, 25 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of honey, 0.1 part of seaweed, and amylolytic spores Bacillus fermentation broth 1 part. The crop straw is wheat straw, the river sand is 40 mesh river sand, and the animal dung is cow dung.

The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth is obtained after Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CGMCC NO.8230 is cultured in beef extract peptone liquid medium at 30±1° C. and 160 rpm for 20 hours.

The preparation method of the breeding substrate is as follows:

S1, take by weighing each raw material according to the following parts by weight: 65 parts of crop straw, 10 parts of bran, 25 parts of river sand, 25 parts of animal excrement, 5 parts of honey, 0.1 part of seaweed, and 1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth;

S2, crush the crop straw weighed in S1 into straw powder, and then mix with the weighed, bran and animal feces to obtain basic materials, which are piled into piles with a height of 1 meter, decomposed for 5 days, and sprinkled with carbendazim for sterilization agent, mixed and placed for 2 days to obtain a decomposed base;

S3, the honey, seaweed, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth weighed in S1 and the decomposing base prepared in S2 are mixed to obtain a breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, and the breeding substrate is made 12h.

Example 3

A breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 60 parts of crop straw, 15 parts of bran, 20 parts of river sand, 20 parts of animal feces, 6 parts of honey, 0.5 parts of seaweed, and amylolytic spores 0.5 part of Bacillus fermentation broth. The crop straw is corn straw, the river sand is 20 mesh river sand, and the animal dung is cow dung.

The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth is obtained after Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CGMCC NO.8230 is cultured in beef extract peptone liquid medium at 30±1° C. and 160 rpm for 24 hours.

The preparation method of the breeding substrate is as follows:

S1, take by weighing each raw material according to the following parts by weight: 60 parts of crop straw, 15 parts of bran, 20 parts of river sand, 20 parts of animal excrement, 6 parts of honey, 0.5 part of seaweed, and 0.5 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth;

S2, pulverize the crop straw weighed in S1 into straw powder, and then mix with the weighed, bran and animal feces to obtain basic materials, which are piled into piles with a height of 1 meter, decomposed for 6 days, and sterilized by high pressure steam at 121°C. 40min, get decomposed base;

S3, the honey, seaweed, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth weighed in S1 and the decomposed base prepared in S2 are mixed to obtain a breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, and the breeding substrate is prepared for 1 hour. Packing and planting cotton seeds.

Aiming at the growth characteristics of cotton, the breeding substrate provided in the embodiment of the present invention can promote the rapid rooting of seeds and grow into seedlings, shorten the breeding time, improve the seed survival rate, and improve the breeding efficiency.

The effects of the present invention will be described below by taking Embodiments 1-3 as examples.

The design of the comparative proportions

Comparative Example 1

The formula of the breeding matrix is the same as that of Example 1, except that the step of S3 is changed to: mix the honey, alginin, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth weighed in S1 and the decomposed base prepared by S2 to obtain a compound that promotes the rapid growth of cotton. Breeding substrates can be packaged and planted immediately after the breeding substrates are made.

Comparative Example 2

The breeding matrix formula is made from the following raw materials by weight: 55 parts of crop straw, 25 parts of bran, 10 parts of river sand, 15 parts of animal manure, 8 parts of honey, and 0.2 parts of seaweed; Add Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth.

Comparative Example 3

The formula of the breeding matrix is made from the following raw materials by weight: 55 parts of crop straw, 25 parts of bran, 10 parts of river sand, 15 parts of animal manure, 0.2 part of seaweed, and 0.1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth; the preparation method is the same as the embodiment 1. The difference is that no honey is added.

Comparative Example 4

The breeding matrix formula is made from the following raw materials by weight: 55 parts of crop straw, 25 parts of bran, 10 parts of river sand, 15 parts of animal manure, 8 parts of honey, and 0.1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth; the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 , the difference is that no seaweed is added.

Comparative Example 5

The formula and preparation method of the breeding substrate are the same as those in Example 1; the difference is that the seaweed is replaced by naphthaleneacetic acid.

Comparative Example 6

The breeding substrate is field soil.

2. Planting experiment

1. Test method

(1) plant cotton seeds with the breeding substrates obtained in Comparative Examples 1-6 and Example 1-3 respectively, and the breeding substrates are laid flat in the breeding tray, with a thickness of 5cm; 3 parallel experiments were performed for each control, and 100 clean and disease-free seeds were selected for each experiment.

(2) the normal germinated seeds are transplanted in the flowerpot in the form of potted plants, the diameter in the flowerpot is 15cm, the height is 15cm, and the thickness of the breeding substrate in the flowerpot is 13cm, and the cotton seedling stage development index and seedling survival rate are recorded (every The number of surviving seedlings out of 100 seedlings).

Among them, the development indicators of cotton seedling stage are: the daily growth of the main stem at the 7-8 leaf stage, and the time required to reach 8 leaves.

The results of seed germination rate, seedling survival rate, and seedling development indicators of different breeding substrates are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 The results of seed germination rate, seedling survival rate, and seedling development indicators of different breeding substrates

Comparative example 1-3 and comparative example 6, seed germination rate, seedling survival rate, 7-8 leaf stage main stem daily growth rate all improve, cotton seedling reaches 8 leaves required time shortens, illustrates the breeding of the embodiment of the present invention The substrate can promote the germination of seeds and promote the rapid growth of seedlings. The investigation found that the cause of the death of the seedlings in Comparative Example 6 was disease. The seedlings of Examples 1-3 had a higher survival rate and less disease phenomenon, indicating that the substrate has a disease-resistant effect.

Comparative Example 1 explores the effect of different preparation methods on cotton. The breeding substrate is made and placed for a period of time before inoculation, so that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the substrate can adapt to the substrate environment, multiply and produce disease-resistant metabolites. Comparing the results of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 6 and Example 1, the effect of Comparative Example 1 is between Comparative Example 6 and Example 1, explaining that "it is necessary to pack and plant cotton seeds in 6-12h (i.e., leave it on hold for a period of time). The step of planting seeds)" can make Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the substrate multiply and produce disease-resistant metabolites, which can promote the germination of cotton seeds and the growth of seedlings. This can reduce the amount of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth and save resources.

Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 respectively explored the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, honey and seaweed on cotton. The results showed that Comparative Example 2 lost its anti-disease effect because Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth was not used. , the effect is worse than that of Comparative Examples 3 and 4; although the seed germination rate and seedling survival rate of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 are higher than those of Comparative Example 2, the effect is still worse than that of Example 1, and the time required for the seedlings to reach 8 leaves is also longer. It shows that honey and seaweed can promote the germination of cotton seeds and the growth of seedlings, and the combination of the two is better.

Seaweed is a plant growth regulating substance, which can promote cell division, delay senescence, and promote rhizome growth, and naphthalene acetic acid can also regulate the growth of plants, but what are the regulating effects of the two on cotton? Whether the combined use of other substances has an effect, it is impossible to know before this application, so we compare the effects of seaweed and naphthalene acetic acid on cotton through Comparative Example 5 and Example 1. The data show that the seed germination rate of Comparative Example 5, The survival rate of the seedlings and the daily growth of the main stem at the 7-8 leaf stage were lower than those of the Example 1 group, and the corresponding time required to reach 8 leaves was also longer. The results showed that although both seaweed and naphthalene acetic acid can regulate the growth of plants, only seaweed is more suitable for cotton seed germination and cotton seedling growth. It can be seen that different plant regulators are suitable for different plants.

It should be noted that when the claims of the present invention relate to the numerical range, it should be understood that the two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected, because the steps and methods used are the same as the examples, In order to avoid repetition, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes to these embodiments once the basic inventive concept is known. and modification. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, provided that these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (7)

1. A breeding substrate for promoting cotton rapid growth is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of crop straw, 10-25 parts of bran, 10-25 parts of river sand, 15-25 parts of animal waste, 5-8 parts of honey, 0.1-0.5 part of algin and 0.1-1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor;

the bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquid is obtained by culturing bacillus amyloliquefaciens CGMCC NO.8230 in a beef extract peptone liquid culture medium at 30 +/-1 ℃ and 160rpm for 20-24 hours;

after the breeding substrate is prepared, cotton seeds are required to be subpackaged and planted for 6-12 h.

2. A breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of crop straws, 25 parts of bran, 10 parts of river sand, 15 parts of animal wastes, 8 parts of honey, 0.2 part of algin and 0.1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor.

3. A breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton as claimed in claim 1, wherein said crop straw is cotton straw, wheat straw or corn straw.

4. A breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton as recited in claim 1, wherein said river sand is 20-40 mesh river sand.

5. A breeding substrate for promoting the rapid growth of cotton as recited in claim 1, wherein said animal manure is cow manure or chicken manure.

6. A method for preparing a breeding substrate for promoting cotton rapid growth according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of crop straw, 10-25 parts of bran, 10-25 parts of river sand, 15-25 parts of animal waste, 5-8 parts of honey, 0.1-0.5 part of algin and 0.1-1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor;

s2, crushing the crop straws weighed in the S1 into straw powder, mixing the straw powder with the weighed bran, river sand and animal manure to obtain a base material, decomposing for 5-7 days, and sterilizing to obtain a decomposed base material;

s3, uniformly mixing the honey weighed in the S1, the algin, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquid and the decomposed base prepared in the S2 to obtain a breeding matrix for promoting the rapid growth of cotton, and subpackaging and planting cotton seeds for 6-12 hours after the breeding matrix is prepared.

7. A method for preparing a breeding medium for promoting the rapid growth of cotton as claimed in claim 6, wherein in S3, it is divided into seedling raising trays, seedling raising beds or flower pots.