CN108103395B - A kind of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108103395B
CN108103395B CN201711169368.0A CN201711169368A CN108103395B CN 108103395 B CN108103395 B CN 108103395B CN 201711169368 A CN201711169368 A CN 201711169368A CN 108103395 B CN108103395 B CN 108103395B
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thrust wheel
forging
hardened
tempered steel
cooling
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CN108103395A (en
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冯坤
李毅
张东亚
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Jiangsu Xugong Construction Machinery Research Institute Co ltd
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Construction Machinery Branch of XCMG
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • C21D1/10Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/34Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tyres; for rims
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel and preparation method thereof, which is prepared using a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel that forges haveing excellent performance, forged heating, forging, control cooling, and surface induction hardening processing obtains finished product thrust wheel.With tradition it is quenched+surface induction hardening thrust wheel preparation process compared with, this thrust wheel preparation method eliminates modifier treatment process, reduces energy consumption and discharging of waste liquid, is beneficial to energy conservation environmental protection, be beneficial to reduce production cost and shorten the production cycle.

Description

A kind of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular to a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Thrust wheel is the important component of tracked construction equipment walking mechanism, and main function is support equipment self weight and lotus It carries, crawler belt is allowed to walk along wheel.Crawler equipment biggish for tonnage, such as large-tonnage excavator, crane, thrust wheel Need to have good comprehensive mechanical property and surface abrasion resistance.
Currently, the thrust wheel multiselect materials such as 50Mn, 40Mn2,42CrMo, are formed using casting or forging technology, it is mechanical After roughing, preferably whole synthesis mechanical property is obtained by modifier treatment, is then handled using surface hardening, makes to take turns body surface Surface hardness reaches 45HRC ~ 55HRC, increases the surface abrasion resistance of thrust wheel with this.The thrust wheel of technique preparation has good Comprehensive mechanical property and surface abrasion resistance, but heating for multiple times is needed in its process, energy consumption is very big.Modifier treatment Journey not only needs to expend mass energy, also needs consumption water, special quenching oil etc., is unfavorable for energy saving and protection environment.
Non-hardened and tempered steel, which is not required to modifier treatment, can be obtained excellent comprehensive mechanical property.Common non-hardened and tempered steel passes through addition Vanadium, titanium, Nb-microalloying element form tiny carbide and nitride and achieve the purpose that strengthen steel, and room temperature texture is thin Small pearlite and ferrite, comprehensive mechanical property is more excellent, is applied to automobile shaft forgings, rod-like member at present more.It is cold by controlling But, the yield strength of such non-hardened and tempered steel can reach 600MPa ~ 700MPa, still have gap with high-quality quenched and tempered steel.In recent years, high-strength Bainitic Steels, the martensite non-hardened and tempered steel of type are quickly grown, and have expanded the application range of non-hardened and tempered steel.For Micro Alloying Steel forgings, traditional cooling means are to be cooled down or taken in air simple Insulation for hot forging placement, should Method has some disadvantages and deficiency, is in particular in: the hardness and mechanical property of forging are difficult to control, and external environment is to most The performance of whole components is affected, high rejection rate.
In order to obtain excellent comprehensive mechanical property and surface abrasion resistance, crawler type walking mechanism thrust wheel tradition heat Treatment process means are quenched+surface induction hardening.Traditional quenched+surface induction hardening treatment process, thrust wheel blank add After warm and hot forging molding, heat preservation quenching and tempering processing need to be reheated, after obtaining good comprehensive mechanical property, again to Zhi Chong The working face of wheel carries out induction hardening, and the working face of high rigidity, high-wear resistance is obtained with this.Forming parts process is more, Long in time limit, production process needs heating for multiple times, and energy consumption is big, increases production cost.Dedicated quenching oil is needed when quenched, is quenched Fiery liquid is unfavorable for energy-saving and emission-reduction, green production.
In order to reduce production cycle and the manufacturing cost of thrust wheel, part of the manufacturer, which develops, a kind of utilizes residual forging heat to carry out The thrust wheel preparation method of quenching strengthening.The method pass through controlled forge process after waste heat supply temperature, directly adopt remnant forging thermal quenching+ Lonneal technique obtains the thrust wheel finished product with certain degree of hardness.This method only needs primary heating from blank to final finished Quenching, improves the utilization efficiency of the energy, significantly reduces production energy consumption and manufacturing cost.
The preparation method that quenching strengthening obtains thrust wheel is carried out using residual forging heat, process is less, and energy utilization rate is high.But There are still following problems in practical applications for the process: (1) when thrust wheel size is larger, since each position cooling rate is different It causes and causes each spot temperature uneven, do not harden so as to cause regional area and different parts quenching distortion is non-uniform asks Topic;(2) presence of forging surface scale reduces face-hardened quality, easily quenching soft spot occurs and influence the resistance to of components Grind performance;(3) thrust wheel heat treatment process is integral quenching+lonneal, and work surface hardness is generally 45HRC ~ 55HRC, It is difficult to obtain higher work surface hardness.
Summary of the invention
Purpose: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel and its system Preparation Method, the preparation method are not required to carry out quenched process, reduce energy consumption and production cost.It is obtained using the preparation method Non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel, yield strength are not less than 800MPa, and tensile strength is not less than 900MPa, and elongation after fracture is not less than 11%, Comprehensive mechanical property is excellent, can meet in large tonnage crawler engineering machinery to the mechanical property requirements of thrust wheel.Using the system The thrust wheel that Preparation Method obtains, for the surface hardness that works up to 55HRC ~ 61HRC, wear-resisting property is excellent.
Technical solution: in order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of manufacturing method of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel, it is characterised in that: the thrust wheel blank is that can forge Micro Alloying Thrust wheel blank, is successively carried out Forge Heating, forging, control cooling by steel, and surface induction hardening processing obtains finished product Zhi Chong Wheel.
Further, the non-hardened and tempered steel, by percentage to the quality, containing C:0.34 ~ 0.52%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.50%, Mn:1.20 ~ 2.0%, S:0.04 ~ 0.07%, Cr:0.05 ~ 0.50%, V:0 ~ 0.25%, Ti:0 ~ 0.1%, B:0.0005 ~ 0.0035%, Rest part is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Further, during the control is cooling, the relationship of the temperature and time of thrust wheel is forged are as follows: to forge preceding add Heat is come out of the stove as start time, then: heating before forging, and --- heating is come out of the stove --- forging molding --- controll cooling after forging enters furnace --- before forging Controll cooling after forging is come out of the stove --- enter charging basket;
Temperature when heating is come out of the stove before forging is 1150 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C;
To 0.25min ~ 0.30min, the temperature before blocking is 1030 DEG C ~ 1080 DEG C;
To 0.65min ~ 0.80min, the temperature after finish-forging is 840 DEG C ~ 870 DEG C;
To 1.00min ~ 1.20min, temperature when controll cooling after forging enters furnace is 810 DEG C ~ 840 DEG C;
To 3.20min ~ 4.85min, temperature when controll cooling after forging is come out of the stove is 450 DEG C ~ 480 DEG C;
To 6.50min ~ 7.00min, temperature when entering material frame is 360 DEG C ~ 380 DEG C.
Further, during the control is cooling, when forging control is cold enters furnace, cooling velocity control 1.6 DEG C/s ~ It 3.0 DEG C/s, comes out of the stove until forging control is cold.After the step can guarantee that the non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel forging is cooling, in phase-change organization The bainite phase for generating suitable number improves the intensity and hardness of components on the basis of guaranteeing plasticity and toughness, obtains excellent Different comprehensive mechanical property, thus meet thrust wheel components, especially middle large tonnage crawler engineering machinery thrust wheel zero The overall mechanical properties requirement of part.
Further, the surface induction hardening processing, it is ensured that thrust wheel work surface hardness reaches 55HRC ~ 61HRC, firmly Change layer depth is 8mm ~ 18mm.The surface induction hardening processing is technological means well known to those skilled in the art, the present invention To this without specifically limited.
The present invention also provides a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheels, are prepared using the preparation method of preceding claim.
Non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel of the present invention can be obtained yield strength and be not less than without carrying out modifier treatment 800MPa, tensile strength are not less than 900MPa, and elongation after fracture is not less than 11%.
The thrust wheel prepared using this method, is mainly used for tracked construction equipment, such as excavator, crane, especially Suitable for middle large tonnage crawler engineering machinery.
The utility model has the advantages that non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel provided by the invention and preparation method thereof, which is closed by selection Suitable non-hardened and tempered steel raw material, the forging for meeting thrust wheel and surface induction hardening process are to the component requirements of raw material.After forging Control cooling, obtains bainite and ferritic line and staff control, without carrying out modifier treatment, that is, obtains preferably resultant force Performance is learned, yield strength is not less than 800MPa, and tensile strength is not less than 900MPa, and elongation after fracture is not less than 11%, in satisfaction Mechanical property requirements of the large tonnage crawler engineering machinery to thrust wheel.The surface mid-frequency induction hardening technique that later period uses, makes Thrust wheel obtains the hardened layer of certain depth, and surface hardness reaches 55HRC ~ 61HRC, and wear-resisting property is excellent.It is provided by the invention Non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel still obtains good comprehensive mechanical property and high in the case where removing modifier treatment process Work surface hardness.And modifier treatment process is removed, production cost on the one hand can be reduced, the production cycle is shortened, on the other hand, also Effect reduces energy consumption and discharging of waste liquid, is conducive to environmentally protective.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the forging of embodiment 1 controls cooling curve;
Fig. 2 is the micro-organization chart after the forging control of 1 thrust wheel of embodiment is cold.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
In terms of quality %, the chemical composition content of selected blank is C:0.39%, Si:0.26%, Mn:1.74%, S: 0.046%, V:0.15%, B:0.001%, surplus Fe.Forge Heating is to 1150 DEG C, 1080 DEG C of blocking temperature, final forging temperature 840 DEG C, it controls and cools down with fed to boiler, 810 DEG C of charging temperature, furnace internal control 2.0 DEG C/s of cooling velocity, control 460 DEG C of tapping temperature. The temperature variation curve that it is forged and control is cooling is as shown in Figure 1.
Microstructure observation is carried out to the thrust wheel that the above method obtains, microscopic structure is mainly by bainite+ferrite Composition, pattern are as shown in Figure 2.Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out to the thrust wheel that the above method obtains, test result is as follows: Rp0.2= 871MPa, Rm=983MPa, A=14.5%, impact flexibility AkV2=46.4J, hardness 274HBW, comprehensive mechanical property is excellent, meets branch The overall mechanical properties requirement of roller body.
After thrust wheel roughing after above-mentioned forging, mid-frequency induction hardening processing, hardened depth are carried out to thrust wheel working face 10mm ~ 12mm is spent, work surface hardness 58HRC ~ 61HRC.After finish simultaneously flaw detection to thrust wheel, assemble as required, Coating obtains final finished thrust wheel.
The thrust wheel overall mechanical properties that the embodiment obtains are excellent, and large tonnage crawler engineering machinery is to Zhi Chong in satisfaction The mechanical property requirements of wheel, work surface hardness is high, and hardening depth is big, shows preferably wear-resisting property and whole service life.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of manufacturing method of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel, it is characterised in that: the thrust wheel blank is that can forge non-hardened and tempered steel, Thrust wheel blank is successively carried out to Forge Heating, forging, control cooling, surface induction hardening processing obtains finished product thrust wheel;
The non-hardened and tempered steel, by percentage to the quality, containing C:0.34 ~ 0.52%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.50%, Mn:1.20 ~ 2.0%, S:0.04 ~ 0.07%, Cr:0.05 ~ 0.50%, V:0 ~ 0.25%, Ti:0 ~ 0.1%, B:0.0005 ~ 0.0035%, rest part Fe;
During the control is cooling, the relationship of the temperature and time of thrust wheel is forged are as follows: come out of the stove to forge preceding heating as the time Starting point, then: --- heating is come out of the stove before forging, and --- controll cooling after forging goes out forging molding --- controll cooling after forging enters furnace --- for heating before forging Furnace --- enter charging basket;
Temperature when heating is come out of the stove before forging is 1150 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C;
To 0.25min ~ 0.30min, the temperature before blocking is 1030 DEG C ~ 1080 DEG C;
To 0.65min ~ 0.80min, the temperature after finish-forging is 840 DEG C ~ 870 DEG C;
To 1.00min ~ 1.20min, temperature when controll cooling after forging enters furnace is 810 DEG C ~ 840 DEG C;
To 3.20min ~ 4.85min, temperature when controll cooling after forging is come out of the stove is 450 DEG C ~ 480 DEG C;
To 6.50min ~ 7.00min, temperature when entering material frame is 360 DEG C ~ 380 DEG C;
During the control is cooling, when forging control is cold enters furnace, cooling velocity is controlled in 1.6 DEG C/s ~ 3.0 DEG C/s, until Forging control is cold to come out of the stove.
2. the manufacturing method of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the surface induction hardening Processing, it is ensured that thrust wheel work surface hardness reaches 55HRC ~ 61HRC, and case depth is 8mm ~ 18mm.
3. a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel, it is characterised in that: the non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel is using of any of claims 1 or 2 The preparation method of non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel is prepared.
4. non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the surrender of the non-hardened and tempered steel thrust wheel is strong Degree is not less than 800MPa, and tensile strength is not less than 900MPa, and elongation after fracture is not less than 11%.
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CN110000319A (en) * 2019-03-25 2019-07-12 芜湖万联新能源汽车零部件有限公司 A kind of band skirt non-hardened and tempered steel piston forging and forming technology
CN110578096B (en) * 2019-10-24 2021-04-30 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 Non-quenched and tempered steel for crankshaft, crankshaft forging and preparation process thereof
CN111390512B (en) * 2020-04-07 2021-08-17 中机精密成形产业技术研究院(安徽)股份有限公司 Non-quenched and tempered steel material for electric drive shaft and production process
CN112981260B (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-11-30 上海振华港机重工有限公司 Container crane wheel steel, container crane wheel and preparation method of container crane wheel steel
CN115747639A (en) * 2022-10-28 2023-03-07 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Bainite non-quenched and tempered steel material, steering knuckle and preparation method

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102199731A (en) * 2011-05-18 2011-09-28 马鸣图 Composite microalloyed large-section non-quenched and tempered steel
CN104988295A (en) * 2015-07-31 2015-10-21 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Heat treatment method for improving medium-carbon non-quenched and tempered steel connecting rod cracking performance

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102199731A (en) * 2011-05-18 2011-09-28 马鸣图 Composite microalloyed large-section non-quenched and tempered steel
CN104988295A (en) * 2015-07-31 2015-10-21 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Heat treatment method for improving medium-carbon non-quenched and tempered steel connecting rod cracking performance

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