CN108071438A - 用于内燃机的换气阀以及内燃机 - Google Patents

用于内燃机的换气阀以及内燃机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108071438A
CN108071438A CN201711118733.5A CN201711118733A CN108071438A CN 108071438 A CN108071438 A CN 108071438A CN 201711118733 A CN201711118733 A CN 201711118733A CN 108071438 A CN108071438 A CN 108071438A
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valve
scavenging air
internal combustion
combustion engine
air valve
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G·利策尔
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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MAN Diesel and Turbo SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/08—Valves guides; Sealing of valve stem, e.g. sealing by lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/22—Valve-seats not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group; Fixing of valve-seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Check Valves (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于内燃机的换气阀以及内燃机。一种换气阀(10)，具有承载阀体(12)的阀杆(11)；具有用于阀体(12)的阀座(13)，其中当闭合换气阀时阀体(12)抵靠阀座(13)，并且其中当打开换气阀时阀体(12)不抵靠阀座(13)；并且具有用于引导阀杆(11)的阀导套(16)；其中阀导套(16)具有径向内凹槽(17)，其容纳用于阀杆(11)的独立的扫除元件(18)。

Description

用于内燃机的换气阀以及内燃机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的换气阀以及内燃机。
背景技术
从实践中已知的内燃机装配有换气阀，也就是进气侧换气阀和排气侧换气阀，内燃机的气缸经由进气侧换气阀能够被提供增压空气，废气能够经由排气侧换气阀从内燃机的气缸被排出。
内燃机的每一个换气阀都装配有阀杆，其承载阀体，其中阀座与阀体相互作用。通过闭合的换气阀，阀体抵靠阀座，反之通过打开的换气阀，阀体不抵靠阀座。
而且，从实践中已知的换气阀装配有用于在阀体相对于阀座的运动期间引导阀杆的阀导套，阀杆容纳该阀体，其中在阀导套和阀杆之间形成了径向间隙。至今，阀导套和阀杆都会遭受例如由腐蚀而导致的磨损，该腐蚀也就是由于增压空气进入该径向间隙或者由于排气进入该径向间隙所导致的。而且，沉积物能够进入径向间隙，这能够导致阀堵塞。
发明内容
从这点出发，本发明基于创造一种新型的用于内燃机的换气阀以及具有这种换气阀的内燃机的目的。
这个目的通过根据权利要求1所述的换气阀被解决。根据本发明，阀导套具有径向内凹槽，其容纳用于阀杆的独立的扫除元件。通过本发明，提出了阀导套，也就是阀导套的径向凹槽，容纳用于阀杆的扫除元件，经由该扫除元件它防止空气或者废气能够进入在阀导套和阀杆之间的径向间隙。而且，避免了沉积物能够进入该径向间隙中，由此降低了阀堵塞的风险。根据本发明，扫除元件被体现为独立的扫除元件，其被容纳在阀导套的凹槽中。因此扫除元件不是阀导套的组成部分，也就是，该扫除元件不由阀导套的扫除边缘来提供，扫除元件实际上是独立的部件。因而阀导套能少受磨损的影响。当磨损时独立的扫除元件能够被简单地更换。
优选地，用于阀杆的扫除元件相对于阀导套的凹槽径向突出到内侧。由于这个原因，确保了在阀导套和阀杆之间的径向间隙的特别有效的密封，同时它还防止了沉积物能够进入在阀导套和阀杆之间的径向间隙的区域。
根据有利的进一步的进展，用于阀杆的扫除元件与阀杆共中心地对齐。由于此，扫除元件能够表现出对径向间隙特别有效的密封并且特别有效地防止沉积物进入径向间隙中。
根据有利的进一步的进展，在阀杆的移动方向上可见地，凹槽将用于阀杆的扫除元件固定在凹槽中。由于此，也确保了在操作期间扫除元件相对于阀杆的精确对齐，以便由此确保对径向间隙有效的密封以及有效地防止沉积物进入径向间隙。
根据有利的进一步的进展，用于阀杆的扫除元件由金属材料组成。由于此，扫除元件具有有利的耐磨性。特别地，扫除元件的金属材料的硬度低于阀杆的金属材料的硬度，以便避免磨损阀杆。
在权利要求6中限定根据本发明的内燃机。
附图说明
由从属权利要求和下面的描述将获得本发明优选的进一步的进展。借助附图本发明的示范性实施例将被更详细地说明，但并不局限于此。其中附图图示了：
图1从根据本发明的内燃机的在根据本发明的换气阀的区域中的选取图。
具体实施方式
图1显示了从内燃机的在换气阀10的区域中的选取图，其中显示了换气阀10的阀杆11，其承载阀体12，同样地在图示的示范性实施例中由阀座环14所提供的阀座。阀座环14被安装在气缸盖15中。
特别地当换气阀10闭合时，具有相应密封表面的阀体12抵靠阀座13。相反地，特别地当换气阀10打开时，阀体12不抵靠在阀座13上。
在换气阀10的打开和闭合期间，阀体12在阀杆11的纵向中心轴线19的方向上经由阀杆11上下移动，其中在该过程中阀杆11在阀导套16中被引导。在阀导套16的径向指向内侧的表面20和阀杆11的径向指向外侧的表面21之间形成了径向间隙22。
特别地当图1的换气阀10是进气侧换气阀时，该换气阀用于将增压空气引入各自内燃机的气缸的燃烧室中。特别地当换气阀10是排气侧换气阀时，该换气阀用于从各自内燃机的各自气缸的各自燃烧室中排出废气。
为了避免增压空气或者废气进入在阀杆11和阀导套16之间的径向间隙22中，根据本发明提供了，用于阀杆11的扫除元件18被插入在阀导套16的凹槽19中，该凹槽径向指向内侧并且径向开口到内侧，该径向间隙22经由该扫除元件能够被密封并且经由该扫除元件沉积物能够从阀杆11被扫除，以便防止导致阀堵塞的这种沉积物进入径向间隙22的区域中。扫除元件18因此是独立的组件，其被容纳在阀导套的凹槽17中，并且相对于凹槽17且因此相对于阀导套的表面20径向突出到内侧。
扫除元件18与阀杆11共中心地对齐，并且在阀杆11的移动方向上可见的，经由凹槽17被固定在凹槽19中。
被容纳在阀导套16的凹槽17中的独立的扫除元件18优选地由具有比阀杆11的金属材料的硬度低的金属材料组成。
通过本发明能够可靠地防止废气或者增压空气进入在阀杆11和阀导套16之间的径向间隙22中。由于这个原因，能够防止在径向间隙22的区域中在这些组件上的腐蚀。而且，避免了沉积物形成在这个径向间隙22中或者这种沉积物由于阀杆11的移动而进入径向间隙22中。降低了阀堵塞的风险。可能的磨损被转移到独立的扫除元件18上，其能够被容易地且成本合算地被替换。
而且，本发明涉及具有这种换气阀10的内燃机。如已经解释的，用于增压空气的进气侧换气阀和用于废气的排气侧换气阀二者都能够如参考附图1所描述的被体现。内燃机特别地是用重质燃料油来操作的内燃机，特别地舰船的内燃机，也就是其燃料能够导致在换气阀区域中沉积物形成和腐蚀的内燃机。
附图标记
10 换气阀
11 阀杆
12 阀体
13 阀座
14 阀座环
15 气缸盖
16 阀导套
17 凹槽
18 扫除元件
19 纵向中心轴线
20 表面
21 表面
22 径向间隙

Claims (8)

1.一种换气阀(10)，具有
阀杆(11)，其承载阀体(12)；
用于阀体(12)的阀座(13)，其中当闭合换气阀时阀体(12)抵靠阀座(13)，并且其中当打开换气阀时阀体(12)不抵靠阀座(11)；
具有用于引导阀杆(11)的阀导套(16)；
其特征在于，
阀导套(16)具有径向内凹槽(17)，其容纳用于阀杆(11)的独立的扫除元件(18)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的换气阀，其特征在于，用于阀杆(11)的扫除元件(18)相对于阀导套(16)的凹槽(17)径向突出到内侧。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的换气阀，其特征在于，用于阀杆(11)的扫除元件(18)与阀杆(11)共中心地对齐。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的换气阀，其特征在于，在阀杆(11)的移动方向上可见的，凹槽(17)将用于阀杆(11)的扫除元件(18)固定在凹槽(17)中。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的换气阀，其特征在于，用于阀杆(11)的扫除元件(18)由金属材料组成。
6.一种具有至少一个气缸的内燃机，其中每一个气缸都具有至少一个用于增压空气的进气侧换气阀和至少一个用于废气的排气侧换气阀(10)，其特征在于，根据权利要求1至5中任一项形成各自进气侧换气阀和/或各自排气侧换气阀(10)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的内燃机，其特征在于，该内燃机是用重质燃料油来操作的内燃机。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的内燃机，其特征在于，该内燃机是舰船的内燃机。
CN201711118733.5A 2016-11-14 2017-11-14 用于内燃机的换气阀以及内燃机 Pending CN108071438A (zh)

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DE102016222280.5A DE102016222280A1 (de) 2016-11-14 2016-11-14 Gaswechselventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Brennkraftmaschine
DE102016222280.5 2016-11-14

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CN112065528A (zh) * 2020-08-07 2020-12-11 浙江锋锐发动机有限公司 一种发动机气门径向调整机构、方法及配气机构

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US20180135476A1 (en) 2018-05-17
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KR20180054441A (ko) 2018-05-24
FI20175976L (fi) 2018-05-15
FI130947B1 (en) 2024-06-12
FR3058760B1 (fr) 2021-04-16
FI20175976A (fi) 2018-05-15

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