CN108055898B - Method for sowing wheat in whole corn stalk stubble field and no-tillage planter thereof - Google Patents
Method for sowing wheat in whole corn stalk stubble field and no-tillage planter thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108055898B CN108055898B CN201711005142.7A CN201711005142A CN108055898B CN 108055898 B CN108055898 B CN 108055898B CN 201711005142 A CN201711005142 A CN 201711005142A CN 108055898 B CN108055898 B CN 108055898B
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
- A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种玉米整秆残茬地播种小麦的方法及其免耕播种机。所述方法有效避开了玉米残茬，减少小麦播种时动力消耗；另一方面形成良好的小麦群居环境，提高小麦综合产量。所述小麦免耕播种机，包括分禾装置、悬挂架、机架、施肥开沟器、排肥系统、排种开沟器、排种系统、防堵圆盘和镇压装置。该小麦免耕播种机可以一次完成施肥、播种、覆土和镇压等多项作业，具有良好的防堵功能、播种均匀性以及动力消耗少、动土量小等特点，适用于玉米整秆残茬地里播种小麦。所述小麦免耕播种机适应性强、成本低、易推广。
The present invention relates to a method for sowing wheat on a corn stalk stubble field and a no-tillage seeder thereof. The method effectively avoids corn stubble and reduces power consumption during wheat sowing; on the other hand, a good wheat grouping environment is formed to improve the comprehensive yield of wheat. The wheat no-tillage seeder comprises a grass dividing device, a hanging frame, a frame, a fertilizer opener, a fertilizer discharge system, a seed discharge opener, a seed discharge system, an anti-blocking disc and a suppression device. The wheat no-tillage seeder can complete multiple operations such as fertilization, sowing, covering and suppressing at one time, has good anti-blocking function, sowing uniformity, low power consumption, small amount of soil movement, etc., and is suitable for sowing wheat on a corn stalk stubble field. The wheat no-tillage seeder has strong adaptability, low cost and is easy to promote.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an agricultural technology and agricultural machinery equipment for realizing the technology. In particular to a method for sowing wheat in the whole corn stalk stubble field and a no-tillage planter thereof.
Background
In vast China, the cultivation modes mainly include sowing and fertilizing after traditional cultivation and sowing and fertilizing after harvesting in order to reduce damage to the earth surface soil structure. The latter is no-tillage seeding technology promoted and developed on vast lands in China, and the technical superiority is further highlighted.
The no-tillage seeding technique is an important component of the protective farming technique. The current no-tillage seeding technology has a plurality of problems, wherein for the northern corn-wheat planting area in China, a great amount of stubbles are left after the corn machine is harvested, so that serious congestion occurs in the working process of the seeder, and if the stubbles are cleaned manually or mechanically, the time and the labor are wasted. The existing no-tillage planter does not well solve the problem, for example, the no-tillage planter of the utility model ' rotary knife-pulling type wheat no-tillage planter ' adopts a method of installing an anti-blocking mechanism in front of a furrow opener to prevent blocking, but the anti-blocking effect is not obvious under the condition of large straw coverage, and the no-tillage planter of the utility model ' secondary smashing ribbon rotary tillage planter ' of the utility model ' 201210330879.7 adopts a method of installing a rotary cultivator or a straw grinder before sowing and fertilizing, and has the problems of large soil movement, large power consumption and low efficiency although the no-tillage planter has good anti-blocking effect. On the other hand, in the no-tillage sowing process, the ground is uneven, the machine tool vibrates to cause the seed to jump, so that the sowing uniformity is reduced, and a certain obstacle is formed for realizing the wide-width precision sowing of the wheat.
At present, the treatment of the environment is further increased in China, and the natural disasters such as sand blowing, sand storm and the like can be prevented by the protective cultivation. Therefore, a practical no-tillage planter is urgently needed in the market, and the planter needs to have the characteristics of good anti-blocking function, good sowing effect, less power consumption, small soil movement and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for sowing wheat in whole corn stalk stubble fields and a no-tillage planter thereof. A no-tillage seeding method and a no-tillage seeding machine capable of realizing accurate seeding in corn stubble fields are provided from two aspects of agriculture and agricultural mechanical technology, and the no-tillage seeding machine can realize stable work in whole corn stalk stubble fields and has low power consumption.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A wheat no-tillage planter is suitable for covering and descending whole corns, and comprises a three-point suspension traction frame 2, a frame 5, a grain dividing device 1, a fertilizer discharging system 3, a seed discharging system 4, a compacting device 6, a seed discharging furrow opener 7 and a fertilizing furrow opener 9,
The three-point suspension traction frame 2 is fixed at the front end of the frame 5, the three-point suspension traction frame 2 consists of a side pull rod and a transverse pull rod, one end of the side pull rod is connected with a tractor through a pin shaft, and the other end of the side pull rod is fixed at the front end of the frame (5), the frame 5 is of a frame structure and is formed by welding two longitudinal beams which are arranged in parallel and four transverse beams which are arranged in parallel, a first transverse beam of the frame 5 is used for fixing a fertilizing furrow opener 9, a second transverse beam and a third transverse beam are used for fixing a seed sowing furrow opener 7, and a fourth transverse beam is used for fixing a pressing device 6;
The seedling separating device 1 is arranged at the forefront end of the frame 5 and is used for cleaning weeds between lodged straws and corn ridges, the fertilizer discharging system 3 is arranged at the front part above the frame 5, and the seed discharging system 4 is arranged at the rear part above the frame 5.
On the basis of the scheme, the seedling dividing device 1 comprises a plurality of square pyramid shells, connecting shafts and supporting rods, wherein the tops of the square pyramid shells are forwards, the bottoms of the square pyramid shells penetrate through the connecting shafts and are connected with the supporting rods, the supporting rods are arranged on two sides of the front end of the frame 5, the front end of each square pyramid shell is provided with a soil penetration preventing tip, the seedling dividing device 1 is tightly attached to the ground surface and has floatability, and the distance between the seedling dividing device 1 and the ground surface can be fluctuated along with the ground surface.
On the basis of the scheme, the fertilizer discharging system 3 comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer device and a fertilizer conveying pipe, wherein the fertilizer box is connected with the fertilizer device, the fertilizer device is connected with the fertilizer conveying pipe, four groups of fertilizer devices are arranged, the number of each group of fertilizer devices is two, three rows of wheat between the same corn ridges are respectively fertilized, and the fertilizer device is a chute wheel type fertilizer device.
On the basis of the scheme, the seed sowing system 4 comprises a seed box, a seed sowing device and a seed conveying pipe, wherein the seed box is connected with the seed sowing device, the seed sowing device is connected with the seed conveying pipe, and the seed sowing device is a chute wheel type seed sowing device.
On the basis of the scheme, the seed box and the fertilizer box are connected to form a combined box body.
On the basis of the scheme, the fertilizing and ditching device 9 comprises a profiling U-shaped clamp spring 10, an anti-blocking roller 11, a main body ditching device 12 and a ditching device supporting tube, wherein the upper portion of the ditching device supporting tube is fixed on a first cross beam of a frame through a fixing clamp 13, the anti-blocking roller 11 is sleeved on the periphery of the lower portion of the ditching device supporting tube, the anti-blocking roller 11 is of an integral structure, the profiling U-shaped clamp spring 10 is sleeved on the periphery of the middle portion of the ditching device supporting tube, the profiling U-shaped clamp spring 10 is located between the fixing clamp 13 and the anti-blocking roller 11, and the lower end of the ditching device supporting tube is connected with the main body ditching device 12.
On the basis of the scheme, one rectangular pyramid shell corresponds to two fertilization furrow openers 9, and the two fertilization furrow openers 9 are arranged side by side.
On the basis of the scheme, the seed metering furrow opener 7 comprises a square tube 14, a furrow opener main body 18, a conveying impeller belt 15, a primary buffer plate 16 and a secondary buffer plate 17, wherein the furrow opener main body 18 is arranged at the lower end of the square tube 14, the conveying impeller belt 15 is arranged in the square tube 14, a scraping plate used for conveying seeds is arranged on the periphery of the conveying impeller belt 15, the primary buffer plate 16 is in a concave plate shape and is fixed in the square tube 14 and below the conveying impeller belt 15, the secondary buffer plate 17 is a floating corrugated plate and is fixed below the primary buffer plate 16 and is arranged opposite to the primary buffer plate 16, the width of the secondary buffer plate 17 is 6-7cm, a spring is arranged on the secondary buffer plate 17, one end of the spring is connected with the secondary buffer plate 17, and the other end of the spring is fixed at the lower end of the square tube 14, so that the secondary buffer plate 17 can be ensured to be varied along with the ground, uniformity of sowing depth can be ensured, and on the other hand, the secondary buffer plate 17 can be prevented from being damaged.
On the basis of the scheme, the seed sowing openers 7 are arranged in a staggered mode in a front row and a rear row, and the number of the second seed sowing openers 7 is 2 times that of the first seed sowing openers 7.
On the basis of the scheme, in the first seed metering furrow opener 7, 2 anti-blocking discs 8 are arranged on each seed metering furrow opener 7, the 2 anti-blocking discs 8 are fixedly connected through a supporting plate and folded plates, the supporting plate is welded on two sides of the lower half of the seed metering furrow opener 7, the folded plates are positioned above the supporting plate, two ends of the folded plates are welded and fixed with two ends of the supporting plate, the 2 anti-blocking discs 8 are respectively fixed at two ends of the folded plates through shafts and bolts and are used for wrapping the 2 seed metering furrow openers 7 adjacent left and right in the second seed metering furrow opener 7, weeds or straws are met in the advancing process of the seeder, and the anti-blocking discs 8 rotate to cut the weeds or the straws.
On the basis of the scheme, the pressing device 6 is composed of a plurality of single pressing wheels 19, the single pressing wheels 19 are connected through a central shaft, and a plurality of inclined grooves 20 are welded on the single pressing wheels 19.
A method for sowing wheat in whole corn stalk stubble field, which is applied to the wheat no-tillage planter, comprises the following steps:
1) The planting mode is wide and narrow row wheat sowing, and the specific method is to sow three rows of wheat between 50 cm and 70cm corn row spacing, wherein the three rows of wheat are three sowing belts, the sowing belt width is 5 cm to 7cm, and the distance between the sowing belts is 14 cm to 17cm.
2) The fertilizing mode is side deep fertilization, and the specific method is to apply two rows of fertilizers among three rows of wheat, wherein the two rows of fertilizers are among the three rows of wheat in the corn row spacing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent and directly appreciated from the foregoing description. The invention overcomes a plurality of defects in the prior art on the level of organic integration of the agricultural machinery and the agricultural technology. In agriculture, on one hand, three rows of wheat are sowed among corn ridges, side deep fertilization is carried out on the three rows of wheat, the utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, ventilation among wheat rows is improved, illumination utilization is increased by sowing the wheat in wide and narrow rows, and a secondary buffer device is arranged on a seed sowing furrow opener, so that a good wheat crowd environment is formed by applying a wheat wide and precise sowing technology to a sowing machine, and further the comprehensive yield of the wheat is improved. On the other hand, corn stubble is avoided, the defect that the wheat no-tillage planter is easy to jam is overcome under the condition that a rotary tillage mechanism is not used, and the efficiency of the planter is improved. The invention discloses a wheat no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine without rotary tillage, which reduces the moving soil to the minimum and promotes the popularization of protective tillage technology. The wheat no-tillage planter can complete multiple operations such as fertilization, sowing, earthing, compacting and the like at one time, and is suitable for sowing wheat in the whole stalk stubble field. The machine has strong adaptability, low cost and easy popularization.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a wheat no-tillage planter of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rack mount of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the fertilizer applicator of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the seed metering furrow opener of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the anti-blocking disc of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the press wheel of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. Three-point suspension traction frame of seedling dividing device 2
3. Fertilizer discharging system 4 seed discharging system
5. Frame 6 compacting device
7. Anti-blocking disc of seed metering furrow opener 8
9. U-shaped clamp spring of fertilizer furrow opener 10
11. Anti-blocking roller 12 main body furrow opener
13. Square tube with fixed clamp 14
15. Primary buffer plate for conveying impeller belt 16
17. Secondary buffer plate 18 furrow opener main body
19. Single press wheel 20 chute
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the wheat no-tillage planter is suitable for covering and descending corn stalks and comprises a three-point suspension traction frame 2, a frame 5, a seedling dividing device 1, a fertilizer discharging system 3, a seed discharging system 4, a compacting device 6, a seed discharging furrow opener 7 and a fertilizing furrow opener 9,
The three-point suspension traction frame 2 is fixed at the front end of a frame 5, the three-point suspension traction frame 2 consists of a side pull rod and a transverse pull rod, the side pull rod and the transverse pull rod are respectively connected with an upper pull rod and a lower pull rod of a tractor through pin shafts, the frame 5 is of a frame structure and is formed by welding two longitudinal beams which are arranged in parallel and four cross beams which are arranged in parallel, a first cross beam of the frame 5 is used for fixing a fertilizing furrow opener 9, a second cross beam and a third cross beam are used for fixing a seed sowing furrow opener 7, and a fourth cross beam is used for fixing a pressing device 6;
The seedling separating device 1 is arranged at the forefront end of the frame 5 and is used for cleaning weeds between lodged straws and corn ridges, the fertilizer discharging system 3 is arranged at the front part above the frame 5, and the seed discharging system 4 is arranged at the rear part above the frame 5.
As shown in fig. 2, the seedling dividing device 1 comprises a plurality of square pyramid shells, a connecting shaft and supporting rods, wherein the tops of the square pyramid shells are forwards, the bottoms of the square pyramid shells penetrate through the connecting shaft and are connected with the supporting rods, the supporting rods are fixed on two sides of the front end of the frame 5, in order to prevent the seedling dividing device from accidentally entering soil, the front end of the square pyramid shells is provided with a soil-entering preventing tip, the seedling dividing device is tightly attached to the ground surface and has certain floatability, and the distance between the seedling dividing device and the ground surface can fluctuate along with the ground surface.
As shown in fig. 3, the fertilizing opener 9 comprises a profiling U-shaped clamp spring 10, an anti-blocking roller 11, a main body opener 12 and an opener supporting tube, wherein the upper portion of the opener supporting tube is fixed on a first cross beam of a frame through a fixing clamp 13, the anti-blocking roller 11 is sleeved on the periphery of the lower portion of the opener supporting tube, the anti-blocking roller 11 is of an integral structure, the profiling U-shaped clamp spring 10 is sleeved on the periphery of the middle portion of the opener supporting tube, between the fixing clamp 13 and the anti-blocking roller 11, and the lower end of the opener supporting tube is connected with the main body opener 12.
One rectangular pyramid shell corresponds to two fertilization furrow openers 9, and the two fertilization furrow openers 9 are arranged side by side, so that weed congestion is reduced.
The anti-blocking roller 11 is arranged on the main body furrow opener 12, the anti-blocking cylinder is integrated, and the anti-blocking cylinder can rotate along with the increase of weeds when the weeds are wound. In order to reduce the abrasion and damage of the fertilizing furrow opener, the profiling U-shaped clamp spring 10 is arranged on the anti-blocking roller 11 and combined with the fixed clamp 13.
As shown in fig. 4, the seed metering furrow opener 7 comprises a square tube 14, a furrow opener main body 18, a conveying impeller belt 15, a primary buffer plate 16 and a secondary buffer plate 17, wherein the furrow opener main body 18 is arranged at the lower end of the square tube 14, the conveying impeller belt 15 is arranged in the square tube 14, a scraping plate used for conveying seeds is arranged on the periphery of the conveying impeller belt 15, the primary buffer plate 16 is in a concave plate shape and is fixed in the square tube 14 and at the lower part of the conveying impeller belt 15, the secondary buffer plate 17 is a floating corrugated plate and is fixed at the lower part of the primary buffer plate 16 and is opposite to the primary buffer plate 16, the width of the secondary buffer plate 17 is 6-7cm, a spring is arranged on the secondary buffer plate 17, one end of the spring is connected with the secondary buffer plate 17, the other end of the spring is fixed at the lower end of the square tube 14, the secondary buffer plate 17 can be ensured to be fluctuated along with the ground, the uniformity of sowing depth can be ensured, and on the other hand, the secondary buffer plate 17 can be prevented from being damaged. Seeds are uniformly scattered on the seed bed through the secondary buffer plate, so that wide-width precision sowing of the wheat is realized, and the later growth of the wheat is promoted.
In the whole seed sowing process, seeds in the seed box are discharged through the seed sowing device and are conveyed through the conveying impeller belt 15, and the seeds are uniformly sowed in the U-shaped ditch after being buffered for two times.
The seed-metering furrow openers 7 are arranged in a staggered way in front and back rows, and the number of the second seed-metering furrow openers 7 is 2 times that of the first seed-metering furrow openers 7. The front row is used for sowing one row of wheat, the rear row is used for sowing two rows of wheat, and the arrangement further improves the anti-blocking performance.
As shown in fig. 5, in the first row seed-metering furrow opener 7, each seed-metering furrow opener 7 is provided with 2 anti-blocking discs 8, the 2 anti-blocking discs 8 are fixedly connected by a supporting plate and folded plates, the supporting plate is welded on two sides of the lower half part of the seed-metering furrow opener 7, the folded plates are positioned above the supporting plate, two ends of the folded plates are welded and fixed with two ends of the supporting plate, the 2 anti-blocking discs 8 are respectively fixed at two ends of the folded plates through shafts and bolts and are used for wrapping the left and right adjacent 2 seed-metering furrow openers 7 in the second row seed-metering furrow opener 7, weeds or straws are encountered in the advancing process of the seeder, and the anti-blocking discs 8 rotate to cut the weeds or the straws.
As shown in FIG. 6, the pressing device 6 is composed of a plurality of single pressing wheels 19, the single pressing wheels 19 are connected through a central shaft, and a plurality of inclined slots 20 are welded on the single pressing wheels 19 in order to prevent the single pressing wheels 19 from slipping with the ground and affecting the sowing uniformity.
The fertilizer discharging system 3 comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer device and a fertilizer conveying pipe, wherein the fertilizer box is connected with the fertilizer device, the fertilizer device is connected with the fertilizer conveying pipe, four groups of fertilizer devices are arranged, the number of each group of fertilizer devices is two, three rows of wheat between the same corn ridges are respectively used for fertilization, the structure of the fertilizer device is a chute wheel type, and compared with a common sheave fertilizer device, the uniformity of the fertilizer discharged by the fertilizer device is slightly higher.
The seed metering system 4 comprises a seed box, a seed metering device and a seed conveying pipe, wherein the seed metering device is a chute wheel type seed metering device, and the seed metering device has higher seed metering uniformity and small pulsation.
The seed box is connected with the fertilizer box to form a combined box body.
A method for sowing wheat in whole corn stalk stubble field, which is applied to the wheat no-tillage planter, comprises the following steps:
1) The planting mode is to seed wheat in a wide-narrow row planting mode, specifically three rows of wheat are sown between 50 cm and 70cm corn row spacing, the three rows of wheat are three sowing belts, the width of each sowing belt is 5 cm to 7cm, and the distance between the sowing belts is 14 cm to 17cm.
2) The fertilizing mode is side deep fertilization, specifically two rows of fertilizers are applied among three rows of wheat, and the two rows of fertilizers are arranged among the three rows of wheat in the corn row spacing.
When the wheat no-tillage planter works, the wheat no-tillage planter is pulled by a tractor, power is transmitted to the pressing device through the three-point suspension pulling frame, and power is transmitted to each execution part through chain transmission, wherein the execution parts comprise a fertilization system and a seed sowing system. In the advancing process of the seeder, the straw and weeds among corn rows are cleaned by the seedling dividing device, the fertilizer is sent into the fertilizer furrow opener by the fertilizer discharging system, side deep fertilization is carried out by the fertilizer furrow opener, seeds are sent into the seeding furrow opener by the seed discharging system, broad precision sowing is carried out by the seed discharging furrow opener, and finally the whole sowing process is completed by the compacting device. The wheat no-tillage planter can complete multiple operations such as fertilization, sowing, earthing and compacting at one time, has the characteristics of good anti-blocking function, low power consumption, small soil movement and the like, and is suitable for sowing wheat in half whole corns or whole corns in stubble fields. The machine has strong adaptability, low cost and easy popularization.
It should be finally understood that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the appended claims.
What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A wheat no-tillage planter is characterized by comprising a three-point suspension traction frame (2), a frame (5), a seedling dividing device (1), a fertilizer discharging system (3), a seed discharging system (4), a pressing device (6), a seed discharging furrow opener (7) and a fertilizer applying furrow opener (9),
The three-point suspension traction frame (2) is fixed at the front end of the frame (5), the three-point suspension traction frame (2) consists of a side pull rod and a transverse pull rod, one end of the side pull rod is connected with a tractor through a pin shaft, the other end of the side pull rod is fixed at the front end of the frame (5), the frame (5) is of a frame structure and is formed by welding two longitudinal beams which are arranged in parallel and four transverse beams which are arranged in parallel, a first transverse beam of the frame (5) is used for fixing a fertilizing furrow opener (9), a second transverse beam and a third transverse beam are used for fixing a seed sowing furrow opener (7), and a fourth transverse beam is used for fixing a pressing device (6);
The seedling separating device (1) is arranged at the forefront end of the frame (5) and is used for cleaning weeds between lodged straws and corn ridges, the fertilizer discharging system (3) is arranged at the front part above the frame (5), and the seed discharging system (4) is arranged at the rear part above the frame (5);
The seed sowing furrow opener (7) comprises a square tube (14), a furrow opener main body (18), a conveying impeller belt (15), a primary buffer plate (16) and a secondary buffer plate (17), wherein the furrow opener main body (18) is arranged at the lower end of the square tube (14), the conveying impeller belt (15) is arranged in the square tube (14), a scraping plate for conveying seeds is arranged on the periphery of the conveying impeller belt (15), the primary buffer plate (16) is in a concave plate shape and is fixed in the square tube (14) and below the conveying impeller belt (15), the secondary buffer plate (17) is a floating corrugated plate and is fixed below the primary buffer plate (16) and is arranged opposite to the primary buffer plate (16), the width of the secondary buffer plate (17) is 6-7cm, a spring is arranged on the secondary buffer plate (17), one end of the spring is connected with the secondary buffer plate (17), and the other end of the spring is fixed at the lower end of the square tube (14);
The seed sowing openers (7) are arranged in a staggered way in front and back rows, and the number of the second seed sowing openers (7) is 2 times that of the first seed sowing openers (7);
In the first seed metering furrow opener (7), each seed metering furrow opener (7) is provided with 2 anti-blocking discs (8), the 2 anti-blocking discs (8) are fixedly connected by a supporting plate and folded plates, the supporting plate is welded on two sides of the lower half part of the seed metering furrow opener (7), the folded plates are positioned above the supporting plate, two ends of the folded plates are welded and fixed with two ends of the supporting plate, the 2 anti-blocking discs (8) are respectively fixed at two ends of the folded plates through shafts and bolts and are used for wrapping the 2 seed metering furrow openers (7) adjacent left and right in the second seed metering furrow opener (7), weeds or straws are met in the advancing process of the seeder, and the anti-blocking discs (8) rotate to cut the weeds or the straws;
The seedling dividing device (1) comprises a plurality of rectangular pyramid shells, a connecting shaft and supporting rods, wherein the tops of the rectangular pyramid shells are forwards, the bottoms of the rectangular pyramid shells penetrate through the connecting shaft and are connected with the supporting rods, the supporting rods are arranged on two sides of the front end of a frame (5), and the front end of each rectangular pyramid shell is provided with an anti-penetration tip;
the fertilizer discharging system (3) comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer device and a fertilizer conveying pipe, wherein the fertilizer box is connected with the fertilizer device, the fertilizer device is connected with the fertilizer conveying pipe, four groups of fertilizer devices are arranged, the number of each group is two, and the four groups of fertilizer devices are respectively used for fertilizing three rows of wheat among the same corn ridge, and the fertilizer devices are chute wheel type fertilizer devices;
The seed metering system (4) comprises a seed box, a seed metering device and a seed conveying pipe, wherein the seed box is connected with the seed metering device, and the seed metering device is connected with the seed conveying pipe and is a chute wheel type seed metering device;
the seed box is connected with the fertilizer box to form a combined box body.
2. The wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizing furrow opener (9) comprises a profiling U-shaped clamp spring (10), an anti-blocking roller (11), a main furrow opener (12) and a furrow opener supporting tube, the upper portion of the furrow opener supporting tube is fixed on a first cross beam of a frame through a fixing clamp (13), the anti-blocking roller (11) is sleeved on the periphery of the lower portion of the furrow opener supporting tube, the anti-blocking roller (11) is of an integral structure, the profiling U-shaped clamp spring (10) is sleeved on the periphery of the middle portion of the furrow opener supporting tube, the profiling U-shaped clamp spring (10) is located between the fixing clamp (13) and the anti-blocking roller (11), and the lower end of the furrow opener supporting tube is connected with the main furrow opener (12).
3. The wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 2, wherein one of the rectangular pyramid housings corresponds to two fertilizer applicators (9), the two fertilizer applicators (9) being arranged side by side.
4. The wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 1, wherein the compacting device (6) is composed of a plurality of single compacting wheels (19), the single compacting wheels (19) are connected through a central shaft, and a plurality of inclined grooves (20) are welded on the single compacting wheels (19).
5. A method for sowing wheat in whole corn stalk stubble fields, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) The planting mode is that wheat is planted in wide and narrow rows, the specific method is that three rows of wheat are planted between corn row spacing of 50 cm to 70cm, the three rows of wheat are three sowing belts, the width of the sowing belt is 5 cm to 7cm, and the distance between the sowing belts is 14 cm to 17cm;
2) The fertilizing mode is side deep fertilization, and the specific method is to apply two rows of fertilizers among three rows of wheat, wherein the two rows of fertilizers are among the three rows of wheat in the corn row spacing.
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| CN108781638A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-13 | 杨越 | One kind sowing integrated machine and method for wheat fertilizing |
| CN108901260B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-08-11 | 中国农业大学 | Wheat variable deep fertilizing and seeding device |
| CN110915380A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-27 | 马鞍山绿丰种业有限公司 | Corn seed quantitative sowing device and using method thereof |
| CN111699790B (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2024-05-28 | 河南省农业科学院小麦研究所 | Anti-blocking synchronous linkage compensation type precise seeding equipment for wheat and corn |
| CN112093503B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-06-11 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Device for uniformly putting granular materials |
| CN114679934B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-07-25 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | A combined operation machine for sowing and fertilizing wheat interplanted with cotton |
| CN114642106A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-21 | 青岛万世丰农业科技有限公司 | Corn Soybean Compound Planter |
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