CN108054808B - Super capacitor module ultra-long time pressure maintaining circuit - Google Patents
Super capacitor module ultra-long time pressure maintaining circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108054808B CN108054808B CN201810061592.6A CN201810061592A CN108054808B CN 108054808 B CN108054808 B CN 108054808B CN 201810061592 A CN201810061592 A CN 201810061592A CN 108054808 B CN108054808 B CN 108054808B
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 101000908580 Homo sapiens Spliceosome RNA helicase DDX39B Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 102100021298 b(0,+)-type amino acid transporter 1 Human genes 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0069—Charging or discharging for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation
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- H02J7/008—
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-long-time pressure maintaining circuit of a super capacitor module, which comprises a battery, a leakage detection module, a leakage compensation module and an execution relay, wherein the battery is connected with the leakage compensation module, the output of the leakage compensation module is connected with the execution relay, the sampling signal end of the leakage compensation module is connected with the leakage detection module, the leakage detection module is connected with the super capacitor module, and the positive electrode of the super capacitor module is connected with the execution relay. According to the invention, the external port is controlled by the execution relay to be disconnected with the built-in super capacitor module, so that the safety of a user is protected to the greatest extent; meanwhile, unnecessary short circuit of an external port is effectively eliminated, and potential risks such as lead arcing and port burning are avoided; the lithium battery is internally provided with a charge-discharge protection circuit, so that the explosion risk formed by improper use is avoided; the loss in the leakage compensation process is greatly reduced, the electric quantity of the battery is further saved, the pressure maintaining time of the battery is prolonged, and therefore the ultra-long pressure maintaining is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pressure maintaining circuit of a super capacitor, in particular to an ultra-long-time pressure maintaining circuit of a super capacitor module.
Background
The super capacitor and the module are subjected to the influence of self leakage current, and after saturated charging is completed, the terminal voltage is obviously reduced after being placed for a period of time. In many convenient occasions of getting electricity, can use special charger to charge the pressurize for super capacitor continuously. However, in other occasions where power taking is difficult or continuous charging is not allowed, whether the super capacitor and the module can be used or not can be ensured for a long time after one-time charging is completed is directly related to whether the super capacitor and the module are used or not. For applications where the operating voltage requirements are stringent, a drop in the supercapacitor operating voltage once exceeds the minimum allowable operating voltage means that subsequent use is not normal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an ultra-long-time pressure maintaining circuit of a super capacitor module.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical means that: the utility model provides a super capacitor module superlong-time pressurize circuit, includes battery, electric leakage detection module, electric leakage compensation module, execution relay, electric leakage compensation module is connected to the battery, and electric leakage compensation module's output is connected and is executed the relay, and electric leakage detection module is connected to electric leakage compensation module's sampling signal end, and electric leakage detection module connects super capacitor module, and super capacitor module's anodal connection is executed the relay.
Further, the leakage detection module monitors the voltage of the super capacitor module in real time, when the terminal voltage of the super capacitor module is reduced to the minimum voltage allowed to be output, the leakage compensation module outputs a control signal effectively to control the leakage compensation module to be started, then the battery supplements electric energy to the super capacitor module through the leakage compensation module until the terminal voltage of the super capacitor module reaches the maximum voltage allowed to be output, at the moment, the leakage detection module outputs the control signal ineffective, and the leakage compensation module stops working; the execution relay controls the on-off of the super capacitor module and the outside, and when a user needs the super capacitor module to be put into use, the execution relay is driven to connect the super capacitor module with the outside through external application signals, and meanwhile, the leakage compensation loop is disconnected; when the user does not need to put the super capacitor module into use, the super capacitor module is disconnected from the outside by driving the execution relay through an external application signal, and meanwhile, the leakage compensation loop is connected.
Further, the energy stored by the battery should satisfy the following conditions: v BATCBAT≥VSCILK_AVG T
Wherein V BAT is the battery voltage, C BAT is the battery capacity, V SC is the super capacitor module voltage, I LK_AVG is the average leakage current of the super capacitor, and T is the expected dwell time of the super capacitor.
Further, the battery is a lithium battery, and when a user only needs to meet the single use requirement, the lithium battery is a non-rechargeable primary lithium battery; when the user needs to meet the requirement of repeated recycling, the lithium battery is a rechargeable secondary lithium battery.
Further, the leakage detection module includes an input end, the input end is connected with the cathode of the zener diode ZD1, the anode of the zener diode ZD1 is grounded, the input end is connected with resistors R1, R2 and R3 which are sequentially connected in series to form a voltage division network, the resistor R3 is grounded, the +input end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected between the resistors R1 and R2, the voltage comparator U1-input end is connected with standard voltage, the output end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the driver U2, the output end of the driver U2 is connected with the G pin of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1, the G pin of the N-channel MOS transistor Q2 and the G pin of the P-channel MOS transistor Q3, the S pin of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1 is connected with the output end Vout, the S pin of the N-channel MOS transistor Q2 is grounded, the D pin of the P-channel MOS transistor Q3 is connected between the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, and the S pin of the P-channel MOS transistor Q3 is grounded.
Further, the leakage compensation module includes a negative electrode of a diode D1 connected to one end of the execution relay, a positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected to a resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to an output end of the boost power module M1 and a positive electrode of the capacitor C1, the negative electrode of the capacitor C1 is grounded, an input end of the boost power module is connected to an output end of the relay K1, an input end of the relay K1 and a control end of the relay K1 are connected to a positive electrode of the battery BAT1, a negative electrode of the battery BAT1 is grounded, another control end of the relay K1 is connected to resistors R5 and R6 and a D pin of the N-channel MOS transistor Q5, an S pin of the N-channel MOS transistor Q5 is grounded, a G pin of the N-channel MOS transistor Q5 is connected to the other end of the resistor R6 and a D pin of the N-channel MOS transistor Q4, and another control end of the resistor R4 is grounded to an output end of the leakage detection module.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the external port is controlled to be disconnected with the built-in super capacitor module by executing the relay; only when the user needs to use electricity, the user can connect the two through applying external signals, so that the safety of the user is protected to the greatest extent; meanwhile, unnecessary short circuit of an external port is effectively eliminated, and potential risks such as lead arcing and port burning are avoided; the built-in charge and discharge protection circuit of the lithium battery comprises undervoltage protection, overvoltage protection, short-circuit protection and over-temperature protection, so that the explosion risk formed by improper use of the built-in lithium battery is effectively avoided; the loss in the leakage compensation process is greatly reduced, the electric quantity of the battery is further saved, the pressure maintaining time of the battery is prolonged, and therefore the ultra-long pressure maintaining is achieved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated in the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a leakage detection module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the leakage compensation module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the operation of the leakage detection module according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the pressure maintaining process of the super capacitor module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
To realize the long-term pressure maintaining of the super capacitor module, on one hand, the self leakage current of the super capacitor is relatively small, and on the other hand, the loss formed by the leakage current needs to be compensated through an external power supply. The fact proves that the self leakage current of the super capacitor with the same specification approaches to be consistent along with the extension of the charging or standing time. However, it is not easy to change the value of the leakage current for a long time, and it is difficult to achieve the improvement of the level of the internal material, the production process, etc. in a short time. Therefore, the invention mainly adopts an external auxiliary power supply to compensate electric leakage so as to realize long-term pressure maintaining.
As shown in fig. 1, the super capacitor module ultra-long pressure maintaining circuit comprises a battery, a leakage detection module, a leakage compensation module and an execution relay, wherein the battery is connected with the leakage compensation module, the output of the leakage compensation module is connected with the execution relay, the sampling signal end of the leakage compensation module is connected with the leakage detection module, the leakage detection module is connected with the super capacitor module, and the positive electrode of the super capacitor module is connected with the execution relay; the leakage detection module monitors the voltage of the super capacitor module in real time, and when the terminal voltage of the super capacitor module drops to the minimum voltage allowed to be output, the leakage compensation module outputsThe control signal is effective, the leakage compensation module is controlled to be started, then the battery supplements electric energy for the super capacitor module through the leakage compensation module until the terminal voltage of the super capacitor module reaches the highest voltage which is allowed to be output, and the leakage detection module outputs the control signal/>And (3) invalidating the electric leakage compensation module to stop working.
In order to prevent the direct output of the super capacitor module from causing unnecessary short circuit outside, an execution relay is added, and the relay is used for controlling the on-off of the super capacitor module and the outside. When a user needs to put the supercapacitor module into use, the relay is driven to connect the module with the outside through an external applied signal (Kclose +, kclose-) and simultaneously the leakage compensation loop is disconnected; when the user does not need to put the module into use, the relay is driven by an external applied signal (Kopen+, kopen-) to disconnect the module from the outside, and meanwhile, the leakage compensation loop is connected.
To ensure that the energy of the battery is sufficient to compensate for the leakage current loss of the super capacitor module within the expected time, the energy stored by the battery should satisfy the following conditions:
VBATCBAT≥VSCILK_AVGT
Wherein V BAT is the battery voltage, C BAT is the battery capacity, V SC is the super capacitor module voltage, I LK_AVG is the average leakage current of the super capacitor, and T is the expected dwell time of the super capacitor.
Based on the above, according to different super capacitor leakage current indexes and application occasions, batteries or battery packs with different capacities can be selected. Among the batteries, the lithium battery has a higher energy density, which means the same capacity, and the lithium battery is lighter in weight and volume. Therefore, the design selects a lithium battery as a leakage compensation power supply.
As described above, the lithium battery can greatly reduce the weight and volume of the machine, which is very beneficial to the portability of the final product. On the basis, the design is compatible with a secondary lithium battery, and when a user only needs to meet the single use requirement, a non-chargeable primary lithium battery can be selected; when the user needs to meet the requirement of repeated recycling, a rechargeable secondary lithium battery is selected.
As shown in fig. 2, the leakage detection module includes an input end, the input end is connected to the negative electrode of the zener diode ZD1, the positive electrode of the zener diode ZD1 is grounded, the input end is connected to resistors R1, R2 and R3 sequentially connected in series to form a voltage dividing network, the resistor R3 is grounded, the +input end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected between the resistors R1 and R2, the voltage comparator U1-input end is connected to a standard voltage, the output end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected to the driver U2, the output end of the driver U2 is connected to the G pin of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1, the G pin of the N-channel MOS transistor Q2 and the G pin of the P-channel MOS transistor Q3, the S pin of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the input end Vout, the S pin of the N-channel MOS transistor Q2 is grounded, the D pin of the P-channel MOS transistor Q3 is connected between the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, and the S pin of the P-channel MOS transistor Q3 is grounded.
After the super capacitor module is charged, the terminal voltage of the super capacitor module is gradually reduced along with the extension of time under the influence of self leakage current. Therefore, whether the leakage compensation is performed can be determined by judging the drop of the terminal voltage of the super capacitor module. Vsense is used for proportionally collecting the terminal voltage of the super capacitor module through a voltage division network formed by R1, R2 and R3. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the leakage detection module from being directly damaged due to the fact that the Vsense input voltage is too high, ZD1 is added to achieve overvoltage protection. ZD1 breaks down when Vsense is over-voltage, protecting the subsequent circuitry from damage.
The voltage comparator U1 compares the terminal voltage acquisition signal with a voltage reference signal and outputs a corresponding level signal. The level signal output by the comparator U1 is subjected to power amplification by the driver U2, and then a driving signal is output to drive the corresponding MOS transistor to act.
When the end voltage of the super capacitor module is normal, namely the Vsense voltage is higher than the set minimum voltage Vmin, U1 outputs a high level, U2 outputs a low level, Q1 is conducted, Q2 and Q3 are turned off, and Vout outputs a high level signal; when the voltage of the super capacitor module is abnormal, namely the Vsense voltage is lower than the set minimum voltage Vmin, U1 outputs a low level, U2 outputs a high level, Q1 is turned off, Q2 and Q3 are turned on, and Vout outputs a low level signal. The introduction of Q3 can realize Vsense hysteresis voltage control.
During the process of Vsense < Vmin and positive charging step-up, vout keeps outputting low level, Q3 is conducted, R3 is short-circuited, and the voltage input to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator U1 isWhen Vsense rises to/>When the output levels of U1 and U2 are turned over, the output of Vout is turned to be high level, Q3 is turned off, R3 is added into the voltage dividing circuit again, and the voltage input to the non-inverting terminal of the comparator U1 becomes/>When Vsense > Vmin and the voltage is gradually reduced, vout keeps outputting high level, Q3 is turned off until/>Vout output level jumps and Q3 turns on again. Accordingly, the operation curve of the leakage detection module is shown in fig. 4. Wherein:
In summary, the leakage detection module has the following characteristics:
1) Low power consumption. Typically, the input current to the comparator is very low and negligible. When the Vsense voltage is lower, namely the sampling voltage of the super capacitor module is very low, the input current can be limited to a lower level by adjusting the resistance value of the voltage dividing resistor network, so that the circuit power consumption of the voltage detection part is reduced. In addition, the comparator outputs only a logic level signal, which has extremely small driving current, in other words, the comparator output power consumption is extremely low. Furthermore, the MOS transistor driver only drives the MOS transistor with lower threshold voltage, the MOS transistor input capacitance Ciss is extremely small, the MOS transistor is usually in a pF stage, and the loss generated in the driving process is also relatively small. Comprehensive knowledge shows that the electric leakage detection module has extremely low working power consumption.
2) The anti-interference performance is strong. The whole circuit adopts a hysteresis control mode and has stronger anti-interference capability. When the input detection voltage Vsense fluctuates slightly, the output signal Vout is stably maintained at a certain level as long as the fluctuation range does not exceed the set hysteresis voltage section, without frequent jitter or malfunction.
3) The output driving capability is strong. The comparator in the circuit does not directly output to Vout, but drives a pair of MOS pair transistors through a drive amplifier to form an output signal. It can be seen that the output logic level signal of the comparator is actually subjected to two-stage power amplification before being finally output to Vout. Therefore, vout can directly drive the MOS transistor of the subsequent circuit to act, and the subsequent circuit design is simplified.
As shown in fig. 3, the leakage compensation module includes a negative electrode of a diode D1 connected to one end of the execution relay, a positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected to a resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to an output end of the boost power module M1 and a positive electrode of the capacitor C1, the negative electrode of the capacitor C1 is grounded, an input end of the boost power module is connected to an output end of the relay K1, an input end of the relay K1 and a control end of the relay K1 are connected to a positive electrode of the battery BAT1, a negative electrode of the battery BAT1 is grounded, the other control end of the relay K1 is connected to resistors R5 and R6 and a D pin of the N-channel MOS Q5, an S pin of the N-channel MOS Q5 is grounded, the other end of the N-channel MOS Q6 and a D pin of the N-channel MOS Q4 are grounded, the other end of the G pin of the N-channel MOS Q4 is connected to one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded.
Practical tests show that the long-time leakage current of the super capacitor module is often several uA, and the standby power consumption of most current power modules is often several uA to tens of uA, therefore, the battery capacity can be reduced in advance by simply utilizing the standby function of the power module, and the long-time pressure maintaining requirement of the super capacitor is difficult to meet. For this reason, the on/off circuit of the leakage compensation power supply needs to be designed specifically. And manufacturing a boosting power supply module M1 matched with the voltage of the super capacitor module, boosting the battery voltage into a specified voltage class, and then carrying out current-limiting charging on the super capacitor module through R7 and D1. Meanwhile, the on-off of the battery BAT1 and the boost power supply module M1 is controlled through the relay K1, and a corresponding driving circuit is designed throughThe signal drives the relay K1 to be switched on and off.
When (when)When the signal is at a low level, the voltage of the grid electrode of the Q4 is close to 0V and is in an off state, at the moment, the BAT1 charges the grid electrode of the Q5 through the control coil of the relay K1 and the R6, the Q5 is conducted, the relay K1 is driven to be conducted, the BAT1 is connected with the M1, and the battery starts to perform leakage compensation on the super capacitor module;
When (when) When the signal is in a high level, the grid electrode of the Q4 is charged, the Q4 is driven to be conducted, the grid electrode voltage of the Q5 is pulled down to be close to 0V by the Q4, the Q5 is turned off, the relay K1 is further turned off, the BAT1 is turned off from the M1, and the battery stops conducting leakage compensation on the super capacitor module;
During the disconnection period of the battery and the leakage compensation power supply module, the leakage compensation power supply module is completely powered off to stop working, so that a large amount of loss caused by accumulation of the power supply module due to long-time standby is avoided, and unnecessary consumption of the battery electric quantity is avoided. Therefore, the battery power is well saved, and the super capacitor module is supported to supplement power for a very long time.
On the basis, R7 is adjusted to set the maximum charging current to be far larger than the self leakage current of the super capacitor, and the leakage compensation time is obviously far smaller than the pressure maintaining time of the super capacitor module according to energy conservation. That is, the accumulated leakage compensation time is short in a predetermined time. Considering the efficiency problem of the leakage compensation power supply module, the method can greatly reduce the loss in the leakage compensation process, thereby being beneficial to saving the electric quantity of the battery and prolonging the pressure maintaining time of the battery.
In summary, a schematic diagram 5 of the pressure maintaining process of the super capacitor module can be drawn.
The safety design is mainly used for protecting the safety of users and internal circuit modules. In order to ensure the safety of users, voltages higher than 36V need to be strictly controlled so as to prevent electric shock hazard. In the design, the rechargeable lithium battery is a single lithium battery, the maximum voltage is 4.2V, the personal safety problem of a user is not required to be considered, and the external port of the super capacitor module is required to be protected. Once the module voltage is higher than 36V, electric shock accidents are very likely to occur under the condition of no external protection measures. Therefore, the lead wire of the super capacitor module is not directly connected to the external port, but is output through an external controllable switch. Under normal conditions, the external port is disconnected with the built-in super capacitor module; only when the user needs to use electricity, the user can switch on the two by applying an external signal. This maximizes the security of the user. Meanwhile, the design effectively eliminates unnecessary short circuit of the external port, and potential risks such as lead arcing, port burning and the like are avoided. In addition, the rechargeable lithium battery also performs necessary protection, and a charge and discharge protection circuit is arranged in the lithium battery, and the explosion risk caused by improper use of the built-in lithium battery is effectively avoided, wherein the protection circuit comprises under-voltage protection, over-voltage protection, short-circuit protection, over-temperature protection and the like.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a super capacitor module superlong-time pressurize circuit which characterized in that: the device comprises a battery, a leakage detection module, a leakage compensation module and an execution relay, wherein the battery is connected with the leakage compensation module, the output of the leakage compensation module is connected with the execution relay, the sampling signal end of the leakage compensation module is connected with the leakage detection module, the leakage detection module is connected with a super capacitor module, and the positive electrode of the super capacitor module is connected with the execution relay; the leakage detection module monitors the voltage of the super capacitor module in real time, when the terminal voltage of the super capacitor module drops to the minimum voltage allowed to be output, the leakage compensation module outputs a control signal effectively to control the leakage compensation module to be started, then the battery supplements electric energy to the super capacitor module through the leakage compensation module until the terminal voltage of the super capacitor module reaches the maximum voltage allowed to be output, at the moment, the leakage detection module outputs the control signal ineffective, and the leakage compensation module stops working; the energy stored by the battery should satisfy the following conditions: v BATCBAT≥VSCILK_AVG T, wherein V BAT is the battery voltage, C BAT is the battery capacity, V sc is the supercapacitor module voltage, I LK_AVG is the supercapacitor average leakage current, and T is the supercapacitor expected dwell time; the leakage detection module comprises an input end, wherein the input end is connected with the cathode of a zener diode ZD1, the anode of the zener diode ZD1 is grounded, the input end is connected with resistors R1, R2 and R3 which are sequentially connected in series to form a voltage division network, the resistor R3 is grounded, the + input end of a voltage comparator U1 is connected between the resistors R1 and R2, the input end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with standard voltage, the output end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with a driver U2, the output end of the driver U2 is connected with the G pin of a P-channel MOS tube Q1, the G pin of an N-channel MOS tube Q2 and the G pin of a P-channel MOS tube Q3, the S pin of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 is connected with the output end V out of the D pin of the N-channel MOS tube Q2, the S pin of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is grounded, the D pin of the P-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected between the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, and the S pin of the P-channel MOS tube Q3 is grounded;
Determining whether to perform leakage compensation by judging the drop of the terminal voltage of the super capacitor module; the input end Vsense of the electric leakage detection module is used for collecting the end voltage of the super capacitor module according to a proportion through a voltage division network formed by R1, R2 and R3; meanwhile, in order to prevent the electric leakage detection module from being directly damaged due to the fact that the input voltage of the Vsense is too high, ZD1 is added to achieve overvoltage protection; when Vsense is over-voltage, ZD1 breaks down, protecting subsequent circuits from damage; the voltage comparator U1 compares the terminal voltage acquisition signal with a standard voltage and outputs a corresponding level signal; the level signal output by the comparator U1 is subjected to power amplification by the driver U2, and then a driving signal is output to drive the corresponding MOS transistor to act; when the end voltage of the super capacitor module is normal, namely the Vsense voltage is higher than the set minimum voltage Vmin, U1 outputs a high level, U2 outputs a low level, Q1 is conducted, Q2 and Q3 are turned off, and Vout outputs a high level signal; when the voltage of the super capacitor module is abnormal, namely the Vsense voltage is lower than the set minimum voltage Vmin, U1 outputs a low level, U2 outputs a high level, Q1 is turned off, Q2 and Q3 are turned on, and Vout outputs a low level signal; q3 is introduced to realize Vsense hysteresis voltage control; during the process of Vsense < Vmin and positive charging step-up, vout keeps outputting low level, Q3 is conducted, R3 is short-circuited, and the voltage input to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator U1 is When Vsense rises to/>When the output levels of U1 and U2 are turned over, the output of Vout is turned to be high level, Q3 is turned off, R3 is added into the voltage dividing circuit again, and the voltage input to the non-inverting terminal of the comparator U1 becomes/>When Vsense > Vmin and the voltage is gradually reduced, vout keeps outputting high level, Q3 is turned off until/>Vout output level jumps and Q3 is turned on again; wherein V ref represents a standard voltage;
The leakage compensation module comprises a negative electrode of a diode D1 connected with one end point of the execution relay, a positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected with a resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the output end of the boosting power module M1 and the positive electrode of a capacitor C1, the negative electrode of the capacitor C1 is grounded, the input end of the boosting power module is connected with the output end of the relay K1, the input end of the relay K1 and one control end of the relay K1 are connected with the positive electrode of the battery BAT1, the negative electrode of the battery BAT1 is grounded, the other control end of the relay K1 is connected with resistors R5 and R6 and the D pin of an N-channel MOS tube Q5, the S pin of the N-channel MOS tube Q5 is grounded, the G pin of the N-channel MOS tube Q5 is connected with the other end of the resistor R5 and one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded.
2. The super capacitor module ultra-long time dwell circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the execution relay controls the on-off of the super capacitor module and the outside, and when a user needs the super capacitor module to be put into use, the execution relay is driven to connect the super capacitor module with the outside through external application signals, and meanwhile, the leakage compensation loop is disconnected; when the user does not need to put the super capacitor module into use, the super capacitor module is disconnected from the outside by driving the execution relay through an external application signal, and meanwhile, the leakage compensation loop is connected.
3. The super capacitor module ultra-long time dwell circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the battery is a lithium battery, and when a user only needs to meet the single use requirement, the lithium battery is a non-chargeable primary lithium battery; when the user needs to meet the requirement of repeated recycling, the lithium battery is a rechargeable secondary lithium battery.
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| CN108054808A (en) | 2018-05-18 |
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