CN108048681A - A kind of in-situ synthesis of boride chromium enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of in-situ synthesis of boride chromium enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108048681A
CN108048681A CN201711394960.0A CN201711394960A CN108048681A CN 108048681 A CN108048681 A CN 108048681A CN 201711394960 A CN201711394960 A CN 201711394960A CN 108048681 A CN108048681 A CN 108048681A
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crb
base composites
preparation
enhance
situ
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Inventor
罗平
董仕节
汤臣
张艳华
蓝彬栩
陈晨
王义金
胡东伟
夏露
肖瑶
李智
覃富城
王冲
杨祺
邓宇鑫
张海
张海一
晁飞扬
王书文
徐小涵
张佳琪
陈岗
方泽成
邵轩宇
夏宇欣
左雨菲
丁文祥
易少杰
陈成
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Hubei University of Technology
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Hubei University of Technology
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Priority to CN201711394960.0A priority Critical patent/CN108048681A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/17—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by forging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance the preparation method of Cu-base composites, chromium powder and boron powder are subjected to ball milling first, obtain CrB2Presoma；Then by CrB2Presoma and pure copper powder carry out wet ball grinding, obtain mixture；Obtained mixture is dried successively, the processing of cold moudling, sintering and forging and stamping, obtains fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance Cu-base composites.The present invention also provides the fabricated in situ CrB that above-mentioned preparation method obtains2Enhance Cu-base composites and its application as spot-wedling electrode.Method provided by the invention effectively increases CrB2Enhance the hardness and wear-resisting property of Cu-base composites.Embodiment the result shows that, the CrB that the method for the invention is prepared2The hardness of Cu-base composites is above 245HV, and electrode life is up to 2750 points.

Description

A kind of in-situ synthesis of boride chromium enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal-base composites technical fields, relate generally to fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance Cu-base composites And its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Resistance spot welding is the major way of current vehicle body production.According to statistics, the spot welding cost of any is 5 cents, production one Car will weld at 3000 points, and cost is 150 dollars, and the 1/2-3/4 of cost comes from the using and be lost of spot-wedling electrode.In sedan-chair A car needs to weld 7000-12000 points on vehicle body assembling line.In pinpoint welding procedure, spot-wedling electrode will bear machinery repeatedly The effect of power and heat, is inevitably plastically deformed.And electrode hardness is low and wearing no resistance can cause plastic deformation serious, The direct result of electrode plastic deformation can cause current density in welding process to reduce, and then make the joule generated in welding process Heat is reduced, and finally influences quality of welding spot.It can be seen that if some effective measures can be taken to improve the hardness of electrodes and wear-resisting Performance, it will weaken the plastic deformability of electrode, so as to extend the service life of electrode.
At present, common electrode material has Cu-base composites, is mostly enhanced using the method for dispersion-strengtherning copper-based compound The hardness and wearability of material.Dispersion-strengtherning be one kind by being directly added into enhancing phase in basis material, it is compound so as to improve The method of material hardness.In the prior art, the hardness and wearability of the Cu-base composites obtained by dispersion-strengtherning still compared with It is low, limit application of the Cu-base composites in spot-wedling electrode field.
The content of the invention
In order to improve the hardness of Cu-base composites and wearability, the present invention provides a kind of fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance copper Based composites and its preparation method and application.
The present invention provides a kind of fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance the preparation method of Cu-base composites, include the following steps：
(1) chromium powder and boron powder are subjected to ball milling, obtain CrB2Presoma；
(2) CrB for obtaining the step (1)2Presoma and pure copper powder carry out wet ball grinding, obtain mixture；
(3) mixture that the step (2) obtains is dried successively, the processing of cold moudling, sintering and forging and stamping, obtained Fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance Cu-base composites.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the ball milling is 300~500 revs/min, and the ratio of grinding media to material of the ball milling is 10~30:1, it is described Ball milling carries out under an inert atmosphere.
Preferably, CrB in the step (2)2Presoma and the mass ratio of pure copper powder are 0.5~2:48~50.
Preferably, the drying in the step (3) is vacuum drying, and the temperature of the drying is 80~100 DEG C, dry Pressure is 0.01~0.1MPa, the dry time for 12~for 24 hours.
Preferably, the temperature of cold moudling is 20~30 DEG C in the step (3).
Preferably, the pressing mode of cold moudling is bidirectional pressing in the step (3), the gross pressure of the bidirectional pressing For 300~500MPa；The dwell time of the cold moudling is 1~3min.
Preferably, sintering carries out under an inert atmosphere in the step (3), and the temperature of the sintering is 900~1050 DEG C； The time of the sintering is 10~30min.
Preferably, the temperature of forging and stamping processing is 500~550 DEG C in the step (3), and the forging and stamping number of processing is 5 ~10 times；The single deformation quantity of the forging and stamping processing is independently below 30%.
The present invention also provides the fabricated in situ CrB being prepared by above-mentioned preparation method2Enhance Cu-base composites, bag Include the CrB of Copper substrate and fabricated in situ2Enhance phase, the CrB2Dispersion of Reinforcement is in the inside of Copper substrate and surface.
The present invention also provides the fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance application of the Cu-base composites as spot-wedling electrode material.
The present invention provides a kind of fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance the preparation method of Cu-base composites, first by chromium powder and boron Powder carries out ball milling, obtains CrB2Presoma；Then by CrB2Presoma and pure copper powder carry out wet ball grinding, obtain mixture；Will To mixture be dried successively, cold moudling, sintering and forging and stamping processing, obtain fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance copper-based composite wood Material.Method provided by the invention passes through fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance phase, by the method for dispersion-strengtherning by CrB2Dispersion of Reinforcement exists Inside Copper substrate and surface, CrB2Angle of wetting between Cu is 25 °, far smaller than 90 ° so that CrB2It can be complete between Cu It dissolves each other entirely, improves the hardness and wearability of Cu-base composites；And the present invention passes through first fabricated in situ CrB2Presoma, then Synthesize CrB2Enhance Cu-base composites, avoid the generation of impurity phase Cr-Cu, Cu-B, further improve CrB2It is copper-based compound The hardness and wearability of material.Embodiment the result shows that, the CrB that the method for the invention is prepared2Cu-base composites Hardness be above 245HV, electrode life is up to 2750 points.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallograph for the copper product that comparative example 1 of the present invention is prepared；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of spot-wedling electrode prepared by comparative example 1~2 of the present invention and Examples 1 to 5；
Fig. 3 is the metallograph for the Cu-base composites that comparative example 2 of the present invention is prepared；
Fig. 4 is the metallograph for the Cu-base composites that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared；
Fig. 5 is the metallograph for the Cu-base composites that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared；
Fig. 6 is the metallograph for the Cu-base composites that the embodiment of the present invention 3 is prepared；
Fig. 7 is the metallograph for the Cu-base composites that the embodiment of the present invention 4 is prepared；
Fig. 8 is the metallograph for the Cu-base composites that the embodiment of the present invention 5 is prepared；
Fig. 9 is the electrode life statistical chart of welding electrode prepared by comparative example 1~2 of the present invention and Examples 1 to 5.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance the preparation method of Cu-base composites, include the following steps：
(1) chromium powder and boron powder are subjected to ball milling, obtain CrB2Presoma；
(2) CrB for obtaining the step (1)2Presoma and pure copper powder carry out wet ball grinding, obtain mixture；
(3) mixture that the step (2) obtains is dried successively, the processing of cold moudling, sintering and forging and stamping, obtained Fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance Cu-base composites.
Chromium powder and boron powder are carried out ball milling by the present invention, obtain CrB2Presoma.In the present invention, the grain size of the chromium powder is excellent Elect 100~200 mesh as, further preferably 120~170 mesh, more preferably 140~170 mesh；The grain size of the boron powder is preferably 200~400 mesh, further preferably 230~325 mesh, more preferably 270~325 mesh.In the present invention, the chromium powder and boron The molar ratio of powder is preferably 1:2.Chromium powder and boron powder of the present invention generates CrB under mechanical ball mill effect2Presoma.
In the present invention, the CrB2Presoma is mainly the metastable phase boron chromium compound that some are made of Cr, B element, Due to its unstable physical property so that the boron zirconium compounds of metastable phase can undergo phase transition acquisition during follow-up sintering CrB2Enhance phase, this is fabricated in situ CrB2Enhancing Cu-base composites provide possibility
In the present invention, the ball milling preferably carries out under an argon atmosphere；The rotating speed of the ball milling is preferably 300~500 Rev/min, further preferably 350~450 revs/min, more preferably 380~420 revs/min.In the present invention, the ball milling when Between be preferably 12~for 24 hours, further preferably 15~22h, more preferably 17~20h.In the present invention, the ball material of the ball milling Than being preferably 10~30:1, further preferably 15~25:1, more preferably 18~22:1.In the present invention, the ball milling is used Abrading-ball and spherical tank material are preferably aluminium oxide, and the diameter of the abrading-ball is preferably 2~8mm, further preferably 5mm.The present invention Using the abrading-ball of oxidation aluminium material and spherical tank material, the generation of by-product in mechanical milling process is avoided.
Obtain CrB2It is of the invention by the obtained CrB after presoma2Presoma and pure copper powder carry out wet ball grinding, obtain Mixture.
In the present invention, the grain size of the pure copper powder is preferably 100~200 mesh, further preferably 120~170 mesh, more Preferably 140~170 mesh；Purity >=99.9% of the pure copper powder.In the present invention, the CrB2Presoma and pure copper powder Mass ratio is preferably (0.5~2):(48~50), further preferably (1~2):(48.5~50), more preferably (1.5~2): (49~50).
In the present invention, the rotating speed of the wet ball grinding is preferably 100~200 revs/min, and further preferably 120~180 Rev/min, more preferably 150~180 revs/min；The time of the wet ball grinding is preferably 5~10h, further preferably 6~9h, More preferably 7~8h；The ratio of grinding media to material of the wet ball grinding is preferably 1~10:1, further preferably 3~8:1, more preferably 5 ~6:1；The abrading-ball of the wet ball grinding and the material of spherical tank are preferably aluminium oxide, and the ball radius is preferably 2~8mm, into One step is preferably 5mm.The present invention avoids the production of by-product in mechanical milling process using the abrading-ball of oxidation aluminium material and spherical tank material It is raw.In the present invention, the medium of the wet ball grinding is preferably absolute ethyl alcohol；The dosage of the absolute ethyl alcohol is preferably complete with energy It oozes and does not have subject to powder and abrading-ball.
The present invention realizes CrB using wet ball grinding2The uniform mixing of presoma and pure copper powder, obtains including CrB2Presoma With the mixture of pure copper powder, the reunion between abrasive material is avoided, and wet ball grinding is conducive to separate between abrasive material and abrading-ball, nothing Pollution.
The present invention is by being first prepared in situ CrB2Presoma, then mixed with copper powder, with reference to subsequent compacting and sintering, obtain The CrB of fabricated in situ2Enhance Cu-base composites, avoid, by chromium powder, boron powder and copper powder together ball milling, generating intermetallic compound The problem of Cr-Cu, Cu-B impurity phase.
After obtaining mixture, the present invention obtained mixture is dried successively, at cold moudling, sintering and forging and stamping Reason, obtains fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance Cu-base composites.
In the present invention, the drying is preferably to be dried in vacuo, and the pressure of the drying is preferably 0.01~0.1MPa, into One step is preferably 0.05~0.1MPa, more preferably 0.08~0.1MPa；The temperature of the drying is preferably 80~100 DEG C, into One step is preferably 85~95 DEG C, more preferably 90~95 DEG C；The time of the drying is preferably 12~for 24 hours, further preferably 15~20h.The present invention eliminates the solvent on the mixture surface by drying process.
In the present invention, the preferably bidirectional pressure of the pressing mode of the cold moudling, the gross pressure of the bidirectional pressing Preferably 300~500MPa, further preferably 350~450MPa, more preferably 400~450MPa.In the present invention, it is described The temperature of cold moudling is preferably 20~30 DEG C, further preferably 25~30 DEG C；The dwell time of the cold moudling is preferred For 1~3min, further preferably 2~3min.In the present invention, the green compact diameter of the cold moudling be preferably 35~ 45mm, further preferably 40mm.
The present invention is handled by cold moudling so that CrB2Fine and close consolidation between presoma and pure copper powder, and then improve The fabricated in situ CrB being finally prepared2Enhance the consistency of Cu-base composites.Fabricated in situ CrB of the present invention2Enhancing The relative density of Cu-base composites is up to more than 95%.
In the present invention, the sintering preferably carries out under an argon atmosphere, and the gas flow of the argon gas is preferably 1~ 3L/min, further preferably 2~3L/min.In the present invention, the temperature of the sintering is preferably 900~1050 DEG C, into one Step is preferably 950~1000 DEG C；The time of the sintering is preferably 10~30min, further preferably 15~25min, more excellent Elect 20~25min as.
The present invention makes CrB by sintering processes2Precursor in situ is changed into CrB2Enhance phase, while CrB2Enhancing phase and copper Powder is in sintering process, CrB2Enhancing is mutually evenly distributed on inside Copper substrate, improves the performance of prepared Cu-base composites, Make prepared Cu-base composites that there is higher hardness and wearability.
In the present invention, the temperature of the forging and stamping processing is preferably 500~550 DEG C, further preferably 510~540 DEG C, More preferably 520~530 DEG C；The forging and stamping number of processing is preferably 5~10 times, further preferably 6~8 times.The present invention In the forging and stamping processing procedure, single deformation quantity is independently preferably less than 30%, further preferably 10%~30%, more excellent Elect 15%~25% as.The present invention is handled by forging and stamping, improves the fabricated in situ CrB being finally prepared2Enhance copper-based multiple The hardness of condensation material.
The present invention also provides the fabricated in situ CrB that above-mentioned preparation method is prepared2Enhance Cu-base composites, including The CrB of Copper substrate and fabricated in situ2Enhance phase, the CrB2Dispersion of Reinforcement is in the inside of Copper substrate and surface.
Fabricated in situ CrB provided by the invention2Enhancing Cu-base composites can be used as welding electrode materials'use.This hair The fabricated in situ CrB of bright offer2Enhancing Cu-base composites can obtain spot welding after machining and cold extrusion is handled successively The Cu-base composites of electrode.
With reference to embodiment to fabricated in situ CrB provided by the invention2Enhance Cu-base composites and preparation method thereof It is described in detail with application, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Comparative example 1
By the pure copper powder that granularity is 200 mesh, by bidirectional pressing, pressurize 2 minutes under 350MPa pressure, green compact is a diameter of 40 millimeters, green compact draw ratio is 1：2.In flow under 2L/min ar gas environments, to be sintered green compact at 950 DEG C, during heat preservation Between 30min.Under the conditions of control single deformation quantity is less than 10%, sintered green compact at 550 DEG C forge and press 10 times repeatedly, Final diameter direction deformation quantity is about 50%, and length direction deformation quantity is about 300%, and material diameter is about 20mm after processing, long Degree about 40mm, relative density 99.2%.
Metallographic structure observation is carried out to the copper product of preparation, the results are shown in Figure 1.
Will treated material by machining and subsequent cold-extrusion technology, be processed into the point of shape shown in Fig. 2 and size Welding electrode.
Comparative example 2
0.5g granularities are weighed as 200 purpose, two chromium boride (CrB2), with 49.5g pure copper powders 200 revs/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, Ball-milling Time 10h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1, abundant mixing under soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol environment, abrading-ball and spherical tank material are aluminium oxide, mill Bulb diameter is 5mm.By the powder after ball milling under 0.01MPa, when 95 DEG C of drying times 24 are small.By the powder after vacuum drying End by bidirectional pressing, keeps the temperature 3min, a diameter of 40mm of green compact under 500MPa, and green compact draw ratio is 1：2.It is 3 in flow Under liter/min ar gas environment, green compact is sintered at 1050 DEG C, soaking time 30 minutes.It is less than in control single deformation quantity Under the conditions of 10%, sintered green compact at 550 DEG C forge and press 10 times repeatedly, final diameter direction deformation quantity is about 50%, Length direction deformation quantity is about 300%, obtains CrB2Enhance Cu-base composites, CrB after processing2Enhance Cu-base composites Diameter is about 20mm, and length is about 40mm, relative density 99.2%.
To the CrB of preparation2Enhance Cu-base composites and carry out metallographic structure observation, the results are shown in Figure 3.
Will treated material by machining and subsequent cold-extrusion technology, be processed into the point of shape shown in Fig. 2 and size Welding electrode.
Embodiment 1
The chromium powder of total amount 10g and boron powder are weighed, the molar ratio of wherein chromium powder and boron powder is 1:2, the granularity of chromium powder and boron powder It is 200 mesh, purity >=99.99, chromium powder and the boron sphere of powder is ground into 12h, control 350 revs/min of rotating speed, the ratio of grinding media to material 10 of ball milling: 1, the material of abrading-ball and spherical tank is aluminium oxide, ball radius 5mm.Mechanical milling process is protected in argon gas of the purity more than 99.9% It is completed under environment, obtains CrB2Presoma.
By 0.5gCrB2Presoma is in 120 revs/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, ratio of grinding media to material with the pure copper powder that 49.5g granularities are 200 mesh 2:1 and anhydrous ethanol medium in, ball milling 10 obtains mixture when small, and the material of abrading-ball and spherical tank is aluminium oxide, abrading-ball A diameter of 5mm.
By the mixture after ball milling under pressure 0.01MPa, when 80 DEG C of drying times 24 are small.It will be mixed after vacuum drying Object is closed, by bidirectional pressing, at 20 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 minutes under 300MPa, a diameter of 40mm of green compact.
Green compact after shaping is sintered 30min under argon gas protection environment, controls 2 liters/min of argon gas flow, sintering temperature 900 DEG C, obtain green compact.
Under the conditions of control single deformation quantity is less than 10%, sintered green compact at 500 DEG C forge and press 10 times repeatedly, Final diameter direction deformation quantity is about 50%, and length direction deformation quantity is about 300%, obtains fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance copper-based multiple Condensation material, fabricated in situ CrB after processing2The diameter of enhancing Cu-base composites is about 20mm, and length is about 40mm, relative density For 98.2%.
To the fabricated in situ CrB of preparation2Enhance Cu-base composites and carry out metallographic structure observation, the results are shown in Figure 4.
Will treated material by machining and subsequent cold-extrusion technology, be processed into the point of shape shown in Fig. 2 and size Welding electrode.
Embodiment 2
The chromium powder of total amount 10g and boron powder are weighed, wherein chromium powder and boron powder molar ratio is 1:2, chromium powder and boron Powder Particle Size are Chromium powder and the boron sphere of powder are ground 18h, control 400 revs/min of rotating speed, the ratio of grinding media to material 20 of ball milling by 200 mesh, purity >=99.99:1, mill The material of ball and spherical tank is aluminium oxide, ball radius 5mm.Mechanical milling process is more than 99.9% argon gas protection environment in purity Lower completion, obtains CrB2Presoma.
By 1gCrB2Presoma and 49g granularities are the pure copper powder of 200 mesh in 150 revs/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, ratio of grinding media to material 4:1 And in anhydrous ethanol medium, ball milling 8 obtains mixture when small, and abrading-ball and spherical tank material are aluminium oxide, and ball radius is 5mm。
By the mixture after ball milling under pressure 0.03MPa, when 85 DEG C of drying times 20 are small.It will be mixed after vacuum drying Object is closed, by bidirectional pressing, at 20 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 minutes under 400MPa, a diameter of 40mm of green compact.
Green compact after shaping is sintered 30min under argon gas protection environment, controls 3 liters/min of argon gas flow, sintering temperature 950 DEG C, obtain green compact.
Under the conditions of control single deformation quantity is less than 20%, sintered green compact at 550 DEG C forge and press 5 times repeatedly, Final diameter direction deformation quantity is about 50%, and length direction deformation quantity is about 300%, obtains fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance copper-based multiple Condensation material, fabricated in situ CrB after processing2The diameter of enhancing Cu-base composites is about 20mm, and length is about 40mm, relative density For 98.6%.
To the fabricated in situ CrB of preparation2Enhance Cu-base composites and carry out metallographic structure observation, the results are shown in Figure 5.
Will treated material by machining and subsequent cold-extrusion technology, be processed into the point of shape shown in Fig. 2 and size Welding electrode.
Implementation column 3
The chromium powder of total amount 10g and boron powder are weighed, the wherein molar ratio of chromium powder and boron powder is 1:2, chromium powder and boron Powder Particle Size are equal For 200 mesh, purity >=99.99, chromium powder and the boron sphere of powder are ground for 24 hours, control 500 revs/min of rotating speed, the ratio of grinding media to material 30 of ball milling:1, The material of abrading-ball and spherical tank is aluminium oxide, ball radius 5mm.Mechanical milling process is more than 99.9% argon gas protection ring in purity It is completed under border, obtains CrB2Presoma.
By 1.5gCrB2Presoma is in 180 revs/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, ratio of grinding media to material with the pure copper powder that 48.5g granularities are 200 mesh 6:1 and anhydrous ethanol medium in, ball milling 6 obtains mixture when small, and the material of abrading-ball and spherical tank is aluminium oxide, and abrading-ball is straight Footpath is 5mm.
By the mixture after ball milling under pressure 0.05MPa, when 90 DEG C of drying times 18 are small.It will be mixed after vacuum drying Object is closed, by bidirectional pressing, at 30 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1 minute under 500MPa, a diameter of 40mm of green compact.
Green compact after shaping is sintered 20min under argon gas protection environment, controls 3 liters/min of argon gas flow, sintering temperature 1000 DEG C, obtain green compact.
Under the conditions of control single deformation quantity is less than 30%, sintered green compact at 550 DEG C forge and press 10 times repeatedly, Final diameter direction deformation quantity is about 50%, and length direction deformation quantity is about 300%, obtains fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance copper-based multiple Condensation material, fabricated in situ CrB after processing2The diameter of enhancing Cu-base composites is about 20mm, and length is about 40mm, relative density For 99.6%.
To the fabricated in situ CrB of preparation2Enhance Cu-base composites and carry out metallographic structure observation, the results are shown in Figure 6.
Will treated material by machining and subsequent cold-extrusion technology, be processed into the point of shape shown in Fig. 2 and size Welding electrode.
Embodiment 4
The chromium powder of total amount 10g and boron powder are weighed, the wherein molar ratio of chromium powder and boron powder is 2:1, the granularity of chromium powder and boron powder It is 200 mesh, purity >=99.99, chromium powder and the boron sphere of powder is ground for 24 hours, control 500 revs/min of rotating speed, the ratio of grinding media to material 30 of ball milling: 1, the material of abrading-ball and spherical tank is aluminium oxide, ball radius 5mm.Mechanical milling process is protected in argon gas of the purity more than 99.9% It is completed under environment, obtains CrB2Presoma.
By 2gCrB2Presoma and 48g granularities are the pure copper powder of 200 mesh in 200 revs/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1 And in anhydrous ethanol medium, ball milling 5 obtains mixture when small, and the material of abrading-ball and spherical tank is aluminium oxide, ball radius For 5mm.
By the mixture after ball milling under pressure 0.08MPa, when 95 DEG C of drying times 16 are small.It will be mixed after vacuum drying Object is closed, by bidirectional pressing, at 30 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1 minute under 500MPa, a diameter of 40mm of green compact.
Green compact after shaping is sintered 30min under argon gas protection environment, controls 3 liters/min of argon gas flow, sintering temperature 1050 DEG C, obtain green compact.
Under the conditions of control single deformation quantity is less than 10%, sintered green compact at 550 DEG C forge and press 10 times repeatedly, Final diameter direction deformation quantity is about 50%, and length direction deformation quantity is about 300%, obtains fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance copper-based multiple Condensation material, fabricated in situ CrB after processing2The diameter of enhancing Cu-base composites is about 20mm, and length is about 40mm, relative density For 98.9%.
To the fabricated in situ CrB of preparation2Enhance Cu-base composites and carry out metallographic structure observation, the results are shown in Figure 7.
Will treated material by machining and subsequent cold-extrusion technology, be processed into the point of shape shown in Fig. 2 and size Welding electrode.
Embodiment 5
The chromium powder of total amount 10g and boron powder are weighed, the wherein molar ratio of chromium powder and boron powder is 1:2, the granularity of chromium powder and boron powder It is 200 mesh, purity >=99.99, chromium powder and the boron sphere of powder is ground for 24 hours, control 500 revs/min of rotating speed, the ratio of grinding media to material 30 of ball milling: 1, the material of abrading-ball and spherical tank is aluminium oxide, ball radius 5mm.Mechanical milling process is protected in argon gas of the purity more than 99.9% It is completed under environment, obtains CrB2Presoma.
By 2.5gCrB2Presoma is in 100 revs/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, ratio of grinding media to material with the pure copper powder that 47.5g granularities are 200 mesh 10:1 and anhydrous ethanol medium in, ball milling 8 obtains mixture when small, and the material of abrading-ball and spherical tank is aluminium oxide, abrading-ball A diameter of 5mm.
By the mixture after ball milling under pressure 0.1MPa, when 100 DEG C of drying times 12 are small.It will be mixed after vacuum drying Object is closed, by bidirectional pressing, at 20 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2 minutes under 500MPa, a diameter of 40mm of green compact.
Green compact after shaping is sintered 30min under argon gas protection environment, controls 3 liters/min of argon gas flow, sintering temperature 1050 DEG C, obtain green compact.
Under the conditions of control single deformation quantity is less than 10%, sintered green compact at 550 DEG C forge and press 10 times repeatedly, Final diameter direction deformation quantity is about 50%, and length direction deformation quantity is about 300%, obtains fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance copper-based multiple Condensation material, fabricated in situ CrB after processing2The diameter of enhancing Cu-base composites is about 20mm, and length is about 40mm, relative density For 98.0%.
To the fabricated in situ CrB of preparation2Enhance Cu-base composites and carry out metallographic structure observation, the results are shown in Figure 8.
Will treated material by machining and subsequent cold-extrusion technology, be processed into the point of shape shown in Fig. 2 and size Welding electrode.
The spot-wedling electrode being processed into the Cu-base composites that comparative example 1~2 and Examples 1 to 5 are prepared is in phase With the life tests under welding parameter, the results are shown in Figure 9.As shown in Figure 9, using point prepared by Cu-base composites of the present invention Welding electrode has longer service life.
The Cu-base composites that comparative example 1~2 and Examples 1 to 5 are prepared carry out hardness, relative density, electrode Service life and electrical conductivity, the results are shown in Table 1；Wherein, the measurement standard of hardness is GB/T4340.1-2009；Relative density=reality Border density ÷ theoretical density × 100%；The measurement standard of electrode life is AWS-W-6858A；The measurement standard of electrical conductivity is YS- T478-2005。
The performance comparison for the Cu-base composites that 1 comparative example 1~2 of table is prepared with Examples 1 to 5
According to 1 test result of table, the preparation method of Cu-base composites provided by the invention can significantly improve copper The hardness of based composites.The electrode life of Cu-base composites provided by the present invention understands, provided by the invention copper-based multiple Condensation material wearability is preferable.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of fabricated in situ CrB2Enhance the preparation method of Cu-base composites, include the following steps：
(1) chromium powder and boron powder are subjected to ball milling, obtain CrB2Presoma；
(2) CrB for obtaining the step (1)2Presoma and pure copper powder carry out wet ball grinding, obtain mixture；
(3) mixture that the step (2) obtains is dried successively, the processing of cold moudling, sintering and forging and stamping, obtains original position Synthesize CrB2Enhance Cu-base composites.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1) rotating speed of ball milling for 300~ 500 revs/min, the ratio of grinding media to material of the ball milling is 10~30:1, the ball milling carries out under an inert atmosphere.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that CrB in the step (2)2Presoma and pure copper powder Mass ratio is 0.5~2:48~50.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drying in the step (3) is is dried in vacuo, institute Dry temperature is stated as 80~100 DEG C, dry pressure is 0.01~0.1MPa, the dry time for 12~for 24 hours.
5. the preparation method according to claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that the temperature of cold moudling is in the step (3) 20~30 DEG C.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the pressing mode of cold moudling in the step (3) For bidirectional pressing, the gross pressure of the bidirectional pressing is 300~500MPa；The dwell time of the cold moudling is 1~3min.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (3) sintering under an inert atmosphere into Row, the temperature of the sintering is 900~1050 DEG C；The time of the sintering is 10~30min.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature of forging and stamping processing is 500 in the step (3) ~550 DEG C, the forging and stamping number of processing is 5~10 times；The single deformation quantity of the forging and stamping processing is independently below 30%.
9. the fabricated in situ CrB that any one of claim 1~8 preparation method is prepared2Enhance Cu-base composites, bag Include the CrB of Copper substrate and fabricated in situ2Enhance phase, the CrB2Dispersion of Reinforcement is in the inside of Copper substrate and surface.
10. a kind of fabricated in situ CrB described in claim 92Enhance application of the Cu-base composites as spot-wedling electrode material.
CN201711394960.0A 2017-12-21 2017-12-21 A kind of in-situ synthesis of boride chromium enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application Pending CN108048681A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104498766A (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-04-08 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Thermal expansion coefficient adjustable Cu heat sink and preparation method thereof
CN104988438A (en) * 2015-07-24 2015-10-21 湖北工业大学 High-strength and high-conductivity carbon nano tube strengthening copper-based composite material and preparing method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104498766A (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-04-08 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Thermal expansion coefficient adjustable Cu heat sink and preparation method thereof
CN104988438A (en) * 2015-07-24 2015-10-21 湖北工业大学 High-strength and high-conductivity carbon nano tube strengthening copper-based composite material and preparing method thereof

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