CN108044341A - A kind of portable attaching/detaching apparatus for the dismounting of large scale equipment bottom bolts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of disassembly and assembly of mechanical equipment, and discloses a mobile disassembly and assembly device used for disassembly and assembly of bolts at the bottom of large equipment, including a moving frame, a jacking mechanism, a frame, a motor, a torque control display mechanism, a reducer, a sleeve cylinder, lithium battery power supply and control switch; the torque control display mechanism is connected with the motor to control the output torque of the motor; the jacking mechanism is fixed on the bottom plate of the mobile frame, and the frame is above the top plate of the mobile frame, and the jacking mechanism is connected and supported by the frame And control the rise or fall of the frame; the motor is installed on the bottom plate of the frame, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the reducer, the output shaft of the reducer is connected to the sleeve, and the motor rotates the sleeve through the reducer; the lithium battery power supplies power for the motor and the jacking mechanism , The control switch includes forward/reverse switch, up/down switch and rotary switch. This device is convenient for workers to move under large equipment, safe and labor-saving operation, high efficiency, no need to drag the power input line, does not affect the passage of other equipment, and realizes precise torque control.

Description

A mobile disassembly and assembly device for disassembly and assembly of bolts at the bottom of large-scale equipment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of disassembly and assembly of mechanical equipment, in particular to a mobile disassembly and assembly device used for disassembly and assembly of bolts at the bottom of large-scale equipment.

Background technique

The bottom of some large-scale equipment is often designed with many bolt links, such as the bolts on the bottom ring of the water turbine used to fix multiple sets of sealing combinations, some as many as 100 or so; There are as many as 30 bolts per car. These bolted connections often need to be installed, tightened or disassembled during equipment assembly and maintenance, and the tightening torque of the bolts must comply with relevant industry standards.

Faced with the bolts at the bottom of this large-scale equipment, at present, the main method in China is to manually drill under the equipment and hold wrenches of various driving modes upward for disassembly and assembly operations. Gas-driven wrench has many advantages such as high power, low price, and no pollution. However, the weakness of this type of wrench is also obvious. Large torque, but the hydraulic drive equipment needs to be accompanied by a set of hydraulic devices, the structure is complex, the size is huge, and it is not easy to maintain; the electric drive wrench has many advantages such as high cost performance, large power-to-volume ratio, good control performance, and easy maintenance. It is a high-precision, The development trend of intelligent wrench. Whether it is a gas-driven wrench, a hydraulic-driven wrench or an external power-driven wrench, it is necessary to connect a long power input line (high-pressure air pipe, oil pipe, cable, etc.), and it is inconvenient to constantly drag the heavy power input line during operation, especially in It is even more inconvenient to work in workshops where motor vehicles such as forklifts often pass through; at the same time, no matter what kind of handle is used, the operation method of manually drilling under the equipment and holding a wrench upward to disassemble and assemble bolts has high labor intensity and low disassembly efficiency. , many safety hazards and poor fastening quality have seriously affected the market competitiveness of related companies; in addition, since high-torque electric wrenches are often equipped with reaction arms, when using high-torque electric wrenches to disassemble bolts, the reaction arm needs to be The point of focus is that due to the complex arrangement of bolts at the bottom of large equipment, the shape and size of the reaction arm are difficult to unify, and often need to be replaced, which greatly reduces work efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the above existing problems, a mobile disassembly and assembly device for bolt disassembly and assembly at the bottom of large-scale equipment is provided, which is convenient for workers to move back and forth at the bottom of large-scale equipment for bolt disassembly and assembly operations, which is safe and labor-saving , high efficiency, low labor intensity, no need to drag the power input line back and forth during operation, will not affect the traffic of other equipment, good control performance, and can achieve precise torque control.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows: a mobile disassembly device for disassembly and assembly of bolts at the bottom of large equipment, including a mobile frame, a jacking mechanism, a frame, a motor, a torque control display mechanism, a reducer, a sleeve, a lithium battery power and control switches;

The torque control display mechanism is connected to the motor, and the torque output by the motor can be controlled by inputting a torque value in the torque control display mechanism;

The lifting mechanism is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the mobile frame, the frame is located above the top plate of the mobile frame, the top of the lifting mechanism is connected with the frame, supports the frame and can control the rise or fall of the frame;

The motor is arranged on the bottom plate of the frame, the output shaft of the motor is connected with the reducer on its upper part, the upper end of the output shaft of the reducer is connected with the sleeve, and the sleeve is used to be socketed with the bolt to be disassembled, and the motor can be controlling the rotation of the sleeve through a reducer;

Both the lithium battery power supply and the control switch are fixedly connected to the mobile frame, the lithium battery power supply can provide power for the motor and the jacking mechanism, and the control switch includes a forward/reverse switch for switching the forward/reverse direction of the motor, The up/down switch used to control the jacking mechanism to realize jacking/down and the rotary switch used to control the starting of the motor. It is convenient for workers to move back and forth at the bottom of large equipment to disassemble and assemble bolts. It is safe, labor-saving, high in efficiency, and low in labor intensity. There is no need to drag the power input line back and forth during operation, and it will not affect the passage of other equipment. It has good control performance and can achieve precise torque. control.

A mobile disassembly device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large equipment according to the present invention, the reducer is a planetary gear reducer, and a reaction arm is fixedly installed on the casing of the planetary gear reducer. When rotating to a certain degree, the two ends of the reaction arm can be blocked by the column of the frame, so as to prevent the shell from further rotating in the same direction. The shell here is equivalent to the ring gear of the planetary gear reducer, if it is not limited to a certain degree of rotation by the reaction arm (the "certain degree" here means that the shell can rotate within the range of the column, when the reaction force When the arm is blocked by the column, it cannot continue to rotate), it will always rotate, causing the disassembly process of the bolt to be unable to be realized.

According to the mobile dismounting device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large-scale equipment according to the present invention, the planetary gear reducer is arranged on the upper end of the motor through a rotary mechanism, and the rotary mechanism includes an upper connecting seat and a lower connecting seat. The lower connection seat and the upper end of the motor are positioned and fixedly connected through the convex and concave notch, the lower connection seat has an upwardly extending installation part, the upper connection seat is sleeved on the outer surface of the installation part, and connected A bearing is installed between the seat and the outer surface of the mounting part, so that the upper connecting seat can rotate relative to the lower connecting seat; the lower end of the planetary gear reducer and the upper connecting seat are positioned and fixedly connected through the convex and concave notch; The motor output shaft passes through the slewing mechanism. Through the above arrangement, the reliable positioning between the planetary gear reducer and the motor is effectively guaranteed, and the slewing mechanism forms an effective support for the reducer casing and ensures that the casing can rotate relative to the motor until the reaction arm is blocked by the column and stops rotating.

According to a mobile dismounting device used for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large-scale equipment according to the present invention, the motor is arranged on the bottom plate of the frame through a support compensation mechanism, and the support compensation mechanism includes a fixed seat and a movable seat. The fixed seat is fixedly installed on the bottom plate of the frame, the fixed seat has a conical surface, the movable seat has a spherical surface, the spherical surface is in contact with the conical surface, and the fixed seat and the movable seat are connected together by a central screw. The movable seat can swing relative to the fixed seat in a circumferential range, and the lower end of the motor and the movable seat are positioned and fixedly connected through convex and concave notches. Such a design is mainly due to the fact that sometimes the ground is uneven, causing the entire device to not be in a vertical state, so that the sleeve at the top cannot be smoothly docked and assembled with the bolts to be disassembled, which affects the normal working process. Through the conical surface, spherical surface and The cooperation of the central screw can make the above-mentioned whole mechanism fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the frame, form a support for the whole mechanism, and also adjust the offset angle of the whole mechanism relative to the mobile frame, so as to ensure that the sleeve at the top can be aligned with the to-be-disassembled The installed bolts are effectively aligned to ensure the smooth progress of the assembly.

According to the invention, a mobile dismounting device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large-scale equipment, the upper end of the frame has a frame top plate, and a through hole is opened on the frame top plate, and the output shaft of the reducer passes through the through hole, and The diameter of this through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the output shaft of the reducer. In this way, when the movable seat is offset to the extreme position relative to the fixed seat, that is, when the inner side of the through hole of the movable seat is in contact with the central screw, the output shaft of the reducer is also in contact with the inner side of the through hole on the top plate of the frame, so that the central screw is in contact with the inner side of the through hole on the top plate of the frame. The through holes on the top plate of the rack limit the motor and the mechanisms connected to the upper part of the motor at the same time, preventing the overall offset force from fully acting on the central screw and causing damage to the central screw.

According to a mobile dismounting device used for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large-scale equipment according to the present invention, the jacking mechanism is connected with the bottom plate of the frame through a guide mechanism, and the guide mechanism includes at least three guide columns and each guide The guide sleeve matched with the column, the top of the guide column is fixedly connected with the bottom plate of the frame, and the connection line between each guide column and the bottom surface of the frame bottom plate is not on the same straight line, and the guide sleeve is fixedly arranged on the top plate of the mobile frame , each of the guide columns passes through the corresponding guide sleeve to guide the rise or fall of the frame. Through the guide mechanism, the jacking mechanism (electric push rod) is more stable and reliable during the process of jacking up or recovering the frame and other mechanisms, so as to ensure that the frame does not deviate.

According to a mobile disassembling device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large-scale equipment according to the present invention, the jacking mechanism is an electric push rod, and the lithium battery power supply can provide power for the electric push rod, and the electric push rod A push plate is connected to the top of the output shaft, and the push plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to each guide column, and each guide column passes through the corresponding through hole, and a support spring is sleeved on the guide column, and the support The upper end of the spring withstands the bottom surface of the frame bottom plate, and the lower end of the spring withstands the top surface of the push plate. The center position of the top surface of the push plate is fixedly provided with a travel switch. The travel switch is electrically connected with the electric push rod. When not working, the frame bottom plate The gravity of each mechanism on its upper part compresses the support spring, and the bottom surface of the frame bottom plate does not contact the travel switch. The setting of the travel switch and the support spring can make the jacking mechanism further lift the frame and other mechanisms until the travel switch is triggered, and then control the electric push rod to stop the jacking operation, ensuring that the sleeve and the bolt to be disassembled are perfectly socketed , and will not be too high.

A mobile dismounting device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large equipment according to the present invention is fixed with an adsorption positioning mechanism on the bottom plate of the mobile frame. The adsorption positioning mechanism includes an electromagnetic sucker, a fixed rod, a return spring and a stopper. plate, the lithium battery power supply can provide power for the electromagnetic chuck, a through hole is opened on the bottom plate of the mobile frame, the fixed rod passes through the through hole, the bottom end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic chuck, and the top end is fixedly connected to the The baffle plate, the return spring is sleeved on the fixed rod, the upper end of which withstands the bottom surface of the baffle plate, and the lower end withstands the top surface of the bottom plate of the mobile frame. When the electromagnetic chuck is energized, it can absorb the workshop The ground steel plate is used to fix the dismounting device. When the power is off, the electromagnetic chuck is separated from the ground steel plate under the action of the return spring. Through the adsorption positioning mechanism, the mobile frame and the frame installed on it are firmly fixed on the ground, providing a stable focus point for the disassembly and assembly of the bolts, and ensuring the smooth progress of the disassembly and assembly process.

According to a mobile dismounting device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large equipment according to the present invention, a power supply mounting plate is fixedly installed on the side of the moving frame, a handle is fixedly installed on the top of the power supply mounting plate, and the lithium battery The power supply is fixedly arranged on the power supply mounting plate, the control switch is fixedly arranged on the handle, and the lithium battery power supply is also provided with a power switch. Such setting makes the whole structure layout more tidy and reasonable, and it is convenient for the staff to push the mobile frame by holding the handle. At the same time, the corresponding control switch can be conveniently and quickly operated on the handle, which is convenient for operation.

According to the mobile dismounting device used for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large-scale equipment according to the present invention, universal wheels are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the mobile frame. Such arrangement makes it convenient for the whole device to move in all directions.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is: the present invention combines the mobile frame, the universal wheel, the adsorption positioning mechanism, the jacking mechanism, the guiding mechanism, the support compensation mechanism, the motor, the slewing mechanism, the reducer, etc. It is used to replace manual drilling to the bottom of the equipment and hold the wrench upward for bolt disassembly and assembly operations, which improves the efficiency of disassembly and assembly, reduces labor intensity, and facilitates workers to move back and forth at the bottom of large equipment for bolt disassembly and assembly operations, which is safe and labor-saving. Dragging the power input line back and forth will not affect the traffic of other equipment, the handling performance is good, and the torque can be precisely controlled;

By setting the support compensation mechanism, the motor and its upper mechanism can be adjusted in any direction to achieve smooth alignment and engagement between the sleeve and the nut to be removed, which solves the problem that the axis of the sleeve and the axis of the bolt to be removed are difficult to align. ;

The mobile frame and the frame installed on it are firmly fixed on the ground through the adsorption positioning mechanism, which can provide a stable and consistent force point for the reaction arm on the planetary gear reducer shell, that is, provide a reason for the entire device. The support of the reverse force generated when the sleeve rotates and disassembles the bolt avoids the problem that the force point of the reaction arm is difficult to find or inconsistent, which leads to low efficiency or even difficulty in disassembling the bolt;

Through the guide mechanism, the jacking mechanism (electric push rod) can be more stable and reliable in the process of jacking up or recovering the rack and other mechanisms, ensuring that the rack does not deviate. The setting of the travel switch and the supporting spring can make the jacking mechanism Further jack up the frame and other mechanisms until the travel switch is triggered, and then control the electric push rod to stop the jacking operation, ensuring that the sleeve and the bolt to be disassembled are perfectly socketed, and the jacking will not be excessive;

The planetary gear reducer structure has the advantages of simple manufacture, convenient installation, small size, light weight, wide range of transmission ratio, and high transmission efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main view structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the top view structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the structure of the mobile frame, the guide sleeve, the power supply installation plate and the handle in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the installation of the adsorption positioning mechanism and the bottom plate of the mobile frame in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a partial sectional view of the structure of the push plate in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the structure of the sleeve, the output shaft of the reducer, the top plate of the frame, the reaction arm, the shell and the sliding bearing in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the rotary mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the support compensation mechanism in the present invention.

Reference signs: 1 is the mobile frame, 1.1 is the top plate of the mobile frame, 1.2 is the bottom plate of the mobile frame, 2 is the jacking mechanism, 3 is the frame, 3.1 is the top plate of the frame, 3.2 is the bottom plate of the frame, 4 is the motor, 4.1 is Motor output shaft, 5 is the torque control display mechanism, 6 is the reducer, 6.1 is the output shaft of the reducer, 6.2 is the casing, 6.3 is the sliding bearing, 7 is the sleeve, 8 is the lithium battery power supply, 8.1 is the power switch, 9 is the Forward/reverse switch, 10 is the up/down switch, 11 is the rotation switch, 12 is the reaction arm, 13 is the universal wheel, 14 is the power supply installation plate, 15 is the handle, 16 is the rotary mechanism, 16.1 is the upper connection seat , 16.2 is the lower connection seat, 16.3 is the installation part, 16.4 is the bearing, 16.5 is the bearing gland, 16.6 is the spring retaining ring, 16.7 is the spacer washer, 17 is the support compensation mechanism, 17.1 is the fixed seat, 17.2 is the movable seat, 17.3 17.4 is a spherical surface, 17.5 is a center screw, 18 is a guide column, 19 is a guide sleeve, 20 is a push plate, 20.1 is a rotating ear plate, 21 is a support spring, 22 is a travel switch, 23 is an electromagnetic chuck, 24 For fixed rod, 25 is a back-moving spring, 26 is a baffle plate, 27 is a steel plate, and 28 is a bolt connection to be removed.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, 6 to 8, a mobile disassembly device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large equipment, including a mobile frame 1, a jacking mechanism 2, a frame 3, a DC motor 4, and a torque control display Mechanism 5, reducer 6, sleeve 7, lithium battery power supply 8 and control switch, mobile frame 1 includes mobile frame bottom plate 1.2, mobile frame top plate 1.1 and four columns fixedly connected between the two, frame 3 includes machine Frame bottom plate 3.2, frame top plate 3.1 and four columns fixedly connected between the two, universal wheels 13 are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the mobile frame 1, so that the dismounting device can move in all directions; the torque control display mechanism 5 and The motors 4 are connected in phase, and the torque output by the motor 4 can be controlled by inputting the torque value in the torque control display mechanism 5. Here, the torque of the motor 4 is related to its speed, and the sleeve 7 is transmitted to the The torque of the bolt is transmitted by the torque of the motor 4, and the conversion relationship between them is general knowledge in the art, so no specific conversion relationship is recorded here;

The lifting mechanism 2 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 1.2 of the mobile frame, and the frame 3 is located above the top plate 1.1 of the mobile frame. The top of the lifting mechanism 2 is connected with the frame 3, forms a support for the frame 3 and can control the rise or fall of the frame 3; The motor 4 is arranged on the frame bottom plate 3.2, the motor output shaft 4.1 is connected with the reducer 6 on its upper part, the upper end of the reducer output shaft 6.1 is connected with the sleeve 7, and the sleeve 7 is used to be socketed with the bolt to be disassembled, and the motor 4 can be The rotation of the sleeve 7 is controlled by the reducer 6, and the output shaft 6.1 of the reducer passes through the casing 6.2 of the reducer 6, and is connected with the casing 6.2 through a bearing, specifically a sliding bearing 6.3;

Both the lithium battery power supply 8 and the control switch are fixedly connected with the mobile frame 1, the lithium battery power supply 8 can provide power for the motor 4 and the jacking mechanism 2, and the control switch includes a forward/reverse switch 9 for switching the positive/reverse rotation of the motor 4 1. The rising/falling switch 10 used to control the jacking mechanism 2 to realize jacking/falling and the rotary switch 11 used to control the start of the motor 4, the jacking mechanism 2 is connected to the lithium battery power supply 8 through the rising/falling switch 10, and the motor 4 Connect with the lithium battery power supply 8 through the positive/reverse switch 9 and the rotary switch 11, specifically, the side of the mobile frame 1 is fixedly provided with a power supply mounting plate 14, and the upper end of the power supply mounting plate 14 is fixedly equipped with a handle 15, and the lithium battery power supply 8 is fixed. Set on the power supply mounting plate 14, the control switch is fixedly set on the handle 15, and the lithium battery power supply 8 is also provided with a power switch 8.1, so that the entire structure layout is more tidy and reasonable, and it is convenient for the staff to hold the handle 15 to push the mobile frame 1. At the same time, the corresponding control switch can be operated conveniently and quickly on the handle 15, which is convenient for operation.

The reducer 6 is a planetary gear reducer, and the casing 6.2 of the planetary gear reducer is fixedly equipped with a reaction force arm 12. When the casing 6.2 rotates to a certain extent, the two ends of the reaction force arm 12 can be blocked by the columns of the frame 3, so that Prevent the shell 6.2 from further rotating in the same direction. The planetary gear reducer mainly includes the sun gear, planetary gear, planetary gear carrier and inner ring gear. The shell 6.2 here is equivalent to the inner ring gear of the planetary gear reducer. If it does not pass through the reaction arm 12 Limit its rotation to a certain degree (the "certain degree" here means that the shell can rotate within the range of the column, and when the reaction arm is blocked by the column, it cannot continue to rotate), it will always rotate, causing the bolt The disassembly process cannot be realized.

The planetary gear reducer is arranged on the upper end of the motor 4 through the slewing mechanism 16. The slewing mechanism 16 includes an upper connecting seat 16.1 and a lower connecting seat 16.2. The seat 16.2 has an upwardly extending mounting portion 16.3, the upper connecting seat 16.1 is sheathed on the outer surface of the mounting portion 16.3, and a bearing 16.4 is installed between the upper connecting seat 16.1 and the outer surface of the mounting portion 16.3, which is specifically arranged in a vertical direction. Two bearings 16.4, and the two bearings 16.4 are separated by a spacer 16.7, specifically a rolling bearing 16.4, so that the upper connecting seat 16.1 can rotate relative to the lower connecting seat 16.2; the lower end of the planetary gear reducer and the upper connecting seat 16.1 pass through the convex and concave The seams are positioned and fixedly connected; the motor output shaft 4.1 passes through the rotary mechanism 16, specifically, the lower end surface of the lower connecting seat 16.2 has a convex seam, and the upper end of the motor 4 has a concave seam, a convex seam and a concave seam. The lower connection seat 16.2 and the motor 4 are fixedly connected together by bolts; the lower end of the planetary gear reducer casing 6.2 has a convex stop, and the upper end of the upper connection seat 16.1 has a concave stop, a convex stop and The recesses are installed in cooperation with each other for positioning, and the planetary gear reducer and the upper connecting seat 16.1 are fixedly connected together by bolts; the upper connecting seat 16.1 and the lower connecting seat 16.2 have through holes for the power output shaft 4.1 to pass through and connect with The driving wheel of the planetary gear reducer is connected to the sun gear, and the mounting part 16.3 of the lower connecting seat 16.2 is fixed with a bearing gland 16.5 by bolts, and the outer edge of the bearing gland 16.5 withstands the bearing between the upper connecting seat 16.1 and the mounting part 16.3 The end of 16.4 is used to axially fix the bearing 16.4 here, the motor output shaft 4.1 passes through the bearing gland 16.5, and a bearing 16.4 is fixedly arranged between its outer surface and the inner surface of the bearing gland 16.5, specifically a rolling bearing , the bearing 16.4 here is axially fixed by the circlip 16.6 arranged in the bearing gland 16.5, the motor output shaft 4.1 passes through the interior of the circlip 16.6, the bearing gland 16.5 and the circlip can ensure two The bearing 16.4 can be stably installed and fixed.

The motor 4 is arranged on the frame bottom plate 3.2 through the support compensation mechanism 17. The support compensation mechanism 17 includes a fixed seat 17.1 and a movable seat 17.2, and the fixed seat 17.1 is fixedly installed on the frame bottom plate 3.2. 17.2 has a spherical surface 17.4, and the spherical surface 17.4 is in contact with the conical surface 17.3. The fixed seat 17.1 and the movable seat 17.2 are connected together by a central screw 17.5. The movable seat 17.2 can swing within the circumferential range relative to the fixed seat 17.1. The lower end of the motor 4 It is positioned and fixedly connected with the movable seat 17.2 through the convex and concave notch. At the same time, the upper end of the frame 3 has a frame top plate 3.1, and a through hole is opened on the frame top plate 3.1. The output shaft 6.1 of the reducer passes through this through hole, and The diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the output shaft 6.1 of the reducer. Specifically, a threaded hole is opened in the middle of the fixed seat 17.1, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the movable seat 17.2. The central screw 17.5 passes through the through hole and is screwed into the threaded hole. , there is a gap between this through hole and the central screw 17.5, so as to limit the swing of the movable seat 17.2 relative to the fixed seat 17.1 within the range of this gap; The motor 4 on the upper end of the movable seat 17.2 and the mechanisms connected to the top of the motor 4 are used as an integral mechanism, and this integral mechanism can swing in a circumferential range relative to the frame 3, and the center point of the swing is the central screw 17.5, as shown in Figure 8 As shown, when the movable seat 17.2 swings to the left corresponding to the fixed seat 17.1 (that is, when the motor 4 connected to the movable seat 17.2 swings to the left), the left end will descend and the right end will rise, and the spherical surface 17.4 at the left end will be opposite to the cone at the left end. Facing the bottom right and sliding, the spherical surface 17.4 at the right end slides upward and right relative to the cone surface at the right end. This design is mainly due to the fact that sometimes the ground is uneven, causing the entire device to not be in a vertical state, so that the sleeve 7 at the top cannot be smoothly connected to the waiting area. The disassembly and assembly bolts are smoothly docked and assembled, which affects the normal working process. Through the cooperation of the conical surface 17.3, the spherical surface 17.4 and the central screw 17.5, the above-mentioned entire mechanism can be fixed on the frame bottom plate 3.2, forming a support for the entire mechanism. It is also possible to adjust the offset angle of the entire mechanism relative to the mobile frame 1 to ensure that the sleeve 7 at the top can be effectively aligned with the bolts to be disassembled to ensure the smooth progress of the assembly; at the same time, when the movable seat 17.2 is relative to the fixed seat 17.1 When it is shifted to the limit position, that is, when the inside of the through hole of the movable seat 17.2 is in contact with the center screw 17.5, the output shaft 6.1 of the reducer is also in contact with the inside of the through hole on the top plate 3.1 of the frame, so that the center screw 17.5 is in contact with the top plate 3.1 of the frame. The through holes of the motor 4 and the mechanisms connected to the top of the motor 4 carry out swing limit at the same time, preventing the overall offset force from fully acting on the central screw 17.5, causing damage to the central screw 17.5.

Example 2

On the basis of Embodiment 1, as shown in Figures 1, 3, and 5, the jacking mechanism 2 is connected with the frame bottom plate 3.2 through a guide mechanism, and the guide mechanism includes at least three guide posts 18 and matching guide posts 18 Guide sleeve 19, the top of guide column 18 is fixedly connected with frame bottom plate 3.2, and each guide column 18 is not on the same straight line with the connecting point of frame bottom plate 3.2 bottom surface, and guide sleeve 19 is fixedly arranged on mobile frame top plate 1.1, The mobile frame top plate 1.1 is provided with a through hole corresponding to each guide sleeve 19, and the guide sleeve 19 is fixedly installed in the corresponding through hole, and the guide column 18 passes through the corresponding guide sleeve 19, and the rising or falling of the frame 3 is carried out. Guide; the jacking mechanism 2 is specifically an electric push rod, and the lithium battery power supply 8 can provide power for the electric push rod. A push plate 20 is connected to the top of the output shaft of the electric push rod. Through holes, each guide post 18 passes through the corresponding through hole, the guide post 18 is sleeved with a support spring 21, the upper end of the support spring 21 withstands the bottom surface of the frame bottom plate 3.2, and the lower end withstands the top surface of the push plate 20, The center position of the top surface of the push plate 20 is fixedly provided with a travel switch 22, which is electrically connected to the electric push rod. The trigger signal will be transmitted to the electric push rod and control the electric push rod to stop working. When it is not working, the gravity of the frame bottom plate 3.2 and its upper parts will compress the support spring 21, and the bottom surface of the frame bottom plate 3.2 will not contact the travel switch 22. Specifically, a guide post 18 is fixedly connected to each of the four corners of the frame bottom plate 3.2, and the top end of the output shaft of the electric push rod is rotationally connected with the center position of the bottom surface of the push plate 20. Rotate lug plate 20.1, the output shaft upper end of electric push rod realizes rotational connection with rotating lug plate 20.1 by bearing pin.

Example 3

On the basis of Embodiment 2, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, an adsorption positioning mechanism is fixedly arranged on the mobile frame bottom plate 1.2, and the adsorption positioning mechanism includes an electromagnetic chuck 23, a fixed rod 24, a return spring 25 and a baffle plate 26, lithium Battery power supply 8 can provide power supply for electromagnetic chuck 23, is provided with through hole on mobile rack base plate 1.2, and fixed rod 24 passes through this through hole, and fixed rod 24 bottoms are fixedly connected with electromagnetic chuck 23, the top is fixedly connected with baffle plate 26, back spring 25 is sleeved on the fixed rod 24, and its upper end withstands the bottom surface of the baffle plate 26, and the lower end withstands the top surface of the mobile frame bottom plate 1.2. When the electromagnetic chuck 23 is energized, it can absorb the ground steel plate 27 of the workshop, so that it can be disassembled. The device is fixed, and when the power is cut off, under the action of the back-moving spring 25, the electromagnetic chuck 23 breaks away from the ground steel plate 27, and four groups of adsorption positioning mechanisms are specifically set at the four corners of the mobile frame base plate 1.2.

The working principle of this mobile disassembly device: when disassembling bolts, first turn on the power switch 8.1, and set the corresponding torque value on the torque control display mechanism 5 according to the different operations of "disassembly" and "installation" and the specifications of the bolts; The torque value should be determined according to the relevant bolt tightening standards. When removing the bolts, the torque value should be added 50% on the basis of the relevant tightening standards in consideration of the fact that the bolts are difficult to remove due to rust; The switch 9 is twisted to the required position, and then the worker holds the handle 15 and drags the equipment to the bottom of the large equipment to be disassembled and bolted, presses the up button in the up/down switch 10, and the electric push rod pushes the push plate 20, The support spring 21, the frame 3 and the support compensation mechanism 17 fixed thereon, the DC motor 4, the slewing mechanism 16, the planetary gear reducer and the sleeve 7 move upward together, and at the same time, the worker moves the device slightly through the handle 15 according to the actual situation. Make the sleeve 7 and the nut to be disassembled and bolted to engage smoothly. When the sleeve 7 withstands the workpiece connected by the bolt, the frame 3 and the supporting compensation mechanism 17 fixed thereon, the DC motor 4, the rotary mechanism 16 and the planetary The wheel reducer 6 stops moving upwards, but now the electric push rod continues to push the push plate 20 and compresses the support spring 21 until the travel switch 22 is pressed down, so that the electric push rod circuit is cut off, and at the same time the electromagnetic chuck circuit is connected, and then Generate suction with the steel plate 27 laid on the workshop floor (this action process can be realized through conventional circuit design, so the specific circuit connection structure is not recorded in this article), the electromagnetic chuck 23 drives the fixed rod 24 along the moving frame under the action of suction The through hole on the bottom plate 1.2 moves downward and is firmly adsorbed by the steel plate 27. At the same time, the return spring 25 is compressed, and then the rotary switch 11 is turned on. The DC motor 4 is started, and the sleeve 7 is driven to rotate through the rotary mechanism 16 and the planetary gear reducer. The rotary mechanism 16 The upper connecting seat 16.1 in the center rotates with the casing 6.2 of the reducer 6, and the casing 6.2 drives the reaction arm 12 to rotate at the same time, and then the reaction arm 12 is blocked by the two diagonal columns of the frame 3. At this time, the upper part of the reducer 6 The reaction arm 12, shell 6.2, and upper connecting seat 16.1 all stop rotating, and the sleeve 7 can disassemble the bolt; when installing the bolt, after the torque value reaches the set value, the DC motor 4 automatically stops for 2 seconds, and then reverses. Rotate, when the reaction arm 12 leaves the column of the frame 3 at a certain angle, generally 5~10°, then the DC motor 4 automatically stops running. It can be realized by conventional circuit design, so the specific circuit connection structure is not recorded in this paper, or, this action process can also be realized by manual control), then press the down button in the up/down switch 10, and the electric push rod Drive the push plate 20 to move downward, at this time the travel switch 22 resets and cuts off the circuit of the electromagnetic chuck 23 (this action process can be realized through conventional circuit design, so this article does not record the specific circuit connection structure), the suction disappears, and the electromagnetic chuck 23 leave steel plate 2 under the effect of back-moving spring 25 7 Move upwards and return to the original position. After the output shaft of the electric push rod drops to a certain height, the travel switch built in the electric push rod is triggered, and the electric push rod stops working. At the same time, the support compensation mechanism 17, the DC motor 4, and the rotary mechanism 16. The planetary gear reducer and the sleeve 7 return under the action of gravity, and finally turn off the power switch 8.1, and the whole operation is over.

The present invention is not limited to the foregoing specific embodiments. The present invention extends to any new feature or any new combination disclosed in this specification, and any new method or process step or any new combination disclosed. Any insubstantial changes or improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A mobile disassembly and assembly device used for disassembly and assembly of bolts at the bottom of large-scale equipment, characterized in that it includes a mobile frame (1), a jacking mechanism (2), a frame (3), a motor (4), and a torque control Display mechanism (5), reducer (6), sleeve (7), lithium battery power supply (8) and control switch; The torque control display mechanism (5) is connected to the motor (4), and the torque output by the motor (4) can be controlled by inputting a torque value in the torque control display mechanism (5); The jacking mechanism (2) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (1.2) of the mobile frame, the frame (3) is located above the top plate (1.1) of the mobile frame, and the top of the jacking mechanism (2) is connected with the frame (3), Supporting the rack (3) and controlling the rack (3) to rise or fall; The motor (4) is arranged on the bottom plate (3.2) of the frame, the motor output shaft (4.1) is connected to the reducer (6) on its upper part, and the upper end of the reducer output shaft (6.1) is connected to the sleeve (7), The sleeve (7) is used to socket with the bolt to be disassembled, and the motor (4) can control the rotation of the sleeve (7) through the reducer (6); Both the lithium battery power supply (8) and the control switch are fixedly connected to the mobile frame (1), the lithium battery power supply (8) can provide power for the motor (4) and the jacking mechanism (2), and the control switch includes The forward/reverse switch (9) for switching the forward/reverse rotation of the motor (4), the ascending/descending switch (10) for controlling the jacking mechanism (2) to achieve jacking/falling, and the control motor (4) ) to activate the rotary switch (11). 2. A mobile dismounting device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reducer (6) is a planetary gear reducer, and the planetary gear reducer A reaction arm (12) is fixedly installed on the casing (6.2). When the casing (6.2) rotates to a certain extent, both ends of the reaction arm (12) can be blocked by the columns of the frame (3) to prevent the casing from (6.2) Further rotation in the same direction. 3. A mobile dismantling device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the planetary gear reducer is arranged on the upper end of the motor (4) through the slewing mechanism (16), The slewing mechanism (16) includes an upper connecting seat (16.1) and a lower connecting seat (16.2). The lower connecting seat (16.2) is positioned and fixedly connected to the upper end of the motor (4) through a convex-concave stop. The lower connecting base (16.2) has an upwardly extending mounting portion (16.3), the upper connecting base (16.1) is sheathed on the outer surface of the mounting portion (16.3), and the upper connecting base (16.1) and the mounting portion (16.3) ) is installed between the outer surfaces of bearings (16.4), so that the upper connecting seat (16.1) can rotate relative to the lower connecting seat (16.2); The port is positioned and fixedly connected; the motor output shaft (4.1) passes through the slewing mechanism (16). 4. A mobile dismantling device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the motor (4) is set on the frame bottom plate (3.2 ), the support compensation mechanism (17) includes a fixed seat (17.1) and a movable seat (17.2), the fixed seat (17.1) is fixedly installed on the frame bottom plate (3.2), and the fixed seat (17.1) has Conical surface (17.3), the movable seat (17.2) has a spherical surface (17.4), the spherical surface (17.4) is in contact with the conical surface (17.3), the fixed seat (17.1) and the movable seat (17.2) pass through a center Screws (17.5) are connected together, the movable seat (17.2) can swing in a circumferential range relative to the fixed seat (17.1), and the lower end of the motor (4) and the movable seat (17.2) pass through the convex and concave notches Locate and fix the connection. 5. A mobile dismantling device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: the upper end of the rack (3) has a rack top plate (3.1), and the rack top plate (3.1) A through hole is opened on the top, and the output shaft (6.1) of the reducer passes through the through hole, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the output shaft (6.1) of the reducer. 6. A mobile dismounting device for dismounting bolts at the bottom of large-scale equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the jacking mechanism (2) passes through the guide mechanism and the frame bottom plate (3.2) connected, the guide mechanism includes at least three guide columns (18) and guide sleeves (19) matching with each guide column (18), the top of the guide column (18) and the frame bottom plate (3.2 ) is fixedly connected, and the connection line between each guide column (18) and the bottom surface of the frame bottom plate (3.2) is not on the same straight line, and the guide sleeve (19) is fixedly arranged on the top plate (1.1) of the mobile frame. The guide post (18) passes through the corresponding guide sleeve (19) to guide the rise or fall of the frame (3). 7. A mobile dismounting device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: the jacking mechanism (2) is an electric push rod, and the lithium battery power supply (8 ) can provide power for the electric push rod, the top of the output shaft of the electric push rod is connected with a push plate (20), and the push plate (20) is provided with a through hole corresponding to each guide column (18), and each guide The column (18) passes through the corresponding through hole, the support spring (21) is sleeved on the guide column (18), and the upper end of the support spring (21) withstands the bottom surface and the lower end of the rack bottom plate (3.2) Withstand the top surface of the push plate (20), the center position of the top surface of the push plate (20) is fixed with a travel switch (22), the travel switch (22) is electrically connected with the electric push rod, when not working, the frame bottom plate (3.2) and the gravity of the upper mechanisms compress the support spring (21), and the bottom surface of the frame bottom plate (3.2) is not in contact with the travel switch (22). 8. According to any one of claims 1 to 5, a mobile disassembly device for bolt disassembly at the bottom of large-scale equipment, characterized in that: an adsorption positioning mechanism is fixed on the bottom plate (1.2) of the mobile frame, The adsorption positioning mechanism includes an electromagnetic chuck (23), a fixed rod (24), a return spring (25) and a baffle (26), and the lithium battery power supply (8) can provide power for the electromagnetic chuck (23). A through hole is opened on the bottom plate (1.2) of the mobile frame, and the fixed rod (24) passes through the through hole, the bottom end of the fixed rod (24) is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic sucker (23), and the top end is fixedly connected to the baffle plate ( 26), the return spring (25) is sleeved on the fixed rod (24), its upper end withstands the bottom surface of the baffle plate (26), and its lower end withstands the top surface of the mobile frame bottom plate (1.2), when When the electromagnetic chuck (23) is energized, it can absorb the ground steel plate (27) of the workshop so as to fix the dismounting device. When the power is off, the electromagnetic chuck (23) is separated from the ground under the action of the return spring (25). steel plate (27). 9. A mobile disassembly device for bolt disassembly at the bottom of large equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side of the mobile frame (1) is fixedly provided with a power supply installation plate (14), so A handle (15) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the power supply installation plate (14), the lithium battery power supply (8) is fixedly arranged on the power supply installation plate (14), and the control switch is fixedly arranged on the handle (15). 10. A mobile dismantling device for disassembling bolts at the bottom of large equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: universal wheels (13) are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the mobile frame (1).