CN108020314A - Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system and acceleration transducer array system and measuring method - Google Patents
Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system and acceleration transducer array system and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108020314A CN108020314A CN201610967771.7A CN201610967771A CN108020314A CN 108020314 A CN108020314 A CN 108020314A CN 201610967771 A CN201610967771 A CN 201610967771A CN 108020314 A CN108020314 A CN 108020314A
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000253 optical time-domain reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system and acceleration transducer array system and measuring method.The Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system of the present invention includes：Narrow linewidth laser, hydrophone array, the first coupler, first sound-optic modulator, second sound-optic modulator, time delay optical fiber, the second coupler, the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator, the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, wave filter, photodetector, data collecting card and industrial personal computer；The present invention produces heterodyne pulse pair, by interfering in external sound wave signal modulation to heterodyne frequency, by heterodyne demodulation, obtains the external sound wave signal in water；The present invention greatly simplifies system, and each hydrophone primitive achieves the detectivity identical with existing system；In addition the program can equally be used in optical fiber acceleration transducer array, and an optical fiber is wound on multiple acceleration transducer skeletons successively and then forms acceleration transducer array, so as to detect the extraneous vibration signal in air.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical fiber sensing technology, and in particular to a kind of Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system and acceleration transducer battle array
Row system and measuring method.
Background technology
With national marine implementation and the needs of national defense safety, fibre optic hydrophone can be to underwater as one kind
The sensor that target is detected, positioned and identified is of increased attention with studying.When sound wave effect to optical fiber water
When listening on device probe the parameter such as the phase of light wave fields, intensity in optical fiber will be caused to change, pass through certain demodulation method
It can obtain the acoustic wavefield in the external world.Currently used fibre optic hydrophone is typically all to be based on Mach-Zehnder or Michelson
Interferometer structure is built.Further, since the complexity of underwater sound field, single hydrophone probe is difficult the detailed of acquisition target
Thin information, it is therefore desirable to multi-probe multiplexing, so as to form hydrophone array.More Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array is studied at present to answer
Have with technology：Space division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, wavelength-division multiplex, frequency division multiplexing etc..In various multiplexing technologies, time division multiplexing is most
Simple and effective scheme, and realize the large scale array of hydrophone since it is easily combined with wavelength-division multiplex technique, from
And enjoy the favor of various countries researcher.
Bibliography " a nanmu large-scale optical fiber hydrophone array optical heterodyne and time-division multiplex technology research [D] national defence
Scientific and technical university, fibre optic hydrophone time division multiplexing array system construction drawing more common at present is given in 2007. ".The party
The hydrophone probe being multiplexed in case employs Michelson interferometer structures, and a hydrophone probe includes an one-to-two coupling
Clutch, one section of L long optical fibers, faraday's rotating mirror and four part of hydrophone probe framework, wherein L long optical fibers are wound on water and listen
External sound wave signal is sensed in device probe framework.The time delay difference for reflecting pulse using different probes realizes the mistake of pulse
Position interference, the acoustic signals in the external world are can obtain by the demodulation to interference signal.
In the prior art, a hydrophone probe is including at least an one-to-two coupler, one section of L long optical fibers, a method
Draw rotating mirror and four part of hydrophone probe framework.First of all for the size base for keeping each primitive to reflect signal light intensity
This is consistent, and the splitting ratio of coupler needs reasonably to be designed.Secondly in order to which each reflected impulse can be accurately to upper progress
Interference is, it is necessary to more accurately control the length of optical fiber.Finally in order to eliminate influence of the polarization state to interference signal, therefore add
Faraday's rotating mirror, but in some application circumstances (such as hot environment), have higher want to the performance of faraday's rotating mirror
Ask.Each of which increases the complexity and difficulty of system design.
The content of the invention
For above problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of optical fiber water that structure is simple and easy to implement and listens
Device array system and its measuring method, greatly simplify the complexity of existing system.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system and acceleration transducer array system.
The Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system of the present invention includes：Narrow linewidth laser, hydrophone array, the first coupler,
One acousto-optic modulator, second sound-optic modulator, time delay optical fiber, the second coupler, the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator,
Two erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, wave filter, photodetector, data collecting card and industrial personal computer；Wherein, Optical Fiber Winding is visited in hydrophone
Hydrophone probe is formed on skull frame, an optical fiber is wrapped in multiple hydrophone probe frameworks and forms hydrophone array successively；
Narrow linewidth laser sends continuous laser；After the first coupler, uniformly it is divided into two-way, all the way by first sound-optic modulator quilt
Shift frequency f1And the first pulsed light is modulated into, in addition all the way by second sound-optic modulator by shift frequency f2And it is modulated into the second arteries and veins
Wash off, the frequency difference Δ f=f between the first pulsed light and the second pulsed light1-f2As heterodyne frequency；Second pulsed light is through long
Spend for LdTime delay optical fiber, separated with the first pulsed light in time domain；First pulsed light and the second pulsed light are by the second coupling
After device closing light, two pulses one in front and one in back are obtained, form a heterodyne pulse pair, the heterodyne frequency of heterodyne pulse pair is Δ f,
Heterodyne pulse pair at intervals of Ld；After heterodyne pulse is to first passing through the amplification of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, entered by first
Circulator, injects hydrophone array by second mouthful of circulator；Heterodyne pulse in the optical fiber of hydrophone array to producing the back of the body
To Rayleigh scattering signal, as heterodyne signal, hydrophone array is visited after receiving the external sound wave signal in water by hydrophone
Vibration information caused by external sound wave signal is modulated on back rayleigh scattering signal by the spring cylinder on skull frame, and then is passed through
Interference modulations are in the heterodyne frequency of heterodyne signal；The 3rd mouthful of the second Erbium-doped fiber amplifier of entrance that heterodyne signal passes through circulator
Device, after the amplification of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, filtered device filters out noise；Then photodetector is reached, by a high speed
Data collecting card collection signal, the heterodyne demodulation of signal is finally carried out on industrial personal computer, so as to obtain external sound wave signal, its
In, f1≠f2, Ld>0。
Sample frequency, that is, pulse recurrence frequency of heterodyne signal should be more than 4 times of heterodyne frequency Δ f, and heterodyne frequency will
As far as possible big, therefore generally select 4 times of relations；The interval L of heterodyne pulse pairdIt is greater than pulse width w, to ensure that two pulses do not have
Have it is overlapping, on this basis be spaced it is as far as possible small.The upper limit of the frequency of detectable external sound wave signal is heterodyne frequency
Half, the lower limit of the frequency of detectable external sound wave signal determine by the bar number of the backscattering curve for time domain reconstruction,
Lower-frequency limit is fs/ M, wherein fsFor pulse recurrence frequency, M is the bar number of the backscattering curve for time domain reconstruction.
The present invention is directly wound in multiple hydrophone probe frameworks using an optical fiber forms hydrophone array, heterodyne arteries and veins
Punching in the optical fiber of hydrophone array to producing back rayleigh scattering signal, and as heterodyne signal, external sound wave signal causes water
Listen the spring cylinder in device probe framework to deform upon, and then cause the deformation of optical fiber so that back rayleigh scattering signal in optical fiber
Phase change；And then by interfering in the heterodyne frequency of external sound wave signal modulation to heterodyne signal, pass through heterodyne
Demodulation, obtains external sound wave signal.The present invention completely dispenses with the devices such as addition coupler, faraday's rotating mirror only with an optical fiber
Part, has compared to existing technology and greatly simplifies.
The optical fiber acceleration transducer array system of the present invention includes：Narrow linewidth laser, acceleration transducer array,
One coupler, first sound-optic modulator, second sound-optic modulator, time delay optical fiber, the second coupler, the first Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
Device, circulator, the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, wave filter, photodetector, data collecting card and industrial personal computer；Wherein, optical fiber twines
It is wound on acceleration transducer skeleton and forms acceleration transducer, an optical fiber is wrapped in multiple acceleration transducer skeletons successively
Upper formation acceleration transducer array；Narrow linewidth laser sends continuous laser；After the first coupler, uniformly it is divided into two-way,
All the way by first sound-optic modulator by shift frequency f1And the first pulsed light is modulated into, in addition pass through second sound-optic modulator all the way
By shift frequency f2And the second pulsed light is modulated into, the frequency difference Δ f=f between the first pulsed light and the second pulsed light1-f2As
Heterodyne frequency；Second pulsed light is L by lengthdTime delay optical fiber, separated with the first pulsed light in time domain；First pulsed light
With the second pulsed light after the second coupler closing light, two pulses one in front and one in back are obtained, form a heterodyne pulse pair, outside
The heterodyne frequency of poor pulse pair is Δ f, heterodyne pulse pair at intervals of Ld；Heterodyne pulse is to first passing through the first Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
After device amplification, circulator is entered by first, passes through second mouthful of injection acceleration transducer array of circulator；Heterodyne pulse
To producing back rayleigh scattering signal in the optical fiber of acceleration transducer array, as heterodyne signal, acceleration transducer battle array
Row are drawn extraneous vibration signal by the spring cylinder on acceleration transducer skeleton after receiving the extraneous vibration signal in air
The vibration information risen is modulated on back rayleigh scattering signal, and then in the heterodyne frequency by interference modulations to heterodyne signal；
Heterodyne signal is amplified by the 3rd mouthful of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier of entrance of circulator by the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier
Afterwards, filtered device filters out noise；Then photodetector is reached, signal is gathered by the data collecting card of high speed, finally in work
The heterodyne demodulation of signal is carried out on control machine, so that extraneous vibration signal is obtained, wherein, f1≠f2, Ld>0。
Clearly several basic conceptions below：
Pulse width：Continuous light is modulated into the width of pulsed light, the pulse represented in time domain after acousto-optic modulator
Width is τ, and the pulse width represented in spatial domain is w, and the pulse width of heterodyne pulse two pulses of centering is the same.
Pulse recurrence frequency：Generation pulse every time can all generate a heterodyne pulse pair at the same time, and pulse recurrence frequency is
Generate the frequency of heterodyne pulse pair.
The sample frequency of heterodyne signal：The back rayleigh scattering signal of a position is in time domain on the optical fiber of hydrophone array
Sample frequency after upper reconstruct, the sample frequency of heterodyne signal are equal with pulse recurrence frequency.
The sample frequency of data collecting card：The speed of data collecting card gathered data, the sample frequency and spatial resolution
It is related.
Sampling depth：The optical fiber of the length of gathered data after data collecting card once triggers, the value and hydrophone array
Length is related with the sample frequency of data collecting card.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system and acceleration transducer array system
The measuring method of system.
The measuring method of the Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) length of the optical fiber of hydrophone array is L, pulse recurrence frequency fs, then have fs＜ c/2nL, wherein, c is true
The aerial light velocity, n are the refractive index of the optical fiber of hydrophone array, and the sample frequency of data collecting card is fc, sampling depth N,
Then there is N=fc/fs；
2) narrow linewidth laser sends continuous laser, after the first coupler, is uniformly divided into two-way, all the way by the first sound
Optical modulator is by shift frequency f1And the first pulsed light is modulated into, in addition all the way by second sound-optic modulator by shift frequency f2And adjusted
The second pulsed light is made, the frequency difference Δ f=f between the first pulsed light and the second pulsed light1-f2As heterodyne frequency；Second arteries and veins
It is L to wash off by lengthdTime delay optical fiber, separated with the first pulsed light in time domain；First pulsed light and the second pulsed light warp
After crossing the second coupler closing light, two pulses one in front and one in back are obtained, form a heterodyne pulse pair, the heterodyne of heterodyne pulse pair
Frequency is Δ f, heterodyne pulse pair at intervals of Ld；
3) after heterodyne pulse is to first passing through the amplification of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator is entered by first, is passed through
The optical fiber of second mouthful of injection hydrophone array of circulator；Heterodyne pulse in the optical fiber of hydrophone array to producing backwards to Rayleigh
Scattered signal, as heterodyne signal, hydrophone array is received after the external sound wave signal in water by hydrophone probe framework
On spring cylinder vibration information caused by external sound wave signal is modulated on back rayleigh scattering signal, and then pass through interfere adjust
Make in the heterodyne frequency of heterodyne signal, by the 3rd mouthful of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier of entrance of circulator, mixed by second
After doped fiber amplifier amplification, filtered device filters out noise；Then reach photodetector, by the data collecting card of high speed Lai
Signal is gathered, is transmitted to industrial personal computer；
4) a heterodyne pulse is to obtaining a backscattering curve, continuous acquisition M bar backscattering curves, M >=50；
5) choose the signal at the same position of all backscattering curves and carry out time domain reconstruction, it will obtain same position
The signal that place changes over time, the expression formula of the signal are：I=A+B cos [2 π Δ ft+ Φ (t)], wherein Δ f are outer difference frequency
Rate, Φ (t) are the variable quantity that external sound wave signal causes light phase in the optical fiber of hydrophone array, and Φ (t) believes with external sound wave
Number amplitude proportional, which is the sensitivity of hydrophone probe, the frequency of Φ (t) and the frequency one of external sound wave signal
Cause；
6) signal y to be demodulated will will be obtained after above-mentioned target signal filter flip-flops=Bcos [2 π Δ ft+ Φ (t)], then
Treat demodulated signal and carry out heterodyne demodulation algorithm, the variable quantity Φ (t) of light phase is finally obtained, so as to obtain external sound wave signal
Amplitude and frequency.
A kind of measuring method of optical fiber acceleration transducer array system, comprises the following steps：
1) length of the optical fiber of acceleration transducer array is L, pulse recurrence frequency fs, then have fs＜ c/2nL, wherein,
C is the light velocity in vacuum, and n is the refractive index of the optical fiber of acceleration transducer array, and the sample frequency of data collecting card is fc, adopt
Sample depth is N, then has N=fc/fs；
2) narrow linewidth laser sends continuous laser, after the first coupler, is uniformly divided into two-way, all the way by the first sound
Optical modulator is by shift frequency f1And the first pulsed light is modulated into, in addition all the way by second sound-optic modulator by shift frequency f2And adjusted
The second pulsed light is made, the frequency difference Δ f=f between the first pulsed light and the second pulsed light1-f2As heterodyne frequency；Second arteries and veins
It is L to wash off by lengthdTime delay optical fiber, separated with the first pulsed light in time domain；First pulsed light and the second pulsed light warp
After crossing the second coupler closing light, two pulses one in front and one in back are obtained, form a heterodyne pulse pair, the heterodyne of heterodyne pulse pair
Frequency is Δ f, heterodyne pulse pair at intervals of Ld；
3) after heterodyne pulse is to first passing through the amplification of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator is entered by first, is passed through
The optical fiber of second mouthful of injection acceleration transducer array of circulator；Heterodyne pulse is in the optical fiber of acceleration transducer array
Back rayleigh scattering signal is produced, as heterodyne signal, the extraneous vibration signal in acceleration transducer array received to air
Vibration information caused by extraneous vibration signal is modulated to by the spring cylinder on acceleration transducer skeleton afterwards and is dissipated backwards to Rayleigh
Penetrate on signal, and then in the heterodyne frequency by interference modulations to heterodyne signal, mixed by the 3rd mouthful of entrance second of circulator
Doped fiber amplifier, after the amplification of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, filtered device filters out noise；Then photodetection is reached
Device, gathers signal by the data collecting card of high speed, is transmitted to industrial personal computer；
4) a heterodyne pulse is to obtaining a backscattering curve, continuous acquisition M bar backscattering curves, M >=50；
5) choose the signal at the same position of all backscattering curves and carry out time domain reconstruction, it will obtain same position
The signal that place changes over time, the expression formula of the signal are：I=A+B cos [2 π Δ ft+ Φ (t)], wherein Δ f are outer difference frequency
Rate, Φ (t) are the variable quantity that extraneous vibration signal causes light phase in the optical fiber of acceleration transducer array, Φ (t) with it is extraneous
The amplitude proportional of vibration signal, the ratio are the sensitivity of acceleration transducer, frequency and the extraneous vibration signal of Φ (t)
Frequency it is consistent；
6) signal y to be demodulated will will be obtained after above-mentioned target signal filter flip-flops=Bcos [2 π Δ ft+ Φ (t)], then
Treat demodulated signal and carry out heterodyne demodulation algorithm, the variable quantity Φ (t) of light phase is finally obtained, so as to obtain extraneous vibration signal
Amplitude and frequency.
Advantages of the present invention：
The present invention produces heterodyne pulse pair, by interfering in external sound wave signal modulation to heterodyne frequency, passes through heterodyne
Demodulation, obtains the external sound wave signal in water；Heterodyne pulse pair is introduced in traditional Φ-OTDR systems, realizes phase
The demodulation of information；The present invention completely dispenses with the devices such as addition coupler, faraday's rotating mirror, compared to existing only with an optical fiber
Some technologies, which have, greatly to be simplified, and each hydrophone primitive achieves the detectivity identical with existing system.Separately
The outer program can equally be used in optical fiber acceleration transducer array, and an optical fiber is wound on multiple acceleration sensings successively
Acceleration transducer array is then formed on device skeleton, so as to detect the extraneous vibration signal in air.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of one embodiment of the Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is to be dissipated backwards according to what one embodiment of the measuring method of the Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system of the present invention obtained
Penetrate the 3-D view of curve；
Fig. 3 is to be calculated according to the heterodyne demodulation of one embodiment of the measuring method of the Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system of the present invention
The schematic diagram of method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.
As shown in Figure 1, the Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system of the present embodiment includes：Narrow linewidth laser S, the first coupler
OC1, first sound-optic modulator AOM1, second sound-optic modulator AOM2, time delay optical fiber DF, the second coupler OC2, the first er-doped light
Fiber amplifier EDFA1, circulator C, the second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA 2, wave filter F, photoelectric detector PD, data collecting card
DAQ and industrial personal computer IPC；Wherein, optical fiber OF, which is wrapped on hydrophone probe framework HS, forms hydrophone probe, and an optical fiber is successively
It is wrapped in multiple hydrophone probe frameworks and forms hydrophone array H1~Hn；Narrow linewidth laser S sends continuous laser；Through
After one coupler OC1, uniformly it is divided into two-way, all the way by first sound-optic modulator AOM1 by shift frequency f1And it is modulated into the first arteries and veins
Wash off, in addition all the way by second sound-optic modulator AOM2 by shift frequency f2And be modulated into the second pulsed light, the first pulsed light with
Frequency difference Δ f=f between second pulsed light1-f2As heterodyne frequency；Second pulsed light is L by lengthdTime delay optical fiber
DF, separates with the first pulsed light in time domain；First pulsed light and the second pulsed light obtain after the second coupler OC2 closing lights
To two pulses one in front and one in back, a heterodyne pulse pair is formed, the heterodyne frequency of heterodyne pulse pair is Δ f, heterodyne pulse pair
At intervals of Ld；After heterodyne pulse is to first passing through the amplification of the first erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA 1, circulator is entered by first
C, passes through the optical fiber of second mouthful of injection hydrophone array of circulator C；Heterodyne pulse in the optical fiber of hydrophone array to producing
Back rayleigh scattering signal, as heterodyne signal, the external sound wave signal that hydrophone array receives is by interference modulations outside
In the heterodyne frequency of difference signal；Heterodyne signal passes through the 3rd mouthful of the second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA of entrance 2 of circulator C, warp
After crossing the amplification of the second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA 2, filtered device F filters out noise；Then photoelectric detector PD is reached, by height
The data collecting card DAQ of speed gathers signal, the heterodyne demodulation of signal is finally carried out on industrial personal computer IPC, so as to obtain the external world
Acoustic signals.First sound-optic modulator AOM1 and second sound-optic modulator AOM2 is respectively connected to the driver of acousto-optic modulator
AOMD。
In the present embodiment, a root long degree carrys out coiling hydrophone array for the optical fiber of 1km, around 19m on each hydrophone probe
Optical fiber, two hydrophone probe interval 4m, you can 43 hydrophone probes of coiling.
The measuring method of the Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system of this implementation, comprises the following steps：
1) narrow linewidth laser sends continuous laser, centre frequency f0, after the first coupler, uniformly it is divided into two-way,
All the way by first sound-optic modulator by shift frequency f1And the first pulsed light is modulated into, frequency f0+f1, in addition all the way by the
Two acousto-optic modulators are by shift frequency f2And the second pulsed light is modulated into, frequency f0+f2, the first pulsed light and the second pulsed light it
Between frequency difference Δ f=f1-f2As heterodyne frequency；Second pulsed light is L by lengthdTime delay optical fiber, with the first pulsed light
Separated in time domain；First pulsed light and the second pulsed light obtain two arteries and veins one in front and one in back after the second coupler closing light
Punching, forms a heterodyne pulse pair, and the heterodyne frequency Δ f of heterodyne pulse pair is 50kHz, heterodyne pulse pair at intervals of Ld；
2) after heterodyne pulse is to first passing through the amplification of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator is entered by first, is passed through
The optical fiber of second mouthful of injection hydrophone array of circulator；Heterodyne pulse in the optical fiber of hydrophone array to producing backwards to Rayleigh
Scattered signal, as heterodyne signal, the external sound wave signal in the water that hydrophone array receives passes through interference modulations to heterodyne
In the heterodyne frequency of signal, by the 3rd mouthful of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier of entrance of circulator, put by the second Er-doped fiber
After big device amplification, filtered device filters out noise；Then photodetector is reached, letter is gathered by the data collecting card of high speed
Number, it is transmitted to industrial personal computer；
3) a heterodyne pulse is to obtaining a backscattering curve, continuous acquisition M bar backscattering curves, M=100,
As shown in Figure 2；
4) choose the signal at the same position of all backscattering curves and carry out time domain reconstruction, it will obtain same position
The signal that place changes over time, the expression formula of the signal are：I=A+B cos [2 π Δ ft+ Φ (t)], wherein Δ f are outer difference frequency
Rate, Φ (t) are the variable quantity that external sound wave signal causes light phase in the optical fiber of hydrophone array, and Φ (t) believes with external sound wave
Number amplitude proportional, the frequency of Φ (t) are consistent with the frequency of external sound wave signal；
5) signal y to be demodulated will will be obtained after above-mentioned target signal filter flip-flops=B cos [2 π Δ ft+ Φ (t)], so
After treat demodulated signal carry out heterodyne demodulation algorithm, as shown in figure 3, specific algorithm process is：By signal y to be demodulatedsRespectively with
Sinusoidal signal sin (2 π Δ ft) and cosine signal cos (2 π Δ ft) is mixed and respectively by low-pass filter LPF (filtering
The cutoff frequency of device≤Δ f), then both be divided by the ratio that obtains both, can finally be obtained by arc tangent arctan computings
To the variable quantity Φ (t) of light phase.
It is finally noted that the purpose for publicizing and implementing example is that help further understands the present invention, but this area
Technical staff be appreciated that：Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, it is various to replace and repair
It is all possible for changing.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to embodiment disclosure of that, and the scope of protection of present invention is to weigh
Subject to the scope that sharp claim defines.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system, it is characterised in that the Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system includes：Narrow-linewidth laser
Device, hydrophone array, the first coupler, first sound-optic modulator, second sound-optic modulator, time delay optical fiber, the second coupler,
One erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator, the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, wave filter, photodetector, data collecting card and industry control
Machine；Wherein, Optical Fiber Winding forms hydrophone probe in hydrophone probe framework, and an optical fiber is wrapped in multiple hydrophones successively
Hydrophone array is formed in probe framework；The narrow linewidth laser sends continuous laser；After the first coupler, uniformly it is divided into
Two-way, all the way by first sound-optic modulator by shift frequency f1And the first pulsed light is modulated into, in addition pass through the second acousto-optic all the way
Modulator is by shift frequency f2And the second pulsed light is modulated into, the frequency difference Δ f=f between the first pulsed light and the second pulsed light1-
f2As heterodyne frequency；Second pulsed light is L by lengthdTime delay optical fiber, separated with the first pulsed light in time domain；First
Pulsed light and the second pulsed light obtain two pulses one in front and one in back after the second coupler closing light, form a heterodyne arteries and veins
Punching pair, the heterodyne frequency of heterodyne pulse pair are Δ f, heterodyne pulse pair at intervals of Ld；Heterodyne pulse is to first passing through the first er-doped
After fiber amplifier amplification, circulator is entered by first, injects hydrophone array by second mouthful of circulator；Heterodyne arteries and veins
Punching in the optical fiber of hydrophone array to producing back rayleigh scattering signal, and as heterodyne signal, hydrophone array receives water
In external sound wave signal after by the spring cylinder in hydrophone probe framework by vibration information tune caused by external sound wave signal
Make on back rayleigh scattering signal, and then in the heterodyne frequency by interference modulations to heterodyne signal；Heterodyne signal passes through ring
3rd mouthful of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier of entrance of shape device, after the amplification of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, filtered device filter
Except noise；Then photodetector is reached, signal is gathered by the data collecting card of high speed, signal is finally carried out on industrial personal computer
Heterodyne demodulation, so that external sound wave signal is obtained, wherein, f1≠f2, Ld>0。
2. Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that sample frequency, that is, pulse of heterodyne signal
Repetition rate is more than 4 times of heterodyne frequency Δ f；The interval L of heterodyne pulse pairdMore than pulse width w, on this basis between
Every as far as possible small.
3. Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the frequency of detectable external sound wave signal
The upper limit of rate is the half of heterodyne frequency, the lower limit of the frequency of detectable external sound wave signal by for time domain reconstruction backwards
The bar number decision of scattering curve, lower-frequency limit fs/ M, wherein fsFor pulse recurrence frequency, M is backwards to scattered for time domain reconstruction
Penetrate the bar number of curve.
A kind of 4. optical fiber acceleration transducer array system, it is characterised in that the optical fiber acceleration transducer array system bag
Include：Narrow linewidth laser, acceleration transducer array, the first coupler, first sound-optic modulator, second sound-optic modulator, prolong
When optical fiber, the second coupler, the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator, the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, wave filter, photoelectricity visit
Survey device, data collecting card and industrial personal computer；Wherein, Optical Fiber Winding forms acceleration transducer on acceleration transducer skeleton, and one
Root optical fiber is wrapped in formation acceleration transducer array on multiple acceleration transducer skeletons successively；Narrow linewidth laser sends company
Continuous laser；After the first coupler, uniformly it is divided into two-way, all the way by first sound-optic modulator by shift frequency f1And it is modulated into
One pulsed light, in addition all the way by second sound-optic modulator by shift frequency f2And be modulated into the second pulsed light, the first pulsed light with
Frequency difference Δ f=f between second pulsed light1-f2As heterodyne frequency；Second pulsed light is L by lengthdTime delay optical fiber,
Separated with the first pulsed light in time domain；First pulsed light and the second pulsed light are after the second coupler closing light, before obtaining one
Two pulses after one, form a heterodyne pulse pair, and the heterodyne frequency of heterodyne pulse pair is Δ f, the interval of heterodyne pulse pair
For Ld；After heterodyne pulse is to first passing through the amplification of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator is entered by first, passes through circulator
Second mouthful of injection acceleration transducer array；Heterodyne pulse in the optical fiber of acceleration transducer array to producing backwards to Rayleigh
Scattered signal, as heterodyne signal, passes through acceleration after the extraneous vibration signal in acceleration transducer array received to air
Vibration information caused by extraneous vibration signal is modulated on back rayleigh scattering signal by the spring cylinder on sensor framework, and then
In heterodyne frequency by interference modulations to heterodyne signal；The 3rd mouthful of the second Er-doped fiber of entrance that heterodyne signal passes through circulator
Amplifier, after the amplification of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, filtered device filters out noise；Then photodetector is reached, by
The data collecting card collection signal of high speed, finally carries out the heterodyne demodulation of signal on industrial personal computer, so as to obtain extraneous vibration letter
Number, wherein, f1≠f2, Ld>0。
5. optical fiber acceleration transducer array system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the sample frequency of heterodyne signal
I.e. pulse recurrence frequency is more than 4 times of heterodyne frequency Δ f；The interval L of heterodyne pulse pairdMore than pulse width w, in this base
It is spaced on plinth as far as possible small.
6. a kind of measuring method of Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array system, it is characterised in that the measuring method comprises the following steps：
1) length of the optical fiber of hydrophone array is L, pulse recurrence frequency fs, then have fs＜ c/2nL, wherein, c is in vacuum
The light velocity, n be hydrophone array optical fiber refractive index, the sample frequency of data collecting card is fc, sampling depth N, then have N
=fc/fs；
2) narrow linewidth laser sends continuous laser, after the first coupler, is uniformly divided into two-way, all the way by the first acousto-optic tune
Device processed is by shift frequency f1And the first pulsed light is modulated into, in addition all the way by second sound-optic modulator by shift frequency f2And it is modulated into
Second pulsed light, the frequency difference Δ f=f between the first pulsed light and the second pulsed light1-f2As heterodyne frequency；Second pulsed light
It is L by lengthdTime delay optical fiber, separated with the first pulsed light in time domain；First pulsed light and the second pulsed light are by the
After two coupler closing lights, two pulses one in front and one in back are obtained, form a heterodyne pulse pair, the heterodyne frequency of heterodyne pulse pair
For Δ f, heterodyne pulse pair at intervals of Ld；
3) after heterodyne pulse is to first passing through the amplification of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator is entered by first, passes through annular
The optical fiber of second mouthful of injection hydrophone array of device；Heterodyne pulse in the optical fiber of hydrophone array to producing back rayleigh scattering
Signal, as heterodyne signal, hydrophone array is received after the external sound wave signal in water by hydrophone probe framework
Vibration information caused by external sound wave signal is modulated on back rayleigh scattering signal, and then is arrived by interference modulations by spring cylinder
In the heterodyne frequency of heterodyne signal, by the 3rd mouthful of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier of entrance of circulator, by the second er-doped light
After fiber amplifier amplification, filtered device filters out noise；Then photodetector is reached, is gathered by the data collecting card of high speed
Signal, is transmitted to industrial personal computer；
4) a heterodyne pulse is to obtaining a backscattering curve, continuous acquisition M bar backscattering curves；
5) choose the signal at the same position of all backscattering curves and carry out time domain reconstruction, it will obtain at same position with
The signal of time change, the expression formula of the signal are：I=A+Bcos [2 π Δ ft+ Φ (t)], wherein Δ f are heterodyne frequency, Φ
(t) variable quantity of light phase in the optical fiber of hydrophone array, the width of Φ (t) and external sound wave signal are caused for external sound wave signal
Spend directly proportional, the frequency of Φ (t) is consistent with the frequency of external sound wave signal；
6) signal y to be demodulated will will be obtained after above-mentioned target signal filter flip-flops=Bcos [2 π Δ ft+ Φ (t)], is then treated
Demodulated signal carries out heterodyne demodulation algorithm, the variable quantity Φ (t) of light phase is finally obtained, so as to obtain the width of external sound wave signal
Degree and frequency.
7. measuring method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that in step 4), the bar number M of backscattering curve >=
50。
8. measuring method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that in step 6), treat demodulated signal and carry out heterodyne solution
Algorithm is adjusted, detailed process is：By signal y to be demodulatedsRespectively with sinusoidal signal sin (2 π Δ ft) and cosine signal cos (2 π Δs
Ft) it is mixed and passes through low-pass filter respectively, then both is divided by the ratio for obtaining both, finally by arc tangent
Arctan computings obtain the variable quantity Φ (t) of light phase.
9. a kind of measuring method of optical fiber acceleration transducer array system, it is characterised in that the measuring method includes following
Step：
1) length of the optical fiber of acceleration transducer array is L, pulse recurrence frequency fs, then have fs＜ c/2nL, wherein, c is
The light velocity in vacuum, n are the refractive index of the optical fiber of acceleration transducer array, and the sample frequency of data collecting card is fc, sampling
Depth is N, then has N=fc/fs；
2) narrow linewidth laser sends continuous laser, after the first coupler, is uniformly divided into two-way, all the way by the first acousto-optic tune
Device processed is by shift frequency f1And the first pulsed light is modulated into, in addition all the way by second sound-optic modulator by shift frequency f2And it is modulated into
Second pulsed light, the frequency difference Δ f=f between the first pulsed light and the second pulsed light1-f2As heterodyne frequency；Second pulsed light
It is L by lengthdTime delay optical fiber, separated with the first pulsed light in time domain；First pulsed light and the second pulsed light are by the
After two coupler closing lights, two pulses one in front and one in back are obtained, form a heterodyne pulse pair, the heterodyne frequency of heterodyne pulse pair
For Δ f, heterodyne pulse pair at intervals of Ld；
3) after heterodyne pulse is to first passing through the amplification of the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator is entered by first, passes through annular
The optical fiber of second mouthful of injection acceleration transducer array of device；Heterodyne pulse in the optical fiber of acceleration transducer array to producing
Back rayleigh scattering signal, as heterodyne signal, leads to after the extraneous vibration signal in acceleration transducer array received to air
Vibration information caused by extraneous vibration signal is modulated to back rayleigh scattering letter by the spring cylinder crossed on acceleration transducer skeleton
On number, and then in the heterodyne frequency by interference modulations to heterodyne signal, pass through the 3rd mouthful of entrance the second er-doped light of circulator
Fiber amplifier, after the amplification of the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, filtered device filters out noise；Then photodetector is reached,
Signal is gathered by the data collecting card of high speed, is transmitted to industrial personal computer；
4) a heterodyne pulse is to obtaining a backscattering curve, continuous acquisition M bar backscattering curves；
5) choose the signal at the same position of all backscattering curves and carry out time domain reconstruction, it will obtain at same position with
The signal of time change, the expression formula of the signal are：I=A+Bcos [2 π Δ ft+ Φ (t)], wherein Δ f are heterodyne frequency, Φ
(t) variable quantity of light phase in the optical fiber of acceleration transducer array is caused for extraneous vibration signal, Φ (t) believes with extraneous vibration
Number amplitude proportional, the frequency of Φ (t) is consistent with the frequency of extraneous vibration signal；
6) signal y to be demodulated will will be obtained after above-mentioned target signal filter flip-flops=Bcos [2 π Δ ft+ Φ (t)], is then treated
Demodulated signal carries out heterodyne demodulation algorithm, the variable quantity Φ (t) of light phase is finally obtained, so as to obtain the width of extraneous vibration signal
Degree and frequency.
10. measuring method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that in step 4), the bar number M of backscattering curve >=
50。
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