CN108012340A - A kind of multicarrier cooperation slotted Aloha method - Google Patents
A kind of multicarrier cooperation slotted Aloha method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108012340A CN108012340A CN201711182527.0A CN201711182527A CN108012340A CN 108012340 A CN108012340 A CN 108012340A CN 201711182527 A CN201711182527 A CN 201711182527A CN 108012340 A CN108012340 A CN 108012340A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using carrier sensing, e.g. as in CSMA
- H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using carrier sensing, e.g. as in CSMA carrier sensing with collision avoidance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
- H04J11/0023—Interference mitigation or co-ordination
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
- H04W74/0833—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure
- H04W74/0841—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure with collision treatment
- H04W74/085—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure with collision treatment collision avoidance
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multicarrier cooperation slotted Aloha method, belong to wireless communication technology field.This method builds satellite wireless communication scene first；Then each transmitting node stores the frame to be sent of itself, and is organized into the data packet identical with the slot length in carrier wave and is replicated；Each transmitting node randomly chooses time slot position from each carrier wave, for each data packet to be sent.Each duplicate packet of the transmitting node can be attached to the time slot position information of all duplicate packets on the head of each transmitting node own message before sending, be encoded and carrier modulation, be transmitted to receiving terminal.Last receiving terminal separates the signal on each carrier wave, and the frame information on each carrier wave is deposited into memory, and carries out multicarrier cooperation interference and eliminate, until all data packets are properly received or reach maximum iteration.Cost of the present invention is low, and resource utilization ratio is high, significantly improves the handling capacity and packet loss performance of system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology field, is specifically a kind of multicarrier cooperation slotted Aloha method.
Background technology
In the past few years, Internet of Things (Internet of Things) has attracted the research of many research institutes and enterprise emerging
Interest.But in many application scenarios, Node distribution can not access ground core network in remote area.
Remote internet of things (Internet of Remote Things) is that the node access problem under these application scenarios carries
A low cost, efficient solution are supplied.Remote internet of things is further expanded communication and is covered using satellite as communication relay
Lid scope, and overcome remote districts because the reason ground base station such as terrain be difficult to deployment the problem of.
A comprehensive market report provided according to global industry analyst is pointed out, to satellite-based machine in 2017 to machine
Device market has reached 1,700,000,000 U.S. dollars, with the development of global communication industry, this machine using satellite as communication relay to machine
The communication (M2M) of device has boundless market, and remote internet of things has the scene much applied, such as：Intelligent grid (Smart
) and environmental monitoring (Environment Monitoring) etc. Grid；These application scenarios have distributed areas farther out, node compared with
The features such as access of more and node is frequent so that traditional multiple access technique is difficult to be applicable in, and also suffers from cost and satellite
The limitation of the conditions such as Radio Resource anxiety.
Traditional multiple access technique is divided into competitive type and non-competitive；Non-competitive multiple access technique is channel
Resource allocation is used to fixed user, typical such as TDMA and MF-TDMA.Non-competitive multiple access technique is in long-range thing
Networking etc. in application scenarios can there are resource utilization ratio it is relatively low the problem of.Competitive type multiple access technique is competed by user
System access-in resource, it is typical as competition eliminates diversity Slot-aloha (Contention Resolution Diversity
Slotted Aloha, CRDSA) and by its derivative CRDSA++ and irregular duplication Slot-aloha (Irregular
Repetition Slotted Aloha)IRSA.These single carrier multiple access techniques are suitable for loading relatively low scene, in height
Load application conditions under can there are packet loss it is higher the problem of.
The content of the invention
The present invention is based on remote internet of things, and there is the satellite multiple access under the high capacity application scene of a large amount of access nodes to connect
Enter, it is proposed that a kind of multicarrier cooperation Slot-aloha (Multi-Carrier Cooperative Slotted Aloha, MC-
CSA) method, has the characteristics that inexpensive and high resource utilization, and forthright with handling capacity more more preferable than CRDSA and packet loss
Energy.
Comprise the following steps that：
Step 1: structure has the satellite wireless communication scene of transmitting node, multicarrier and receiving terminal；
The communication scenes include some transmitting nodes, and some transmitting nodes send respective data at the same time, each transmitting section
The data frame that point is sent, copies to each carrier-wave transmission to receiving terminal respectively；The carrier number of multicarrier is adjusted according to actual conditions,
The bandwidth of every carrier wave is identical；The data packet length that each transmitting node is sent is identical.
Step 2: each transmitting node by the frame to be sent of itself, is stored and is organized into and the slot length phase in carrier wave
Same data packet, and replicated data packet according to the quantity of multicarrier；
Step 3: each transmitting node selects at random from mutually independent each carrier wave for each data packet to be sent
Select time slot position.
Step 4: being directed to each transmitting node, each duplicate packet of the transmitting node can be all multiple before sending
The time slot position information of data packet processed is attached to the head of own message, and is encoded and carrier modulation, is transmitted to reception eventually
End.
Step 5: receiving terminal separates the signal on each carrier wave by digital demodulator, and by each carrier wave
On frame information be deposited into memory.
Eliminated Step 6: carrying out multicarrier cooperation interference to the frame information in memory, until all data packets successfully connect
Receive or reach maximum iteration.
Comprise the following steps that：
Step 601, for interference cancellation process, the iterations of initial setting up counter is 1；
When reaching the maximum iterations of setting, exit interference and eliminate flow.
Step 602, find the data packet not collided for the frame information on each carrier wave, receiving terminal；
At least one in the copy package that each transmitting node is sent over a number of carriers does not collide；The hair at this time
The data for penetrating node transmission are successfully received.
Step 603, for each carrier wave, by the data packet on the carrier wave of successful reception, according to the positional information on head,
By recoding and modulated process, the copy package on other carrier waves of the data packet is removed；
Step 604, eliminate remaining carrier wave after interference, can be properly received the copy package of other transmitting nodes；
Step 605, repeat the above steps, and is successfully connect until reaching maximum iterations or all data packets
Receive.
The advantage of the invention is that：
The present invention is the multicarrier cooperation multiple access technique for having inexpensive and high resource utilization ratio, is significantly changed
It has been apt to the handling capacity and packet loss performance of system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall flow figure of multicarrier cooperation slotted Aloha method；
Fig. 2 is the system construction drawing based on multicarrier cooperation Slot-aloha technology；
Fig. 3 is iterative interference cancellation process schematic；
Fig. 4 is that Aloha technologies, CRDSA and DSA throughput performances based on multicarrier cooperation time slot compare；
Fig. 5 is that Aloha technologies, CRDSA and DSA packet loss performances based on multicarrier cooperation time slot compare.
Embodiment
In order to better illustrate the present invention, done further in detail with specific implementation of the embodiment to the present invention referring to the drawings
Thin description.
The present invention is directed to the satellite wireless communication scene with a large amount of access nodes or terminal, in transmitting terminal, in multiple loads
Identical copy package is sent on ripple according to predetermined rule, passes through the cooperation iterative interference cancellation skill between multicarrier in receiving terminal
Art, to solve the problems, such as data packet collision between user.Show from simulation result, compared with typical CRDSA technologies, no matter is MC-CSA
A degree of lifting is obtained in handling capacity or packet loss performance；Especially in 3 bar carrier waves (or 3 copy packages)
Under scene, performance boost is more notable.
As shown in Figure 1, comprise the following steps that：
Step 1: structure has the satellite wireless communication scene of transmitting node, multicarrier and receiving terminal；
As shown in Fig. 2, the communication scenes are multicarrier multiple access system, including some transmitting nodes, some transmitting sections
Point sends respective data at the same time, and the data frame that each transmitting node is sent, copies to each carrier-wave transmission to receiving terminal respectively；
The carrier number of multicarrier is adjusted according to actual conditions, and the bandwidth of every carrier wave is identical；Each user of transmitting terminal can send identical
The data packet of length, and data packet length is identical with the slot length in carrier wave.
Access process can be completed on access star, so as to greatly reduce the propagation delay in communication process.
Step 2: each transmitting node by the frame to be sent of itself, is stored and is organized into and the slot length phase in carrier wave
Same data packet, and replicated data packet according to the quantity of multicarrier；
Once transmitting terminal has message to need to send, it first stores message the data packet for being organized into certain length.
Since the message sent in sensor network is generally shorter, the message of temperature and humidity is such as represented, to transmitting terminal storage capacity
It is of less demanding.
Step 3: each transmitting node selects at random from mutually independent each carrier wave for each data packet to be sent
Select time slot position.
When transmitting terminal often sends a data packet, each frame is the Bao Xuan in specified mutually independent multiple carrier waves
Select sending time slots position.As shown in figure 3, setting each terminal sends 2 copy packages, it is therefore desirable to is respectively on 2 carrier waves
Each copy package selection sending time slots.In order to avoid transmitting terminal peak power is excessive, transmitting terminal will not send copy package at the same time, i.e.,
Will not be that copy package selects identical time-gap number；The process of different user selection sending time slots is mutually independent.
Step 4: being directed to each transmitting node, each duplicate packet of the transmitting node can be all multiple before sending
The time slot position information of data packet processed is attached to the head of own message, and is encoded and carrier modulation, is transmitted to reception eventually
End.
Before sending every time, the time slot position information of itself and other copy packages can be attached to this and answered by each copy package
The head of bag message processed, then by launching after coding and carrier modulation process.
Step 5: receiving terminal separates the signal on each carrier wave by digital demodulator, and by each carrier wave
On frame information be deposited into memory.
Since copy package can independently be sent over a number of carriers, receiving terminal firstly the need of by digital demodulator overloading
Ripple input signal is separated, and then the frame information on different carrier waves is deposited among memory, so that follow-up multicarrier is assisted
Make interference cancellation process.
Eliminated Step 6: carrying out multicarrier cooperation interference to the frame information in memory, until all data packets successfully connect
Receive or reach maximum iteration.
Comprise the following steps that：
Step 601, for interference cancellation process, the iterations of initial setting up counter is 1；
Each interference cancellation process can all set a counter to calculate the iterations in interference cancellation process, should be repeatedly
Generation number is initialized as 1, when reaching maximum iteration, then exits interference and eliminates flow.
Step 602, find the data packet not collided for the frame information on each carrier wave, receiving terminal；
At least one in the copy package that each transmitting node is sent over a number of carriers does not collide；The hair at this time
The data for penetrating node transmission are successfully received.
Receiving terminal first looks for the data packet (clean packet) not collided, such as the data packet U1_1 in Fig. 3.
For the data packet due to not colliding with other data packets, demodulated and decoding process can complete data packet
Detection.The data packet represents data packet after being successfully decoded and has been successfully received.
Step 603, for each carrier wave, by the data packet on the carrier wave of successful reception, according to the positional information on head,
By recoding and modulated process, the copy package on other carrier waves of the data packet is removed；
Data packet U1_1 is carried by the process recoded with remodulates to remove other copy packages of the bag at other
Interference caused by ripple；After data packet U1_1 is properly received, the copy package U1_2 of user 1 is removed, so as to remove second
Copy package U1_2 is disturbed caused by the copy package Um_2 of user m on carrier wave.
Step 604, eliminate remaining carrier wave after interference, can be properly received the copy package of other transmitting nodes；
Copy package Um_2 is since interference caused by copy package U1_2 is eliminated, so as to become clean packet.
Step 605, repeat the above steps, and is successfully connect until reaching maximum iterations or all data packets
Receive.
Multicarrier cooperation interference eliminates the collision problem that can solve most of data packets；But the situation for " ring " occur is removed
Outside.
" ring " is referred to when the copy package of user and the copy package of other users are all there is a situation where identical collision,
As the copy package of user 2 and user 3 are all collided on different carrier waves in Fig. 3.This collision is by disturbing the elimination to be
It is insurmountable, because of the collision that referred to herein as intangibility is determined.
This collision that can not be solved is the main reason for causing multicarrier cooperation Slot-aloha packet loss.
The index that multiple access technique performance is judged in multiple access technique field is mainly handling capacity and packet loss.This
Invention establishes analysis model based on multicarrier cooperation Slot-aloha technology at the same time, it was demonstrated that it has under high load situation
Performance advantage.
Carrier number is set as Ncar, since transmitting terminal can all send copy package on every carrier wave, each user sends
The quantity of bag be equal to Ncar.In general, the unit of average load is packets/slot, refer to remove code check r and modulation
The influence of number M, uses normalized load：
G=λ × rlog2M/Ncar 1)
Wherein, λ is average load, and G is normalized load.
The relation of handling capacity T, normalized load G and packet loss (Packet Loss Rate, PLR) is as follows：
T (G)=G (1-PLR (G)) (2)
Assuming that the data packet of all users has identical power, and expendable collision only with Fig. 3
" ring " phenomenon is related.According to the relation of normalized load G and average load λ, learn that the user load on a carrier wave is calculated as：
N=λ (G, Ncar)·Nslot(assuming that result of calculation is integer).
Under conditions of being sent when user's copy package is different, a specific user in transmission copy package on multicarrier,
Selectable time slot position combines sumOther users select identical combination with the specific user
Probability is p=1/Nc.Can then try to achieve has the l user set of locations identical with specific user's selection in N-1 user of arrival
The probability of conjunction：
What above-mentioned formula was tried to achieve is the probability for having l user to form " ring " with specific user.Then multicarrier collaboration time slot
The packet loss formula of Aloha is：
Wherein, Ploop(l) be the packet loss under conditions of " ring " is formed probability,It is the condition for not forming " ring "
Under in NiterThe probability of packet loss during secondary iterative interference cancellation.The packet loss calculation formula of iterative interference cancellation process is such as
Under：
Pcoll(t) represent there is the probability that the copy package of t data packet and specific user collide in a carrier wave,Represent under conditions of t interference bag, by NiterStill the probability of packet loss after iterative interference cancellation.Due to different use
The data packet at family is mutually independent, therefore in a carrier wave, the data packet of other users data packet and specific user occur
It is p that the probability of collision, which obeys success rate,c=1/NslotBi-distribution, can obtain：
Pcoll(t；G,Nslots)=f (t；N-1,pc) (6)
Wherein f represents bi-distribution, and N-1 represents experiment number, pcIt is success rate.Since the loading condition of every carrier wave is
Identical, therefore for a user, packet loss of its copy package on each bar carrier wave is identical, is allSo for t interference bag, as long as their NcarAt least one is successfully received -1 copy package, they are right
The interference of specific data packet can just eliminate.And for particular data packet, the interference of all t interference bags all eliminates it
It can be successfully received.Then specified packet passes through NiterThe probability of packet loss is after iteration：
Wherein q is the packet loss tried to achieve by the previous ones process of the gained of formula 5.Work as NiterWhen=0,Initialization
For 1.
The performance simulation process of multicarrier cooperation Slot-aloha (MC-CSA) and CRDSA, DSA, which consider, is obeying logarithm just
The unbalanced situation of power of state distribution (μ=0, σ=0,3dB), respectively compares their handling capacity and packet loss performance
Compared with.
As shown in figure 4, it is normalized load and the graph of a relation of handling capacity under three kinds of algorithms；With the increasing of normalized load
Greatly, Normalized throughput first increases, rear to decline, this is because with the increase of load, the situation of user data package collision can be got over
Come more serious, enabling the data packet being successfully received is fewer and fewer.In the unbalanced situation of copy package number and power of transmission
In the case of identical, the throughput performance of MC-CSA is better than CRDSA and DSA, in the situation that copy package number (or carrier number) is 2
It is lower than CRDSA high 0.1bits/symbol/carrier；0.5bits/symbol/carrier is improved than DSA, about DSA's
2 times；And in the case where load bag number is 3, about 0.2bits/symbol/carrier is improved than CRDSA, is improved than DSA
2.5 again.The handling capacity of MC-CSA increases with the increase of carrier number, and can be obtained by using near-far interference more preferable
Throughput performance.
As shown in figure 5, be the graph of a relation of normalized load and packet loss under three kinds of algorithms, each parameter and Fig. 4 phases of use
Together, with the increase of normalized load, due to data packet collision, the packet loss of each algorithm is ever-increasing.Defending
In star communication, generally require to keep certain packet loss performance, to ensure the telecommunication service quality of user.It is 10 in packet loss-2
When, in the case where copy package number is 2, the handling capacity that DSA can be obtained is 0.1bits/symbol/carrier (reference charts
4), CRDSA for 0.5bits/symbol/carrier, and MC-CSA can obtain up to 0.8bits/symbol/carrier's
Handling capacity, 60% is improved than CRDSA；And the handling capacity of MC-CSA can be lifted further under the conditions of power is unbalanced
1.2bits/symbol/carrier.It is 10 in packet loss requirement-4In the case of, the MC-CSA that copy package number is 3 can still be obtained about
The throughput performance of 1.2bits/symbol/carrier, is 1.6bits/symbol/ under the conditions of power is unbalanced
Carrier, will improve about 50% performance than typical CRSA.
Claims (2)
- The slotted Aloha method 1. a kind of multicarrier cooperates, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：Step 1: structure has the satellite wireless communication scene of transmitting node, multicarrier and receiving terminal；Step 2: each transmitting node by the frame to be sent of itself, is stored and is organized into identical with the slot length in carrier wave Data packet, and replicated data packet according to the quantity of multicarrier；Step 3: each transmitting node is from mutually independent each carrier wave, when being randomly choosed for each data packet to be sent Gap position；Step 4: being directed to each transmitting node, each duplicate packet of the transmitting node can be all duplication numbers before sending The head of own message is attached to according to the time slot position information of bag, and is encoded and carrier modulation, is transmitted to receiving terminal；Step 5: receiving terminal separates the signal on each carrier wave by digital demodulator, and by each carrier wave Frame information is deposited into memory；Step 6: in memory frame information carry out multicarrier cooperation interference eliminate, until all data packets be properly received or Person reaches maximum iteration；Comprise the following steps that：Step 601, for interference cancellation process, the iterations of initial setting up counter is 1；When reaching the maximum iterations of setting, exit interference and eliminate flow；Step 602, find the data packet not collided for the frame information on each carrier wave, receiving terminal；At least one in the copy package that each transmitting node is sent over a number of carriers does not collide；The transmitting section at this time The data that point is sent are successfully received；Step 603, for each carrier wave, the data packet on the carrier wave of successful reception according to the positional information on head, is passed through Recodification and modulated process, remove the copy package on other carrier waves of the data packet；Step 604, eliminate remaining carrier wave after interference, can be properly received the copy package of other transmitting nodes；Step 605, repeat the above steps, and is successfully received until reaching maximum iterations or all data packets.
- 2. a kind of multicarrier cooperation slotted Aloha method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step 1 Communication scenes include some transmitting nodes, and some transmitting nodes send respective data, the number that each transmitting node is sent at the same time According to frame, each carrier-wave transmission is copied to respectively to receiving terminal；The carrier number of multicarrier is adjusted according to actual conditions, every carrier wave Bandwidth is identical；The data packet length that each transmitting node is sent is identical.
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| CN109392163B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-11-10 | 西安交通大学 | Random frequency division multiple access system multi-carrier allocation method based on collision probability |
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