CN108002249A - Substation equipment maintenance and repair small space boom hoisting - Google Patents
Substation equipment maintenance and repair small space boom hoisting Download PDFInfo
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- CN108002249A CN108002249A CN201810039015.7A CN201810039015A CN108002249A CN 108002249 A CN108002249 A CN 108002249A CN 201810039015 A CN201810039015 A CN 201810039015A CN 108002249 A CN108002249 A CN 108002249A
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/16—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs supported by columns, e.g. towers having their lower end mounted for slewing movements
- B66C23/166—Simple cranes with jibs which may be fixed or can slew or luff
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
- B66C1/14—Slings with hooks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/04—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs the effective length of which is variable in operation, e.g. longitudinally displaceable, extensible
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/06—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/64—Jibs
- B66C23/68—Jibs foldable or otherwise adjustable in configuration
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了变电检修狭小空间起吊装置,包括设置在移动基座上的支撑系统以及与所述支撑系统连接的起吊系统,所述支撑系统包括液压式伸缩立柱以及与所述液压式伸缩立柱底部连接的旋转电机;所述旋转电机设置在所述移动基座上,使所述支撑系统可以进行360度旋转;所述起吊系统包括相互连接的活动臂和延伸臂,所述活动臂设置为Z字形折叠臂,所述活动臂的后端设置为伸缩横梁,所述伸缩横梁与所述支撑系统连接;所述延伸臂为叉形结构吊臂,所述延伸臂设置在所述活动臂的前端,所述延伸臂前端设置平衡环,所述平衡环上设置电动起吊器或手动起吊器。本发明采用便捷高效的复合式起吊方式,体积小,适用范围广,能满足变电站的各种现场使用需求。
The invention provides a hoisting device in a narrow space for substation inspection and maintenance, which includes a support system arranged on a mobile base and a hoisting system connected with the support system. The support system includes a hydraulic telescopic column and a hydraulic telescopic column. A rotary motor connected to the bottom; the rotary motor is arranged on the mobile base, so that the support system can rotate 360 degrees; the lifting system includes a movable arm and an extension arm connected to each other, and the movable arm is set as Z-shaped folding arm, the rear end of the movable arm is set as a telescopic beam, and the telescopic beam is connected with the support system; the extension arm is a fork-shaped structure boom, and the extension arm is arranged on the movable arm At the front end, a balance ring is arranged at the front end of the extension arm, and an electric lifter or a manual lifter is arranged on the balance ring. The invention adopts a convenient and efficient composite lifting method, has small volume and wide application range, and can meet various on-site use requirements of substations.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及变电站起吊技术领域,尤其涉及变电检修狭小空间起吊装置。The invention relates to the technical field of substation lifting, in particular to a lifting device in a narrow space for substation maintenance.
背景技术Background technique
电力考核指标的日益严格,造成电力设备检修时的工作范围必须缩小,即不能因为设备检修而造成不需要检修的设备停运。但设备检修经常有起吊设备工作,如果其它设备不停电,很难保证安全距离,对人身造成不安全因素。为此在狭小的空间内进行检修工作,使用大型起吊设备已受到限制。专利号为201611114450.9的发明涉及建筑及起吊领域,具体涉及变电站吊架移动基座及变电站备用吊架。变电站吊架移动基座,其包括座体、支撑座、行走轮和调整平台。行走轮设置在座体底部,座体具有收纳腔。支撑座包括延伸部和支撑部,支撑部设置在延伸部的一端。延伸部的另一端可滑动地设置在收纳腔内,以使支撑部远离或靠近座体。支撑部用于支撑座体以使行走轮脱离地面。调整平台通过伸缩部与座体的顶面连接。这样的变电站吊架移动基座稳定、可靠,使用方便。变电站备用吊架,包括立柱、悬吊臂、吊装机构和上述的变电站吊架移动基座,立柱的一端与悬吊臂连接,立柱的另一端与调整平台的顶部连接,吊装机构设置在悬吊臂上远离立柱的一端。立柱和悬吊臂为可伸缩式结构。然而,上述小型起吊虽然可以直接到达设备附近,而且采用抬举的起吊方法,起吊高度受上方带电设备的影响较小,使用灵活、方便、安全,但是其一价格昂贵,其二在带电区使用起吊半径严重受限,目前为止能够满足我们要求的变电工程现场小型起吊在国内外市场中仍是一片空白。The increasingly stringent electric power assessment index has caused the scope of work to be reduced when the power equipment is overhauled, that is, the equipment that does not need to be overhauled cannot be shut down due to equipment overhaul. However, equipment maintenance often requires lifting equipment to work. If other equipment is not powered off, it is difficult to ensure a safe distance, which will cause unsafe factors for people. Carry out maintenance work in narrow space for this reason, use large-scale hoisting equipment to be limited. The invention with the patent number 201611114450.9 relates to the field of construction and hoisting, specifically to the mobile base of the substation hanger and the spare hanger of the substation. The mobile substation hanger base includes a base body, a support base, traveling wheels and an adjustment platform. The traveling wheels are arranged at the bottom of the base body, and the base body has a storage cavity. The support seat includes an extension part and a support part, and the support part is arranged at one end of the extension part. The other end of the extension part is slidably disposed in the receiving cavity, so that the support part is away from or close to the seat body. The supporting part is used for supporting the seat body so that the traveling wheels are detached from the ground. The adjustment platform is connected with the top surface of the seat body through the telescopic part. Such a substation hanger mobile base is stable, reliable and easy to use. Substation spare hanger, including column, suspension arm, hoisting mechanism and the above-mentioned substation hanger mobile base, one end of the column is connected with the suspension arm, the other end of the column is connected with the top of the adjustment platform, and the hoisting mechanism is set on the suspension The end of the arm away from the upright. Columns and suspension arms are retractable structures. However, although the above-mentioned small hoists can directly reach the vicinity of the equipment, and adopt the hoisting method of lifting, the hoisting height is less affected by the live equipment above, and it is flexible, convenient and safe to use, but one is expensive, and the other is to use hoisting in live areas. The radius is severely limited, and the small-scale on-site lifting of power substation projects that can meet our requirements so far is still a blank in the domestic and foreign markets.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供了变电检修狭小空间起吊装置,采用便捷高效的复合式起吊方式,体积小,适用范围广,能满足变电站的各种现场使用需求。The invention provides a hoisting device in a narrow space for substation inspection and maintenance, adopts a convenient and efficient composite hoisting method, has small volume, wide application range, and can meet various on-site use requirements of substations.
为实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案是:变电检修狭小空间起吊装置,包括设置在移动基座上的支撑系统以及与所述支撑系统连接的起吊系统,所述支撑系统包括液压式伸缩立柱以及与所述液压式伸缩立柱底部连接的旋转电机;所述旋转电机设置在所述移动基座上,使所述支撑系统可以进行360度旋转;所述起吊系统包括相互连接的活动臂和延伸臂,所述活动臂设置为Z字形折叠臂,所述活动臂的后端设置为伸缩横梁,所述伸缩横梁与所述支撑系统连接;所述延伸臂为叉形结构吊臂,所述延伸臂设置在所述活动臂的前端,所述延伸臂前端设置平衡环,所述平衡环上设置电动起吊器或手动起吊器。In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a lifting device for power substation maintenance in a small space, including a support system arranged on a mobile base and a lifting system connected with the support system, and the support system includes a hydraulic A telescopic column and a rotary motor connected to the bottom of the hydraulic telescopic column; the rotary motor is arranged on the mobile base so that the support system can rotate 360 degrees; the lifting system includes movable arms connected to each other and an extension arm, the movable arm is set as a Z-shaped folding arm, the rear end of the movable arm is set as a telescopic beam, and the telescopic beam is connected with the support system; the extension arm is a fork-shaped structure boom, and the The extension arm is arranged at the front end of the movable arm, a balance ring is arranged at the front end of the extension arm, and an electric lifter or a manual lifter is arranged on the balance ring.
进一步地,所述平衡环为一个开口且可以封闭的环形框,所述环形框与所述延伸臂的前端的形成可转动的结构,保证环形框在起吊系统运动的每个角度始终保持水平位置。Further, the balance ring is an open and closed ring frame, and the ring frame and the front end of the extension arm form a rotatable structure to ensure that the ring frame always maintains a horizontal position at every angle of the lifting system movement .
进一步地,所述环形框内壁镶衬木条或橡胶垫。Further, the inner wall of the annular frame is lined with wooden strips or rubber pads.
进一步地,所述手动起吊器包括支撑杆以及与所述支撑杆连接的手动吊臂,所述手动吊臂上设置双牵引环,所述双牵引环连接滑车组,所述滑车组通过安全牵引绳连接手动摇臂,所述手动摇臂设置在移动基座上。Further, the manual hoist includes a support rod and a manual boom connected to the support rod, and double traction rings are arranged on the manual boom, and the double traction rings are connected with blocks, and the blocks are safely towed. The rope is connected to the manual rocker, and the manual rocker is arranged on the mobile base.
进一步地,所述滑车组包括定滑轮以及在所述定滑轮下方设置的动滑轮组。Further, the pulley block includes a fixed pulley and a movable pulley set below the fixed pulley.
进一步地,所述电动起吊器包括抱箍式吊环以及与所述抱箍式吊环连接的电动拉锁机构。Further, the electric lifter includes a hoop-type lifting ring and an electric zipper mechanism connected with the hoop-type lifting ring.
进一步地,所述电动拉锁机构包括钢丝绳拉升件、液压油缸以及电动操作机构,所述电动操作机构设置在移动基座上,通过液压油缸带动钢丝绳拉升件动作,实现起吊;所述液压油缸设置在活动臂前端内部。Further, the electric zipper mechanism includes a wire rope lifting member, a hydraulic cylinder and an electric operating mechanism. The electric operating mechanism is arranged on the mobile base, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the wire rope lifting member to move to realize lifting; the hydraulic cylinder Set inside the front end of the movable arm.
进一步地,所述抱箍式吊环的外周设置一定数量的吊钩。Further, a certain number of hooks are arranged on the outer periphery of the hoop-type lifting ring.
进一步地,所述抱箍式吊环下端连接圆形滑槽,可以在起吊时旋转重物便于安装。Further, the lower end of the hoop-type lifting ring is connected with a circular chute, which can rotate the heavy object during lifting to facilitate installation.
本发明的有益效果体现在以下几个方面:The beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in the following aspects:
1、本发明可以根据工况需要,以电动起吊器或手动起吊器的不同,自由选择手动或电动的起吊模式,能够满足大量电力检修工作要求,电动操作便捷有效,手动操作省时省力,本领域技术人员可依据不同需求自由选择或结合使用。1. According to the needs of working conditions, the present invention can freely choose the manual or electric lifting mode according to the different electric hoist or manual hoist, which can meet the requirements of a large number of electric power maintenance work. The electric operation is convenient and effective, and the manual operation saves time and effort. Those skilled in the art can freely choose or use in combination according to different needs.
2、本发明在起吊抬升方式上采用了国际领先技术,吸取了传统折叠式起吊和伸缩式起吊的优点,不仅将折叠臂设计为Z字形液压或电动升降可折叠结构,可安装到小型化的检修车身底盘上,具有自重轻,作业半径小,占用空间小,承载能力大等优点,创新了传统的起吊方式,摆脱了起吊物体上方带电母线的影响,提高了施工的工作效率,可有效实现电站内部施工,而且折叠臂基础上融合伸缩臂,具有较好的抗弯能力和抗扭刚度,增大了作业半径。2. The present invention adopts the international leading technology in the hoisting and lifting method, absorbs the advantages of traditional folding lifting and telescopic lifting, not only designs the folding arm as a Z-shaped hydraulic or electric lifting and folding structure, but can be installed in a miniaturized On the chassis of the inspection and maintenance body, it has the advantages of light weight, small operating radius, small space occupation, and large carrying capacity. The internal construction of the power station, and the telescopic arm is integrated on the basis of the folding arm, which has better bending resistance and torsional rigidity, and increases the working radius.
3、本发明的手动模式采用了滑车组起吊方式,能根据牵引环支撑定向,滑车组配合起吊,作业半径小,准备工作简单,适合多数简陋工况环境,大幅减少人力施工成本与施工半径范围。3. The manual mode of the present invention adopts the hoisting method of the block block, which can be oriented according to the support of the traction ring. The block block cooperates with lifting, the working radius is small, the preparation work is simple, suitable for most simple working conditions, and the manpower construction cost and the construction radius range are greatly reduced .
4、本发明的电动模式抱箍起吊方式,起吊的伸缩臂头部装有抱箍形式的吊环,起吊时抱箍不仅起到固定(不夹紧)作用,也可起到吊钩作用;抱箍式吊环下端连接有圆形滑槽,圆形滑槽的作用是可以旋转重物便于安装。起吊时,抱箍式吊环和圆形滑槽位于电力设备重心以上部位,保证了托举过程中的稳定性。4. In the electric hoop hoisting method of the present invention, the head of the hoisting telescopic arm is equipped with a hoop-shaped hoop ring. When hoisting, the hoop not only plays the role of fixing (not clamping), but also plays the role of a hook; The lower end of the hoop ring is connected with a circular chute, and the function of the circular chute is to rotate heavy objects for easy installation. When lifting, the hoop-type lifting ring and the circular chute are located above the center of gravity of the electric equipment, which ensures the stability during the lifting process.
5、本发明改变了传统施工过程中的起吊模式,最大程度的减小电力设施在检修或安装施工中的停电范围,保障系统的安全运行,保证用户的可靠供电,通过该新型设备的应用,可提高电站施工的工作效率和施工安全性,为以后电站施工或在应急救援领域中打下坚定基础,有效解决了电力设施施工和维护与系统安全和可靠供电的矛盾。5. The present invention changes the lifting mode in the traditional construction process, minimizes the scope of power outages in the maintenance or installation of electric facilities, ensures the safe operation of the system, and ensures the reliable power supply of users. Through the application of this new type of equipment, It can improve the work efficiency and construction safety of power station construction, lay a solid foundation for future power station construction or in the field of emergency rescue, and effectively solve the contradiction between power facility construction and maintenance and system safety and reliable power supply.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的手动起吊模式结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the manual lifting mode of the present invention.
图2是本发明的电动起吊模式结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the electric hoisting mode of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例一Embodiment one
如图1所示,变电检修狭小空间起吊装置,包括设置在移动基座1上的支撑系统以及与支撑系统连接的起吊系统,支撑系统包括液压式伸缩立柱2以及与液压式伸缩立柱底部连接的旋转电机3;旋转电机3设置在移动基座1上,使支撑系统可以进行360度旋转;起吊系统包括相互连接的活动臂4和延伸臂5,活动臂设置为Z字形折叠臂,活动臂的后端设置为伸缩横梁6,伸缩横梁与支撑系统连接;延伸臂为叉形结构吊臂,延伸臂设置在活动臂的前端,延伸臂前端设置平衡环7,平衡环上设置手动起吊器9。As shown in Figure 1, the lifting device for power substation maintenance in a narrow space includes a support system arranged on a mobile base 1 and a lifting system connected to the support system. The support system includes a hydraulic telescopic column 2 and a hydraulic telescopic column connected to the bottom The rotating motor 3; the rotating motor 3 is arranged on the mobile base 1, so that the support system can rotate 360 degrees; the lifting system includes a movable arm 4 and an extension arm 5 connected to each other, and the movable arm is set as a zigzag folding arm, and the movable arm The rear end of the telescopic beam is set as a telescopic beam 6, and the telescopic beam is connected with the support system; the extension arm is a fork-shaped structure boom, and the extension arm is set at the front end of the movable arm, and the balance ring 7 is set at the front end of the extension arm, and a manual hoist 9 is set on the balance ring .
平衡环7为一个开口且可以封闭的环形框,环形框与延伸臂的前端的形成可转动的结构,保证环形框在起吊系统运动的每个角度始终保持水平位置。The balance ring 7 is an open and closed ring frame, and the ring frame and the front end of the extension arm form a rotatable structure to ensure that the ring frame keeps a horizontal position at every angle of the lifting system movement.
环形框内壁镶衬木条或橡胶垫。The inner wall of the ring frame is lined with wooden strips or rubber pads.
手动起吊器9包括支撑杆10以及与支撑杆连接的手动吊臂11,手动吊臂11上设置双牵引环12,双牵引环连接滑车组13,滑车组通过安全牵引绳连接手动摇臂14,手动摇臂14设置在移动基座上。Manual hoist 9 comprises support bar 10 and the manual boom 11 that is connected with support bar, and double traction ring 12 is set on the manual boom 11, and double traction ring connects block block 13, and block block connects manual rocker arm 14 by safety traction rope, The manual rocker arm 14 is arranged on the mobile base.
滑车组13包括定滑轮以及在定滑轮下方设置的动滑轮组。The pulley block 13 includes a fixed pulley and a movable pulley set below the fixed pulley.
本发明的起吊系统充分考虑了折叠臂和伸缩臂的优缺点,并加以创新,两者操作运行的原理不同:伸缩臂的顶部可通过飞臂连接工作篮,回转机构使工作臂360°全回转,作为主要受力构件其重量一般占整机重量的20%~25%左右,所以其关键在于伸缩机构的形式和臂架截面形式,而折叠臂相对伸缩臂自重轻,作业半径小,制作简单,收纳体积小等诸多优点,在随车起吊机上应用相对成熟,不过随车起吊机体积庞大,无法进入到电站内部进行施工,因此将折叠臂安装到小型化的底盘上是该发明的创新点,也为以后电站施工提供了一套新的施工方案。The lifting system of the present invention fully considers the advantages and disadvantages of the folding arm and the telescopic arm, and innovates them. The operating principles of the two are different: the top of the telescopic arm can be connected to the work basket through the flying arm, and the slewing mechanism makes the working arm 360°full rotation , as the main force-bearing component, its weight generally accounts for about 20%~25% of the weight of the whole machine, so the key lies in the form of the telescopic mechanism and the section form of the boom, while the folding arm is lighter in weight than the telescopic arm, has a small working radius, and is easy to manufacture , storage volume and many other advantages are relatively mature in the application of the truck-mounted crane, but the truck-mounted crane is too bulky to enter the interior of the power station for construction, so installing the folding arm on a miniaturized chassis is the innovation point of the invention , It also provides a new construction plan for the future construction of the power station.
本发明经过综合分析,该发明小型起吊若采用伸缩臂,不能完全满足起吊要求,伸缩臂作业半径大,臂长和吊重成反比关系。而采用折叠臂就能很好地解决小半径起吊问题,折叠臂结构占地面积小,起吊能力强。为了增加高度,该小型起吊折叠臂后端设置有一节伸缩臂,同时,本发明折叠臂前端设置有叉形结构吊臂,相比直臂而言,作业半径相应减小,但起吊能力加大,同时可将所要起吊的设备放置在叉形臂内部,减小施工范围,因此该发明选用折叠臂(增加伸缩功能)+叉形臂结构。After a comprehensive analysis of the present invention, if the telescopic arm is used for the small-scale hoisting of the present invention, the hoisting requirements cannot be fully met, the operating radius of the telescopic arm is large, and the arm length is inversely proportional to the hoisting weight. The use of folding arms can well solve the small-radius lifting problem. The folding arm structure occupies a small area and has strong lifting capacity. In order to increase the height, the rear end of the small lifting folding arm is provided with a telescopic arm. At the same time, the front end of the folding arm of the present invention is provided with a fork-shaped boom. Compared with the straight arm, the working radius is correspondingly reduced, but the lifting capacity is increased. Large, and at the same time, the equipment to be lifted can be placed inside the wishbone to reduce the construction scope. Therefore, this invention uses the folding arm (increased telescopic function) + wishbone structure.
实际制作时,折叠臂可采用矩形截面,制造工艺简单、具有较好的抗弯能力和抗扭刚度、适合于本发明的臂架研制,伸缩臂可采用受弯为主的双向压弯椭圆形截面构件,上弯板为大圆弧槽形板,下弯板为椭圆形槽形板,且由下向上收缩,其重量优化,抗扭性能显著,具有固有的独特稳定性和抗扭曲能力,椭圆形起吊的技术代表最高水平,由于不需采用加筋,因而每节臂截面的变化很小,有利于减轻起吊机臂的重量,提高起吊机的起吊能力。In actual production, the folding arm can adopt a rectangular cross-section, the manufacturing process is simple, has good bending resistance and torsional rigidity, and is suitable for the development of the boom frame of the present invention, and the telescopic arm can adopt a two-way bending ellipse mainly subject to bending Cross-section member, the upper curved plate is a large circular arc grooved plate, the lower curved plate is an oval grooved plate, and shrinks from bottom to top, its weight is optimized, its torsional performance is remarkable, and it has inherent unique stability and anti-torsion ability. The technology of elliptical hoisting represents the highest level. Since no reinforcement is needed, the change of the cross section of each jib is small, which is beneficial to reduce the weight of the hoisting arm and improve the hoisting capacity of the hoisting machine.
起吊采用“Z”字形液压或电动升降可折叠的结构。这种结构最显著的优点是占用空间小,承载能力大。“Z”字形起吊的支撑系统可以水平固定在底盘的上平面上。起吊的起吊系统前端设计一个开口且可以封闭的环形框,环形框内壁可以镶衬木条或橡胶垫。环形框与起吊系统前端的固定设计成可转动的结构,保证环形框在起吊运动的每个角度始终保持水平位置,环形框外周根据需要设置合适数量的吊钩,以方便拆卸或安装设备时使用。例如:在拆装PT/CT时,可以将该环形框固定在瓷套的外部,环形框内壁镶衬的木条或橡胶垫可以保证瓷套在作业过程中能有效避免与金属环形框的碰撞,通过调整吊绳的长度,该环形框还能够起到防止设备倾斜翻倒的作用。The lifting adopts a "Z" shape hydraulic or electric lifting and folding structure. The most significant advantage of this structure is that it takes up little space and has a large carrying capacity. The supporting system of "Z" shape lifting can be fixed horizontally on the upper plane of the chassis. The front end of the hoisting system is designed with an open and closed ring frame, and the inner wall of the ring frame can be lined with wooden strips or rubber pads. The fixation between the ring frame and the front end of the lifting system is designed as a rotatable structure to ensure that the ring frame always maintains a horizontal position at every angle of the lifting movement, and an appropriate number of hooks are set on the outer circumference of the ring frame to facilitate disassembly or installation of equipment. . For example: when disassembling PT/CT, the ring frame can be fixed on the outside of the porcelain sleeve, and the inner wall of the ring frame is lined with wooden strips or rubber pads to ensure that the porcelain sleeve can effectively avoid collision with the metal ring frame during operation , by adjusting the length of the sling, the ring frame can also play a role in preventing the equipment from tilting and falling over.
手动起吊器包括支撑杆以及与支撑杆连接的手动吊臂,手动吊臂上设置双牵引环,双牵引环连接滑车组,滑车组通过安全牵引绳连接手动摇臂,手动摇臂设置在移动基座上。The manual hoist includes a support rod and a manual boom connected to the support rod. Double traction rings are set on the manual boom, and the double traction rings are connected to the blocks. seat.
支撑杆主要是对整个吊架起受力支撑作用,保证整个吊架安装及使用过程中的稳定性,支撑杆可以为多节组装可调式,每一节之间可以相互嵌套,节与节之间采用螺丝固定,在支撑杆端部设置固定件,固定件与电力设备周边固定设施相连接,如设备安装架、线路塔杆、设备管路支撑架等一系列在整个吊装过程中不会发生位置偏移的较稳定的设施,固定件包括通用扁铁抱箍,便于取材与加工。The support rod is mainly used to support the entire hanger to ensure the stability of the whole hanger during installation and use. The support rod can be assembled and adjusted in multiple sections, and each section can be nested with each other. Screws are used to fix between them, and fixing parts are set at the ends of the support rods. The fixing parts are connected with the surrounding fixed facilities of the power equipment, such as equipment mounting frames, line towers, equipment pipeline support frames, etc. For relatively stable facilities where position deviation occurs, the fixing parts include universal flat iron hoops, which are convenient for material collection and processing.
双牵引环上设置安全牵引绳,滑车组包括定滑轮以及在定滑轮下方设置的动滑轮组,采用滑车组的目的一是利用动滑轮组的特性达到省力效果,二是为了利用定滑轮的变向特性,在起吊过程中,对待更换设施的初始位置要求比较宽松,而且可以根据受力要求进行方向的变更,滑车组中的滑轮均为绝缘滑轮,有利于电力安全的需要。A safety traction rope is set on the double traction ring. The block includes a fixed pulley and a movable pulley set under the fixed pulley. The purpose of using the block is to use the characteristics of the movable pulley to achieve labor-saving effect, and the second is to use the direction-changing characteristics of the fixed pulley , during the lifting process, the initial position requirements for the replacement facilities are relatively loose, and the direction can be changed according to the force requirements. The pulleys in the block block are all insulated pulleys, which is conducive to the needs of electrical safety.
滑车组通过安全牵引绳连接手动摇臂,手动摇臂设置在移动基座上,在手动操作时,可以通过人工手动摇臂的摇动,实现滑车组的升降。The block block is connected to the manual rocker arm through a safety traction rope, and the manual rocker arm is set on the mobile base. During manual operation, the block block block can be raised and lowered by shaking the manual rocker arm.
在实际应用中,移动基座的底部设置滚轮,滚轮可以通过电动驱动或手动驱动,滚轮包括设置在移动基座前端的万向轮和设置在移动基座后端的从动轮,从动轮上设置刹车装置,可采用橡胶刹车块来实现。In practical applications, the bottom of the mobile base is equipped with rollers, which can be driven by electric or manual. The rollers include universal wheels arranged at the front end of the mobile base and driven wheels arranged at the rear end of the mobile base. Brakes are set on the driven wheels. The device can be realized by using rubber brake blocks.
实施例二Embodiment two
如图2所示,变电检修狭小空间起吊装置,包括设置在移动基座1上的支撑系统以及与支撑系统连接的起吊系统,支撑系统包括液压式伸缩立柱2以及与液压式伸缩立柱底部连接的旋转电机3;旋转电机3设置在移动基座1上,使支撑系统可以进行360度旋转;起吊系统包括相互连接的活动臂4和延伸臂5,活动臂设置为Z字形折叠臂,活动臂的后端设置为伸缩横梁6,伸缩横梁与支撑系统连接;延伸臂为叉形结构吊臂,延伸臂设置在活动臂的前端,延伸臂前端设置平衡环7,平衡环上设置电动起吊器8。As shown in Figure 2, the lifting device for power substation maintenance in a narrow space includes a support system arranged on a mobile base 1 and a lifting system connected to the support system. The support system includes a hydraulic telescopic column 2 and a hydraulic telescopic column connected to the bottom The rotating motor 3; the rotating motor 3 is arranged on the mobile base 1, so that the support system can rotate 360 degrees; the lifting system includes a movable arm 4 and an extension arm 5 connected to each other, and the movable arm is set as a zigzag folding arm, and the movable arm The rear end of the telescopic beam is set as a telescopic beam 6, and the telescopic beam is connected with the support system; the extension arm is a fork-shaped structure boom, and the extension arm is set at the front end of the movable arm, and the front end of the extension arm is set with a balance ring 7, and an electric hoist 8 is set on the balance ring .
平衡环7为一个开口且可以封闭的环形框,环形框与延伸臂的前端的形成可转动的结构,保证环形框在起吊系统运动的每个角度始终保持水平位置。The balance ring 7 is an open and closed ring frame, and the ring frame and the front end of the extension arm form a rotatable structure to ensure that the ring frame keeps a horizontal position at every angle of the lifting system movement.
环形框内壁镶衬木条或橡胶垫。The inner wall of the ring frame is lined with wooden strips or rubber pads.
电动起吊器8包括抱箍式吊环15以及与抱箍式吊环连接的电动拉锁机构。The electric hoist 8 includes a hoop type lifting ring 15 and an electric zipper mechanism connected with the hoop type lifting ring.
电动拉锁机构包括钢丝绳拉升件16、液压油缸17以及电动操作机构18,电动操作机构设置在移动基座上,通过液压油缸带动钢丝绳拉升件动作,实现起吊;液压油缸设置在活动臂前端内部。The electric zipper mechanism includes a wire rope lifting part 16, a hydraulic cylinder 17 and an electric operating mechanism 18. The electric operating mechanism is arranged on the mobile base, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the wire rope lifting part to move to realize lifting; the hydraulic cylinder is arranged inside the front end of the movable arm .
抱箍式吊环的外周设置一定数量的吊钩20。A certain number of suspension hooks 20 are arranged on the periphery of the hoop type suspension ring.
抱箍式吊环下端连接圆形滑槽19,可以在起吊时旋转重物便于安装。The lower end of the hoop type suspension ring is connected with the circular chute 19, which can rotate the weight when lifting and is convenient for installation.
本发明的起吊系统充分考虑了折叠臂和伸缩臂的优缺点,并加以创新,两者操作运行的原理不同:伸缩臂的顶部可通过飞臂连接工作篮,回转机构使工作臂360°全回转,作为主要受力构件其重量一般占整机重量的20%~25%左右,所以其关键在于伸缩机构的形式和臂架截面形式,而折叠臂相对伸缩臂自重轻,作业半径小,制作简单,收纳体积小等诸多优点,在随车起吊机上应用相对成熟,不过随车起吊机体积庞大,无法进入到电站内部进行施工,因此将折叠臂安装到小型化的底盘上是该发明的创新点,也为以后电站施工提供了一套新的施工方案。The lifting system of the present invention fully considers the advantages and disadvantages of the folding arm and the telescopic arm, and innovates them. The operating principles of the two are different: the top of the telescopic arm can be connected to the work basket through the flying arm, and the slewing mechanism makes the working arm 360°full rotation , as the main force-bearing component, its weight generally accounts for about 20%~25% of the weight of the whole machine, so the key lies in the form of the telescopic mechanism and the section form of the boom, while the folding arm is lighter in weight than the telescopic arm, has a small working radius, and is easy to manufacture , storage volume and many other advantages are relatively mature in the application of the truck-mounted crane, but the truck-mounted crane is too bulky to enter the interior of the power station for construction, so installing the folding arm on a miniaturized chassis is the innovation point of the invention , It also provides a new construction plan for the future construction of the power station.
本发明经过综合分析,该发明小型起吊若采用伸缩臂,不能完全满足起吊要求,伸缩臂作业半径大,臂长和吊重成反比关系。而采用折叠臂就能很好地解决小半径起吊问题,折叠臂结构占地面积小,起吊能力强。为了增加高度,该小型起吊折叠臂后端设置有一节伸缩臂,同时,本发明折叠臂前端设置有叉形结构吊臂,相比直臂而言,作业半径相应减小,但起吊能力加大,同时可将所要起吊的设备放置在叉形臂内部,减小施工范围,因此该发明选用折叠臂(增加伸缩功能)+叉形臂结构。After a comprehensive analysis of the present invention, if the telescopic arm is used for the small-scale hoisting of the present invention, the hoisting requirements cannot be fully met, the operating radius of the telescopic arm is large, and the arm length is inversely proportional to the hoisting weight. The use of folding arms can well solve the small-radius lifting problem. The folding arm structure occupies a small area and has strong lifting capacity. In order to increase the height, the rear end of the small lifting folding arm is provided with a telescopic arm. At the same time, the front end of the folding arm of the present invention is provided with a fork-shaped boom. Compared with the straight arm, the working radius is correspondingly reduced, but the lifting capacity is increased. Large, and at the same time, the equipment to be lifted can be placed inside the wishbone to reduce the construction scope. Therefore, this invention uses the folding arm (increased telescopic function) + wishbone structure.
实际制作时,折叠臂可采用矩形截面,制造工艺简单、具有较好的抗弯能力和抗扭刚度、适合于本发明的臂架研制,伸缩臂可采用受弯为主的双向压弯椭圆形截面构件,上弯板为大圆弧槽形板,下弯板为椭圆形槽形板,且由下向上收缩,其重量优化,抗扭性能显著,具有固有的独特稳定性和抗扭曲能力,椭圆形起吊的技术代表最高水平,由于不需采用加筋,因而每节臂截面的变化很小,有利于减轻起吊机臂的重量,提高起吊机的起吊能力。In actual production, the folding arm can adopt a rectangular cross-section, the manufacturing process is simple, has good bending resistance and torsional rigidity, and is suitable for the development of the boom frame of the present invention, and the telescopic arm can adopt a two-way bending ellipse mainly subject to bending Cross-section member, the upper curved plate is a large circular arc grooved plate, the lower curved plate is an oval grooved plate, and shrinks from bottom to top, its weight is optimized, its torsional performance is remarkable, and it has inherent unique stability and anti-torsion ability. The technology of elliptical hoisting represents the highest level. Since no reinforcement is needed, the change of the cross section of each jib is small, which is beneficial to reduce the weight of the hoisting arm and improve the hoisting capacity of the hoisting machine.
起吊采用“Z”字形液压或电动升降可折叠的结构。这种结构最显著的优点是占用空间小,承载能力大。“Z”字形起吊的支撑系统可以水平固定在底盘的上平面上。起吊的起吊系统前端设计一个开口且可以封闭的环形框,环形框内壁可以镶衬木条或橡胶垫。环形框与起吊系统前端的固定设计成可转动的结构,保证环形框在起吊运动的每个角度始终保持水平位置,环形框外周根据需要设置合适数量的吊钩,以方便拆卸或安装设备时使用。例如:在拆装PT/CT时,可以将该环形框固定在瓷套的外部,环形框内壁镶衬的木条或橡胶垫可以保证瓷套在作业过程中能有效避免与金属环形框的碰撞,通过调整吊绳的长度,该环形框还能够起到防止设备倾斜翻倒的作用。The lifting adopts a "Z" shape hydraulic or electric lifting and folding structure. The most significant advantage of this structure is that it takes up little space and has a large carrying capacity. The supporting system of "Z" shape lifting can be fixed horizontally on the upper plane of the chassis. The front end of the hoisting system is designed with an open and closed ring frame, and the inner wall of the ring frame can be lined with wooden strips or rubber pads. The fixation between the ring frame and the front end of the lifting system is designed as a rotatable structure to ensure that the ring frame always maintains a horizontal position at every angle of the lifting movement, and an appropriate number of hooks are set on the outer circumference of the ring frame to facilitate disassembly or installation of equipment. . For example: when disassembling PT/CT, the ring frame can be fixed on the outside of the porcelain sleeve, and the inner wall of the ring frame is lined with wooden strips or rubber pads to ensure that the porcelain sleeve can effectively avoid collision with the metal ring frame during operation , by adjusting the length of the sling, the ring frame can also play a role in preventing the equipment from tilting and falling over.
起吊系统前端内部设置钢丝绳拉锁结构,活动臂内部设置有油缸,可通过油缸动作带动拉锁结构,进行上下微调。起吊系统前端装有抱箍式吊环,起吊时抱箍式吊环不仅起到固定(不夹紧)作用(通过两侧手动夹紧装置),也可起到吊钩作用;抱箍式吊环下端连接有圆形滑槽,圆形滑槽的作用是可以旋转重物便于安装。起吊时,抱箍式吊环和圆形滑槽位于电力设备重心以上部位,保证了托举过程中的稳定性。The front end of the lifting system is equipped with a wire rope zipper structure, and an oil cylinder is installed inside the movable arm, which can drive the zipper structure through the action of the oil cylinder for fine adjustment up and down. The front end of the hoisting system is equipped with hoop-type lifting rings. When lifting, the hoop-type lifting rings not only play the role of fixing (not clamping) (through manual clamping devices on both sides), but also play the role of hooks; the lower end of the hoop-type lifting rings is connected There is a circular chute, and the function of the circular chute is to rotate heavy objects for easy installation. When lifting, the hoop-type lifting ring and the circular chute are located above the center of gravity of the electric equipment, which ensures the stability during the lifting process.
在实际应用中,移动基座的底部设置滚轮,滚轮可以通过电动驱动或手动驱动,滚轮包括设置在移动基座前端的万向轮和设置在移动基座后端的从动轮,从动轮上设置刹车装置,可采用橡胶刹车块来实现。In practical applications, the bottom of the mobile base is equipped with rollers, which can be driven by electric or manual. The rollers include universal wheels arranged at the front end of the mobile base and driven wheels arranged at the rear end of the mobile base. Brakes are set on the driven wheels. The device can be realized by using rubber brake blocks.
经申请单位制造并实践使用显示,本发明装置每台的计划费用为3万元,总费用为15万元。本发明进行了初步的试验,性能良好,可起吊200公斤以内的重物。起升高度为3米,旋转半径为1.2米,即通过上部有横梁的旋转可将重物安放至半径范围内的任意位置,能够满足大多数变电站内部施工,可在全国进行推广,投入使用后将会产生很大的经济效益,因此具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。Manufactured by the applicant unit and shown in practice, the planned cost of each device of the present invention is 30,000 yuan, and the total cost is 150,000 yuan. Preliminary tests have been carried out on the present invention, and the performance is good, and the weight within 200 kg can be lifted. The lifting height is 3 meters, and the rotation radius is 1.2 meters. That is, through the rotation of the upper beam, the heavy object can be placed anywhere within the radius, which can meet the internal construction of most substations and can be promoted nationwide. After being put into use It will produce great economic benefits, so it has good economic and social benefits.
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案所做的其他修改或者等同替换,只要不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention without limitation, other modifications or equivalent replacements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and spirit of the technical solution of the present invention All should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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Application publication date: 20180508 |