CN107982973B - 一种气挤压烘干过滤机 - Google Patents

一种气挤压烘干过滤机 Download PDF

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CN107982973B
CN107982973B CN201711316244.0A CN201711316244A CN107982973B CN 107982973 B CN107982973 B CN 107982973B CN 201711316244 A CN201711316244 A CN 201711316244A CN 107982973 B CN107982973 B CN 107982973B
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冯庸
沈忠良
徐晓文
朱江宁
姜安栋
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Nuclear Industry Yantai Toncin Industry Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/60Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
    • B01D29/606Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration by pressure measuring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/76Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating
    • B01D29/78Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for washing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/76Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating
    • B01D29/80Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying
    • B01D29/82Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying by compression
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/76Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating
    • B01D29/80Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying
    • B01D29/84Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying by gases or by heating
    • B01D29/843Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying by gases or by heating by direct contact with a fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/76Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating
    • B01D29/80Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying
    • B01D29/84Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying by gases or by heating
    • B01D29/846Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying by gases or by heating by indirect heat-exchange
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/88Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D29/90Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for feeding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/88Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D29/92Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for discharging filtrate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/20Pressure-related systems for filters
    • B01D2201/202Systems for applying pressure to filters

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Abstract

本发明公开一种气挤压烘干过滤机,包括下底板,顶紧承压板,多个导向杆,导向杆上套设导向套,与导向套固接滤液腔,滤液腔的上面敷设过滤介质,过滤介质的四周设置柔性石墨密封,滤液腔和下底板之间设置液压缸;滤液腔的下方设置滤液阀,通过连接垫板设置内置有加热盘管的法兰式空气烘干器,空气烘干器包括第一气口、第二气口;顶紧承压板的下表面设置料浆腔,料浆腔具有进料口;进料口分别连接进料阀、洗涤阀、挤压阀和排污阀,排污阀连接回料罐,挤压阀连接空气管道加热器的热空气出气口热空气出气口还通过烘干阀连接第一气口;空气管道加热器的回气口连接第二气口。本发明结构简单、腔体高度大,维修简单,产量大。

Description

一种气挤压烘干过滤机
技术领域
本发明涉及固液分离技术领域,具体是一种集气挤压与烘干为一体的过滤机。
背景技术
压滤机是一种间歇操作的过滤设备,主要是用来进行固液分离。将物料通过压力来过滤的,其工作原理是:首先是正压强压脱水,也称进浆脱水,即一定数量的滤板在强机械力的作用下被紧密排成一列,滤板面和滤板面之间形成滤室,过滤物料在强大的正压下被送入滤室,进入滤室的过滤物料其固体部分被过滤介质如滤布截留形成滤饼,液体部分透过过滤介质而排出滤室,从而达到固液分离的目的,随着正压压强的增大,固液分离则更彻底,但从能源和成本方面考虑,过高的正压压强不划算。进浆脱水之后,配备了橡胶挤压膜的压滤机,则压缩介质如气、水进入挤压膜的背面推动挤压膜使挤压滤饼进一步脱水,叫挤压脱水。进浆脱水或挤压脱水之后,压缩空气进入滤室滤饼的一侧透过滤饼,携带液体水份从滤饼的另一侧透过滤布排出滤室而脱水,叫风吹脱水。若滤室两侧面都敷有滤布,则液体部分匀可透过滤室两侧面的滤布排出滤室,为滤室双面脱水。脱水完成后,解除滤板的机械压紧力,单块逐步拉开 滤板,分别敞开滤室进行卸饼为一个主要工作循环完成。根据过滤物料性质不同,压滤机可分别设置进浆脱水、挤压脱水、风吹脱水或单、双面脱水,目的就是最大限度地降低滤饼水份。
然而这种传统的压滤机结构较为复杂,工艺较为繁琐,能源消耗也较大,效率较低,同时无法使得滤饼水份更进一步降低。
发明内容
本发明的目的还是克服现有技术的的不足,公开一种气挤压烘干过滤机,所采取的技术方案是:
这种气挤压烘干过滤机,其特征在于:包括下底板,顶紧承压板,设置在所述下底板和顶紧承压板之间并将二者固接的多个导向杆,所述导向杆上套设间隙配合的导向套,与所述导向套固接滤液腔,所述滤液腔的上面敷设过滤介质,所述过滤介质的四周设置柔性石墨密封,所述滤液腔和所述下底板之间设置液压缸使得所述滤液腔可沿所述导向杆上下滑动;所述滤液腔的下方设置滤液阀,通过连接垫板设置内置有加热盘管的法兰式空气烘干器,所述空气烘干器包括第一气口、第二气口;所述顶紧承压板的下表面设置料浆腔,所述料浆腔具有进料口;所述进料口分别连接进料阀、洗涤阀、挤压阀和排污阀,所述排污阀连接回料罐,所述挤压阀连接空气管道加热器的热空气出气口所述热空气出气口还通过烘干阀连接所述第一气口;所述空气管道加热器的回气口连接所述第二气口。
进一步地,所述进料阀、洗涤阀、挤压阀和排污阀与所述进料口之间的管路上设置压力变送器。
进一步地,所述滤液腔的下表面设置拉绳开关。
进一步地,所述进料阀所在的管道上设置电磁流量计。
与现有技术相比,本发明的技术效果是:
1.相比传统过滤机,该设备集气体挤压、工艺洗涤和烘干功能于一体,对于粘度大、颗粒间隙小、难处理的物料可以最大限度的降低水份,节约成本,降低能耗;
2. 法兰式空气烘干器运用加热盘管连接空气管道加热器,对滤饼进行预加热和烘干,工作效率高,安装及检修方便;
3.该设备没有橡胶隔膜,采用耐酸、耐碱、耐高温的滤液腔和料浆腔,可以在一些强酸、强碱、高温的环境下应用,解决了传统过滤机使用局限性的问题;
4.采用空气管道加热器里的高温压缩空气进行挤压,温度可根据物料性质进行调节,滤饼水份可以明显降低,挤压效果好,物料可满足处理要求;
5.料浆腔和滤液腔之间采用柔性石墨密封,耐高温耐磨,适用于PH值在0-14之间,在起到密封的前提下有效增加了密封件的使用寿命;
6.通过拉绳开关反馈信号自动控制液压缸的上升下降,利用电磁流量计精确控制进料量,阀门采用耐酸、碱耐、耐高温的气动球阀,通过PLC控制仪表气柜进而控制气动阀门的开闭来完成过滤工艺流程,实现全自动控制性能。
7.压力变送器安装在设备进料口外侧,既可以在进料过程中显示进料压力也可以在洗涤、挤压过程中显示挤压、洗涤压力,一表多用;
8.该设备料浆腔体结构简单、腔体高度大,具有维修简单,产量大的优点。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是本发明法兰式空气烘干器的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
参见附图,一种气挤压烘干过滤机,包括下底板16,顶紧承压板1,设置在所述下底板16和顶紧承压板1之间并将二者固接的多个导向杆17,所述导向杆17上套设间隙配合的导向套20,与所述导向套20固接滤液腔21,所述滤液腔21的上面敷设过滤介质23,所述过滤介质23的四周设置柔性石墨密封22,所述滤液腔21和所述下底板16之间设置液压缸15使得所述滤液腔21可沿所述导向杆17上下滑动;所述滤液腔21的下方设置滤液阀14,通过连接垫板设置内置有加热盘管24的法兰式空气烘干器18,所述空气烘干器包括第一气口181、第二气口182;所述顶紧承压板1的下表面设置料浆腔2,所述料浆腔2具有进料口3;所述进料口3分别连接进料阀5、洗涤阀7、挤压阀10和排污阀12,所述排污阀12连接回料罐11,所述挤压阀10连接空气管道加热器8的热空气出气口82所述热空气出气口82还通过烘干阀9连接所述第一气口181;所述空气管道加热器8的回气口81连接所述第二气口182。所述进料阀5、洗涤阀7、挤压阀10和排污阀12与所述进料口3之间的管路上设置压力变送器4。所述滤液腔21的下表面设置拉绳开关13。所述进料阀5所在的管道上设置电磁流量计6。
进料前,通过电控柜控制液压缸15的活塞杆伸出,使得滤液腔21上升,使料浆腔2和滤液腔21之间的柔性石墨密封22收缩压紧起到密封作用,拉绳开关13在此过程中可以有效控制液压缸的行程,实现自动控制。
压紧密封后,进料阀5打开,通过进料泵向料浆腔输送物料,物料在进料泵的压力输送下在过滤介质23上形成料饼,滤液通过滤液阀14收集,在进料过程中,通过电磁流量计6控制进料的多少,以便保证滤饼可以达到理想的厚度,压力变送器4显示实时进料压力。
进料结束后,洗涤阀7打开,对物料进行洗涤(该过程可以根据工艺要求进行调整);
然后打开挤压阀10,用空气管道加热器8中的高温高压空气进行挤压,降低物料中的水份,同时打开烘干阀9让高温空气进入法兰式空气烘干器18的加热盘管24里对滤饼进行预加热,高温空气挤压结束后,调节空气管道加热器的温度,通过滤液腔中设置的加热盘管对滤饼进行烘干处理使滤饼达到排放或收集标准,烘干产生的蒸汽通过排污阀12进入回料罐11中,回料罐还用于收集进料后管道中的少量物料及洗涤后管道中残余的洗涤水。(针对滤饼水份的要求,可以在烘干结束后选择是否进行二次高温空气挤压)。

Claims (2)

1.一种气挤压烘干过滤机,其特征在于:包括下底板(16),顶紧承压板(1),设置在所述下底板(16)和顶紧承压板(1)之间并将二者固接的多个导向杆(17),所述导向杆(17)上套设间隙配合的导向套(20),与所述导向套(20)固接滤液腔(21),所述滤液腔(21)的上面敷设过滤介质(23),所述过滤介质(23)的四周设置柔性石墨密封(22),所述滤液腔(21)和所述下底板(16)之间设置液压缸(15)使得所述滤液腔(21)可沿所述导向杆(17)上下滑动;所述滤液腔(21)的下方设置滤液阀(14),通过连接垫板设置内置有加热盘管(24)的法兰式空气烘干器(18),所述空气烘干器包括第一气口(181)、第二气口(182);所述顶紧承压板(1)的下表面设置料浆腔(2),所述料浆腔(2)具有进料口(3);所述进料口(3)分别连接进料阀(5)、洗涤阀(7)、挤压阀(10)和排污阀(12),所述排污阀(12)连接回料罐(11),所述挤压阀(10)连接空气管道加热器(8)的热空气出气口(82), 所述热空气出气口(82)还通过烘干阀(9)连接所述第一气口(181);所述空气管道加热器(8)的回气口(81)连接所述第二气口(182);所述进料阀(5)、洗涤阀(7)、挤压阀(10)和排污阀(12)与所述进料口(3)之间的管路上设置压力变送器(4);所述进料阀(5)所在的管道上设置电磁流量计(6)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种气挤压烘干过滤机,其特征在于:所述滤液腔(21)的下表面设置拉绳开关(13)。
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