CN107974542B - 一种节镍型双相不锈钢的细晶化制备方法 - Google Patents
一种节镍型双相不锈钢的细晶化制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107974542B CN107974542B CN201710998061.5A CN201710998061A CN107974542B CN 107974542 B CN107974542 B CN 107974542B CN 201710998061 A CN201710998061 A CN 201710998061A CN 107974542 B CN107974542 B CN 107974542B
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000171 quenching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 19
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000529 magnetic ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
Abstract
本发明公开一种节镍型双相不锈钢的细晶化制备方法，属于钢铁合金材料技术领域。本发明所述方法包括：真空冶炼、铸锭均匀化处理后锻造，开始轻压，变形量到25%开始重压；采用3～4锻造比锻造成板坯，锻造变形量应为13～18%；板坯固溶处理后加热到1100～1150℃进行多道次轧制，调整轧辊转速控制轧制热变形速率为0.01～0.1s‑1；第一道次轧制变形量为25～30%，第二道次轧制变形量为60%～70%，终扎变形量为15%～25%；水淬处理得到板材。本发明所述方法制备的不锈钢在室温下获得细晶组织，抗拉强度大于1050Mpa，屈服强度高于650MPa，延伸率大于50%，V型缺口冲击韧性大于250J，力学性能明显优于商业热轧态2205和2101双相不锈钢。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及到一种节镍型双相不锈钢的细晶化制备方法，属于钢铁合金材料制备领域。
背景技术
双相不锈钢由奥氏体和铁素体两相组成，且其中一相体积百分比应大于30%。在正确控制化学成分和热处理工艺条件下，双相不锈钢结合了奥氏体不锈钢和铁素体不锈钢的优点。双相不锈钢兼具奥氏体不锈钢的优良韧性和焊接性，以及铁素体不锈钢的高强度和良好的耐氯化物腐蚀性，被广泛应用于石油、化工、能源等工业领域。Mn、N和Ni均为奥氏体稳定化元素，由于目前全球Ni资源紧缺且Ni的价格一直处于比较高的水平，可在双相不锈钢中添加一定量的Mn、N可取代部分Ni以稳定奥氏体相，来获得两相平衡组织。N在不锈钢生产过程中一般采用高压加N的方法来加入极少量的N，且过量N的添加易造成焊接时产生气孔。Mn比Ni价格便宜7到8倍，添加适量的Mn可有效稳定奥氏体，同时提高N在钢中的固溶度。双相不锈钢在高温锻造、轧制和拉拔过程中，由于两相热膨胀系数和层错能的差异，不合适的加工工艺易造成裂纹形成。而通过热模拟实验获得的优化加工工艺应用于实际轧制中能获得动态再结晶和回复后的两相细晶组织，从而提高以Mn代Ni节Ni型双相不锈钢的强度和塑性。中国专利CN1970815公开了一种添加稀土的高氮无镍超级双相不锈钢及其制备方法，该钢种成分Cr质量百分比高于24%，成分体系属于超级双相不锈钢，未涉及到细晶制备加工方面。中国专利CN103074552A公开了经济高性能双相不锈钢及其制备方法，其Cr质量百分比为21-22%，以锰、氮元素代替部分镍元素，以钨元素代替钼元素，一定程度降低了成本，但其力学性能较差，抗拉强度仅为700MPa左右。双相不锈钢细晶化轧制过程中，需要在一定的应变温度和速率下进行大变形道次变形，以获奥氏体动态再结晶和铁素体动态回复相结合的细晶组织。但是，由于奥氏体和铁素体层错能不同导致的加工行为不同，易在相界上形成裂纹。在TRIP钢和TWIP的研究中发现Mn的加入有利于提高热变形塑性，因此，在优化变形温度和速率条件下，双相不锈钢中较高Mn含量的添加有利于热加工过程中进行较大变形量塑性变形来获得动态再结晶细晶化组织。此外，双相不锈钢中添加了较高的Mn含量后，Mn在一定程度上会提高热变形激活能并延迟再结晶，有利于工业生产大变形条件下奥氏体和铁素体晶粒组织的细化。因此，开展以Mn代Ni 型双相不锈钢细晶化制备方法，对于提高节Ni型双相不锈钢性能，以及推进其工业应用具有重要意义。
发明内容
针对现有节镍型双相不锈钢力学性能的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种以Mn代Ni含N型双相不锈钢及其细晶化制备方法，通过优化锻造工艺和轧制工艺的结合，获得该不锈钢细晶化组织，从而达到比较高的力学性能。所述节镍型双相不锈钢的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）真空冶炼得到铸锭，将铸锭进行组织均匀化处理（1200~1240℃）；
（2）步骤（1）得到的铸锭进行锻造，锻造时开始轻压，变形量达到25%时开始重压，锻造比采为3～4，变形量为13～18%，终锻温度930~950℃，最后锻成55~60mm厚的板坯，锻后淬火快冷，以防止析出相形成；锻造时应单向送进，避免一处重复压制，防止中心裂纹形成；
（3）步骤（2）得到的板坯进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温；
（4）将步骤（3）得到的板坯进行多道次热轧变形，然后将热轧后钢板快速水淬得到节镍型双相不锈钢板材；热轧过程中：开轧温度为1100～1150℃，终扎温度为900～950℃。
优选的，本发明所述节镍型双相不锈钢的化学成分及其质量百分比为：C: ≤0.05%、Si: ≤0.4%、Mn: 3.12～8.96%、Cr: 17.5～18.5%、Ni: 0.8～1.1%、Mo: 1.0～1.2%、Cu: 0.08～0.14%、N: 0.20～0.25%，其余为Fe和不可避免杂质；所述的杂质中含有S、P，S质量百分比<0.006%，P质量百分比<0.03%。
优选的，本发明步骤（1）中组织均匀化处理的条件为：1200~1240℃，保温2h。
优选的，本发明步骤（3）中固溶处理的条件为：在1050～1080℃保温1h。
优选的，本发明步骤（4）多道次轧制过程中，调整轧辊转速控制轧制热变形速率为0.01～0.1s-1，第一道次轧制变形量为25～30%，第二道次轧制变形量为60%～70%,轧制温度控制为1020～1060℃，终扎变形量为15%～25%。
本发明的有益效果为：
（1）本发明得到的双相不锈钢合金Ni、Mo含量低，Cr含量较低，具有比较好的经济性；室温下的抗拉强度大于1050Mpa，屈服强度高于650MPa，延伸率大于50%，V型缺口冲击韧性大于250J。
（2）本发明通过添加较高的Mn含量，有利于双相不锈钢大变形条件下的动态再结晶发生；
（3）对于本发明以Mn代Ni型双相不锈钢，锻造工艺和轧制工艺的结合有利于获得细晶化组织，并可避免热加工析出相形成和裂纹的产生；
（4）本发明所述双相不锈钢的力学性能明显高于商业热轧态2205和2101双相不锈钢，可广泛应用于力学性能要求的场合。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1中热轧后的晶粒细化组织；
图2是本发明实施例2中热轧后的晶粒细化组织。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明所述内容进行详细说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于所述内容。
实施例1
本实施例所述双相不锈钢成分如表1所示，表中对比例为商业用2101和2205双相不锈钢，锻造、热轧后取样进行拉伸和冲击力学性能测试。
本实施例所述双相不锈钢的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）将纯Fe在真空熔炼炉中熔融。
（2）待步骤（1）中的钢水熔化后，按照本发明的化学成分质量百分比依次加入铬铁合金（Cr质量百分比为71%）、金属镍、金属钼、金属铜、和氮化铬铁（Cr和N质量百分比分别为68%和4%）、金属Mn，控制温度为1550℃，最后加入Si-Ca（Si质量百分比为65%）脱氧，维持温度为1510℃开始浇铸得到椭圆形铸锭。
（3）将铸锭进行组织均匀化处理，加热温度为1210℃，保温2h。
（4）铸锭锻造时，开始轻压，变形量达到25%时才开始重压，锻造时，应单向送进，避免一处重复压制，防止中心裂纹形成。
（5）锻造比采用4，变形量应为15%。
（6）终锻温度950℃，最后锻成56mm厚的板坯，锻后快冷，以防止析出相形成。
（7）板坯先加热到在1060℃固溶处理1h，然后水淬至室温。
（8）将板坯在二棍可逆轧机进行多道次热轧变形，开轧温度1150℃，终扎温度保持在940℃。
（9）调整轧辊转速控制轧制热变形速率为0.01s-1左右，第一道次轧制变形量为25%，第二道次轧制变形量为70%，轧制温度控制为1020～1060℃，终扎变形量为15%，之后将热轧后钢板快速水淬。
本实施例制备得到双相不锈钢金相图如图1，白色组织为奥氏体，较黑组织为铁素体。有图可见奥氏体体积分数略高于铁素体，奥氏体由于热变形发生动态再结晶形成细晶组织，铁素体热变形时发生动态回复而形成较为细小亚晶组织。
本实施例制备得到的双相不锈钢的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能见表2，可见该含Mn试验钢经细晶化制备后抗拉强度和屈服强度明显高于热轧态的商业2205和2101双相不锈钢，且塑性和冲击韧性也由于该对比商业用双相不锈钢。
实施例2
本实施例所述双相不锈钢成分如表1所示。表中对比例为商业用2101和2205双相不锈钢，锻造、热轧后取样进行拉伸和冲击力学性能测试。
本实施例所述双相不锈钢的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）将纯Fe在真空熔炼炉中熔融。
（2）待步骤（1）中的钢水熔化后，按照本发明的化学成分质量百分比依次加入铬铁合金（Cr质量百分比为71%）、金属镍、金属钼、金属铜、和氮化铬铁（Cr和N质量百分比分别为68%和4%）、金属Mn，控制温度为1530℃，最后加入Si-Ca（Si质量百分比为65%）脱氧，维持温度为1520℃开始浇铸得到椭圆形铸锭。
（3）将铸锭进行组织均匀化处理，加热温度为1220℃，保温2h。
（4）铸锭锻造时，开始轻压，变形量达到25%时才开始重压，锻造时，应单向送进，避免一处重复压制，防止中心裂纹形成。
（5）锻造比采用3，变形量为18%。
（6）终锻温度930℃，最后锻成58mm厚的板坯，锻后快冷，以防止析出相形成；；
（7）板坯先加热到在1070℃固溶处理1h，然后水淬至室温。
（8）将板坯在二棍可逆轧机进行多道次热轧变形，开轧温度1100℃，终扎温度保持在920℃。
（9）调整轧辊转速控制轧制热变形速率为0.1s-1左右，第一道次轧制变形量为30%，第二道次轧制变形量为60%，轧制温度控制为1030～1060℃左右，终扎变形量为25%，之后将热轧后钢板快速水淬，以防止晶粒长大。
本实施例制备得到双相不锈钢金相图如图2，白色组织为奥氏体，灰色组织为铁素体。有图可见奥氏体体积分数明显高于铁素体，故奥氏体由于热变形发生动态再结晶形成较多细晶组织，铁素体热变形时发生动态回复而形成细小亚晶组织。
本实施例制备得到的双相不锈钢的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能见表2，可见该含Mn试验钢经细晶化制备后抗拉强度和屈服强度远高于热轧态的商业2205和2101双相不锈钢，且塑性和冲击韧性也由于该对比商业用双相不锈钢。
表1 实施例1~2与比较例的化学成分（质量百分比，%）
表2实施例1~2与比较例热轧态力学性能，表中Rp0.2表示规定的非比例延伸强度，Rm表示抗拉强度，A表示断后伸长率，Ak表示冲击韧性；
。
Claims (3)
1.一种节镍型双相不锈钢的细晶化制备方法，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）真空冶炼得到铸锭，将铸锭进行组织均匀化处理；
（2）步骤（1）得到的铸锭进行锻造，锻造时开始轻压，变形量达到25%时开始重压，锻造比为3～4，变形量为13～18%，终锻温度930~950℃，最后锻成55~60mm厚的板坯，锻后快冷；
（3）步骤（2）得到的板坯进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温；
（4）将步骤（3）得到的板坯进行多道次热轧变形，然后将热轧后钢板快速水淬得到节镍型双相不锈钢板材；热轧过程中：开轧温度为1100～1150℃，终轧温度为900～950℃；
所述节镍型双相不锈钢的化学成分及其质量百分比为：C: ≤0.05%、Si: ≤0.4%、Mn:3.12～8.96%、Cr: 17.5～18.5%、Ni: 0.8～1.1%、Mo: 1.0～1.2%、Cu: 0.08～0.14%、N:0.20～0.25%，其余为Fe和不可避免杂质；
步骤（4）多道次轧制过程中，调整轧辊转速控制轧制热变形速率为0.01～0.1s-1，第一道次轧制变形量为25～30%，第二道次轧制变形量为60%～70%,轧制温度控制为1020～1060℃，终轧变形量为15%～25%。
2.根据权利要求1所述节镍型双相不锈钢的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（1）中组织均匀化处理的条件为：1200~1240℃保温2h。
3.根据权利要求1所述节镍型双相不锈钢的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（3）中固溶处理的条件为：在1050～1080℃保温1h。
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