CN107950310A - A kind of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern and evaluation method - Google Patents
A kind of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern and evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107950310A CN107950310A CN201711295445.7A CN201711295445A CN107950310A CN 107950310 A CN107950310 A CN 107950310A CN 201711295445 A CN201711295445 A CN 201711295445A CN 107950310 A CN107950310 A CN 107950310A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/32—Reclamation of surface-mined areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
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- G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
- G06Q10/06393—Score-carding, benchmarking or key performance indicator [KPI] analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Forestry; Mining
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern and evaluation method, it is related to ecological restoration technical field.The reparation pattern comprises the following steps：The landforms in pit are observed and surveyed and drawn；Size calculation；Cut slope processing；Cleaning and reinforcing；Breast boards is set；Alien earth sparging；Rhone is set；Sow grass seeds by duster vegetable seeds；Record and maintenance.The present invention forms step slope surface by carrying out short-delay blasting to slope surface, and then planting groove is formed, and building stones backfill is carried out to pit bottom surface and preserves the ability of soil to increase pit bottom surface and slope surface, it can effectively improve the survival rate of plant, change mine landforms, improve the economic benefit in pit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ecological restoration technical field, more particularly to a kind of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern and evaluation side
Method.
Background technology
After with the fast development of China's mining industry, more and more mountains are exploited by people, but exploitation utilizes, one is formd
Each and every one is by discarded pit, and similar pit is ten hundreds of at home, and its size differs；Country advocates mine closures
Afterwards, to reclaim, but due to various technologies in reality, the repair of reclaiming of its abandoned mine is slowly difficult always
To realize.
The reparation in pit is always the emphasis of people's research, and people are attempting various modes to change the exposed rock in pit always
The characteristics of stone, and then the target in vegetative coverage pit, finally realize the lifting of the balance and economic benefit of ecological environment.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern and evaluation method, by discarding pit
Transformation and reparation, it is poor to solve existing pit ecological environment, it is difficult to the problem of repairing.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
The present invention develops reparation pattern for a kind of discarded pit, which comprises the following steps：
(1) landforms in pit are observed and surveyed and drawn：Observe pit landforms, and the flatness to pit bottom and pit
The elevation and the gradient of slope surface are surveyed and drawn；
(2) Size calculation：Size calculation is carried out to pit slope surface, and pit slope surface is divided into from top to bottom some etc.
Away from horizontal slope surface；
(3) slope processing is cut：Using the method for short-delay blasting, some horizontal slope surfaces are carried out cutting slope processing, form slope surface
Staircase structural model；
(4) clear up and reinforce：The weeds and rubble of pit slope surface and ore deposit bottom are handled, and to staircase structural model
Slope surface is reinforced；Rubble backfill is carried out to the concave surface at pit hole bottom so that cheat the camber average out to ± 20cm at bottom in pit；
(5) breast boards is set：Breast boards is set on the step of bench face so that the step of breast boards and bench face
Form the planting groove that cross section is rectangle；
(6) alien earth sparging：The soil moved in improve the original mixed is ejected on the hole bottom in planting groove and pit using compressor gun, is sprayed
The thickness of blog soil is not less than 10cm, and the particle of soil moved in improve the original is not more than 20mm；
(7) rhone is set：Pit bench face and ore deposit bottom after hospitable soil of sowing grass seeds by duster set some rhones respectively；
(8) sow grass seeds by duster vegetable seeds：After carrying out watering moistening to soil moved in improve the original, spray seeding technique will be utilized to plant vegetable seeds to visitor
In soil：
(9) record and conserve：Growth record is periodically carried out to plant, and is watered and is applied according to the growing state of plant
Fertilizer.
Further, breast boards is to be poured to form by reinforcing bar and mixed mud described in the step (5).
Further, one end of rhone described in the step (7) is located at the outside in pit.
Further, the soil moved in improve the original is uniformly mixed by loam and other organic fertilizer.
A kind of evaluation method of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern, the evaluation method are survived with the vegetable seeds planted
Rate is as evaluation index, is comprised the following steps：
Step 1：Go out the damage ratio n of vegetable seeds using Determination Staining；
Step 2：According to the quality of whole pit implants seed before the average quality of single vegetable seeds and plantation,
Calculate the quantity x of vegetable seeds；
Step 3：Using five point sampling, the number of plant of unit square rice is calculated；
Step 4：The quantity y of pit implants is calculated according to every square metre of number of plant；
Step 5：Survival rate=y/ (x-xn) of vegetable seeds.
A kind of evaluation method of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern, further includes：The survival rate of vegetable seeds 50%~
100% scope, is determined as that discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern has the ability for improving pit present situation.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, the present invention carries out short-delay blasting to slope surface, and repairs reinforcing into step, can effectively avoid soil moved in improve the original from ore deposit
Hole slope surface flows away, and strengthens the ability that step pit slope surface preserves soil moved in improve the original by setting breast boards, further avoid soil
The loss of earth resource.
2nd, the present invention carries out sow grass seeds by duster soil moved in improve the original and vegetable seeds to step slope surface, and the plant that can effectively improve pit is covered
Lid rate, repairs the ecological environment in pit, and then lifts economic benefit.
3rd, the present invention can effectively avoid ore deposit by setting some rhones in the step slope surface in pit and ore deposit bottom
Ponding is cheated, and avoids ponding and to the seed of soil moved in improve the original and plant wash away the problem of causing soil moved in improve the original and plant to be lost in.
Certainly, implement any of the products of the present invention and do not necessarily require achieving all the advantages described above at the same time.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, embodiment will be described below required
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for ability
For the those of ordinary skill of domain, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached
Figure.
Fig. 1 is the construction technology flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all other without creative efforts
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention develops reparation pattern for a kind of discarded pit, which comprises the following steps：
(1) landforms in pit are observed and surveyed and drawn
Pit landforms are observed, and flatness to pit bottom and the elevation and the gradient of pit slope surface are surveyed and drawn.Energy
It is enough to carry out different planning and design according to different pit landforms and data, easy to carry out preferably repairing relatively to different pits
Design.
(2) Size calculation
Size calculation is carried out to pit slope surface, and pit slope surface is divided into some equidistant cross falls from top to bottom
Face.
(3) slope processing is cut
Using the method for short-delay blasting, some horizontal slope surfaces are carried out cutting slope processing, slope surface is formed staircase structural model.Adopt
It can be good at short-delay blasting slope surface explosion into class staircase structural model, then be subject to finishing slope surface can be become step
Structure, can effectively preserve soil moved in improve the original and moisture, avoid plant from lacking basic life condition and wither.
(4) clear up and reinforce
The weeds and rubble of pit slope surface and ore deposit bottom are handled, and the slope surface of staircase structural model is reinforced；
Rubble backfill is carried out to the concave surface at pit hole bottom so that cheat the camber average out to ± 20cm at bottom in pit.It is effective to ensure step
Formula slope surface and the stability at pit hole bottom, and building stones are utilized, pit bottom surface is backfilled, can preferably avoid ore deposit
Cheat bottom surface water storage.
(5) breast boards is set
Breast boards is set on the step of bench face so that it is square that the step of breast boards and bench face, which forms cross section,
The planting groove of shape.Metastable growing space is provided for plant, and strengthens the hold capacity of water and soil by breast boards.
(6) alien earth sparging
The soil moved in improve the original mixed is ejected on the hole bottom in planting groove and pit using compressor gun, the thickness for soil moved in improve the original of sowing grass seeds by duster
Not less than 10cm, the particle of soil moved in improve the original is not more than 20mm.
(7) rhone is set
Pit bench face and ore deposit bottom after hospitable soil of sowing grass seeds by duster set some rhones respectively.Can effectively it avoid
Pit ponding, causes soil erosion and vegetation to be drowned.
(8) sow grass seeds by duster vegetable seeds
After carrying out watering moistening to soil moved in improve the original, spray seeding technique will be utilized to plant vegetable seeds into soil moved in improve the original.
(9) record and conserve
Growth record is periodically carried out to plant, and is watered and is applied fertilizer according to the growing state of plant.
Wherein, breast boards described in step (5) is to be poured to form by reinforcing bar and mixed mud.
Wherein, one end of rhone described in step (7) is located at the outside in pit.
Wherein, the soil moved in improve the original is uniformly mixed by loam and other organic fertilizer.Abundance is provided for plant growth
Nutrient.
A kind of evaluation method of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern, the evaluation method are survived with the vegetable seeds planted
Rate is as evaluation index, is comprised the following steps：
Step 1：Go out the damage ratio 10% of vegetable seeds using Determination Staining；
Step 2：According to the quality of whole pit implants seed before the average quality of single vegetable seeds and plantation,
Calculate the quantity 1000 of vegetable seeds；
Step 3：Using five point sampling, the number of plant of unit square rice is calculated；
Step 4：The quantity 675 of pit implants is calculated according to every square metre of number of plant；
Step 5：Survival rate=75% of vegetable seeds；
A kind of evaluation method of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern, since the survival rate of vegetable seeds is 75%, 50%
~100% scope, it is determined that to discard the ability that pit develops reparation pattern and has improvement pit present situation.Can be according to this
The evaluation method of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern calculates the survival rate of plant, and according to the survival rate of plant to this
Reparation pattern carries out objective appraisal, finally draws the repairing effect in pit.
In the description of this specification, the description of reference term " one embodiment ", " example ", " specific example " etc. means
At least one implementation of the present invention is contained in reference to the embodiment or example particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described
In example or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms may not refer to the same embodiment or example.
Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can close in any one or more embodiments or example
Suitable mode combines.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern, it is characterised in that：The reparation pattern comprises the following steps：(1) landforms in pit are observed and surveyed and drawn：Observe pit landforms, and flatness and pit slope surface to pit bottom Elevation and the gradient surveyed and drawn；(2) Size calculation：Carry out Size calculation to pit slope surface, and pit slope surface is divided into from top to bottom some equidistant Horizontal slope surface；(3) slope processing is cut：Using the method for short-delay blasting, some horizontal slope surfaces are carried out cutting slope processing, slope surface is formed step Formula structure；(4) clear up and reinforce：The weeds and rubble of pit slope surface and ore deposit bottom are handled, and to the slope surface of staircase structural model Reinforced；Rubble backfill is carried out to the concave surface at pit hole bottom so that cheat the camber average out to ± 20cm at bottom in pit；(5) breast boards is set：Breast boards is set on the step of bench face so that the step of breast boards and bench face is formed Cross section is the planting groove of rectangle；(6) alien earth sparging：The soil moved in improve the original mixed is ejected on the hole bottom in planting groove and pit using compressor gun, sow grass seeds by duster visitor The thickness of soil is not less than 10cm, and the particle of soil moved in improve the original is not more than 20mm；(7) rhone is set：Pit bench face and ore deposit bottom after hospitable soil of sowing grass seeds by duster set some rhones respectively；(8) sow grass seeds by duster vegetable seeds：After carrying out watering moistening to soil moved in improve the original, spray seeding technique will be utilized to plant vegetable seeds to soil moved in improve the original In：(9) record and conserve：Growth record is periodically carried out to plant, and is watered and is applied fertilizer according to the growing state of plant.
- A kind of 2. discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute in the step (5) It is to be poured to form by reinforcing bar and mixed mud to state breast boards.
- A kind of 3. discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute in the step (7) The one end for stating rhone is located at the outside in pit.
- A kind of 4. discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The soil moved in improve the original is by loam It is uniformly mixed with other organic fertilizer.
- 5. such as a kind of evaluation method of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern of claim 1-4 any one of them, it is characterised in that： The evaluation method comprises the following steps using the survival rate of vegetable seeds planted as evaluation index：Step 1：Go out the damage ratio n of vegetable seeds using Determination Staining；Step 2：According to the quality of whole pit implants seed before the average quality of single vegetable seeds and plantation, calculate The quantity x of vegetable seeds；Step 3：Using five point sampling, the number of plant of unit square rice is calculated；Step 4：The quantity y of pit implants is calculated according to every square metre of number of plant；Step 5：Survival rate=y/ (x-xn) of vegetable seeds.
- A kind of 6. evaluation method of discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Also wrap Include：Scope of the survival rate of vegetable seeds 50%~100%, being determined as that discarded pit exploitation reparation pattern has improves pit The ability of present situation.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109819712A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-31 | 胡鹏程 | One kind repairing remodeling method for gardens pit |
| CN110476532A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-22 | 北京上水环境科技发展有限公司 | An ecological restoration method suitable for mines in arid areas |
| CN111133946A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-12 | 厦门海石生态环境股份有限公司 | Rapid greening method for abandoned mine side slope |
| CN111248053A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-09 | 广东东升实业集团有限公司 | A method for ecological restoration of high and steep step slopes in open-pit quarrying mines |
| CN111771629A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-16 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Device and method for promoting deep rooting of plants in arid areas |
| CN113236255A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-08-10 | 浙江绿农生态环境有限公司 | Method for repairing mine pit into construction land for agricultural residential building by slag-soil-slurry interbedding backfilling |
| CN114140027A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Evaluation method for closing coal mine residual coal resource reutilization |
| CN116837869A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-10-03 | 中冶武勘工程技术有限公司 | An ecological restoration and management method based on abandoned mines left over from history |
| CN116889132A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-10-17 | 中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心(西北地质科技创新中心) | Soil layer reconstruction method for cultivated land reclaimed from deep and large sand mining pits |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109819712A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-31 | 胡鹏程 | One kind repairing remodeling method for gardens pit |
| CN110476532A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-22 | 北京上水环境科技发展有限公司 | An ecological restoration method suitable for mines in arid areas |
| CN111133946A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-12 | 厦门海石生态环境股份有限公司 | Rapid greening method for abandoned mine side slope |
| CN111248053A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-09 | 广东东升实业集团有限公司 | A method for ecological restoration of high and steep step slopes in open-pit quarrying mines |
| CN111771629A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-16 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Device and method for promoting deep rooting of plants in arid areas |
| CN113236255A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-08-10 | 浙江绿农生态环境有限公司 | Method for repairing mine pit into construction land for agricultural residential building by slag-soil-slurry interbedding backfilling |
| CN113236255B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2023-10-13 | 浙江绿农生态环境有限公司 | Method for repairing pit into land for construction of house of agriculture by backfilling slag soil and mud layers |
| CN114140027A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Evaluation method for closing coal mine residual coal resource reutilization |
| CN116837869A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-10-03 | 中冶武勘工程技术有限公司 | An ecological restoration and management method based on abandoned mines left over from history |
| CN116889132A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-10-17 | 中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心(西北地质科技创新中心) | Soil layer reconstruction method for cultivated land reclaimed from deep and large sand mining pits |
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