CN107950212B - Hay straw crushing, kneading and shredding compact forming machine and treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hay straw crushing, kneading and shredding compact forming machine and a processing method, wherein hay straw standing in the field is firstly crushed, transported, kneaded and cut and then thrown into a forming cavity, and the crushed, kneaded and cut hay straw is extruded and formed under the action of a piston extrusion, bundled, pushed in the field and easy to collect, transport, store and feed; the invention has the following functions: 1. has the functions of crushing, kneading, throwing and compacting, and is easy to collect, convey and feed; 2. the secondary throwing device blows away dust, so that the collected straws are cleaner; 3. the device is used for crushing and collecting the hard hay straws, has a profiling function, works reliably and is convenient to transport; 4. the auger of the device is used for conveying crushed straws and straw kneading wires and has a coaxial differential structure, so that the auger can achieve the best effect in conveying, kneading, cutting and throwing.

Description

A dry grass straw crushing, kneading and cutting into shreds and compacting forming machine and processing method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular relates to a hay straw crushing, kneading and cutting into shreds and a compacting molding machine and a processing method.

Background Art

Hay straw is the remaining stems and leaves of mature crops and can be used as firewood, feed, and compost. Before industrialization, hay straw was rarely wasted directly. With the rapid development of the economy, the continuous application of new energy, and the abundance of various industrial products, the demand for straw has decreased. A large amount of straw and dry forage grass is abandoned or even burned because their stems are hard and difficult to collect, resulting in serious waste of resources and serious pollution of the environment. The rational and effective treatment of field hay and straw has become a top priority for social development.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a hay straw crushing, kneading and cutting into shreds and a processing method, so as to meet the current people's demand for processing field hay and straw.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a hay straw crushing, kneading, cutting and shredding compacting machine, which is powered and pulled forward by a tractor. The tractor transmits power to a transfer case through a first coupling, and divides the power into two parts through a gear shaft in the transfer case. One part transmits power to a compacting device through a baling coupling, and the other part provides power for the crushing and kneading device through a crushing coupling. The hay straw crushed by the crushing hammer claw is thrown into an auger cavity, and the auger shaft rotates, and the auger connected thereto pushes the crushed hay straw material into a kneading chamber. The crushed hay straw material is kneaded by hammer pieces and tooth plates in the kneading chamber, and then thrown into a bale baling chamber through a throwing cylinder. In the bale baling chamber, the crank rotates, driving the connecting rod to move horizontally, and the piston connected to the connecting rod slides, so that the kneaded and shredded hay straw is compacted and shaped, and the formed straw bales fall into the field under the action of continuous thrust.

Preferably, the throwing cylinder is provided with high-speed rotating fan throwing blades and a secondary throwing fan, and the shredded hay straw is thrown upward by the high-speed rotating fan throwing blades, and is thrown into the baling chamber after secondary throwing by the secondary throwing fan.

Preferably, during transportation, the hydraulic device of the tractor is activated to lift the frame, and at the same time the hydraulic cylinder is extended to push the support arm to rotate around the axis, tighten and adjust the wire rope, and the device pulled by the wire rope rotates around the rotating support axis to lift the device pulled by the wire rope and support walking through the walking wheels; when working in the field, the hydraulic device of the tractor does not work, the frame falls, the hydraulic cylinder is in the middle position and does not work, the spring is tightened and is in a floating state, at this time the ground wheel plays a role of supporting walking, if encountering an obstacle or a low depression, the wire rope traction device will rotate around the support axis so that the ground wheel always maintains a certain height with the ground, thereby playing a role of adjusting the contour.

Preferably, the power of the tractor is transmitted to the gearbox through the first coupling and the crushing coupling, and the gearbox active bevel gear drives the gearbox driven bevel gear to increase speed and change direction, and the first pulley on the same axis as the gearbox driven bevel gear drives the second pulley to rotate, thereby driving the crushing main shaft to rotate, and the crushing hammer claw connected to the crushing main shaft breaks the straw and throws it backward to the auger chamber, and the first sprocket and the third pulley are installed on the other side of the crushing main shaft. The first sprocket transmits power to the fourth sprocket after deceleration through the second sprocket and the third sprocket on the intermediate wheel shaft, and the fourth sprocket is installed on the auger conveying shaft. The rotation of the fourth sprocket pushes the crushed straw into the kneading chamber, and the third pulley installed on the crushing main shaft transmits power to the fourth pulley after the belt speed increases, and the fourth pulley is installed on the kneading and cutting main shaft, thereby driving the kneading and cutting main shaft to move, and the crushed straw is kneaded and cut and then thrown, and the kneading and cutting main shaft passes through the hollow auger conveying shaft, thus realizing the coaxial and differential function of the auger conveying shaft and the kneading and cutting main shaft.

Accordingly, the present invention also provides a method for crushing, kneading and cutting hay straw into dense shreds, comprising the following steps:

Crushing steps: The power of the tractor is transmitted to the gearbox through the first coupling and the crushing coupling, and the gearbox driving bevel gear drives the gearbox driven bevel gear to increase speed and change direction, and the first pulley on the same axis as the gearbox driven bevel gear drives the second pulley to rotate, thereby driving the crushing main shaft to rotate, and the crushing hammer claw connected to the crushing main shaft crushes the straw;

Kneading and cutting step: the hay straw crushed by the crushing hammer claws is thrown into the auger cavity, the auger shaft rotates, and the auger connected thereto pushes the crushed hay straw material into the kneading chamber, and the crushed hay straw material is kneaded by the hammer pieces and the tooth plates in the kneading chamber;

Forming steps: The kneaded material is thrown into the bale pressing chamber through the throwing cylinder. In the bale pressing chamber, the crank rotates to drive the connecting rod to move horizontally, and the piston connected to the connecting rod slides to compactly shape the kneaded and shredded hay straw. The formed straw bales fall into the field under the action of continuous thrust.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention is a field hay and straw crushing, kneading, cutting and compacting machine, which first crushes the hay straw standing in the field, and then transports, kneads and cuts it and throws it into a forming chamber, and under the extrusion of the piston, the crushed, kneaded and cut hay straw is extruded into shreds, and after bundling, it is pushed in the field, which is easy to collect, transport, store and feed; the present invention has the following functions:

1. It has the functions of crushing, kneading, throwing and compacting, and is easy to collect, transport and feed;

2. The secondary throwing device blows away the dust, making the straw collection cleaner;

3. The device crushes and collects hard hay straw, has a profiling function, works reliably and is easy to transport;

4. The auger conveying, crushing and kneading of straw in this device has a coaxial differential speed structure, which can achieve the best effect of auger conveying, kneading, cutting and throwing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a first schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a machine for crushing, kneading and cutting hay straw into shreds and compacting the hay straw in the present application;

FIG2 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the hay straw crushing, kneading and cutting into shreds and compacting machine of the present application;

FIG3 is a third schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the hay straw crushing, kneading and cutting into shreds and compacting machine of the present application;

FIG4 is a fourth schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the hay straw crushing, kneading and cutting into shreds and compacting machine of the present application;

FIG5 is a fifth schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the hay straw crushing, kneading and cutting into shreds and compacting machine of the present application;

FIG6 is a sixth schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the hay straw crushing, kneading and cutting into shreds and compacting machine of the present application;

Numbers in the figure: 1, tractor, 2, first coupling, 3, transfer case, 4, frame, 5, first pulley, 6, second pulley, 7, fan throwing blade, 8, kneading chamber, 9, ground wheel, 10, earth, 11, walking wheel, 12 straw compacting bale, 13 hay straw, 14, throwing cylinder, 15, secondary throwing fan, 16, crushing device side plate, 17 bale pressing coupling, 18, crushing coupling, 19, straw, 20, gearbox, 21, rotating support shaft, 22, spring, 23, support arm, 24, adjustment wire rope, 25, connecting plate, 26, sprocket 3, 27, sprocket 4, 28, piston, 29, connecting rod, 30, crank, 31 hydraulic cylinder, 32, transfer case gear shaft, 33, gearbox driving bevel gear, 34, gearbox driven bevel gear, 35, gearbox housing, 36, kneading chamber side wall, 37, fan main shaft, 38, hammer, 39 tooth plate, 40, transmission shaft, 41, cantilever auger shaft, 42, crushing hammer claw, 43, crushing main shaft, 44, first sprocket, 45, third pulley, 46, second sprocket, 47, third sprocket, 48, fourth sprocket, 49, auger conveying shaft, 50, fourth pulley, 51 kneading and cutting main shaft, 52, auger cavity.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when "including" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations.

It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other.

The present invention relates to a field hay and straw crushing, kneading, cutting and compacting machine, which crushes the standing straw in the field, transports, kneads and cuts it, and then throws it into a forming chamber. Under the extrusion of a piston, the crushed, kneaded and cut hay straw is extruded and formed, bundled and pushed in the field, which is easy to collect, transport, store and feed. The device mainly consists of a traction frame, a gearbox, a belt transmission device, a crushing knife shaft, an auger conveying device, a kneading knife shaft, a tooth plate, a throwing blade, a ground wheel, a forage forming machine and the like.

The main functional structural features of the hay straw crushing, kneading and cutting into shreds and compacting machine of the present invention are as follows:

1. It has the functions of crushing, kneading, throwing and compacting, and is easy to collect, transport and feed.

2. The secondary throwing device blows away the dust, making the straw collection cleaner.

3. The device crushes and collects hard hay straw, has a profiling function, works reliably and is easy to transport.

4. The auger conveying, crushing and kneading of straw in this device has a coaxial differential speed structure, which can achieve the best effect of auger conveying, kneading, cutting and throwing.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, a hay straw crushing, kneading, cutting and shredding compacting machine of the present invention is powered by a tractor 1 and pulled forward. The tractor 1 transmits power to a transfer case 3 via a first coupling 2, and the power is divided into two parts via a gear shaft 32 in the transfer case 3. One part transmits power to a compacting device via a baling coupling 17, and the other part provides power for the crushing and kneading device via a crushing coupling 18. The hay straw crushed by the crushing hammer claw 42 is thrown into an auger chamber 52, and the auger shaft 49 rotates, and the auger connected thereto is driven by the auger shaft 49. The crushed hay straw material is pushed into the kneading chamber 8, where it is kneaded by the hammer 38 and the tooth plate 39, and then thrown upward by the high-speed rotating fan throwing blade 7. After secondary throwing by the secondary throwing fan 15, the kneaded and shredded hay straw 13 is thrown into the bale pressing chamber. In the bale pressing chamber, the crank 30 rotates to drive the connecting rod 29 to move horizontally, and the piston connected to the connecting rod 29 slides to compactly shape the kneaded and shredded hay straw, and the formed straw bales fall into the field under the action of continuous thrust.

When the hay straw crushed by the crushing hammer claw 42 is thrown into the auger chamber 52, it will carry dust. If it is used to feed livestock directly, the feeding effect will be affected. After being thrown by the high-speed rotating fan throwing blades 7 and the secondary throwing fan 15, the dust will be blown away by the wind when it reaches the discharge port of the throwing cylinder 14.

The present invention crushes and collects hard hay straw, has a profiling function, works reliably, and is convenient to transport. During the transportation of the device, the hydraulic device of the tractor 1 works to lift the frame 4, and at the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 31 extends to push the support arm 23 to rotate around the axis, tighten and adjust the steel wire rope 24, and make the crushing, kneading, throwing and other devices rotate around the rotating support shaft 21, lift these devices and the ground wheel 9, and support walking through the walking wheel 11 to prevent problems during transportation. When working in the field, the hydraulic device of the tractor 1 does not work, the frame 4 falls, the hydraulic cylinder 31 is in the middle position and does not work, the spring 22 is tightened and is in a floating state, and the ground wheel 9 plays a supporting walking role. If encountering obstacles or low depressions, the crushing, kneading, throwing and ground wheel devices will rotate around the support shaft 21, so that the ground wheel always maintains a certain height with the ground, thereby playing the role of adjusting the profiling function.

The power of the tractor 1 is transmitted to the gearbox 20 through the first coupling 2 and the crushing coupling 18, and the gearbox active bevel gear 33 drives the gearbox driven bevel gear 34 to increase speed and change direction. The first pulley 5 on the same axis as the gearbox driven bevel gear 34 drives the second pulley 6 to rotate, thereby driving the crushing main shaft 43 to rotate. The crushing hammer claw 42 connected to the crushing main shaft 43 breaks the straw 19 and throws it backward to the auger chamber 52. The first sprocket 44 and the third pulley 45 are installed on the other side of the crushing main shaft 43. The first sprocket 44 is decelerated by the second sprocket 46 and the third sprocket 47 on the intermediate wheel shaft. The power is transmitted to the fourth sprocket 48, which is installed on the auger conveying shaft 49. The rotation of the fourth sprocket 48 pushes the crushed straw into the kneading chamber, and the third pulley 45 installed on the crushing main shaft 43 transmits the power to the fourth pulley 50 after the belt speed is increased. The fourth pulley 50 is installed on the kneading and cutting main shaft 51, thereby driving the kneading and cutting main shaft to move, and the crushed straw is kneaded and cut and then thrown. The designed kneading and cutting main shaft 51 passes through the hollow auger conveying shaft 49, thus realizing the coaxial and differential function of the auger conveying shaft 49 and the kneading and cutting main shaft 51, so that the best effect of transportation, kneading, cutting and throwing can be achieved.

The present application uses bolts to connect the crushing and kneading device with the baling and compacting machine through a connecting plate 25. As shown in FIG6 , the sprocket 26 rotates with the transmission shaft 40, and drives the sprocket 27 to rotate through the chain, thereby driving the cantilever auger 41 to move, gather the grass to the middle, and transport it to the forming chamber through the fork (not shown in the figure).

The crushed and kneaded straw of the present application is directly sent to the bale pressing chamber after secondary throwing. The crank 30 rotates in the bale pressing chamber, driving the connecting rod 29 to move horizontally, and the piston connected to the connecting rod slides, so that the crushed and kneaded straw is compactly formed, which is easy to collect and transport later.

The present application can also be improved, and the crushing and kneading straw baling and forming device and the crushing and throwing device can be replaced with a picker to directly realize the picking and baling function, so as to achieve multi-purpose use of one machine and be economical and practical.

The present application can process hay or straw, or a mixture of the two. Therefore, the "hay straw" mentioned in the present application refers to hay or straw, or a mixture of the two.

Corresponding to the above-mentioned molding machine, the present application provides a method for crushing, kneading and cutting hay straw into shreds and compacting them using the above-mentioned molding machine, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Crushing step: the power of the tractor 1 is transmitted to the gearbox 20 through the first coupling 2 and the crushing coupling 18, and the gearbox active bevel gear 33 drives the gearbox driven bevel gear 34 to increase speed and change direction, and the first pulley 5 on the same axis as the gearbox driven bevel gear 34 drives the second pulley 6 to rotate, thereby driving the crushing main shaft 43 to rotate, and the crushing hammer claw 42 connected to the crushing main shaft 43 crushes the straw 19;

Kneading and cutting step: the hay straw crushed by the crushing hammer claw 42 is thrown into the auger chamber 52, the auger shaft 49 rotates, and the auger connected thereto pushes the crushed hay straw material into the kneading chamber 8, and the crushed hay straw material is kneaded by the hammer piece 38 and the tooth plate 39 in the kneading chamber 8;

Forming steps: the kneaded material is thrown into the bale pressing chamber through the throwing cylinder 14, and the crank 30 rotates in the bale pressing chamber to drive the connecting rod 29 to move horizontally, and the piston connected to the connecting rod 29 slides to compactly shape the kneaded and cut hay straw. The formed straw bale falls into the field under the action of continuous thrust.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A machine for crushing, kneading and cutting hay straw into shreds and compacting it, characterized in that it comprises a frame (4), a crushing, kneading and throwing device is arranged below the front end of the frame (4), and a compacting device and a running wheel (11) are arranged at the rear end of the frame (4); The crushing, kneading and throwing device comprises a crushing device side plate (16) and a crushing main shaft (43) rotatably mounted between the side plates (16), an auger conveying shaft (49), and a kneading and cutting main shaft (51), wherein the auger conveying shaft (49) is mounted inside the auger chamber (52), and the kneading chamber (8) is mounted at the output end of the auger chamber (52); The compact forming device comprises a bale pressing chamber, a crank (30), a connecting rod (29) and a piston (28); The upper left end of the crushing device side plate (16) can rotate around the rotating support shaft (21), a hydraulic cylinder (31) is installed at the front end of the frame (4), an inverted V-shaped support arm (23) is installed in the middle of the frame (4) through the axis rotation, the free end of the hydraulic cylinder (31) is rotatably connected to the left end of the support arm (23), the right end of the support arm (23) is connected to an adjustment wire rope (24), the lower end of the adjustment wire rope (24) is connected to the crushing device side plate (16), and a spring (22) with a left lower and right higher tilt is installed between the connection between the free end of the hydraulic cylinder (31) and the support arm (23) and the crushing device side plate (16), and a ground wheel (9) is installed at the lower right corner of the crushing device side plate (16); The tractor (1) provides power and pulls forward. The tractor (1) transmits power to a transfer case (3) through a first coupling (2). The power is divided into two parts through a gear shaft (32) in the transfer case (3). One part transmits power to a crank (30) through a baling coupling (17). The other part transmits power to a gearbox (20) through a crushing coupling (18). The gearbox driven bevel gear (34) is driven to increase speed and change direction through a gearbox driving bevel gear (33). The gearbox driven bevel gear (34) is coaxially installed with the gearbox driven bevel gear (34). The first belt pulley (5) drives the second belt pulley (6) to rotate, thereby driving the crushing main shaft (43) coaxial with the second belt pulley (6) to rotate, and the crushing hammer claw (42) connected to the crushing main shaft (43) breaks the straw (19) and throws it backward to the auger cavity (52). The first sprocket (44) and the third belt pulley (45) are installed on the other side of the crushing main shaft (43). The first sprocket (44) transmits power to the fourth sprocket (46) and the third sprocket (47) on the intermediate wheel shaft after deceleration. The sprocket (48) and the fourth sprocket (48) are mounted on the auger conveying shaft (49). The auger conveying shaft (49) rotates to push the crushed straw into the kneading chamber, and the third pulley (45) mounted on the crushing main shaft (43) transmits power to the fourth pulley (50) after the belt speed is increased. The fourth pulley (50) is mounted on the kneading and cutting main shaft (51), thereby driving the kneading and cutting main shaft (51) to rotate. The kneading and cutting main shaft (51) passes through the hollow auger conveying shaft (49), thereby realizing the auger conveying shaft (49) and The coaxial differential speed function of the kneading and cutting main shaft (51) is such that the hay straw material is kneaded in the kneading chamber (8) by the hammer piece (38) arranged on the kneading and cutting main shaft (51) and the tooth plate (39) arranged on the side wall (36) of the kneading chamber, and then thrown into the bale pressing chamber through the throwing cylinder (14). In the bale pressing chamber, the crank (30) rotates, driving the connecting rod (29) to move horizontally, and the piston connected to the connecting rod (29) slides, so that the kneaded and cut hay straw is compactly formed, and the formed straw bale falls into the field under the action of continuous thrust; The throwing cylinder (14) is provided with a fan throwing blade (7) and a secondary throwing fan (15). The shredded hay stalks (13) are thrown upward by the fan throwing blade (7) and thrown again by the secondary throwing fan (15). When the hay stalks (13) reach the discharge port of the throwing cylinder (14), the dust is blown away by the wind. 2. The hay straw crushing, kneading, cutting and shredding compacting machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during transportation, the hydraulic device of the tractor (1) works to lift the frame (4), and at the same time the hydraulic cylinder (31) extends out, pushing the support arm (23) to rotate around the axis, thereby tightening the adjustment wire rope (24), and the wire rope (24) pulls the crushing, kneading and shredding device to rotate around the rotating support shaft (21), lifts the crushing, kneading and shredding device, and supports walking through the walking wheel (11); when working in the field, the hydraulic device of the tractor (1) does not work, the frame (4) falls, the hydraulic cylinder (31) is in the middle position and does not work, the spring (22) is tightened and is in a floating state, and the ground wheel (9) plays a supporting walking role. If encountering an obstacle or a low depression, the wire rope (24) pulls the crushing, kneading and shredding device to rotate around the rotating support shaft (21), so that the ground wheel (9) always maintains a certain height with the ground, thereby playing a role in adjusting the profiling function. 3. A method for compacting hay straw using the compacting machine for crushing, kneading and cutting into shreds according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Crushing step: the power of the tractor (1) is transmitted to the gearbox (20) through the first coupling (2), the transfer case (3), and the crushing coupling (18), and the gearbox active bevel gear (33) drives the gearbox driven bevel gear (34) to increase speed and change direction, and the first belt pulley (5) coaxially installed with the gearbox driven bevel gear (34) drives the second belt pulley (6) to rotate, thereby driving the crushing main shaft (43) coaxial with the second belt pulley (6) to rotate, and the crushing hammer claw (42) connected to the crushing main shaft (43) crushes the straw (19); Kneading and cutting step: the hay straw crushed by the crushing hammer claw (42) is thrown into the auger chamber (52), the auger conveying shaft (49) rotates, and the auger connected thereto pushes the crushed hay straw material into the kneading chamber (8), and the crushed hay straw material is kneaded in the kneading chamber (8) by the hammer piece (38) and the tooth plate (39); Forming step: the kneaded material is thrown into the bale pressing chamber through the throwing cylinder (14), and the crank (30) rotates in the bale pressing chamber to drive the connecting rod (29) to move horizontally, and the piston (28) connected to the connecting rod (29) slides to compactly shape the kneaded and cut hay straw, and the formed straw bale falls into the field under the action of continuous thrust.