CN107945608B - All-round power supply station comprehensive skills training device - Google Patents
All-round power supply station comprehensive skills training device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Comprehensive skill training device of almightiness power supply station relates to electric power training service field. At present, the faults of product simulation are fewer, and the training knowledge surface of a student is narrower, so that the work efficiency is not improved. The intelligent total protection debugging and installation, leakage checking and line loss abnormality checking integrated first practical training simulation device is arranged on the front surface of the simulation practical training cabinet body; the back of the cabinet body is provided with a second practical training simulation device integrating distributed photovoltaic power grid-connected practical training and electricity consumption information acquisition; the first practical training simulation device is provided with 2 electric leakage fault simulation loops. According to the technical scheme, the first practical training simulation device and the second practical training simulation device are integrated on the same device, practical training and simulation of power distribution operation and detection skills and power marketing skills are conveniently achieved, and teaching, training and checking of power technical school students, power supply company training centers, all-purpose power supply departments and other departments can be comprehensively and rapidly achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric power training business, in particular to a comprehensive skill training device of a universal power supply station.
Background
The low-voltage distribution network (commonly called a distribution substation) is connected with a plurality of low-voltage power users, has complex network structure and user properties, is difficult to manage, and has higher technical skill requirements on staff of a basic-level power supply station. At present, in order to meet the requirements of power users on power supply reliability and high-quality power supply service, the staff of the power supply station should have the business capacities of 'marketing, distribution and integration', 'omnipotent', namely: the district manager has the power distribution operation and inspection skills, has the power marketing skills, and can provide technical guidance for new energy users. To achieve the above objective, comprehensive skill training must be performed on the zone manager.
At present, although some products on the market mainly aim at simple equipment of power supply station district manager practical training, the defects of relatively single function and structure, independent marketing and distribution, large equipment quantity, large occupied space and the like exist, and the typical equipment, typical faults, typical data curves, typical business processes and typical operation skills related to power marketing service and power distribution operation inspection are not integrated through simulation.
The practical training equipment on the market at present can be used for randomly connecting single-phase electric equipment into one of A, B, C three phases, but the single-phase electric equipment needs to be manually selected through a connecting wire during operation, the operation process is relatively troublesome, and more importantly, short circuit or electric shock accidents are easy to occur during the operation process.
Most of the devices existing in the market realize the purpose of practical training to remove faults by observing fault phenomena, and the practical training method has the advantages that the knowledge surface of a learner is just above a fault point, the true cause of the fault cannot be better analyzed, and the improvement of skill level cannot be truly promoted.
For an intelligent platform area, the photovoltaic grid connection is successfully connected, the photovoltaic grid connection is how to realize the surplus internet surfing, the full internet surfing is realized, and products are not uniformly and specifically introduced in the market temporarily, so that the knowledge surface of students is not wide enough, faults of a grid connection system cannot be timely found, and if the faults occur in the grid connection system, the safety of the whole grid system can be possibly endangered, therefore, the simulation practical training of the photovoltaic grid connection practical training is urgent and must be carried out.
At present, many products have fewer simulated faults, but the most common faults are simulated on the site, and many fault sites are not simulated temporarily in the site, so that the training knowledge surface of a learner is narrow, and the learner may need to spend a great amount of time to search after arriving at the site after training, which is not beneficial to improving the working efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved and the technical task to be put forward in the invention are to perfect and improve the prior art scheme, and provide a comprehensive skill training device of a universal power supply station, so as to achieve the purpose of comprehensive skill training of staff in a platform area. For this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The comprehensive skill training device of the all-round power supply station comprises a simulated training cabinet body, wherein a first practical training simulation device integrating intelligent total insurance debugging installation, leakage investigation and line loss abnormality investigation is arranged on the front surface of the cabinet body; the back of the cabinet body is provided with a second practical training simulation device integrating distributed photovoltaic power grid-connected practical training and electricity consumption information acquisition; the first practical training simulation device is provided with 2 electric leakage fault simulation loops. Through integrating first real analogue means of instructing and the real analogue means of second on same device, the real standard and the simulation of power distribution fortune is examined skill and electric power marketing skill have conveniently been realized, the realization can be comprehensive swift to teaching, training and the examination of departments such as electric power technical school student, power supply company training center, omnipotent power substation.
As a further improvement and supplement to the above-mentioned technical solutions, the present invention also includes the following additional technical features.
The front side of the cabinet body is provided with three areas which are a first area, a second area and a third area side by side, wherein the first area is provided with a three-phase disconnecting link for simulating a three-phase disconnecting link in a main loop, a residual current total protector for simulating intelligent total protection in the main loop, a public transformer acquisition terminal for simulating a public transformer acquisition terminal of the main loop of the cabinet body, and a first three-phase current transformer for providing loop current for the public transformer acquisition terminal; the second area and the third area are respectively provided with an intelligent total protection line simulation terminal, a medium-level residual current action protector line inlet and outlet, a branch circuit contact point, a single-phase intelligent electric energy meter for simulating a household user meter, a household residual current breaker for simulating household leakage protection, a single-phase user load indicator for simulating user load working conditions, a label for indicating the user to which the meter belongs, a branch total protection line free, a second three-phase current transformer for simulating three-phase current sampling through a transformer meter, a three-phase intelligent electric energy meter for simulating power consumption metering of a factory, a three-phase residual current breaker for simulating the leakage protection conditions of a factory and a three-phase user load indicator for simulating user load working conditions. Through the simulation of each sub-module, the simulation of the functions such as the leakage fault, the line loss abnormality and the like of the transformer area can be conveniently realized.
The cabinet body front is also provided with a three-phase ammeter for indicating three-phase current in the whole loop, a voice timer for simulating voice timing and a power indicator for indicating the current device power-on state, wherein the three-phase ammeter is arranged above the first area. Through increasing three-phase ampere meter, pronunciation time-recorder and power pilot lamp, can realize the instruction of three-phase electric current among the whole return circuit, pronunciation timing simulation and power switch-on state instruction.
The second area forms a first leakage fault simulation loop, the third area forms a second leakage fault simulation loop, each leakage fault simulation loop comprises a plurality of branches, at least one branch is connected with a real intelligent electric energy meter in a hanging mode, and at least one branch is connected with a simulation electric energy meter in a hanging mode. The line loss abnormality and the leakage fault of different branches are simulated.
The leakage fault simulation loop comprises three branches, wherein one branch is connected with the real intelligent electric energy meter in a hanging mode, and the other two branches are connected with the simulation electric energy meter in a hanging mode.
And 6 single-phase electric energy meters, 6 single-phase residual current breakers after the meters, 6 single-phase user load indicator lamps, 3 three-phase electric energy meters, 3 three-phase meter after-opening and 3 three-phase user load indicator lamps are arranged in each leakage fault simulation loop. By combining the simulation electric energy meter and setting the module function, the practical training functions of line loss abnormality analysis and cause searching, intelligent general security installation and debugging, operation and maintenance, leakage fault detection and the like can be realized.
Three areas are arranged side by side on the back of the cabinet body, namely a photovoltaic power generation side area, a power generation grid-connected box area and a power consumption metering box area, wherein the photovoltaic power generation side area is provided with a photovoltaic panel and a three-phase simulation inverter, and the photovoltaic panel is used for receiving a power supply for generating direct current by sunlight; the power generation grid-connected box area is provided with a first bidirectional metering electric energy meter for simulating a full-scale on-grid metering meter, a first meter front isolation air switch for simulating a full-scale on-grid of a bidirectional metering meter and a grid side isolation air switch, a first meter rear isolation air switch for simulating a full-scale on-grid of a bidirectional metering meter rear air switch, a first parallel grid special air switch for simulating a ground terminal of the full-scale on site, a first surge protector for simulating a full-scale on-site medium surge protector, a first three-phase residual current breaker for simulating a full-scale on-grid residual current breaker between a photovoltaic side and a grid side, a first photovoltaic side isolation air switch for simulating a residual current meter of the full-scale on-grid side, a unidirectional metering electric energy meter for simulating a residual on-grid metering meter of the residual side, a second meter front isolation air switch for simulating the full-scale on-grid side isolation air switch, a second residual current breaker for simulating the full-scale on-grid on-site on-grid, a second residual current breaker for simulating the full-scale on-grid on-site residual current breaker, a second residual current breaker for simulating a residual current breaker on-site, and a second residual current breaker for simulating a residual current breaker on-side on-grid; the second bidirectional metering ammeter is connected with the internet in the allowance mode, the household total residual current circuit breaker is used for simulating the household total residual current circuit breaker, the grid-connected access point is used for installing two-area total security mesh plates of the residual current action total protector used in the field; the power consumption metering box area include two the same power consumption metering box units, every power consumption metering box unit all includes the first family that is arranged in the simulation family socket or light open divide the space to open, be used for simulating the three user load pilot lamp of family user load, be used for simulating three-phase user's three-phase metering electric energy meter, be used for simulating carrier wave concentrator that checks meter, the third three-phase residual current operated circuit breaker, three-phase user load pilot lamp, be used for simulating single-phase metering electric energy meter of single-phase metering user below the platform area, be used for simulating carrier wave to check meter's carrier wave collector, single-phase residual current circuit breaker, single-phase user load pilot lamp, the second family divides the space to open, be used for simulating family user load's family socket. The power consumption information collection of the transformer area and the grid-connected simulation training function of the photovoltaic power supply can be realized.
The first training simulation device is provided with a three-phase fault control box, the three-phase fault control box is provided with a three-phase electric energy meter voltage phase-shift sequence realizing module and a three-phase electric energy meter leakage current generating fault realizing module, and a three-phase electric energy meter loop line loss fault realizing module; the three-phase electric energy meter voltage phase-staggering sequence realizing module is provided with a plurality of phase selection relays and a weight-avoiding attracting unit, wherein the weight-avoiding attracting unit is used for attracting only one phase selection relay when the three-phase electric energy meter voltage phase-staggering sequence realizing module acts, and the phase selection relays are phase selection relays of a phase A, a phase B and a phase C of a power grid voltage; when one of the relay contacts is attracted, the corresponding element is connected into the phase corresponding to the power grid; the circuit line loss fault implementation module of the three-phase electric energy meter comprises a plurality of line loss simulation resistors with different resistance values, a plurality of line loss selection relays and a line loss selection limiting unit, wherein the line loss simulation resistors and the line loss selection relays form a three-phase circuit line loss simulation circuit, and the line loss selection limiting unit enables A, B, C three phases to only select different line loss simulation resistors to be connected into the corresponding three-phase circuit line loss simulation circuit; the leakage current generation fault implementation module of the three-phase electric energy meter comprises a leakage current selection relay, leakage current selection resistors with different resistance values and a leakage current selection limiting unit for preventing interphase short circuit. And the simulation functions of the phase sequence error fault, the leakage current generation fault and the loop line loss fault of the three-phase electric energy meter are realized.
The first practical training simulation device is also provided with a single-phase electric energy meter fault realization module, and comprises a single-phase selection function module, a leakage current setting function module and a line loss abnormality setting function module; the single-phase selection function module is provided with 3 selection relays of A phase, B phase and C phase and a heavy-duty avoiding and sucking unit which is used for only sucking 1 phase selection relay during action, wherein the heavy-duty avoiding and sucking unit controls the single-phase electric energy meter to suck only 1 used phase relay and can not select 3 phases when the relays are the same; the line loss abnormity setting functional module comprises a plurality of line loss simulation resistors with different resistance values, a plurality of line loss selection relays and a line loss selection limiting unit, wherein the line loss simulation resistors and the line loss selection relays form a single-phase line loss abnormity simulation loop, and the line loss selection limiting unit enables only 1 phase in A, B, C three phases to be attracted and can not be selected when 3 phases are the same; the leakage current setting functional module comprises a leakage current selection relay, leakage current selection resistors with different resistance values and a leakage current selection limiting unit for preventing interphase short circuit, wherein the leakage current selection limiting unit enables only 1 phase in A, B, C three phases to be attracted, and the leakage current selection limiting unit can select the same phase when the two phases cannot be 3 the same. The single-phase selection, the leakage fault point selection, the leakage current value selection and the line loss abnormal selection setting functions are realized.
The three-phase fault control box is also provided with a household residual current circuit breaker failure simulation module, and in the household residual current circuit breaker failure simulation module, a leakage resistor is connected to the left of the lower end of the leakage air switch, namely the load end of the power supply does not pass through a leakage detection circuit. The circuit realizes the failure of the residual current circuit breaker leakage protection function, and when the leakage current exceeds a critical value, the residual current circuit breaker cannot trip, so that a learner can conveniently analyze and learn the leakage search.
The second practical training simulation device is provided with two wiring modes of surplus internet surfing and full internet surfing of the photovoltaic grid connection; the second practical training simulation device is provided with a photovoltaic power generation side, a power generation grid-connected box and a power consumption metering box which are consistent with the appearance of the actual site so as to simulate the site truly; the second training simulation device truly simulates various fault phenomena on site, including a station region series fault, a 485 voltage low fault, a zero line resistance overlarge fault, a zero sequence current leakage fault and a two-branch zero line crossing fault. The electric energy metering wiring mode of two electric quantity consumption modes of surplus surfing and full surfing of the photovoltaic power supply is conveniently simulated, and various fault phenomena on site can be truly simulated.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. The meter fault is concentrated on the practical training device, so that the training project is more complete, the practical training project of the trainee is more perfect, the knowledge system of the trainee is greatly improved, more importantly, the trouble of repeatedly purchasing equipment is avoided, the space of a practical training room is saved, and the cost is saved.
2. When the electric energy meter is selected, only one phase selection relay can be used for attracting, and after the selection is finished, the electric energy meter is electrified again, so that the switching safety is ensured.
3. The added photovoltaic practical training system enables students to fully understand and know new energy sources and new technologies, increases the actual operation level of the students, and better meets the necessary skills required by all-purpose power supply companies.
4. The common fault site on the site is better simulated, so that a learner can learn various faults on the site without going to the site, the knowledge surface of the learner is widened, and the skills of the learner in analyzing and searching the faults are enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout of a first training simulator of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic layout of a second training simulator of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a three-phase fault control box of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a fault implementation module of the single-phase electric energy meter according to the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a leakage current setting function module according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a three-phase disconnecting link; 2-intelligent general insurance; 3-a public transformer acquisition terminal; 4-a first three-phase current transformer; 5-a total protection line analog terminal; 6-an intermediate residual current action protector incoming line; 7-a middle-stage residual current action protector outgoing line; 8-branch loop access point; 9-a single-phase intelligent meter; 10-household residual current circuit breaker; 11-single phase user load indicator lights; 12-tag; 13-branching to ensure that the total incoming line is opened; 14-a second three-phase current transformer; 15-a three-phase intelligent electric energy meter; 16-three-phase residual current operated circuit breaker; 17-three-phase user load indicator lights; 18-a three-phase current electric energy meter; 19-a voice timer; 20-a power indicator lamp; 21-a photovoltaic panel; 22-a three-phase simulation inverter; 23-a first bidirectional metering ammeter; 24-first front isolation; 25-first-table post-isolation space; 26-first networking special idle; 27-a first ground terminal; 28-a first surge protector; 29-a first three-phase residual current operated circuit breaker; 30-first photovoltaic side isolation void; 31-a unidirectional metering electric energy meter; 32-a second front isolation space; 33-a second post-table isolation space; 34-a second grid-connected special air switch; 35-a second ground terminal; 36-a second surge protector; 37-a second three-phase residual current operated circuit breaker; 38-a second photovoltaic side isolation void; 39-a second bi-directional metering ammeter; 40-total residual current operated circuit breaker; 41-first family division keep-alive; 42-three user load indicator lights; 43-three-phase metering electric energy meter; 44-carrier concentrator; 45-a third three-phase residual current operated circuit breaker; 46-three-phase user load indicator lights; 47-single-phase metering electric energy meter; 48-carrier collector; 49-single phase residual current operated circuit breaker; 50-single phase user load indicator lights; 51-second family division keep-open; 52-a home outlet; 53-grid-connected access point; 54-two areas of total security mesh plates.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
1-2, The comprehensive skill training device of the all-purpose power supply station comprises a simulated training cabinet body, wherein a first practical training simulation device integrating intelligent total protection debugging installation, leakage fault investigation and line loss abnormality investigation is arranged on the front surface of the cabinet body; the back of the cabinet body is provided with a second practical training simulation device integrating distributed photovoltaic power grid-connected practical training and electricity consumption information acquisition; the first practical training simulation device is provided with 2 electric leakage fault simulation loops.
In order to conveniently simulate the functions of electric leakage faults, line loss abnormity and the like of a transformer area, three areas which are a first area, a second area and a third area are arranged side by side on the front surface of a cabinet body, wherein the first area is provided with a three-phase disconnecting link 1 for simulating a three-phase disconnecting link in a main loop, an intelligent main protector 2 for simulating a residual current operation main protector in the main loop, a public transformer acquisition terminal 3 for simulating a public transformer acquisition terminal of the transformer area loop and a first three-phase current transformer 4 for providing loop current for the public transformer acquisition terminal 3; the second zone and the third zone are respectively provided with an intelligent total protection incoming line simulation terminal 5, a medium-level residual current action protector incoming line 6, a medium-level residual current action protector outgoing line 7, a branch loop user point 8, a single-phase intelligent meter 9 for simulating a household user electric energy meter, a household residual current action breaker 10 for simulating household leakage protection, a single-phase user load indicator lamp 11 for simulating a user load working condition, a tag 12 for indicating the user to which the electric energy meter belongs, a branch protection incoming line empty switch 13, a second three-phase current transformer 14 for simulating current sampling of a three-phase transformer electric energy meter, a three-phase intelligent electric energy meter 15 for simulating power consumption metering of a factory, a three-phase residual current action breaker 16 for simulating the leakage protection condition of the factory and a three-phase user load indicator lamp 17 for simulating the user load working condition. Through each submodule, the simulation functions of electric leakage faults, abnormal line loss and the like of the transformer area can be conveniently realized.
In order to simulate the indication of the three-phase current in the whole loop, the voice timing and the power supply energizing state indication, the cabinet body is also provided with a three-phase current electric energy meter 18 for indicating the three-phase current in the whole loop, a voice timer 19 for simulating the voice timing, and a power supply indicating lamp 20 for indicating the energizing state of the current device, wherein the three-phase current electric energy meter 18 is arranged above the first area. The three-phase current electric energy meter 18, the voice timer 19 and the power indicator lamp 20 are added to achieve indication of three-phase current, voice timing reminding simulation and power on state indication in the whole loop.
In order to simulate abnormal line loss and leakage faults of different branches, a first leakage fault simulation loop is formed in a second area, a second leakage fault simulation loop is formed in a third area, each leakage fault simulation loop comprises three branches, one branch is connected with a real intelligent electric energy meter in a hanging mode, and the other two branches are connected with simulation electric energy meters in a hanging mode. The functions of simulating abnormal line loss and leakage faults of different branches are realized.
In order to facilitate the analysis of line loss abnormality by students, 6 single-phase electric energy meters, 6 residual current action breakers after single-phase meters, 6 single-phase user load indication lamps 11, 3 three-phase electric energy meters, 3 residual current action breakers after three-phase meters and 3 three-phase user load indication lamps 17 are placed in each leakage fault simulation loop. By combining the simulation electric energy meter and setting the module function, the practical training functions of line loss abnormality analysis and cause searching, intelligent general security installation and debugging, operation and maintenance, leakage fault detection and the like can be realized.
In order to realize the power consumption information collection and the photovoltaic grid-connected practical training of the platform region, the back surface of the cabinet body is provided with three regions which are a photovoltaic power generation side region, a power generation grid-connected box region and a power consumption metering box region, and the photovoltaic power generation side region is provided with a photovoltaic panel 21 and a three-phase simulation inverter 22 which are used for receiving sunlight to generate direct current power; the power generation grid-connected box area is provided with a first bidirectional metering electric energy meter 23 for simulating a full-on-grid metering electric energy meter, a first meter front isolating air switch 24 for simulating full-on-grid of the first bidirectional metering electric energy meter 23 isolated from the power grid side, a first meter rear isolating air switch 25 for simulating full-on-grid of the first bidirectional metering electric energy meter 23, a first parallel air switch 26 for full-on-grid, a first grounding terminal 27 for simulating a grounding terminal of full-on-grid in the field, a first surge protector 28 for simulating a surge protector of full-on-grid in the field, a first three-phase residual current action breaker 29 for simulating three-phase leakage air switch of full-on-grid between the photovoltaic side and the power grid side, a first photovoltaic side isolating air switch 30 of full-on-grid the system comprises a one-way metering electric energy meter 31 for simulating the residual network of a residual network metering meter, a second front-meter isolating air switch 32 for simulating the residual network of the first two-way metering electric energy meter 23 and a grid side isolating air switch, a second rear-meter isolating air switch 33 for simulating the residual network of the first two-way metering electric energy meter 23, a second grid-connected special air switch 34 for simulating the residual network of a ground terminal in a site, a second grounding terminal 35 for simulating the residual network of a surge protector in the site, a second surge protector 36 for simulating the residual network of a three-phase leakage air switch between a photovoltaic side and a grid side, a second three-phase residual current action breaker 37 for simulating the residual network of the residual network, and a second photovoltaic side isolating air switch 38 for simulating the residual network; the second bidirectional metering ammeter 39 for surfing the internet, the household total residual current action breaker 40 for simulating household total leakage protection, the grid-connected access point 53, and the two-area total security mesh plate 54 for installing the residual current action total protector for field use; the electricity metering box area comprises two identical electricity metering box units, wherein each electricity metering box unit comprises a first household separate space switch 41 for simulating a socket or an illuminating lamp in a household, three user load indicating lamps 42 for simulating household user loads, a three-phase metering electric energy meter 43 for simulating three-phase users, a carrier concentrator 44 for simulating carrier meter reading, a third three-phase residual current operated circuit breaker 45, a three-phase user load indicating lamp 46, a single-phase metering electric energy meter 47 for simulating single-phase metering users below the platform area, a carrier collector 48 for simulating carrier meter reading, a single-phase residual current operated circuit breaker 49, a single-phase user load indicating lamp 50, a second household separate space switch 51 and a household socket 52 for simulating household user loads. The power consumption information collection of the transformer area and the grid-connected simulation training function of the photovoltaic power supply can be realized.
In order to realize the simulation functions of phase sequence error faults, leakage current generation faults and loop line loss faults of the three-phase electric energy meter, the first practical training simulation device is provided with a three-phase fault control box, and the three-phase fault control box is provided with a three-phase electric energy meter voltage phase sequence error realizing module, a three-phase electric energy meter leakage current generation fault realizing module and a three-phase electric energy meter loop line loss fault realizing module; the three-phase electric energy meter voltage phase-staggering sequence realizing module is provided with a plurality of phase selection relays and a weight-avoiding attracting unit, wherein the weight-avoiding attracting unit is used for attracting only one phase selection relay when the three-phase electric energy meter voltage phase-staggering sequence realizing module acts, and the phase selection relays are phase selection relays of A phase, B phase and C phase of the three-phase electric energy meter connected power grid voltage; when one of the relay contacts is attracted, the corresponding element is connected into the phase corresponding to the power grid; the circuit line loss fault implementation module of the three-phase electric energy meter comprises a plurality of line loss simulation resistors with different resistance values, a plurality of line loss selection relays and a line loss selection limiting unit, wherein the line loss simulation resistors and the line loss selection relays form a three-phase circuit line loss simulation circuit, and the line loss selection limiting unit enables three phases A and BC to only select different line loss simulation resistors to be connected into the corresponding three-phase circuit line loss simulation circuit; the leakage current generation fault implementation module of the three-phase electric energy meter comprises a leakage current selection relay, leakage current selection resistors with different resistance values and a leakage current selection limiting unit for preventing interphase short circuit. And the simulation functions of phase sequence error fault, electric leakage fault and loop line loss fault of the three-phase electric energy meter are realized.
As shown in fig. 3, in the three-phase electric energy meter voltage phase-staggering sequence implementation module, 3K13,3K15,3K17 is a selection relay of a three-phase electric energy meter connected to a power grid voltage a phase, when 3K13 is absorbed, the voltage of a first element of the electric energy meter is connected to the power grid a phase, when 3K15 is absorbed, the voltage of a second element of the electric energy meter is connected to the power grid a phase, and when 3K17 is absorbed, the voltage of a third element of the electric energy meter is connected to the power grid a phase;
Wherein 3K14,3K16,3K18 is a selection relay of a B phase of a voltage of a three-phase electric energy meter connected to a power grid, when 3K14 is absorbed, the voltage of a first element of the electric energy meter is connected to the B phase of the power grid, when 3K16 is absorbed, the voltage of a second element of the electric energy meter is connected to the B phase of the power grid, and when 3K18 is absorbed, the voltage of a third element of the electric energy meter is connected to the B phase of the power grid;
wherein 3K19,3K20,3K21 is a selection relay of a three-phase electric energy meter connected to a power grid voltage C phase, when 3K19 is absorbed, the voltage of a first element of the electric energy meter is connected to the C phase of the power grid, when 3K20 is absorbed, the voltage of a second element of the electric energy meter is connected to the C phase of the power grid, and when 3K21 is absorbed, the voltage of a third element of the electric energy meter is connected to the C phase of the power grid;
In order to avoid the damage to human bodies and equipment caused by the short circuit of the power grids A, B and C, when 3K13 is sucked, 3K14,3K19 cannot be sucked any more, and similarly, when 3K15 is sucked, 3K17,3K20 cannot be sucked, when 3K17 is sucked, 3K18,3K21 cannot be sucked, and the power grids are respectively provided with a relay, namely, the A phase, the B phase and the C phase, and only one relay can be sucked during the action.
As shown in fig. 3, in the loop line loss fault implementation module of the three-phase electric energy meter, 9K13,9K15,9K17,9K14,9K16,9K18,9K19,9K20,9K21, R12, R13 and R14 together form a three-phase line loss simulation loop, wherein the people R12, R13 and R14 represent resistors with different resistance values and are used for simulating different line losses; when R12 is selected in the A phase, R12 cannot be selected in the B and C phases, and a limitation is imposed in software design, and if R12 is selected in the A phase, the B and C phases can only be selected between R13 and R14. Not only A, BC three-phase can only select different line loss resistances;
As shown in fig. 3, in the fault implementation module for generating leakage current of the three-phase electric energy meter, 3K1,3K5,3K9,3K2,3K6,3K10,3K3,3K7,3K11,3K4,3K8,3K2, R48, R49, R50 and R51 together form a circuit leakage current simulation loop, where R48, R49, R50 and R51 are leakage current selection resistors, respectively representing 10ma,20ma,50ma and 100ma and divided into 4 gear positions, where the four gear positions can be selected simultaneously or independently, and the common end of the resistors is connected with an N-wire terminal that is left open behind the electric energy meter.
3K1,3K5,3K9 is a 10mA leakage current selection relay, 3K2,3K6,3K10 is a 20mA leakage current selection relay, 3K3,3K7,3K11 is a 50mA leakage current selection relay, 3K4,3K8,3K12 is a 100mA leakage current selection relay, 3K1,3K2,3K3,3K4 is connected to 2 of the electric energy meter, 3K5,3K6,3K7,3K8 is connected to 4 of an outgoing line of the electric energy meter, and 3K9,3K10,3K11,3K12 is connected to 6 of an outgoing line of the electric energy meter.
In order to prevent phase-to-phase shorting, a limitation is placed in the system, and if phase a selects one of the resistances, the remaining two phases must be selected from the remaining resistances.
As shown in fig. 4, in the single-phase selection function module, when a certain single-phase electric energy meter needs to select to use the a-phase voltage, the computer controls 8K19 to be closed, when the electric energy meter needs to use the B-phase voltage, the computer controls 8K20 to be closed, when the electric energy meter needs to use the B-phase voltage, the computer controls 8K21 to be closed, in order to avoid short circuit, the computer software limits that 8K19,8K20 and 8K21 can only be selected optionally, and the three can not be selected simultaneously.
The line loss setting functional module is the same as the circuit line loss fault implementation module of the three-phase electric energy meter in principle, the controlled relays are different, the same system also limits, and the same line loss resistor cannot be selected between different voltage phases at the same time.
The leakage current setting functional module and the leakage current generating fault realizing module of the three-phase electric energy meter have the same principle, the controlled relays are different, the same system also limits, and the same leakage resistor cannot be selected between different voltage phases at the same time.
As shown in fig. 5, in order to facilitate the analysis and learning of the leakage finding by the learner, in the household leakage protection failure simulation module, the leakage resistor is connected to the left of the lower end of the leakage air switch, that is, the load end of the power supply does not pass through the leakage detection circuit, when the leakage air switch is selected to exceed 30mA through the computer control relay, the leakage air switch does not act, when the leakage air switch is selected to trip 30mA, the computer control K2 relay acts, the leakage current passes through the detection circuit of the leakage air switch, when the leakage air switch is selected to not trip 30mA, the computer control K1 relay acts, the leakage resistor is connected to the circuit without passing through the leakage detection circuit, and the load end is also connected to the circuit without passing through the leakage detection circuit.
In order to simulate different wiring modes and various field faults of the photovoltaic grid connection, the second practical training simulation device is provided with two wiring modes of residual surfing and full surfing of the photovoltaic grid connection; the second practical training simulation device is provided with a photovoltaic power generation side, a power generation grid-connected box and a power consumption metering box which are consistent with the appearance of the actual site so as to simulate the site truly; the second training simulation device truly simulates various fault phenomena on site, including a station region series fault, a 485 voltage low fault, a zero line resistance overlarge fault, a zero sequence current leakage fault and a two-branch zero line crossing fault. The two wiring modes of residual surfing and full surfing are conveniently simulated, and various fault phenomena on site can be truly simulated.
The invention moves the real power distribution area equipment and operation parameters into the training room, can simulate the common fault types on site, and can realize the functions of operation maintenance simulation training, electric leakage fault detection simulation training, metering attachment error correction simulation training, electric energy information acquisition operation simulation training, distributed photovoltaic user operation simulation training, electric inspection simulation training of the area, electric quantity and electricity charge accounting and dispute handling simulation training, platform area marketing comprehensive analysis simulation training and the like of the residual current operation protector.
The comprehensive skill training device of the all-purpose power supply station shown in the above figures 1-5 is a specific embodiment of the invention, has already demonstrated the outstanding substantive features and remarkable progress of the invention, and can be subjected to equivalent modification in terms of shape, structure and the like according to actual use needs under the teaching of the invention, which are all within the scope of protection of the scheme.
Claims (9)
1. Comprehensive skill training device of almightiness type power supply station, its characterized in that: the intelligent total protection debugging and installation device comprises a simulated training cabinet body, wherein a first practical training simulation device integrating intelligent total protection debugging and installation, leakage fault investigation and transformer area line loss abnormality investigation is arranged on the front surface of the cabinet body; the back of the cabinet body is provided with a second practical training simulation device integrating distributed photovoltaic power grid-connected practical training and electricity consumption information acquisition; the first practical training simulation device is provided with 2 leakage fault simulation loops;
The front side of the cabinet body is provided with three areas which are a first area, a second area and a third area side by side, wherein the first area is provided with a three-phase disconnecting link for simulating the three-phase disconnecting link in the total loop, an intelligent residual current action total protector for simulating the total protection in the total loop, an intelligent public transformer acquisition terminal for simulating a public transformer acquisition terminal of the total loop of the cabinet body, and a first three-phase current transformer for providing loop current for the public transformer acquisition terminal; the second area and the third area are respectively provided with an intelligent total protection line simulation terminal, a medium-level residual current action protector line inlet and outlet, a branch circuit contact point, a single-phase intelligent electric energy meter for simulating a household user meter, a final-level residual current action protector for simulating household leakage protection, a single-phase user load indicator for simulating user load working conditions, a label for indicating the user to which the meter belongs, a branch protection total line free, a second three-phase current transformer for simulating current sampling of a three-phase through a transformer meter, a three-phase intelligent meter for simulating power consumption metering of a factory, a three-phase residual current action protector for simulating leakage protection conditions of the factory and a three-phase user load indicator for simulating user load working conditions.
2. The comprehensive skill training device for a universal power substation according to claim 1, wherein: the cabinet body front is also provided with a three-phase ammeter for indicating three-phase current in the whole loop, a voice timer for simulating voice timing and a power indicator for indicating the current device power-on state, wherein the three-phase ammeter is arranged above the first area.
3. The comprehensive skill training device for a universal power substation according to claim 1, wherein: the second area forms a first leakage fault simulation loop, the third area forms a second leakage fault simulation loop, each leakage fault simulation loop comprises a plurality of branches, at least one branch is connected with a real intelligent electric energy meter in a hanging mode, and at least one branch is connected with a simulation electric energy meter in a hanging mode.
4. A comprehensive skill training apparatus for a utility substation as defined in claim 3, wherein: the leakage fault simulation loop comprises three branches, wherein one branch is connected with the real intelligent electric energy meter in a hanging mode, and the other two branches are connected with the simulation electric energy meter in a hanging mode.
5. The comprehensive skill training device for a universal power substation according to claim 4, wherein: and 6 single-phase electric energy meters, 6 residual current circuit breakers after the single-phase electric energy meters, 6 single-phase user load indicating lamps, 3 three-phase electric energy meters, 3 residual current circuit breakers after the three-phase electric energy meters and 3 three-phase user load indicating lamps are arranged in each leakage fault simulation loop.
6. The comprehensive skill training device for a universal power substation according to claim 1, wherein: three areas are arranged side by side on the back of the cabinet body, namely a photovoltaic power generation side area, a photovoltaic power generation grid-connected box area and an electricity metering box area, wherein the photovoltaic power generation side area is provided with a photovoltaic panel and a three-phase simulation inverter, and the photovoltaic panel is used for receiving a power supply for generating direct current by sunlight; the power generation grid-connected box area is provided with a first bidirectional metering electric energy meter for simulating full-line metering electric energy meter, a first front-meter isolating air switch for simulating full-line surfing of the bidirectional metering meter and grid side isolating air switch, a first rear-meter isolating air switch for simulating full-line surfing of the bidirectional metering meter, a first grid-dedicated air switch for full-line surfing, a first grounding terminal for simulating a grounding terminal of full-line surfing in a site, a first surge protector for simulating a surge protector of full-line surfing in a site, a first three-phase residual current breaker for simulating full-line surfing of a three-phase residual current breaker between a photovoltaic side and a grid side, a first photovoltaic side isolating air switch of full-line surfing, a second three-phase residual current breaker for simulating full-line surfing of a photovoltaic side and a third photovoltaic side isolating air switch of full-line surfing; the device comprises a one-way metering electric energy meter for simulating the residual network of a residual network metering meter, a second meter front isolation space for simulating the residual network of a two-way metering electric energy meter and a grid side isolation space, a second meter rear isolation space for simulating the residual network of the two-way metering electric energy meter rear space, a second grid-connected special space for the residual network, a second grounding terminal for simulating the residual network of a grounding terminal in a site, a second surge protector for simulating the residual network of a surge protector in the site, a second three-phase residual current circuit breaker for simulating a residual network three-phase residual current circuit breaker between a photovoltaic side and the grid side, and a second photovoltaic side isolation space for the residual network; the second bidirectional metering ammeter is connected with the internet in the allowance mode, the household total residual current circuit breaker is used for simulating the household total residual current circuit breaker, the grid-connected access point is used for installing two-station-area total security mesh plates of the electric leakage total security used in the field; the power consumption metering box area include two the same power consumption metering box units, every power consumption metering box unit all includes the first family that is arranged in the simulation family socket or light open divide the space to open, be used for simulating the three user load pilot lamp of family user load, be used for simulating three-phase user's three-phase metering electric energy meter, be used for simulating carrier wave concentrator that checks meter, the third three-phase residual current operated circuit breaker, three-phase user load pilot lamp, be used for simulating single-phase metering electric energy meter of single-phase metering user below the platform area, be used for simulating carrier wave to check meter's carrier wave collector, single-phase residual current circuit breaker, single-phase user load pilot lamp, the second family divides the space to open, be used for simulating family user load's family socket.
7. The comprehensive skill training apparatus for a power substation of any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the first training simulation device is provided with a three-phase fault control box, the three-phase fault control box is provided with a three-phase electric energy meter voltage phase-shift sequence realizing module and a three-phase electric energy meter leakage current generating fault realizing module, and a three-phase electric energy meter loop line loss fault realizing module; the three-phase electric energy meter voltage phase-staggering sequence realizing module is provided with a plurality of phase selection relays and a weight-avoiding attracting unit, wherein the weight-avoiding attracting unit is used for attracting only one phase selection relay when the three-phase electric energy meter voltage phase-staggering sequence realizing module acts, and the phase selection relays are phase selection relays of a phase A, a phase B and a phase C of a power grid voltage; when one of the relay contacts is attracted, the corresponding element is connected into the phase corresponding to the power grid; the circuit line loss fault implementation module of the three-phase electric energy meter comprises a plurality of line loss simulation resistors with different resistance values, a plurality of line loss selection relays and a line loss selection limiting unit, wherein the line loss simulation resistors and the line loss selection relays form a three-phase circuit line loss simulation circuit, and the line loss selection limiting unit enables three phases A and BC to only select different line loss simulation resistors to be connected into the corresponding three-phase circuit line loss simulation circuit; the leakage current generation fault implementation module of the three-phase electric energy meter comprises a leakage current selection relay, leakage current selection resistors with different resistance values and a leakage current selection limiting unit for preventing interphase short circuit.
8. The comprehensive skill training apparatus for a power substation of any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the first practical training simulation device is also provided with a single-phase electric energy meter fault realization module, and comprises a single-phase selection function module, a leakage current setting function module and a line loss setting function module; the single-phase selection function module is provided with 3 selection relays of A phase, B phase and C phase and a heavy-duty avoiding and sucking unit which is used for only sucking 1 phase selection relay during action, wherein the heavy-duty avoiding and sucking unit controls the single-phase electric energy meter to suck only 1 used phase relay and can not select 3 phases when the relays are the same; the line loss abnormity setting functional module comprises a plurality of line loss simulation resistors with different resistance values, a plurality of line loss selection relays and a line loss selection limiting unit, wherein the line loss simulation resistors and the line loss selection relays form a single-phase line loss abnormity simulation loop, and the line loss selection limiting unit enables only 1 phase in A, B, C three phases to be attracted and can not be selected when 3 phases are the same; the leakage current setting functional module comprises a leakage current selection relay, leakage current selection resistors with different resistance values and a leakage current selection limiting unit for preventing interphase short circuit, wherein the leakage current selection limiting unit enables only 1 phase in A, B, C three phases to be attracted, and the leakage current selection limiting unit can select the same phase when the two phases cannot be 3 the same.
9. The comprehensive skill training apparatus for a power substation of any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the second practical training simulation device is provided with two wiring modes of surplus internet surfing and full internet surfing of the photovoltaic grid connection; the second practical training simulation device is provided with a photovoltaic power generation side, a power generation grid-connected box and a power consumption metering box which are consistent with the appearance of the actual site so as to simulate the site truly; the second training simulation device truly simulates various fault phenomena on site, including a station region series fault, a 485 voltage low fault, a zero line resistance overlarge fault, a zero sequence current leakage fault and a two-branch zero line crossing fault.
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| CN114167750B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2024-07-02 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司培训中心 | Simulation training system for line loss exception handling of transformer area |
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| CN116631257A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-08-22 | 中国人民警察大学(公安部国际执法合作学院、中国维和警察培训中心) | Electrical fire hidden danger detection practical training system and practical training method |
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