CN107943504A - The dynamic update method of software module in a kind of embedded system - Google Patents
The dynamic update method of software module in a kind of embedded system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107943504A CN107943504A CN201711293651.4A CN201711293651A CN107943504A CN 107943504 A CN107943504 A CN 107943504A CN 201711293651 A CN201711293651 A CN 201711293651A CN 107943504 A CN107943504 A CN 107943504A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/60—Software deployment
- G06F8/65—Updates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/60—Software deployment
- G06F8/61—Installation
- G06F8/62—Uninstallation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/445—Program loading or initiating
- G06F9/44521—Dynamic linking or loading; Link editing at or after load time, e.g. Java class loading
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/445—Program loading or initiating
- G06F9/44594—Unloading
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Abstract
In the numerous embedded system of node, there is installation dismounting it is difficult, it is desirable to node has reconfigurable and adaptivity, can independently be upgraded when needing.Therefore, under the conditions of the present invention proposes a kind of operationally embedded system, the method for support software module progress dynamic update.Software dynamic upgrade technique can be in the case where not influencing existing system normal operation, new module is loaded into system, or dynamic replacement is carried out to old module, there is provided more new demand servicing during system operation, realize the smooth upgrade of software module, and can guarantee that system reliable operating for a long time.The technology solves the problems, such as how to enter chain of software modules into goal systems in goal systems, and realizes module and rely on administrative skill.Software module plus/uninstall process in, ensure that the safe and reliable operation of embedded system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to embedded development and area of maintenance, and in particular to a kind of dynamic update method of software.
Background technology
In the insertion with complicated applications is system, it is necessary to which the module is embedding after the completion of the exploitation of some software modules
Run in embedded system, just need to use loading technique at this time.Current common loading technique has two kinds：One kind is static loading
Technology, one kind are Dynamic loading techniques.
Wherein, static loading mode is using ripe tools chain, the tools chain (such as：GNU) reliable complete volume is provided
Translate and the Link tool, developer solve the problems, such as to compile, present in link, so that it may generate the target text of relocatable form
Part.When needing loading, host ending tool needs to calculate each section of size of relocatable file destination, sends and loads to target generator terminal
Address requests, according to the load address of reply, carry out secondary link to relocatable file, relocate, obtained most into row address
Whole file destination.Finally, file destination is written in target machine memory, and operation program.
Dynamic load mode can be used in software development process, with incremental mode to target machine dynamic download target mould
Block is debugged, so that the speed of Speeding up development.Target generator terminal coordinates host side action, and object module is loaded and transported
OK.The file destination of the compiler generation of host side, these file destinations are without actual operation address.First file destination is added
The specified region of target machine generator terminal is downloaded to, when needing module to run, first, in target generator terminal, to be completed to file destination
File destination, could be loaded into memory and run by secondary link, but not existing relation of interdependence between logging modle.
Both modes are applied to all deposit defect in software dynamic update, it is impossible to meet in embedded system for software
Carry out the requirement of dynamic update.
After software module is loaded into target generator terminal using static loading mode, the position of code segment and data segment all cannot
Change.The requirement of operating system dynamic update is unsatisfactory for from design, the upgrading of module can not depart from the support of development environment,
Software maintenance update phase has little significance.
Traditional dynamic load mode, is needing the software module of unloading legacy version, when recycling its shared resource, each mould
There may be relation of interdependence between block, it should be ensured that does not have other modules to depend on module to be unloaded in system.Due to the party
Method does not carry out module dependencies audit function, during unloading, if there being dependence between software module, and pole
It is possible to occur that software systems get muddled, causes unpredictable consequence, is usually used in the software debugging stage in this way,
Rather than software upgrading and maintenance phase.
The content of the invention
Modular software architecture is to realize the premise of operating system dynamic update, and designed system should have height
Modular characteristics, each module complete specific task.The dynamic update of module applies in general to application program or component etc.
Independence is relatively strong, with module of the operating system kernel function without fan-in.Kernel can not cut members only in bottom hardware
Or resource management capacity just needs to change when changing, therefore kernel can not cut members and online upgrading energy is not required
Power.
Dynamic update refers to new module is loaded into system by a series of predetermined actions, and in due course to old module into
Mobile state is replaced, and finally realizes the process of system smooth upgrade.Dynamic update can download to finger by handle in system operation
The standalone module for determining space is linked in system, realizes non-stop-machine more new demand servicing.Wherein, dynamic link is the pass of dynamic update
Key technology.Target generator terminal can realize repositioning of the object module in designated address space by dynamic link technology.
Dynamic update tool software framework is divided into host side and target generator terminal two parts, as shown in Figure 1.Host side upgrades work
Tool is made of upgrade function plug-in unit and upgrading figure plug-in unit two parts.It is all with plug-in unit to upgrade figure plug-in unit and upgrade function plug-in unit
Form be integrated on Eclipse platform, the part of functions as development environment.Including following several parts：
1. upgrade figure plug-in unit user oriented, there is provided patterned interface operation.
It is the logic control of host side upgrading tool 2. upgrade function plug-in unit is used for the whole upgrading flow for controlling host's generator terminal
Unit processed.
3. the information that target machine management is responsible for sending host side includes order and the target of host side to target generator terminal, information
Image.
The side for collecting and sending service, network or serial ports can be currently provided of target machine end communication service providing data
Formula is realized.Communications service is used to receive the data message that host side sends over, including, command information, data message etc.；Together
When, the information of target generator terminal is fed back to host side, including response message, Query Information, status information etc. by Communications service.
Target generator terminal is divided into management service and upgrade service two parts.Functions are as follows：
1. management service creates data structure and preserving module information；By between symbolic reference relation dynamic analysis module
Dependence, maintenance module dependence table, and module information will be loaded and its dependence is reported to upgrade service；With
Operating system layer interacts, and realizes management service function.
2. upgrade service is the core of whole dynamic update module, with managing service interactions, each of host side is performed
Kind order, including inquiry, load-on module and Unload module etc., major function are included following aspects：
1) function of management service is called, dependence between extraction module, provides for the adding of follow-up module/offloading functions
Support.
2) querying command is handled, returns to the Query Information of target generator terminal, including load-on module information and intermodule rely on
Relation etc..
3) receive file and load files into the region specified, secondary link is carried out in target generator terminal, and target is literary
Part is loaded into memory and runs.
In the numerous embedded system of node, such as sensor network etc., there is installing and dismounting it is difficult situations such as, institute
With when software module changes, dynamic upgrade technique can realize the smooth upgrade of software module, and meet node can be again
Configuration and adaptivity requirement, and ensure the normal operation of system.
Technical solution：
The dynamic update method of software module in a kind of embedded system, including following steps；
Step 1：Development environment realized based on Eclipse platform, the dynamic update function of the host side collection in the form of plug-in unit
Into on development environment platform, development environment initiates upgrade actions, and target generator terminal is transmitted data to by target machine management.
Step 2：Communications service is responsible for receiving the data of host side, and upgrade request is transmitted to upgrade service.
Step 3：Upgrade service responds upgrade request, and enquiry module table, judges that the module whether there is, and module exists, and arrives
Step 4, module is not present to step 8.
Step 4：Existing module in system, according to dependence table between module, calls management service function to carry out
Module stops operation, if stopping successfully, carrying out module unloading, dependence table is changed, to step 7；If stopping failure, arrive
Step 8.
Step 5：After host side receives success command, file destination is sent, Communications service receives file, deposited by upgrade service
Store up storage region.
Step 6：The module Dependency Specification that upgrade service is provided according to management service, carries out the Dynamic link library of file destination.
In Dynamic link library success process, address reorientation is completed, the module loading function of management service is called, when the module loading is complete
Cheng Hou, starts the module upgraded, to step 7 in management service.
Step 7：Entry communication service, sends and successfully feeds back.
Step 8：Entry communication service, sends error feedback.
The host side upgrading tool is made of upgrade function plug-in unit and upgrading figure plug-in unit two parts.Upgrade figure plug-in unit
User oriented, there is provided patterned interface operation；Upgrade function plug-in unit is used for the whole upgrading flow for controlling host's generator terminal, is main
The logic control element of generator terminal upgrading tool.This two parts is all to be integrated into the form of plug-in unit on Eclipse platform, as opening
The part of functions in hair ring border.
Target generator terminal is divided into management service and upgrade service two parts.Management service creates data structure and preserving module letter
Breath；By the dependence between symbolic reference relation dynamic analysis module, maintenance module dependence table, and mould will be loaded
Block message and its dependence are reported to upgrade service, are interacted with operating system layer, realize management service function.Upgrade service is real
Now with managing service interactions, the various orders of host side, including the order such as inquiry, load-on module and Unload module are performed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is dynamic update tool software Organization Chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is dynamic update structure chart of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is dynamic update flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 4 relies on schematic diagram for module；
Fig. 5 is module dependencies extraction process figure of the present invention；
Embodiment
Dynamic update instrument is host side part and target machine end part according to Module Division.Host side user oriented, carries
For operations such as information inquiry, module operation, module settings.Target generator terminal is responsible for carrying out dynamic update and management to module.Host
Concrete operations are converted into order by end, are sent to target generator terminal；Target generator terminal produces information feedback in loading procedure, is formed back
Complex information, makes host side know current loading state.
Host side dynamic update management is divided into information inquiry, module is set, module loading and module unload four partial functions.
Functions are as follows：
1. information inquiry：Query function to module information is provided, helps user to understand in real time and has loaded and mould to be loaded
The information of block.
2. module is set：Setting function to module is provided.
3. module loading：Target images file is sent to target generator terminal.These image files may be actual without specifying
Operation address.
4. module unloads：Load document is unloaded from target generator terminal.
Target generator terminal is the major part of dynamic update, it identifies loading command, reads the designated module in storage device,
Upgraded.Dynamic update structure design is as shown in Figure 2.
Upgrade service provides the API for realizing dynamic load, can start target generator terminal dynamic load process by the API.
By the operation of development environment or the routine call of target generator terminal, it finally can all use and arrive upgrade service API.Upgrade service from
Read module file in storage device, by dynamic link, after completing address reorientation, by module loading into memory, for being
System normal call.Management service provides service support for loading service, calls in upgrade service implementation procedure and is carried to management service
The functional interface of confession.
During dynamic update, Communications service receives the data of host side, and upgrade request is transmitted to upgrade service.Rise
Level service response upgrade request, judges that the module whether there is, if it is present management service function stop module need to be called,
If stopping failure, wrong data bag is replied to host side；If stop successfully, carrying out module unloading, then replying success status.
After host side receives success command, file destination is sent, Communications service receives file, by upgrade service storage to storage region.
The module Dependency Specification that upgrade service is provided according to management service, carries out the Dynamic link library of file destination.After Dynamic link library success,
The module loading function of management service is called, after the completion of the module loading, starts the module upgraded in management service.It is dynamic
State upgrading idiographic flow is as shown in Figure 3.
Wherein, the reception from host side data packet that Communications service is responsible for, and corresponding processing service is transmitted to, together
When, what it also was responsible for target machine client information feeds back to host side.Upgrade service responds upgrade request, is the master of whole dynamic update
Logic unit.It stores the file received, and the dependence provided according to management service completes Dynamic link library process, calls pipe
The function that reason service provides, completes whole dynamic link process.Management service is interacted with operating system, realizes the management work(of module
Can, including module information management and module operational administrative.Wherein, module information management include module self information and module according to
Rely relation information；Module operational administrative includes the functions such as stopping, unloading, loading and the startup of module.
Realize the process of dynamic load in upgrade service, the labor of functions in dynamic load process regimes
It is as follows：
1. file destination parses：File destination must be a kind of executable file of standard, using hierarchical management model, divide
It is internal information to analyse executable file, and analysis result is stored in data store organisation.
2. symbolic analysis and management：Module for dynamic update is separately compiled into file destination, therefore at this
The file destination of module deposits the calling to other moulds function in the block and global variable.When module symbolic parses, symbol is run into just
Insert in this module in corresponding symbol table, the memory address of the symbol that upgrade service has been loaded into using these in memory is repaiied
Positive goal mould symbolic reference in the block.
3. reorientation：Upgrade service relocation information to be dealt with, is existing in the form of relocation table.Reorientation
Item has the function of two：When code segment is relocated to another segment base, modification information is marked；Mark undefined symbol,
Clearly rewrite the position of value of symbol.File destination is analyzed, after the Information revision in relocation table each relocates item, renewal
Address sensitive instructs.If still had in memory mapping, the address of external reference is unknown, and upgrade service will carry out the processing that reports an error, this
When object module cannot be loaded.
4. module is loaded into：It is the object code that can be loaded into by treated block code.Upgrade service is to being
Each section of load address space of system application, the memory for completing program are loaded into.
5. system operation：The module is normally dissolved into whole system, and system calls renewal according to operation opportunity
Functions of modules afterwards.
Formed in software systems comprising all kinds of software modules loaded, the code of loadable module is as compilation unit quilt
Independent compilation, each module in system should have formatted uniformity.In escalation process, module before be loaded into all
Keep independent, a module may be used by multiple processes.When module needs called, the handle by way of dynamic update
Module chain access system, when going to module section, process will enter the module and carry out function execution, so there is
Multiple processes go to call the situation of a module.The input of module output relation correspond to adduction relationship between module, also
It is dependence.Since module has the characteristic output and input, then there is it and depend on certain module, while some moulds
Block also relies on it, as shown in figure 4, when therefore mentioning dependence, two kinds of characteristics are required for paying close attention to.
According to the dependence situation between modules in Fig. 4, the dependence such as table 1 between these modules can be extracted
It is shown.It has recorded a module in table and depend on which module, meanwhile, which module again relies on it.
1 dependence table of table
| Module name | Dependent on (number) | The dependence possessed |
| A | B,C(2) | Without (0) |
| B | C,D(2) | A(1) |
| C | Without (0) | A,B(2) |
| D | Without (0) | B(1) |
| E | Without (0) | Without (0) |
It can be seen that if wanting Unload module E, do not have an impact to system, the certainly this mould without input and input
Block, may in systems and be not present.If Unload module A, does not have too much influence to system, it is only necessary to which modification relies on
Relation table, it is as shown in table 2 that amended module relies on table.
Dependence table after 2 Unload module A of table
| Module name | Dependent on (number) | The dependence possessed |
| B | C,D(2) | Without (0) |
| C | Without (0) | B(1) |
| D | Without (0) | B(1) |
| E | Without (0) | Without (0) |
, it is necessary to ensure to be not present dependent on its module when module needs unloading, if Unload module B, inquiry
To module B, also possess the dependence for coming from A, this when, Unload module B that cannot be random, it is necessary to assure dependent on it
Modules A break-off, could Unload module B, otherwise, direct Unload module B, can cause system that unpredictable mistake occurs
By mistake.
Ensure the safe operation of system, the dependence between module is must take into account during dynamic update, especially
It has to investigate other module operating statuses dependent on the module when module unloads.In the management service of dynamic update
In realize management to module dependencies, intermodule dependence is extracted, the relation record extracted to mould
In block message, the dependence mapping of the module is established, including the module depends on which module, and which module to depend on and be somebody's turn to do
Module.
In the symbol resolution stage of dynamic update, module Dependency Specification is automatically extracted.The original that intermodule dependence produces
Because being that certain module carries out external reference to the symbol defined in another module.During dlm (dynamic loading module), system is utilized
Symbol in system symbol table, relocates these external symbol references.Due to being determined in system symbol table by disparate modules
The symbol of justice each has mark corresponding with this module, so for each symbol used in symbol resolution, passes through its mould
Block mark can trace back to the module for defining the symbol, this module is the module that new load-on module is relied on, so as to carry
Take dependency information of each new load-on module to other modules.
Module information extraction process, as shown in Figure 5.Establish module table and be used for management module information, the extraction of dependence
Realized during dynamic load, after treating upgraded module M_E progress symbolic analyses, find undefined symbol S_X, according with
Carry out searching the information of S_X in number table, find the definition of symbol S_X, complete the reorientation of symbolic address, meanwhile, in S_X symbols
It is have recorded in and belongs to M_K modules, the dependence between module M_E and M_K to be loaded is thus established, in module M_
Dependence of the record to module M_K in E, and similarly there is the dependence from M_E in record in M_K.
When needing Unload module M_K, it is necessary to inquire about either with or without the dependence to M_K, if so, cannot directly unload.Such as
Fruit does not have, and directly unloads the module, and the module for notifying all M_K to be relied on, and allows these modules in the dependence chained list of oneself
Middle deletion M modules.
Module and the dependence between them can be described with a digraph, a knot of each module as figure
Point, each node are owned by out-degree (which module depended on) and in-degree (which module depends on it), thus can be right
The processing of module dependencies carries out algorithm design when opposing figure to handle, using in data structure to the processing method of figure.If
Two chained lists are counted, are respectively intended to record Dependency Specification of each module to the module, and dependence letter of the module to other modules
Breath.When software module carry out plus unloading when, reformed into the addition to chained list and delete operation.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. dynamic update method of software module in embedded system, it is characterised in that：Including following steps；Step 1：Development environment realizes that the dynamic update function of host side is integrated in the form of plug-in unit based on Eclipse platform On development environment platform, development environment initiates upgrade actions, and target generator terminal is transmitted data to by target machine management；Step 2：Communications service is responsible for receiving the data of host side, and upgrade request is transmitted to upgrade service；Step 3：Upgrade service responds upgrade request, and enquiry module table, judges that the module whether there is, and module exists, to step Four, module is not present to step 8；Step 4：Existing module in system, according to dependence table between module, calls management service function to carry out module Stop operation, if stopping successfully, carrying out module unloading, dependence table is changed, to step 7；If stop failure, to step Rapid eight；Step 5：After host side receives success command, file destination is sent, Communications service receives file, stored by upgrade service To storage region；Step 6：The module Dependency Specification that upgrade service is provided according to management service, carries out the Dynamic link library of file destination；Dynamic During state successful connection, address reorientation is completed, calls the module loading function of management service, when the module loading is completed Afterwards, the module upgraded is started in management service, to step 7；Step 7：Entry communication service, sends and successfully feeds back；Step 8：Entry communication service, sends error feedback.
- 2. the dynamic update method of software module in a kind of embedded system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute Host side upgrading tool is stated to be made of upgrade function plug-in unit and upgrading figure plug-in unit two parts；Upgrade figure plug-in unit user oriented, Patterned interface operation is provided；Upgrade function plug-in unit is used for the whole upgrading flow for controlling host's generator terminal.
- 3. the dynamic update method of software module in a kind of embedded system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute State target generator terminal and be divided into management service and upgrade service.
- 4. the dynamic update method of software module in a kind of embedded system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Institute State management service and create data structure and preserving module information；Closed by the dependence between symbolic reference relation dynamic analysis module System, maintenance module dependence table, and module information will be loaded and its dependence is reported to upgrade service, with operating system Layer interaction, realizes management service function；The upgrade service realization and managing service interactions, perform the various orders of host side, Including inquiry, load-on module and Unload module order.
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| CN111274271A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-06-12 | 北京奇艺世纪科技有限公司 | Information management device and method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112241271A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2021-01-19 | 西安旌旗电子股份有限公司 | Partial upgrading method for embedded software |
| CN112667285A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-04-16 | 青岛海信传媒网络技术有限公司 | Application upgrading method, display device and server |
| CN114201149A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-03-18 | 北京阿丘科技有限公司 | Operation flow generation method, device and system and computer readable storage medium |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN107943504B (en) | 2021-03-26 |
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